Risk Factors For Relaparotomy Research Articles

Risk factors for relaparotomy after cesarean delivery.

To identify and analyze risk factors associated with relaparotomy following cesarean delivery (CD), focusing on obstetric and surgical parameters. Retrospective case-control study conducted at a high-volume tertiary obstetric center. We reviewed all women who underwent CD between 2013 and 2023. Patients who required a relaparotomy, defined as the reopening of the fascia, were included in the study group. Patient data were systematically reviewed to identify potential risk factors contributing to the need for post-CD relaparotomy, compared with a control group that did not undergo a relaparotomy. Out of 11 465 women underwent CD, 59 (0.5%) required relaparotomy. Using a multivariate model for independent risk factors, we found the following to be associated with relaparotomy: emergency CD (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.09, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.78-5.38, P < 0.01), placenta previa (aOR 4.66, 95% CI 1.54-14.11, P < 0.01), and multiple gestation as indications for the CD (aOR 4.61, 95% CI 2.10-10.12, P < 0.01); estimated intraoperative blood loss of more than 1 L (aOR 5.98, 95% CI 2.79-12.80, P < 0.01); and intraoperative adhesions (aOR 7.12, 95% CI 4.06-12.48, P < 0.01). Our study underscores the multifactorial nature of relaparotomy after CD, emphasizing the significance of considering a broad array of risk factors. By identifying and understanding these factors, clinicians can optimize patient care and potentially reduce morbidity, particularly the need for subsequent surgical interventions.

Risk factors for relaparotomy after a cesarean delivery: a case-control study.

Relaparotomy following a cesarean delivery (CD) is an infrequent complication, with inconsistency regarding risk factors and indications for its occurrence. We therefore aimed to determine risk factors and indications for a relaparotomy following a CD at a single large tertiary center. A retrospective case-control single-center study (2013-2023). We identified all women who had a relaparotomy up to six weeks following a CD (study group). Maternal characteristics, obstetrical and surgical data were compared to a control group in a 1:2 ratio. Controls were women with a CD before and immediately after each case in the study group, who did not undergo a relaparotomy. Included were CDs occurring after 24 gestational weeks. CD performed at different centers and indications for repeat surgery unrelated to the primary surgery (e.g., appendicitis) were excluded. Logistic regression was used to adjust for potential confounders. During the study period, 131,268 women delivered at our institution. Of them, 28,280 (21.5%) had a CD, and 130 patients (0.46%) underwent a relaparotomy. Relaparotomies following a CD occurred during the first 24h, the first week, and beyond the first week, in 59.2%, 33.1%, and 7.7% of cases, respectively. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, relaparotomy was significantly associated with Mullerian anomalies (aOR 3.33, 95%CI 1.08-10.24, p = 0.036); uterine fibroids (aOR 3.17, 95%CI 1.11-9.05,p = 0.031); multiple pregnancy (aOR 4.1, 95%CI 1.43-11.79,p = 0.009); hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (aOR 3.46, 95%CI 1.29-9.3,p = 0.014); CD during the second stage of labor (aOR 2.54, 95%CI 1.15-5.88, p = 0.029); complications during CD (aOR 1.62, 95%CI 1.09-3.21,p = 0.045); and excessive bleeding during CD or implementation of bleeding control measures (use of tranexamic acid, a hemostatic agent, or a surgical drain) (aOR 2.23, 95%CI 1.29-4.12,p = 0.012). Indications for relaparotomy differed depending on the time elapsed from the CD, with suspected intra-abdominal bleeding (36.1%) emerging as the primary indication within the initial 24h. We detected several pregnancy, intrapartum, and intra-operative risk factors for the need for relaparotomy following a CD. Practitioners may utilize these findings to proactively identify women at risk, thereby potentially reducing their associated morbidity.

Study of Prognostic Risk Factors for Relaparotomy in University Hospitals of LUBUMBASHI: Analysis of Biological and Therapeutic Clinical Criteria

Study of Prognostic Risk Factors for Relaparotomy in University Hospitals of LUBUMBASHI: Analysis of Biological and Therapeutic Clinical Criteria

Ocurrencia de laparotomía de emergencia y factores de riesgo asociados a la relaparotomía

Laparotomy consists of surgical access to the organs of the abdominal cavity, when classified as urgent, it appears when there is a need to explore the dimension of abdominal injuries or to investigate and treat unknown pathologies. Sometimes, this procedure presents complications where there is a need for a relaparotomy. The aim of this study was to describe the occurrence of emergency laparotomy and risk factors associated with relaparotomy. This is a retrospective, analytical and quantitative study carried out in an emergency hospital in the state of Pernambuco. The sample consisted of 120 medical records. The results showed different risk profiles. For laparotomy, there was a prevalence of males, age &lt;50 years, with alcoholism being a life habit considered a relevant risk factor and the most common clinical outcome was hospital discharge. In the case of relaparotomy, there was a prevalence in females, age&gt; 50 years, with high age considered a risk factor for complications, as clinical risk factors, smoking and arterial hypertension prevailed, the classification of ASA III and IV it also proved to be relevant and the most representative clinical outcome was death. In both profiles, the initial cause was significant for the difference in the clinical outcome of the analyzed medical records. Knowing the occurrence of emergency laparotomy and the risk factors for relaparotomy provides the multidisciplinary team of health services with prior knowledge so that there is adequate planning of care and the implementation of preventive measures.

Analysis of Post-Obstetric Surgery Referrals with Surgical Complications to Tertiary Hospital in Indonesia

Recently, the high rate of C-section is caused by obstetric indications and large number of elderly pregnant patients with maternal complications and fetal continuous monitoring use. C-section has higher risk of complication than vaginal delivery. Some post obstetric surgery complications require aggressive measures such as relaparotomy on critical conditions that cause morbidity. This retrospective study will analyze the profile of post-obstetric surgery referrals with surgical complications to Dr. Soetomo General Teaching Hospital. The records were total sampling according to inclusion and exclusion criteria using medical record data in 2019-2020. There were 27 cases of post-obstetric surgery referrals with surgical complications from all 70 post-obstetric surgery referrals (38.5%)?most referrals from outside Surabaya by private hospitals. Most patients were in 21-35 years (74%), 51.85% multiparity, only 18.5% with obesity. Most of the patients came with hypovolemic shock and complications of thrombocytopenia, prolonged haemostasis, and acute renal impairment. Most common indications for referrals are internal bleeding and postpartum hemorrhage. Operations at the referring hospital were performed emergency in 77.7% of cases. The most indications for surgery that increased the risk of relaparotomy were previous C-sections and the arrest of labors. Relaparotomy was performed in 23 cases (83.1%), most common findings were bleeding from the corner stitch of uterine incision and retroperitoneal hematoma. Most common procedures during relaparotomy were hysterectomy 42.42% and vascular ligation 30.3%. Relaparotomy on post obstetric surgery referrals was performed in patients with suspicion of internal bleeding due to bleeding from corner stitch of uterine incision and indications for surgery that were risk factors for relaparotomy were previous caesarean section and arrest of labors

Disease duration before surgical resection for chronic pancreatitis impacts long-term outcome.

Many patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) undergo a step-up approach with interventional procedures as first-line treatment and resection reserved for later stages. The aim of this study was to identify predictive factors for a significant clinical improvement (SCI) after surgical treatment.All patients operated for CP between September 2012 and June 2017 at our center was retrospectively reviewed. A prospective patient survey was conducted to measure patients postoperative outcome. The primary endpoint SCI was defined as stable health status, positive weight development and complete pain relief without routine pain medication. Additionally, risk factors for relaparotomy were analyzed.A total of 89 patients with a median follow-up of 38 months were included. In most cases, a duodenum-preserving pancreatic head resection (n = 48) or pancreatoduodenectomy (n = 28) was performed. SCI was achieved in 65.3% (n = 47) of the patients after the final medium follow-up of 15.0 months (IQR: 7.0–35.0 months), respectively. Patients with a longer mean delay (7.7 vs 4 years) between diagnosis and surgical resection were less likely to achieve SCI (P = .02; OR .88; 95%CI .80–98). An endocrine insufficiency was a negative prognostic factor for SCI (P = .01; OR .15; 95%CI .04–68). In total, 96.2% of the patients had a complete or major postoperative relief with a mean pain intensity reduction from 8.1 to 1.9 on the visual analogue scale.The results support that surgical resection for CP should be considered at early stages. Resection can effectively reduce postoperative pain intensity and improve long-term success.

Risk factors for relaparotomy after cesarean section due to hemorrhage: a tertiary center experience

Aim: This study aimed to examine the risk factors for relaparotomy after cesarean section (RLACS) due to bleeding.Material and methods: In this retrospective descriptive case-control study, women who underwent RLACS only for bleeding between 2008 and 2019 at a single tertiary center were examined (the center oversees approximately 25,000 deliveries per year). Maternal characteristics, postoperative findings, and surgical features were compared with a control group that included non-complicated cesarean sections (CS). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors for relaparotomy.Results: Relaparotomy complicated 0.07% (n = 40) of CS during the study period (n = 58,095). When compared with the control group, age, parity, estimated blood loss (EBL), postoperative pulse, blood replacement, and length of hospital stay were statistically higher in patients undergoing relaparotomy, whereas their postoperative systolic and diastolic blood pressure were found to be low. A history of pelvic surgery, the need for intensive care, and complications were more frequent in patients undergoing relaparotomy. When CSs were grouped according to 8-h periods of the day, it emerged that relaparotomies were mostly performed on the patients who underwent CS after working hours. Time interval during the day of the CS [OR: 2.59 (1.10–6.12)] and high postoperative pulse rate [OR: 1.58 (1.28–1.96)] were found to be independent risk indicators for RLACS (AUC: 0.97).Conclusions: Monitoring vital signs in the postoperative period and increasing the number of physicians and nurses during off-hours in hospitals working with on-call duty procedures as determined by the Ministry of Health will reduce the incidence rate of relaparotomy, maternal morbidity, and mortality due to hemorrhage.

Risk factors for relaparotomy after cesarean delivery and related maternal near-miss event due to bleeding

Aim: To define the risk factors for relaparotomy after cesarean delivery (RLACD) and related maternal near-miss event due to bleeding.Methods: In this retrospective descriptive case-control study, women who underwent RLACD (n = 46) only for bleeding between 2012 and 2017 were reviewed. Factors that could predict relaparotomy and related near-miss event were evaluated. Maternal characteristics, laboratory findings and surgical features were compared with a control group (n = 230) that included noncomplicated cesarean deliveries (CD). Logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent factors for relaparotomy.Results: RLACD for bleeding was required in 0.26% of patients and the incidence increased gradually over years (0.16% in 2013 versus 0.44% in 2017). Mean interval between CD and subsequent relaparotomy was 15.7 ± 3.2 hours. The sources of bleeding in descending order of frequency included; uterine fundus and placental bed (39.1%), cervix (21.7%), undetermined (17.3%), superior epigastric artery (13%), superficial epigastric artery (8.1%). Longer duration of CD (adjusted odd ratio (aOR) 1.82, 95% CI 1.02–2.53), increased number of prior CDs (aOR 2.51, 95% CI 1.09–5.78), preeclampsia (aOR 3.48, 95% CI 1.21–7.19) were found to be independent risk indicators for RLACD. Moreover, longer duration of interval between CD and relaparotomy (p = .005), longer relaparotomy duration (p = .012) and greater drop in hemoglobin level (p = .001) were found to be the predictors of maternal near-miss event.Conclusions: Patients with identified risk factors should be managed properly in order to prevent relaparotomy and near-miss event after CD. Also, urgent decision of surgical intervention might reduce the risk of maternal near-miss event.

Low risk of intra-abdominal infections in rectal cancer patients treated with Hartmann\u2019s procedure: a report from a national registry

PurposeTo describe the postoperative surgical complications in patients with rectal cancer undergoing Hartmann’s procedure (HP).MethodsData were retrieved from the Swedish Colorectal Cancer Registry for all patients with rectal cancer undergoing HP in 2007–2014. A retrospective analysis was performed using prospectively recorded data. Characteristics of patients and risk factors for intra-abdominal infection and re-laparotomy were analysed.ResultsOf 10,940 patients resected for rectal cancer, 1452 (13%) underwent HP (median age, 77 years). The American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score was 3–4 in 43% of patients; 15% had distant metastases and 62% underwent a low HP. The intra-abdominal infection rate was 8% and re-laparotomy rate was 10%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified preoperative radiotherapy (OR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.14–2.77), intra-operative bowel perforation (OR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.08–3.67), T4 tumours (OR, 1.68; 95% CI 1.04–2.69) and female gender (OR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.15–2.61) as risk factors for intra-abdominal infection. ASA score 3–4 (OR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.12–2.34), elevated BMI (OR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.02–1.09) and female gender (OR, 2.06; CI, 1.41–3.00) were risk factors for re-laparotomy after HP. The rate of intra-abdominal infection was not increased after a low HP.ConclusionsDespite older age and co-morbidities including more advanced cancer, patients undergoing Hartmann’s procedure had low rates of serious postoperative complications and re-laparotomy. A low HP was not associated with a higher rate of intra-abdominal infection. HP seems to be appropriate for old and frail patients with rectal cancer.

Risk factors for relaparotomy after caesarian section: a study in a tertiary care hospital

Background: Caesarian section ( CS) is one of the most common reasons for the development of puerperal complications. Most of the women are treated conservatively, but sometimes there is a need for relaparotomy. Usually it is performed when the condition of the patient is too critical to withstand the risk of anaesthesia and repeat operation. Methods: Detailed demographic data was collected from the patients such as age, parity, indication for primary caesarian section, indications for relaparotomy and the interval between the two surgeries. Results: Most of the women were in the age group of 20-35 years with 1 case being 38 and most of them were multiparous except 3 for whom this was the first parity. Atonic post-partum haemorrhage was the most common indication for relaparotomy followed by traumatic postpartum haemorrhage and rectus sheath hematoma. Most of the surgeries took place within the first 24 hours of the primary surgery. Conclusions: Since there is a high rate of indications for relaparotomy, immediate action and careful monitoring of the patient is required post caesarian section.

Characterizing the need for re-laparotomy during puerperium after cesarean section

As inconsistency exists concerning the rate and risk factors for re-laparotomy after cesarean section (CS), we aimed to determine the incidence, risk factors and indications for re-laparotomy after CS. This is a retrospective study. Women underwent re-laparotomy following CS were compared to a control group in a 1:3 ratio. Demographic, obstetrical and surgical data were analyzed. CS complications were defined as intra-operative abnormal hemorrhage, summoning surgical personnel, inverted T incision, uterine and/or hypogastric arteries ligation or cesarean hysterectomy. Overall, 35,779 women delivered during the study, of them 7,926 by CS (22.1 %) and 62 patients (0.7 %) underwent re-laparotomy. Re-laparotomies occur during the first 24 h, first week and beyond it, following CS in 64.5, 22.6 and 12.9 %, respectively. Previous abdominal/pelvic surgery (14.5 vs. 8.1 %, p < 0.01), emergent surgery (24.2 vs. 13.4 %, p = 0.04), intra-operative complications (26.8 vs. 0.5 %, p < 0.001), post-operative complication (40.7 vs. 0.5 %, p < 0.001) and adhesions (65.5 vs. 33.3 %, p < 0.001) were significantly increased in the study group. Indications for re-laparotomy varied according to the interval elapsed to the re-laparotomy with post-partum hemorrhage (27.4 %) being the leading indication in the early period. Risk factors for re-laparotomy following CS can be recognized and are mainly associated with previous abdominal and/or pelvic surgeries and intra-operative adhesions.

Risk factors for relaparotomy after cesarean section

Objective: To investigate risk factors for relaparotomy after cesarean section (CS). Methods: A retrospective case-control study comparing all CS that were complicated with relaparotomy to cesarean deliveries without this complication. Results: Relaparotomy complicated 0.23% (n = 80) of CS during the study period (n = 34,389). Independent risk factors for relaparotomy following CS from a multivariable logistic regression model were post partum hemorrhage, cervical tears, placenta previa, uterine rupture, placental abruption, severe preeclampsia and previous CS. Most women (51.2%) underwent relaparotomy during the first 24 h after CS. The leading causes for relaparotomy was bleeding (70%) and burst abdomen (8.8%). Hysterectomy was performed in 31.3% of the patients. Conclusion: Risk factors for relaparotomy after CS are previous CS, severe preeclampsia, placenta previa, uterine rupture, placental abruption, cervical tear and PPH. Experienced obstetricians should be involved in such cases and the possibility for complications including relaparotomy should be emphasized.