Risk Factors For Bone Health Research Articles

NUTRITIONAL RISK FACTORS FOR BONE HEALTH AND PHYSICAL FITNESS AMONG ADOLESCENTES

233 The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between some nutritional factors for bone health and anthropometric physical fitness variables in female adolescents. The sample consisted of 30 girls menarched from 14 to 19 years ([horizontal bar over]x:16.3 ± 1.1 years). The physical fitness variables measured were: body weight ([horizontal bar over]x:57.1 ± 10.2 kg), body height ([horizontal bar over]x:163.7± 5.8 cm), body mass index-BMI ([horizontal bar over]x:21.2 ± 2.9 kg/m2), adiposity by means of seven skinfolds (SKF) ([horizontal bar over]x:14.5 ± 4.9mm); humerus breadth ([horizontal bar over]x: 5.9± 0.4 cm) and femur breadth ([horizontal bar over]x: 8.9 ± 1.1 cm). The subjects completed a 4-day nutritional recall. A specific software determined the mean intake per day of: a- calories ([horizontal bar over]x: 1778.0 ± 489.1 Kcal/day); b- protein ([horizontal bar over]x: 61.4± 14.8 g/day); c- calcium ([horizontal bar over]x:588.8 ± 217.7 mg/day); d- sodium ([horizontal bar over]x: 3182.0 ± 939.7 mg/day), e- phosphorus ([horizontal bar over]X: 759.2 ± 216.4 mg/day) and f- caffeine ([horizontal bar over]x: 61.7 ± 87.0 mg/day). The calcium/phosphorus ratio (Ca:P) was 0.78:1.Age of menarche ([horizontal bar over]x: 12.5 ± 0.9 years) was determined using a questionnaire; 9.1% of the subjects used oral contraceptives and 24.2% reported to have menstrual irregularities. The statistical analysis used was Pearson's correlation (r) (* p<.05) TableTableThe results evidenced a high protein (38.3% above the RDA) and sodium intake (six times more the minimum) and lower calcium and phosphorus intake(51.9% and 36.7% below the RDA respectively). We can conclude, within the limitations of this study and the nutritional recall, that this group of adolescents presented: a- high protein and sodium intake; b- lower calcium and phosphorus intake; c- an inadequate Ca:P ratio; c- the relationship between calcium intake and bone breadth was not clear; although it might hypothetize that the higher protein and sodium intake or, and the lower Ca:P ratio could be responsible for a lower calcium absorbtion and a risk factor for bone health during adolescence.

Consistency of perimenopausal estrogen use reporting by women in a population-based prospective study

The authors assessed the accuracy of perimenopausal estrogen use reporting by 430 women in a prospective study of bone health risk factors. Data from two time points 5 years apart indicated that 383 (89%) women could consistently report having ever used perimenopausal estrogens or not. Of the 383.138 reported some lifetime perimenopausal estrogen use; 97 (70%) of these consistently reported duration of use. The age-adjusted relative odds that women would misreport having ever used perimenopausal estrogens was 11.7 (1.3, 100.6) for women with 11–20 years since last use, and 22.2 (1.8, 277.4) for 21 + years. Among women who inconsistently reported ever use of perimenopausal estrogen, the relative odds of reporting use at baseline and never use at follow-up as compared to reporting the converse by women aged 70–75 was 8.1 (1.2, 53.2) times that for women aged 60–69 at follow-up, and increased to 9.6 (1.8, 49.9) for women aged 76–85. This suggests that women can consistently report perimenopausal estrogen use, but accurate report of use declines in women whose last use precedes the interview by over 10 years. Accurate report of duration or dates of perimenopausal estrogen use may be compromised in women of more advanced age.