Rising Tide Research Articles

Bogus: electronic manufacturing and consumers confront a rising tide of counterfeit electronics

This paper discusses the growing concern over the counterfeiting of electronics components and systems. Three key factors are identified as the root cause of this problem: the shift of manufacturing to China where intellectual property laws are not strictly enforced and supply chains are convoluted; the growing sophistication of technology that enables cheaper and more convincing fakes; and the rise of the Internet as a marketplace, allowing buyers and sellers make fast trades without ever meeting face to face. As many companies are learning the hard way, counterfeiting requires a constant, deliberate, and multifaceted effort, vigorous monitoring of potential trouble spots, and judicious use of anticounterfeiting technologies.

Capturing Sound: How Technology Has Changed Music (review)

Capturing Sound: How Technology Has Changed Music. By Mark Katz. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2004. [xiii, 276 p. ISBN 0520243803. $19.95.] Index, notes, compact disc. It is a curious fact that the enormous changes in musical culture precipitated by sound recording began to attract the attention of scholars only after many decades. This was due not simply to scholars' focal interest in of earlier centuries and of non-Western societies, but to a fundamental misconception of the medium. Viewed widely as a mode of representation rather than a commingling of medium and content, each affecting the other, sound recording was relegated conceptually to a primarily functional status, a tool for documentation and dissemination. Such a conception was supported historically by advances in recording that aimed at ever greater transparency. High-fidelity recording sought to render the medium silent, directing the listener's full attention to the recording's content. But the attempt to remove sonic distraction was itself a distraction. For no matter how skillfully the illusion of transparency was propagated, sound recording's on musical life was indelible practically from the beginning. Over the past fifteen years, interest in sound recording has fostered a rising tide of historical and critical commentary well symbolized by the Centre for the History and Analysis of Recorded Music (located at the University of London), an organization devoted to musicological projects focused on sound recording. Both riding this tide and pushing it further, Mark Katz's Capturing Sound is an eclectic exploration of the effect (p. 3), the multidimensional influence of mediated sound on musical life. The book owes something to Evan Eisenberg's Recording Angel (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1987) in its broad scope and entertaining array of anecdotes. Capturing Sound, however, is both more specific musically and less involved with philosophical musing. Katz writes in a straightforward way accessible to all lovers, yet his writing is founded on solid scholarly evidence. Further user-friendliness is provided by an accompanying compact disc containing many examples illustrating issues discussed in the book. Katz opens his argument with a list and description of distinctive and defining trait [s] of sound recording technology that account for effects: tangibility, portability, invisibility, repeatability, temporality, and manipulability (p. 9 ff.). Each of these traits influences sound production and perception in fundamental ways that distinguish recording from live performance, a distinction that identifies the source of all phonograph effects. As such, one of the book's narrative threads is the historical and conceptual interface between recording and performance, the ways in which their differences and their interactions shape musical practice and reception. As Katz summarizes: every manifestation of recording's influence, whether the act of solitary listening, the length of certain jazz works, or the flare scratch (and turntablism in general, for that matter), may be traced to the traits of recording that distinguish it from live music-making (p. 189). Having defined a set of practical and conceptual reference points, Katz examines widely divergent evidence of phonograph effects scattered across continents and historical time. Each of seven chapters explores a set of issues raised by a particular manifestation of the music/technology interface. We learn of the pedagogical hopes for the phonograph in early twentieth-century America, where many promoted the machine's promise to bring good music (i.e., classical music) to a broad public (chapter 2). Next, Katz takes up recording's influence on the development of jazz, as well as the historiographie value of jazz recordings (chapter 3). Moving to classical performance practice, Katz presents a detailed study of changes in violin vibrato over the first half of the twentieth century attributable, he argues, to the exigencies of recording, notably the trait of invisibility (chapter 4). …

Evil Necessity: Slavery and Political Culture in Antebellum Kentucky (review)

Reviewed by: Evil Necessity: Slavery and Political Culture in Antebellum Kentucky John Cimprich Evil Necessity: Slavery and Political Culture in Antebellum Kentucky. By Harold Tallant. (Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 2003. Pp. 307. Cloth, $45.00.) Harold Tallant's work of intellectual history examines the debate over slavery in Kentucky from 1829 to 1860. A large body of previous writing, ably synthesized in Lowell H. Harrison's The Antislavery Movement in Kentucky (1978), has shaped most of the subject's themes. Tallant does provide a more detailed discussion of antislavery thought than his predecessors and, most importantly, places the "necessary evil" view of slavery at the center of the story. His insightful thesis holds that throughout the period the "necessary evil" concept both encouraged attacks on slavery by spotlighting its evil nature and prevented effective action against it by stressing the need for white people to preserve control over African Americans. Few in Kentucky, unlike most other slave states, considered the institution a financial necessity because of the state's diverse economy. The "necessary evil" defense originated in response to the American Revolution's ideal of equal liberty, which motivated most northeastern states to pass gradual emancipation acts. From Kentucky's beginning, a minority advocated such a law but quarreled over how cautious of a program would insure a safe escape from slavery. In 1829 these individuals also adopted African colonization of slaves to eliminate the possibility of conflict between the races after freedom. Colonization, however, had practical problems with high costs and some black resistance. The conservative methods for antislavery reform failed to win over most Kentuckians. [End Page 98] Although general histories of the antebellum South commonly present the "necessary evil" theory as being replaced in the 1830s by the "positive good" articulation of proslavery ideology (seeing slavery as beneficial in all ways), Tallant demonstrates that Kentucky did not fit that pattern. Like him, other researchers have also found exceptions. The "positive good" ideology only started to rise in Kentucky during the 1849 Constitutional Convention at which the antislavery forces suffered a thorough defeat. Afterwards, a few frustrated reformers turned to immediatist and sometimes egalitarian abolitionism. Throughout the period, the proslavery advocates stressed that only slavery could suppress inevitable racial conflict. Beginning in the 1840s, they increasingly denounced antislavery advocacy for supposedly stirring up slave violence. Tallant, though, asserts that the continued tolerance of some discussion of the issue until 1860 proved that most Kentuckians continued to believe in the "necessary evil" concept. However, this argument is weak. Tolerance existed only for the declining gradualist and colonization form of antislavery thought. Kentucky's abolitionists faced a rising tide of mob violence. Except for Cassius M. Clay, who had repeatedly and successfully defended himself, they were all eventually run out of the state. Reverend John G. Fee avoided attacks for a few years by confining his mostly educational and missionary work to areas with few slaves. In the future the debate about slavery in the state after 1849 could benefit from further study, especially if expanded through the Civil War years. Tallant writes in a clear and smooth style generally with good organization. The author's impressively extensive research supports the bulk of his interpretations. The book presents a forthright argument with a detailed analysis of ideas and expands understanding of the topic. It underlines the need for historians to recognize the diversity of thought in the antebellum South. John Cimprich Thomas More College Copyright © 2006 The Kent State University Press

Book ReviewsRising Tide: Gender Equality and Cultural Change around the World. By Ronald Inglehart and Pippa Norris. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.A Critical Rewriting of Global Political Economy: Integrating Reproductive, Productive and Virtual Economies. By V. Spike Peterson. London: Routledge/RIPE Series in Global Political Economy, 2003.Common Ground or Mutual Exclusion? Women’s Movements and International Relations. Edited by Marianne Braig and

Previous articleNext article No AccessBook Reviews Rising Tide: Gender Equality and Cultural Change around the World. By Ronald Inglehart and Pippa Norris. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003. A Critical Rewriting of Global Political Economy: Integrating Reproductive, Productive and Virtual Economies. By V. Spike Peterson. London: Routledge/RIPE Series in Global Political Economy, 2003. Common Ground or Mutual Exclusion? Women’s Movements and International Relations. Edited by Marianne Braig and Sonja Wölte. London: Zed, 2002.Michelle V. RowleyMichelle V. RowleyUniversity of Cincinnati Search for more articles by this author University of CincinnatiPDFPDF PLUSFull Text Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Signs Volume 31, Number 2Winter 2006 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/491678 Views: 56Total views on this site Permission to reprint a book review printed in this section may be obtained only from the author(s).PDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

Gary E. Weir and Walter J. Boyne, Rising Tide: The Untold Story of the Russian Submarines That Fought the Cold War

Gary E. Weir and Walter J. Boyne, <i>Rising Tide: The Untold Story of the Russian Submarines That Fought the Cold War</i>

The Rising Tide of Outreach and Engagement in State and Land-Grant Universities in the United States: What are the Implications for University Continuing Education Units in Canada?

In this paper, we describe the outreach and engagement movement in the United States and explore the implications of this movement for university continuing education units in Canada. Across the United States, major universities have adopted the vocabulary of “outreach and engagement” to foster a shift in the relationships of those universities with communities and organizations beyond the traditional boundaries of the institution. This vocabulary has its roots in the work of Ernest Boyer (1990, 1996) and the Kellogg Commission on the Future of State and Land-Grant Universities (1999, 2000). In the past decade, many American universities have adopted new leadership and organizational structures to make an operational commitment to outreach and engagement. In Canada, university continuing education units have traditionally been involved in activities that fit within the concept of outreach and engagement, and leaders of such units should consider the implications of the outreach and engagement movement.

Breast Cancer and Race: A Rising Tide Does Not Lift All Boats Equally

African American women have a lower overall incidence of breast cancer but a higher overall mortality than do white women. African American women with breast cancer present for medical care at an earlier age, with more advanced stage disease, and with higher-risk tumor biology. While the advanced stage at presentation and higher-risk tumor biology appear to account for much of the excess mortality in African American women, differences persist even after controlling for these factors. This paper discusses the factors that may contribute to differences in survival and differences in stage at diagnosis between African American and white women.

Tackling HIV/AIDS: more scientific truth, less bureaucracy

Tackling HIV/AIDS: more scientific truth, less bureaucracy

Does Puberty Bring a Rising Tide of Back Pain?

Does Puberty Bring a Rising Tide of Back Pain?

Establishment Success across Convergent Mediterranean Ecosystems: an Analysis of Bird Introductions

Abstract: Concern over the impact of invaders on biodiversity and on the functioning of ecosystems has generated a rising tide of comparative analyses aiming to unveil the factors that shape the success of introduced species across different regions. One limitation of these studies is that they often compare geographically rather than ecologically defined regions. We propose an approach that can help address this limitation: comparison of invasions across convergent ecosystems that share similar climates. We compared avian invasions in five convergent mediterranean climate systems around the globe. Based on a database of 180 introductions representing 121 avian species, we found that the proportion of bird species successfully established was high in all mediterranean systems (more than 40% for all five regions). Species differed in their likelihood to become established, although success was not higher for those originating from mediterranean systems than for those from nonmediterranean regions. Controlling for this taxonomic effect with generalized linear mixed models, species introduced into mediterranean islands did not show higher establishment success than those introduced to the mainland. Susceptibility to avian invaders, however, differed substantially among the different mediterranean regions. The probability that a species will become established was highest in the Mediterranean Basin and lowest in mediterranean Australia and the South African Cape. Our results suggest that many of the birds recently introduced into mediterranean systems, and especially into the Mediterranean Basin, have a high potential to establish self‐sustaining populations. This finding has important implications for conservation in these biologically diverse hotspots.

Rational Buildings Designed To `Calm the Disorderly Mind'

Rational Buildings Designed To `Calm the Disorderly Mind'

Plain Folk in a Rich Man's War: Class and Dissent in Confederate Georgia (review)

This text aims to shed new light on how planter self-interest, government indifference, and the very nature of southern society produced a rising tide of dissent and disaffection among Georgia's plain folk during the Civil War.

Forty-First Annual Meeting, The Society of Thoracic Surgeons

Forty-First Annual Meeting, The Society of Thoracic Surgeons

Visions of belonging: family stories, popular culture, and postwar democracy, 1940-1960

Acknowledgments Part 1. Ordinary Families, Popular Culture, and Popular Democracy, 1935-1945 Radio's Formula Drama Popular Theater and Popular Democracy Popular Democracy on Radio Popular Democracy in Wartime: Multiethnic and Multiracial? Representing Soldier The New World of Home Front Soldiers as Veterans: Imagining Postwar World Looking Back Stories Part 2. Making Working-Class Family Tree Grows in Brooklyn From Working-Class Daughter to Working-Class Writer Revising 1930s Radical Visions Remembering a Working-Class Past Instructing Middle Class The Ethnic and Racial Boundaries of Ordinary Making Womanhood Ordinary Hollywood Revises Tree Grows in Brooklyn The Declining Appeal of Tree's Social Terrain Part 3. Home Front Harmony and Remembering Mama Bank Account and Other Ethnic Working-Class Fictions Remembering Mama on Stage The Mother Next Door on Film, 1947-1948 Mama on CBS, 1949-1956 The Appeal of TV Mama's Ordinary Family Stories Part 4. Loving Across Prewar Racial and Sexual Boundaries Lillian Smith and Strange Fruit Quality Reinstates Color Line Strange Fruit as Failed Social Drama The Returning Negro Soldier, Interracial Romance, and Deep Are Roots Interracial Male Homosociability in Home of Brave Part 5. Seeing Through Jewishness Perception and Racial Boundaries in Focus Policing Racial and Gender Boundaries in The Brick Foxhole Recasting Victim in Crossfire Deracializing Jewishness in Gentleman's Agreement Part 6. Hollywood Makes Race (In)Visible A Great Step Forward: The Film Home of Brave Lost Boundaries: Racial Indeterminacy as Whiteness Pinky: Racial Indeterminacy as Blackness Trading Places or No Way Out? Everyman Stories Part 7. Competing Postwar Representations of Universalism The Truly Universal People: Richard Durham's Destination Freedom The Evolution of Arthur Miller's Ordinary Family Miller's Search for the People, 1947-1948 The Creation of an Ordinary American Tragedy: Death of a Salesman The Rising Tide of Anticommunism Part 8. Marital Realism and Everyman Love Stories Marital Realism Before and After Blacklist The Promise of Live Television Drama Paddy Chayefsky's Everyman Ethnicity Conservative and Corporate Constraints on Representing Ordinary Filming Television's Ordinary: Marty's Everyman Romance Part 9. Reracializing Ordinary American Family: Raisin in Sun Lorraine Hansberry's South Side Childhood Leaving Home, Stepping Deliberately Against Beat The Freedom Family and Black Left I Am a Writer: Hansberry in Greenwich Village Raisin in Sun: Hansberry's Conception, Audience Reception Frozen in Frame: The Film of Raisin Visions of Belonging Notes Index

Report from Hawai'i: The Rising Tide of Arts Education in the Islands

Tracing the tandem development of arts education and TA capacity,our colleague in the Aloha State maps a journey to leadership.

Breast Cancer and Race: A Rising Tide Does Not Lift All Boats Equally

African American women have a lower overall incidence of breast cancer but a higher overall mortality than do white women. African American women with breast cancer present for medical care at an earlier age, with more advanced stage disease, and with higher-risk tumor biology. While the advanced stage at presentation and higher-risk tumor biology appear to account for much of the excess mortality in African American women, differences persist even after controlling for these factors. This paper discusses the factors that may contribute to differences in survival and differences in stage at diagnosis between African American and white women.

Dangerousness and the Death Penalty: an Examination of Juvenile Homicides in Kentucky

As in several other states, Kentucky passed legislation to get tough with juveniles and battle a rising tide of delinquency and violent crime. The necessity of this policy was unquestioned. This analysis examines national juvenile crime statistics and data on juvenile homicides in Kentucky. It uses the Barnett scale to examine whether juvenile murderers were more deliberate, random, or vicious killers over time. The results of the study do not support the get tough movement or the continued availability of the death penalty for juveniles in Kentucky.

The Rising Tide of Metabolic Syndrome

The Rising Tide of Metabolic Syndrome

The origins of the Tigray People's Liberation Front

The Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF), at its inception, was grounded in an ethno-nationalist consciousness generated by the cumulative grievances of Tigrayans against successive central governments of Ethiopia. An association of Tigrayan elites, the urban-based Tigrayan National Organization (TNO), prepared the groundwork for the formation of the TPLF. The TPLF, for its part, utilized class and ethnonationalist ideologies to mobilize Tigrayans until it ousted the Mengistu government in 1991. This article analyzes how this ethno-nationalist organization emerged, grew and finally came to dominate Ethiopia a state with an emerging multi-national character. LITTLE HAS BEEN WRITTEN ABOUT THE ORIGINS OF THE TIGRAY PEOPLE'S LIBERATION FRONT (TPLF). Even less has been written by any author with inside knowledge.1 As a founding member of the TPLF, who was part of its leadership for eleven years, I believe I have something relevant to share on this subject with anyone interested in contemporary political developments in Ethiopia. The TPLF started in February 1975 as a small guerrilla band in the northern region of Ethiopia and eventually grew to provide the core of the Ethiopian government. It was originally an ethno-nationalist movement that aimed to secure the self-determination of Tigray within the Ethiopian polity. It succeeded in mobilizing the people of Tigray to such extraordinary effect that, in 1991, it won state power in Ethiopia in the name of the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF). The latter the government of Ethiopia today is often accused by opponents of being 'simply a Tigrean front'.2 During an armed struggle that lasted for 16 years, the TPLF mobilized Tigrayans behind the front and created a Aregawi Berhe is a research associate at the Afrika Studiecentrum, Leiden, the Netherlands. He is grateful for the comments of Jon G. Abbink as well as those of an anonymous referee. 1. Former senior TPLF members Giday Zera-tsion, Kahsai Berhe and the present author have written critical articles on their differences with the TPLF leadership after they broke with the organization. Though valuable documents, they were not published and remain in private hands. 2. Solomon Gashaw, 'Nationalism and ethnic conflict in Ethiopia', in Crawford Young (ed.), The Rising Tide of Cultural Pluralism: The nation-state at bay (University of Wisconsin Press, Madison, WI, 1993), p. 156.

Assessment is Not a Four-Letter Word

The past two decades has seen a rising tide of criticism of American universities. This criticism is expressed in national reports, voter initiatives, legislative reports, and by employers and accrediting agencies who have concluded that there is “a crisis of educational quality in our nation's colleges and universities” (Gardiner 1998, 71–88) and that “a disturbing and dangerous mismatch exists between what American society needs from higher education and what it is receiving” (Wingspread Group on Higher Education 1993). From such criticisms, the assessment movement was born (see, for example, Diamond 1998; Palomba and Banta 1999; Allen 2004).