Rising Divorce Rate Research Articles

The Role of Attachment Styles in Marital Stability: A Psychological Approach to Strengthening Relationships

Purpose: The present study attempts to establish how attaching styles influence marital stability. To help determine how the various attachment patterns or styles-secure, anxious, avoidant, and disorganized-influence communication quality, conflict resolution, and overall marital satisfaction. Provide an understanding of how attachment styles, which are developed during one's childhood years, impinge on adult-to-adult relationships, particularly in marriage. Understand the rise in divorce rates and marital problems based on exploration of attachment styles that strengthen or weaken the marital bond. Add to the increasing scientific knowledge repository by focusing on real-life marital outcomes related to psychological theories of attachment. Material and Methods: The research design for this study is a mixed-methods design, which includes the following; Quantitative Component: Standardized questionnaires related to attachment style and relationship satisfaction scales will be administered to 200 couples. Qualitative Component: 20 couples from each category of different attachment styles will be interviewed in depth. This will be done at the marriage counseling centers in Houston, Texas. Population: Married individuals from different age brackets and years of marriage. Sampling: Stratified random sampling to ensure that there is a fair representation of marital backgrounds. Statistical Analysis: Application of correlation and regression analysis will help identify if attachment styles significantly predict marital outcomes. Findings: The key results of the study are that secure Attachment: Couples with at least one partner showing a secure attachment style exhibit: Improved communication, Successful conflict resolution, Overall relationship satisfaction, Insecure Attachment Styles, Anxious and avoidant are attached to less satisfaction and more conflict in marriage. Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Based on this research, our recommendations in the present study are as follows: The need for Attachment-Based Interventions and Relationship Education Programs.

Why Women Get Divorced in Bangladesh: Exploring Individualism and Other Factors

Globally, marriage breakup or divorce has become a significant issue, and Bangladesh is no exception. The divorce rate among urban women has dramatically increased in Bangladesh, particularly in Dhaka City. This study aims to uncover the factors contributing to the rising divorce rate among women in Dhaka. Utilizing desk-based research and expert interviews, it critically examines the causes of marriage breakdown. The study argues that industrialization, women's empowerment, and feminist movements have fostered a rise in individualism among women in Dhaka, making them more educated and empowered compared to those in other Bangladeshi cities. This individualism serves as a deterrent against physical and mental abuse, extramarital affairs, authoritarian attitudes, and other forms of discrimination traditionally faced by women. Women's sense of individualism also fosters intolerance toward unhappy marriages, allowing them to pursue independent lives due to their financial solvency. Additionally, the study identifies other factors negatively impacting divorce-seeking behavior, including drug addiction, marital dissatisfaction over infertility or impotence, extramarital affairs due to partner absence, and the influence of social media.

Psychosocial Variables That Enhance Marital Stability Among Couples in Southeast Nigeria

The rising divorce rates in Nigerian society stress the need to prioritize marital stability. This study seeks to contribute to mitigating this issue by investigating key psychosocial factors that promote marital stability. Specifically, the study explores the psychosocial variables that enhance marital stability among couples in Nsukka Local Government Area (LGA) of Enugu State. Data were sourced from 24 married couples through Focus Group Discussions (FGDs). Purposive sampling was employed, and data generated for the study were meticulously translated, transcribed and analyzed thematically. The findings revealed the pivotal role of love, effective communication and cultural factors in sustaining marital stability. To enhance marital stability, the study recommends the need for social service providers such as social workers and guidance/family counselors to provide adequate counseling to married couples. The goal of promoting resilience, strengthening relationships, and supporting the well-being of married couples and their families in diverse cultural contexts underscores the importance of social service research in addressing complex social issues and improving outcomes for individuals and communities. Future research should expand to include larger and more diverse populations and assess the longitudinal effects of social service programs on marital stability in Southeast Nigeria.

"One man, one life, one marriage": A qualitative analysis of Hmong women's divorce experiences.

Despite the rising divorce rates in some immigrant communities in the US, there has been scant scholarly attention on how immigrants experience divorce, particularly on the role of culture in the divorce process. The primary goal of the present study was to explore the diverse divorce experiences of Hmong immigrants in the United States. As a patrilineal and patriarchal community, divorce is generally frowned upon, with Hmong women often experiencing shame and stigma. A narrative design with nine Hmong women was used to capture their intricate stories that highlight such experiences. Using a thematic analysis, our findings highlighted the complexity and cultural nuances the women in our sample encountered from initiating divorce to the divorce itself: (1) No wants a divorce, (2) Divorce is the "last straw", (3) Varying divorce pathways, and (4) Navigating systems as a Hmong woman. For those who have increased knowledge of both the US American court system and divorce laws along with the traditional Hmong mediations, they may be more equipped in navigating systems. Yet as Hmong divorce practices are performed by Hmong men, Hmong women may struggle with finding their voice or support needed to advocate for their divorce. In such cases, the US court system may be more appealing in assisting their cause (e.g., custody). Professionals working with such communities should be culturally aware and attuned to the different marriage and divorce practices to understand both cultural and legal barriers for those seeking a divorce.

The Impact of Parental Divorce on Children's Mental Health

The rising divorce rate has become the norm in modern society. This trend leads to many children of divorced families having certain psychological problems. This review aims to understand the causes and effects of these problems. These problems are likele to have an impact on teenagers in the long term. The psychological effects of the parents' marital status on the children tend to have a certain negative impact on the children's future. Parents' divorce can lead to certain negative psychological problems in children, but this effect may be not as serious as the media states. Some researchers have suggested that the treatment of parent-child relationship is appropriate to mitigate the negative effects of divorce on adolescents. To a certain extent, it helps the child develop resillience and other positive traits as well. At the same time, many research encourage society to be kind to the children of divorced families and accept the diversity of families.

What Happens in Pre-Marriage Counseling Rooms? Examining the Process of Pre-Marriage Counseling from the Perspective of Its Recipients

The rising divorce rates and declining marriage rates have increasingly highlighted the necessity of pre-marriage counseling. The aim of the present study was to conduct a qualitative examination of the pre-marriage counseling process from the perspective of individuals who received such counseling in the city of Isfahan. This qualitative research was carried out using thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2006). The study population consisted of individuals who had received pre-marriage counseling at counseling centers in Isfahan. The participants were purposively selected from those who had received pre-marriage counseling and had subsequently married based on that counseling. Data collection was conducted through semi-structured interviews containing questions related to the pre-marriage counseling experience. Qualitative data from the interviews were analyzed using Braun and Clarke's (2006) six-phase method. The results revealed that pre-marriage counseling comprises four main categories: assessment, education, advice, and conclusion, each containing subcategories, and these categories occur in a systematic process during counseling. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that although counselors may use different materials, tools, and methods in the pre-marriage counseling process, a specific pattern dominates the counseling process.

Unmarried births: Accounting and equilibrium analysis, 1960-1995

The share of births to unmarried women in the U.S. rose well above 30% in the 1990s, despite unmarried women having greater access to abortion and improved birth control. We show that an equilibrium matching model in which unmarried couples behave co-operatively can explain 97% of the rise in the UMB ratio as the response to a combination of well-documented shocks: rising divorce rates, access to abortion, and improved contraception. Equilibrium interactions among these factors are important; had the marital surplus remained constant, very little change in unmarried births would have occurred. We also find that reforms reversing accessibility of birth control or abortion would on their own do little to reverse these social trends.

Gaps in education and marital dissolution: Evidence from India

AbstractIndia has had a low divorce rate only recently, but the divorce rate is rising following the international trend. The rising divorce rate has gained considerable attention among social scientists. The paper identifies gaps in spouses’ educational attainment as a potential cause of rising failed marriages in India. Using a nationally representative large survey dataset, namely the fourth round of the District Level Household Survey, we show that the likelihood of divorce and separation is higher among women who are comparatively more educated than their partners. Moreover, the likelihood increases as the positive education gap increases. The incidences of divorce are significant among those residing in rural areas, educated up to secondary and beyond, and unemployed despite being more educated than their husbands. Although the results show that women are gaining autonomy in deciding whether to move out of marriages, the government must provide free education for women, at least up to the secondary standard, as being more educated than their partner does not provide them the autonomy to dissolve their marriages unless they are educated at least up to secondary standard.

Divorce Contribution During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Banjarmasin City

The Covid-19 epidemic has influenced numerous facets of human existence. There are a large number of layoffs which has a negative economic impact on the family. According to data made accessible by the Banjarmasin Religious Court, the divorce rate increased from 13729 cases in 2020 to 1652 cases in 2021. This study intended to identify the contribution to the cause of divorce in Banjarmasin during the Covid-19 pandemic. The method employed was empirical legal research, and the approaches were legal sociology and legal psychology. The results revealed that the covid-19 pandemic has contributed to the rising divorce rate. Economic issues, domestic abuse, and the presence of a third party are the leading causes of divorce. In addition, this study indicated that husbands were victims of domestic violence.

Parental Equality in the European Human Rights Regime: Does European Human Rights Law Allow for Mothers and Fathers to be Evaluated by Different Standards in the Context of Custody Disputes?

The rise in divorce rates around Europe has led to an increase in custody cases before national and international courts. In these challenging and often volatile cases, rights of children and parents are simultaneously at stake, rendering decision-making at the courts a highly delicate balancing act. Debates regarding custody policies have been characterized by changing gender roles and a battle for equality, while gender-based parenting roles have become less distinct. This raises questions with regards to the perceived divide between mothers and fathers in family adjudication. The aim of this article is to identify what European human rights law has to say with regards to parental equality in custody disputes, and to what extent it leaves room for parents to be evaluated by different standards. Two main factors are brought forward: contemporary values and perceptions of parenthood, and the indeterminacy of the best interests of the child. The effects of these two factors are analyzed in the context of case law of the European Court of Human Rights and the Court of Justice of the European Union. The article argues that differing evaluation of mothers and fathers in custody-related disputes is, to a certain degree, allowed by the European human rights regime, whenever such difference is deemed justified by the best interests of the child.

Does economic stress matter for the rising divorce rate in China? A provincial perspective

Purpose: Marriage is an infinite bond between two partners that can be caused to fail by several factors. Economic stress leads to psychological stress and in some cases, marriage dissolution. The current study investigates the impact of economic stress (measured by the unemployment rate and inflation rate) on divorce rates using Chinese province-level panel data from 2010 to 2019.
 Design/Methodology/Approach: The panel fixed effects (FE) model, panel random effects (RE) model, and fixed effects- Driscoll and Kraay standard errors (DKSE) model were used for empirical analysis.
 Findings: The research findings support the hypothesized economic stress theory of divorce by Reuben Hill. According to the empirical findings, economic stress indicators such as unemployment and inflation have a positive and significant impact on the divorce rate in China and its regions. Furthermore, urbanization, education and mobile phone variables have a positive relationship with divorce rates except for children’s dependency.
 Contribution to literature: Taking into account both parties' perspectives, this study contributes to the existing literature by looking at economic stress in the context of divorce. We are particularly interested in how economic stress affected the marriage relationship's quality. We investigated the relationship between the unemployment rate, inflation rate and divorce rate in China's 31 provinces for the period 2010-2019. The entire sample is then separated into three sub-samples: Eastern China, Central China and Western China.

구조방정식모형(SEM)을 활용한 중국 이혼율 영향 요인 분석 연구

In recent years, the divorce rate for China has been rising year by year. Based on the crude divorce rate from 2001 to 2019, this paper selects four groups of Heilongjiang, Shanxi and Guangdong, where the total divorce rate and the total divorce rate of China are high, medium and low respectively, and explores the reasons for the rising divorce rate of China from three aspects of economy, education and population composition. Compare the provinces with high divorce rate and low divorce rate at the same time, and analyze the reasons and geographical differences of rising divorce rate. This paper is mainly divided into two parts.
 The first part is the comparison of differences between four groups based on multivariate statistical analysis, and the second part is structural equation model analysis. The first part is mainly descriptive statistics and variance analysis of all groups in China, Shaanxi, Guangdong and Heilongjiang, to confirm whether there are differences among the four groups. Then, profile analysis was conducted to compare the whole in China and Shaanxi province with the median divorce rate, as well as heilongjiang Province with the high divorce rate and Guangdong Province with the low divorce rate. In the second part of structural equation model analysis, first of all, the factors affecting the divorce rate were analyzed. Secondly, through the structural equation model analysis, the effect of economic and social development characteristics and modernization characteristics and fertility on divorce rates between Heilongjiang Province, the average Shanxi Province, and low Guangdong Province is verified and concluded. Through a variety of analyses, this paper draws a conclusion that the divorce rate for China is greatly influenced by social development characteristics and modernization characteristics and fertility.
 However, there is little difference in the influence factors of the three provinces of China.

Mothers' parenting stress, depression, marital conflict, and marital satisfaction: The moderating effect of fathers' empathy tendency

BackgroundThe decreased marriage satisfaction has become one of the main reasons for the rising divorce rate. However, few studies have focused on the relationship between mother's parenting stress, mental health, and marriage satisfaction. This study addressed this research gap by examining the direct influence of mothers’ parental stress on their marital satisfaction, and the indirect influence of depression and marital conflict. Additionally, we explored the moderating effect of fathers’ empathy tendency. MethodsUsing a sample of parenting couples in Southwest China (n = 2,979) to conduct a questionnaire survey, a moderated mediation analysis was performed to simultaneously analyze the chain mediation of depression and marital conflict, and the moderating role of fathers’’ empathy. ResultsThe mother's childcare pressure was negatively correlated with marital satisfaction (β = -0.478, p < 0.001). Depression and marital conflict have a chain mediating effect in explaining the relationship between mothers’’ parenting stress and marital satisfaction (b = -0.064, 95% CI [-0.075, -0.053]). It is important to note that fathers with cognitive empathy can alleviate depression and marital conflict caused by the mothers’ parental stress and a decrease in marital satisfaction, while fathers with high empathy can exacerbate these negative effects. ConclusionThe study's findings identify the serious impact of contemporary female parenting pressure on marital satisfaction and confirm the important role of husbands’ empathy. LimitationsThe scope of the survey is single, the parenting period is not staged, and there may be limitations such as overlapping stressors, which can be corrected in future research.

Three decades of gender and education differentials in attitudes toward divorce in Taiwan, 1985–2015

ABSTRACT Rising rates of divorce in Taiwan prompted debates over changes in the meaning of family, which must be understood alongside changes in attitudes toward divorce. The diffusion and lagged diffusion theories offer competing hypotheses regarding divorce attitude change by education and gender over time. Using the Taiwanese Social Change Survey, this study examines the trends in attitudes toward divorce in Taiwan over three decades (1985–2015). We test the diffusion and lagged diffusion theories by examining the relationships between higher educational attainment, gender, and attitudes towards divorce. We find that Taiwanese men and women became more open toward divorce in general along with higher education expansion. Increased acceptance toward divorce is more substantial for the college educated than those without, and college-educated women are more open to divorce than are college-educated men. The results support the diffusion theory and highlight the importance of education and gender in shaping attitude shift.

Our Generation at Risk: Tale of Disintegrated Families’ Children in Areas of Pakistan- A Review

Constitutional Protection has been given to marriages and families throughout the world, to give healthy milieu for nurturing and fostering positive attitude among children. Unfortunately, lack of patience, an absence of compromise, prevalent greed and other such reasons has increased matrimony challenges throughout the world and has shown a rise in divorce rates. The purpose of this paper is to find out consequences faced by children of disintegrated families in Pakistan and to suggest remedies to overcome these concerns among children. Conclusions are made on the basis of narrative literature review to highlight consequences and solutions. Increase in divorce rate is also getting common in Pakistan and has brought poor development in children’s growth, adding negative factors in children’s personalities. The results are worse if domestic violence and continuous conflicts amongst parents take place. Such children develop psychopathological disorders which continue throughout their lives. Matrimony challenges have influenced dropout rate throughout the world including Pakistan and have resulted in the decline in literacy rate in a new generation. Moreover, in the case of parental separation, kids have additional freedom to indulge in social networking sites, leading to the attainment of undesirable characters in their personalities, which later surges into acts of delinquency and crime. In order to overcome such weaknesses developed in children due to lack of parental attention, some remedial strategies such as adults’ supervision, counseling session, strong policies, financial assistance, government support etc are suggested in later part of this research.

When the State Retreats: Work Units, Marital Regulation, and Rising Divorce Rates in China

The high and rising divorce rate in China is not easily reconciled with traditional theories that emphasize the role of modernization in changing family life. By reformulating the state social engineering theory, this paper argues that the retreat of the state from private life has contributed to China's rising divorce rates in the past four decades. A divorce reform that simplified divorce procedures and the declining significance of the work unit are two mechanisms through which the retreating state may influence divorce rates. Results from a province-level panel data set suggest that a smaller share of employment in state and collective work units is associated with higher divorce rates. The diminishing function of institutional control accounts for the effect of the work unit on rising divorce rates.

Love at second sight: remarriages in Turkish and Moroccan communities in Belgium

ABSTRACT This paper provides insight into remarriages amongst Turkish and Moroccan Belgians. Although the issue of remarriage is of particular relevance, given the rising divorce rates that have been observed amongst these groups in recent decades, it remains largely understudied. We examine remarriage rates and patterns of partner choice in second marriages, taking into account partner-choice patterns in first marriages. We analysed data from the Belgian national register, using piecewise constant log-rate event-history analyses with effect coding on all first marriages that ended in divorce between 1 January 2001 and 1 January 2009. In the second phase of the analysis, which focuses on partner choice in the second marriage, we selected only those respondents who had remarried. Our results indicate that the recent transition in marital behaviour (e.g. lower levels of transnational marriage and higher levels of mixed marriages) has not (yet) been replicated in second marriages. Transnational remarriage is by far the most preferred partner choice, especially amongst former marriage migrants. Especially for them, the access to the local marriage market seems to be restricted, steering them towards the transnational marriage market.

Factors Pertaining To Rising Divorce Rate and Its Consequences on The Family Culture Of Pakistan: A Qualitative Study

Objective: To explore and identify factors attributing towards the rising divorce rate in Pakistan and its consequences. Materials and methods: In-depth semi structured interviews were conducted from 17 divorced participants, five out of which were males. The participants were chosen from Karachi, Lahore, Peshawar and Islamabad. Interviews were conducted via email, telephone and face-to-face meeting. Results: Findings from the interviews highlighted partner violence, sexual dysfunction, in-laws interference and temperamental incompatibility were the most common causes of divorce. Moreover, consequences of divorce included depression and loneliness, and financial and accommodation issues. It was further found that it was difficult for the divorcees to judge and trust the new person requesting marriage proposal. Another major problem found was the child custody in which usually the males have to give up their children to their mothers. Finally, it was found that children too have to go through psychological issues after their parents separate. Conclusions: Divorce is an unwanted and undesired act of termination of marriage which brings a flood of financial, social and personal issues to divorcees. Divorce has adverse consequences on both males and females such as financial crisis, psychological issues and emotional breakdown. Children suffer emotionally in the absence of either of parents.

Gender responsiveness in the counseling sessions of the Empowerment and Welfare Organization (PKK) in an attempt to increase family resilience in Cilacap Regency

This research, which was conducted in Cilacap Regency, aimed to study the level of gender responsivity in the counseling sessions ran by the Empowerment and Welfare Organization (hereafter, PKK) at the sub-district and village/urban village levels for society members focused on where the divorce rate is high, particularly those where the divorces were fled by the wives. The research approach was a mixed methodology, implementing both quantitative and qualitative methods at the same time. The samples were taken from three sub-districts which had recorded the highest divorce rates recently. The research population was all of the committee members of PKK in the three sub-districts and villages, which consisted of 180 people. The data were obtained from a questionnaire and focus group discussion, analyzed using descriptive statistics, and refined by gender perspectives. The findings showed that the committee members’ understanding of divorce, family resilience, and gender issues in Cilacap was relatively low. This then affected gender responsivity in their counseling sessions. Low gender responsiveness was signaled by gender stereotyping in relation to targeting the counseling participants (only for the females/wives in each district, without involving the male group at all). Moreover, the counseling materials have not alluded to the rising divorce issue in these areas. As a result, this issue has not received enough attention, particularly among males/husbands. This is even though there are various forums in the neighborhood (RT) and hamlet (RW) levels (in which the major participants are males/husbands) which can accommodate them, raising awareness of these issues and trying to find solutions. Such conditions cannot be separated from the centralized organizational structure of PKK, in which these activities are decided by policies at the regency, province, and central governmental levels. There are no specific policies at the central government level for the prevention and treatment of divorce issues; hence, these issues have not received an adequate amount of attention in the areas with a high divorce rate. PKK at the regency level is more focused on the socialization of parenting patterns, which is also emphasized at the provincial level. As a result, PKK at the regency level has no accurate data on the rising divorce rate within the stated areas.

What does a family environment mean within hospitality establishments?

The exclusion of children from hospitality establishments is not new. Not all cultures or properties exclude children, but the cultivation and advertisement of a family environment at properties that do is a topic worthy of further consideration.&#x0D; Some luxury properties are projecting a family environment while excluding children, which proposes a new definition of what a ‘family environment’ means and speculation about how such properties achieve this environment. The traditional view of ‘family’ has changed over time, and what is defined as family has also changed. One of these changes is that ‘family’ has morphed into ‘families’ in order to encompass new perceptions of the composition of the ‘family’ [1]. In addition, in many cultures, for example Italian, East Asian and Māori, the extended family rather than the traditional nuclear family is considered the basic unit [2]. The decrease or demise of the nuclear family is accredited to the rise in divorce rates, which has resulted in new forms of family units being formed. However, even though families are splitting and reforming after divorce, linkages through children remain [3]. The term ‘families’ is commonly defined as ‘multigenerational social groups’ comprised of at least one child and one adult [4].&#x0D; While conducting interpretivist research on the creation of luxury accommodation experiences, qualitative data were collected from interviews with 81 participants (managers, employees and guests) at six luxury properties in New Zealand. Out of the six properties (classified as three luxury hotels and three luxury lodges), one did not accommodate children (a luxury lodge). Findings of the research revealed the theme of ‘family’ as important to all of the properties, even the property that was ‘childfree’. This raises the question of whether children need to be present before a ‘family environment’ can be experienced within those hospitality establishments.&#x0D; All the managers and employees interviewed in the research felt that guests wanted the feeling of being surrounded by family or of being part of a family. Managers and employees acknowledged that in lodges there is a smaller number of service personnel and, at the same time, a higher staff to guest ratio. The service personnel depend on each other and develop close teams, which are like families, in order to produce an outstanding experience for their guests. Managers and employees are closer to their guests in lodges due to guests dining on the premises two if not three times in the day, and managers often dine with the guests in their capacity as hosts, enabling them to build relationships with guests by engaging in conversation during these times. Guests, themselves, felt that staff treated them like family or made them feel part of the lodge family. They also commented that there was a feeling of family between the managers and staff and that they displayed those family bonds.&#x0D; It has been suggested that the exclusion of children from some hospitality establishments is perhaps so they can concentrate on the niche market of ‘adult-only’. Advantages of this focus are that it is not necessary to provide amenities and activities that are targeted at children and a premium price can be charged for the exclusivity of being an ‘adult-only’ establishment. Adult-only hotels can be dated back to the 1960s when Club Med was targeting singles [5]. In the 1980s, the hotel chain Sandals started luring Americans to Mexico and the Caribbean with adult-only packages and specific catering for couples [5].&#x0D; The research suggests that projecting a family environment is now being used by luxury accommodation providers as a metaphorical term about the intimate attention that can be co-created in the accommodation servicescape through accommodation staff forming ‘special relationships’ with their guests in order to personalise their service. In this light, perhaps it is time to reconsider the nature of family-oriented accommodation in the sector, and to investigate how properties offer a ‘family-like’ environment that makes customers feel ‘part of the family’ while excluding children.&#x0D; Corresponding author&#x0D; Tracy Harkison can be contacted at: tracy.harkison@aut.ac.nz&#x0D; References&#x0D; (1) Dumon, W. The Situation of Families in Western Europe: A Sociological Perspective. In The Family on the Threshold of the 21st Century; Dreman S, Ed.; Lawrence Erlbaum Associates: London, 1997; chapt. 11.&#x0D; (2) Robinson, E. Refining our Understanding of Family Relationships. Family Matters 2009, 82, 5–7.&#x0D; (3) Schänzel, H.A.; Yeoman, I. Trends in Family Tourism. Journal of Tourism Futures 2015, 1(2), 141–147. https://doi.org/10.1108/JTF-12-2014-0006&#x0D; (4) Schänzel, H.A. Whole-Family Research: Towards a Methodology in Tourism for Encompassing Generation, Gender, and Group Dynamic Perspectives. Tourism Analysis 2010, 15(5), 555–569. https://doi.org/10.3727/108354210X12889831783314&#x0D; (5) Divac, N. These German Vacationers Don't Take Kindly to the Kinder – Youngsters are Verboten as Hotels Seek Tranquility for Guests; No Cannonballs in Pool. Wall Street Journal, Feb 1, 2016; https://www.wsj.com/articles/for-these-german-vacationers-kids-are-verboten-1454288459 (accessed Mar 20, 2017).