Ring Of Steel Research Articles

The Fortress: The Siege of Przemyśl and the Making of Europe's Bloodlands

The Fortress: The Siege of Przemyśl and the Making of Europe's Bloodlands

Post-trabeculectomy early bleb localization mimicking a 'ring of steel'.

A 54-year-old-man underwent trabeculectomy with mitomycin-C (0.02%). At 4-week follow-up, there was an elevated, well-circumscribed bleb with raised intra-ocular pressure (IOP) of 32-mmHg, with a classic “ring of steel” appearance, typically seen in a tenon's cyst. A sub-tenon needle revision re-established aqueous flow. Two weeks later, the IOP was 8-mmHg without any anti-glaucoma medications. A diffuse well formed bleb was noted. Careful ocular examination helps to identify early post-operative localized bleb that may appear like a “ring of steel” but can be managed by needling, unlike a tenon's cyst, which would require more extensive intervention.

Tribological performance of high-strength cast iron in lubricated contact containing carbon black

It is well-known that diesel engines generate soot during the combustion process, leading to a higher level of pollutant emissions and severe wear of contact surfaces in relative motion, resulting in worse engine performance. Carbon black has been used in laboratory wear tests to simulate soot in engine components such as piston rings and cylinder liners. However, there are still many questions to be answered, especially concerning the interaction between the particles, lubricants, and surface topography in contact. In the past years, compacted graphite iron (CGI) has been substituting grey cast irons in engine blocks because of its improved mechanical properties, resulting in thinner walls for lighter blocks and improving engines' performance. However, CGI's tribological behavior of higher strength grades has been scarcely studied due to its production cost and complexity. In the present study, two CGIs of high strength (JV450 and JV500 – ISO 16112/2017) were used as cylinder liners on ring-on-cylinder lubricated wear tests a CETR-UMT-Bruker tribometer. The cylinders' surfaces were honed to a plateau finishing, and the counterbody used was a commercial compression ring of nitrided stainless steel. Carbon black particles were added to commercial SAE CF-30 lubricant, simulating the presence of soot. The testing load and oil temperature were 175 N and 100 °C, respectively, creating a severe wear condition. Roughness measurements using interferometry were performed on the worn surfaces to compare with the plateau's topography and roughness parameters honing texture. The variation of structure height was used as the indicative of liner wear. Results showed almost the same coefficient of friction (COF) for all tested conditions. Still, the reason for each case was different, the ejection of graphite during sliding being more critical for JV450 iron. The carbon black was able to change the contact conditions. The high-strength GJV500 iron performed better, considering a tribological merit index (TMI), less sensitive to the presence of carbon black in the lubricant oil.

Deeds, Not Words: The Suffragettes and Early Terrorism in the City of London

The City of London still provides us with a very visible, physical representation of policing’s response to the IRA’s mainland bombing campaign of the 1990s: the chicanes, police boxes and CCTV cameras at its entry points that collectively form its protective ‘Ring of Steel’. Terrorism though had announced its arrival in the City some 20 years before the bombs at St Mary Axe and Bishopsgate, with the detonation of an IRA car bomb outside the Old Bailey in 1973 — or so living memory would have us believe. Two seemingly innocuous artefacts in the City of London Police Museum — a milk-can and a Keen’s mustard tin — help give the lie to this perception and provide us with tangible evidence of an earlier, often overlooked bombing campaign. These two everyday household items once contained ‘infernal machines’ — or bombs — that were planted at iconic locations in the City in 1913, but which failed to explode. All the facts point to the would-be bombers being supporters of the Suffragette movement. This article examines the story and significance of the milk-can and mustard tin bombs and the way in which those fighting for women’s suffrage made use of such explosive devices to further their cause. It will explore the similarities and differences between their actions and other terror campaigns that targeted the capital and the ‘establishment’.

The Ring of Steel: Extraterritorial Migration Controls in Indonesia and Libya and the Complicity of Australia and Italy

Abstract This article provides an analysis of cooperative non-entrée policies in Australia and Italy. Through their funding, training and interception activities, Australia and Italy have aided and assisted Indonesia and Libya, respectively, in the commission of a number of internationally wrongful acts against refugees and migrants. These wrongful acts include refoulement; arbitrary detention; violations of the right to life; cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment or punishment; and violations of the right to leave. These human rights violations benefit Australia and Italy by preventing refugees and migrants from entering Australian and Italian territory. They are extensively reported and widely known. Neither Australia nor Italy can claim ignorance of the circumstances of these acts. In the light of this analysis, it is argued that, under Article 16 of the Articles on the Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts, Australia and Italy are therefore responsible for their complicity in human rights violations in Indonesia and Libya, respectively.

MORONI'S TAILOR

7 5 R M O R O N I ’ S T A I L O R P H I L L I S L E V I N Il Tagliapanni (c. 1570) giovanni battista moroni On a black cloth, a line of chalk Marks the course my scissors must follow. You follow its path, dabbing At your palette, tending to my likeness Faithfully, until stepping back into the light Taking you farther each day From the weight of your father’s toolbox: Chisels and mallet set in separate chambers, Plans translated by sweat into columns, arches, Turrets, tombs. Your unerring hand Proves you are his son, though you combine Powder and oil instead of sand and lime – And you abide by a tempo that dwells Not in the ring of steel on marble, but a bell Calling the quarter-hour, thickening the air The people of Albino move within Before dispersing, going home to evening prayer, Yielding to pigeons that occupy the square, Waves of them changing patterns at every Turn, as if design, not direction, Were all that matters. You prefer to face Each face alone: a gentleman in pink brocade 7 6 Y Standing with a sword by a ruined wall, A lady in solemn jet Whose finger keeps her place in a book of verse Written by another noble sitter (in the gray Lining of her sleeve, the layer Of lace at his wrist, my skill As well as yours resides). You would rather Alter an angle to sharpen character, Render a gaze defying decay, disarming Any of us who enter where they Live on, carrying their immaculate dignity Into our uncertain future. Bergamo is falling To strangers, the Republic divided, Even the churches are not free of blood. You lean your canvas on an easel, I stretch my fabric on a table. You dress them In the Spanish fashion, cutting darkness From darkness. So do I. Here is material fit for a man Who stays away from the clash of knives, Avoids an oath that could end in war Or the stain of exile. Today, Giovanni, I prepare the cloth: you have given My semblance a soul, done justice to my form, Shown the bare room where I reign – But see to the ruΔe at my throat So they know how far I have come. (Better To remain in Albino, beyond the noise of fame.) Aloof as a courtesan, Venice once Displayed herself to me in an alley 7 7 R Where I met a merchant selling the finest silk: Visible from the door of his little shop, An immense flag billowed on a façade Across the canal, a stone’s throw From where I stood. I paused at the same spot Later, savoring my acquisition, a weave Embroidered with silver thread. But the banner beckoned – liquid In the wind, then familiar. It was the crest Of your favorite patron, whose doublet Needed new buttons for Carnival (I saved a piece of velvet for them). When I couldn’t reach the palace on foot Or find a gondolier to row me there, That rippling emblem, mutable As flame, mutable as water, Seemed like a garment meant for a time Hereafter. Obscurity may be no more Than a phantom obstruction, my friend, An error of sight, just as a shadow May cast the shape of a chasm, Portending depth though nothing is below. Today my scissors follow the chalk, Tomorrow I will help you make your name. ...

Alexander Watson. Ring of Steel: Germany and Austria-Hungary in World War I .

Alexander Watson. <i>Ring of Steel: Germany and Austria-Hungary in World War I</i> .

Alexander Watson, Ring of Steel: Germany and Austria-Hungary at War, 1914–1918. London, Basic Books 2014

Alexander Watson, Ring of Steel: Germany and Austria-Hungary at War, 1914–1918. London, Basic Books 2014

Review of 'Ring of Steel: Germany and Austria-Hungary, 1914-1918'

Review of 'Ring of Steel: Germany and Austria-Hungary, 1914-1918'

Ring of steel: Germany and Austria-Hungary in World War I, the people's war

Ring of steel: Germany and Austria-Hungary in World War I, the people's war

Deposition From a Sour Heavy Oil Under Incipient Coking Conditions: Effect of Surface Materials and Temperature

Fouling in vacuum tower furnaces has been a great challenge in refineries. At the elevated temperatures of these units, coke deposition is common. For sour oils, iron sulfide also accumulates in the carbonaceous deposits, arising from iron dissolved in the feed or from corrosion of metal surfaces. In this work, the combined fouling mechanism is investigated using an atmospheric tower bottom stream which contains 4.1 wt.% sulfur, and 744 wppm dissolved iron. Isothermal deposition experiments running for 6–24 hours have been carried out on a rotating cylinder in a 600-ml batch reactor, at bulk temperatures of 380–410°C and cylinder rotation speeds of 300 rpm. A ring of either carbon steel or alloy is mounted in the cylinder to serve as a corroding or noncorroding surface, respectively. After each experiment, the thickness and weight of deposit on the metal ring are determined. The compositions of deposit are characterized. The rates of deposit formation on the ring and the deposit composition are reported as functions of temperature for a number of metal surfaces. Radial profiles of deposit composition are presented. The probable fouling mechanisms are discussed, based on the present results.

Probabilistic Thermal and Electromagnetic Analyses of Subsea Solenoid Valves for Subsea Blowout Preventers

A prototype of subsea solenoid valve for subsea blowout preventers is designed and manufactured. The deterministic and probabilistic thermal and electromagnetic finite element analyses are performed by using ANSYS software. The effects of uncertainties of five material properties, four physical dimensions and an applied voltage on the maximum temperature within the valve and the electromagnetic force with a given air gap are researched by means of Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) and response surface method (RSM). The thermal and electromagnetic experiments were done to validate the finite element analysis results. The results show that the radius of magnetic ring, applied voltage and thermal conductivity of 440C stainless steel have significant effects on the maximum temperature of subsea solenoid valve. The radius of plunger and inside radius of plunger sleeve have significant effects on the electromagnetic force of subsea solenoid valve. The results of finite element analysis and thermal and electromagnetic experiments indicate good matches. Therefore, the probabilistic finite element analysis shows its advantages in improving the development process and performance of subsea solenoid valves.

Wear Resistance of High Frequency Pulse Electroplating Ni-SiC Nano-Composite Coating

The Ni-SiC nano-composite coatings were prepared on the ring of stainless steel by using of high frequency pulse electroplating. Orthogonal experiment was used to study optimal dosage of the dispersant. The effect of some factors, such as current density, pH value, temperature , addition agent and so on, were studied. The characterization of Ni-SiC nano-composite coatings were studied by wear test. The effect of pulse frequency and the SiC concentration in the electrolyte on the wear resistance of Ni-SiC nano-composite coatings were studied. The morphology of the nano-composite coatings in wear test before and after were analyzed by SEM and the metaloscope photographs. The results show that Ni-SiC nano-composite coatings of high frequency pulse electroforming have better performance of wear resistance.

Bleb Morphology Characteristics and Effect on Positional Intraocular Pressure Variation

To study bleb morphology and positional intraocular pressure (IOP) change (IOP supine to IOP sitting). In this observational case series, blebs were graded for height, extent, vascularity, microcysts, and "ring of steel." Positional IOP change was analyzed using the paired t test. Associations between IOP change and bleb morphologies were evaluated by regression adjusting for inter-eye dependency. Ninety-five eyes of 68 subjects were included. Decreased bleb height (P = .05), absence of microcysts (P = .02), and increased bleb vascularity (P = .02) were associated with larger positional IOP change. Twenty patients with a filter in one eye and a medically treated fellow eye had larger positional IOP change in the medically treated eye (6.1 vs 4.6 mm Hg, respectively; P = .01). Successful filtration surgery results in both lower IOP and less positional IOP change compared with medically treated eyes. Bleb features associated with smaller positional IOP change include higher elevation, microcysts, and less vascularity.

Ring of steel II - New York City gets set to replicate London's high-security zone

Using London's ring of steel as a model, New York City has announced its plan to install more than 500 cameras around the city and pushing for its own sophisticated security system to protect lower Manhattan. Originally designed to monitor traffic entering the city and stop suspicious vehicles, the ring of steel has become a major deterrent for certain types of crime, especially with advances in pattern recognition technologies and the availability of more powerful computers.

Cities, war, and terrorism: towards an urban geopolitics

List of Plates. List of Figures. List of Tables. List of Contributors. Series Editorsa Preface. Preface. Introduction: Cities, Warfare, and States of Emergency: Stephen Graham (University of Durham). Part I: Cities, and in History and Theory. 1 Cities as Strategic Sites : Place Annihilation and Urban Geopolitics: Stephen Graham (University of Durham). 2 The City--as--Target, or Perpetuation and Death: Ryan Bishop and Gregory Clancey (National University of Singapore National University of Singapore). 3 Shadow Architectures : War, Memories, and Berlin's Futures: Simon Guy (University of Newcastle). 4 Another Anxious Urbanism: Simulating Defence and Disaster in Cold America: Matthew Farish (University of Toronto). 5 Living (Occasionally Dying) Together in an Urban World: Zygmunt Bauman (University of Leeds and the University of Warsaw). 6 Everyday Techniques as Extraordinary Threats: Urban Technostructures and Nonplaces in Terrorist Actions: Timothy W. Luke (Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in Blacksburg, Virginia). Part II: Urbicide and the Urbanization of Warfare. 7 New Wars of the City : Relationships of a Urbicidea and a Genocidea : Martin Shaw (University of Sussex). 8 Urbicide in Bosnia: Martin Coward (University of Sussex). 9 Strategic Points, Flexible Lines, Tense Surfaces and Political Volumes: Ariel Sharon and The Geometry of Occupation: Eyal Weizmann (an architect based in Tel Aviv and London). 10 Constructing Urbicide by Bulldozer in the Occupied Territories: Stephen Graham. 11 City Streets -- The Zones of Globalisation: Democracy and Military Operations in Urban Terrain in the Early 21st Century: Robert Warren (University of Delaware). 12 Continuity and Discontinuity : The Grammar of Urban Military Operations : Alice Hills (King's College, London). Part III: Exposed Cities : Urban Impacts of and the 'War on Terror'. 13 Urban Warfare: A Tour of the Battlefield: Michael Sorkin (CCNY). 14 The War on Terrorism and Life in Cities after September 11, 2001: Peter Marcuse (Columbia University in New York City). 15 Recasting the 'Ring of Steel': Designing Out in the City Of London? Jon Coaffee (University of Newcastle). 16 Technology vs. 'Terrorism': Circuits of City Surveillance Since September 11: David Lyon (Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario). 17 Urban Dimensions of the Punishment of Afghanistan by U.S. Bombs: Marc W. Herold (University of New Hampshire in Durham). Epilogue: Stephen Graham. Bibliography. Index

2209 メカニカルアロイング粉末を用いて表面改質したマグネシウム合金の摩耗特性(S28-2 粉末成形とその評価(2),S28 粉末成形とその評価)

Aluminum powders were mixed to magnesium (AZ31) chips with various contents and then mechanically alloyed (MA) for 54ks. The obtained MA powder bonded to magnesium rod by compressive deformation for improvements of wear and corrosion properties. Ring of quench-hardened steel (SKD-11) was slid on bonded MA alloy surface under various conditions of sliding speed and normal force using ring-on-disk type wear tester. Friction and wear properties of MA alloy surface were investigated and they were compared with magnesium alloy (AZ31). Wear loss (worn volume) in the MA alloy surface decreases with increasing of Al content. The wear loss in Mg-61.5mol%Al MA alloy surface reaches to one third of the case of AZ31 alloy.

The mobile phone virus

‘Proof of concept’ – now there's an interesting service to humanity. Get yourself hired as a footman in Buckingham Palace and then return to the day job and write about your experience. Photograph President Bush standing at his bedroom window in Drumoland Castle in County Clare, finely attired in his vest. Scale two ‘ring of steel’ security fences around the House of Commons in London and climb Big Ben to fly your banner to full effect. Oh yes, and write a virus for the Symbian operating system that runs on Nokia Series 60 phones called Cabir1, aka SymbOS/Cabir.A, EPOC/Cabir.A, Worm.Symbian.Cabir.a, and send it to someone to prove that it can be done.

Morphing the counter-terrorist response: Beating the bombers in London’s financial heart

Since the 1970s Western governments have sought to defend selective urban areas from terrorist attack through a plethora of measures aimed at territorially controlling space both physically and technologically where the disruption to the orderly flow of commerce, or other activities, is minimized. Drawing on recent historical accounts, this paper seeks to track the changes to the landscape of Britain’s financial heart, the City of London, from the 1990s to the current day, as its leaders and security agents have sought to defend the area from terrorist attack through the construction of what is commonly referred to as the “ring of steel.”

Low pressure magnetic face seal introduced

Magtite is a new low-pressure rotary shaft seal from James Walker. It uses rare earth magnets to hold a carbon rotary face in positive sealing contact with an optically flat stationary ring of stainless steel. This is a short news story only. Visit www.worldpumps.com for the latest pump industry news.