Rigorous View Research Articles

Hermeneutics versus science in psychoanalysis: A rigorous humanistic view.

Hermeneutics versus science in psychoanalysis: A rigorous humanistic view.

Hermeneutics versus science in psychoanalysis: A rigorous humanistic view.

Hermeneutics versus science in psychoanalysis: A rigorous humanistic view.

The Long-Term Performance of Nuclear Waste Forms: Natural Materials - Three Case Studies

ABSTRACTNatural materials may be used to advantage in the evaluation of the long-term performance of nuclear waste forms. Three case studies are presented: (I) radiation effects in ceramic waste forms; (II) corrosion products of U02 under oxic conditions; (III) corrosion rate of nuclear waste glasses. For each case, a natural phase which is structurally and chemically analogous to the waste form is identified and used to evaluate the long-term behavior of a nuclear waste form. Short-term experimental results are compared to the observations made of analogous natural phases. The three case studies illustrate that results may range between providing fundamental data needed for the long-term evaluation of a waste form to only providing qualitative data of limited use. Although in the most rigorous view the long-term behaviour of a phase cannot be predicted, the correspondence between short-term experimental results and observations made of natural phases provides confidence in the “predicted” behavior of the waste form. The strength of this approach rests with the degree to which a mechanistic understanding of the phenomenon is attained.

The Grammar of Social Relations: The Major Essays of Louis Schneider.

This collection of the writings of Louis Schneider, an exceptionally gifted sociologist of religion the history of ideas, provides a sensitive but rigorous view of the place of ideas in social life. Di-vided according to the principal areas in which Schneider con-ducted research--history of social thought, principles of social the-ory, sociology of religion--are es-says on evolution, styles of re-search, and moral choice in human relations. His knowledge of systems of thought--dialec-tical, functional, and phenomenological--was peerless. The unifying theme in his work is the place of cultural formations in so-cial structures; as a result, his writings are alive with persons no less than systems.

Pilot Workload Factors in the Total Pilot-Vehicle-Task System

This paper is based on a current study of pilot workload models for crucial Navy flight tasks such as the carrier landing and high-speed, low-level navigation. The objective is to construct a more rigorous and complete view of the overall pilot-vehicle-task system in order to describe how facets of pilot workload can be associated with elements of the system. The purpose of the paper is to discuss workload features in a system context as a first step to developing a more thorough workload prediction process for the design and operation of aircraft.

Interview with Lee Talbot--World Conservation Requires Rigorous World Views by Ecologists

Interview with Lee Talbot--World Conservation Requires Rigorous World Views by Ecologists

Dual Mechanisms of Salt Uptake in Relation to Compartmentation and Long-Distance Transport

While investigations of salt transport continue to resemble the parable of the blind men and the elephant, many more hands have been laid on of late-in an increasingly sensitive manner-and in consequence a more cohe­ sive and rigorous view o f at l east the phenomenology o f salt transport in higher plants and algae is gradually emerging. The subject in general has been meticulously reviewed at frequent intervals (11, 15, 51, 56) . The r e­ cency of the latest published rev-iews and proceedings of symposia (67, 87) assures that few revelations are to be expected in these pages. Rather it will be my intention to examine a body of material in a personal, and henee a polarized, way, with the hope that such a presentation will elicit the appear­ ance of alternative views, and will help to crystallize, and perhaps in time resolve, many unsettled aspects of the problem. Thus the treatment will be more heuristic than complete, and many noteworthy contributions will be neglected. Where my views are contrary to those o f others, and part icularly where I invoke interpretations of their work not shared by the authors themselves, I would hope that our differences will lead to an ultimate under­ standing which will prove generally satisfying. It was intended originally to present a broad review encompassing sev­ eral areas in the field of salt uptake which have received major attention in the last years. However, to do so would unavoidably have led to superficial coverage, and the choice was made in favor of a more extensive treatment of a limited area, with the expectation that other aspects of the problem will be treated in depth in the future by other authors. Consequently, little will be said directly about recent excellent work pertaining to cell electropo­ tentials and ion transport in higher plant cells ( 16, 26, 34, 42, 62) , nor about investigations dealing wi th compartmentation, specific ion fluxes, and mem­ brane potentials in algal cells ( for example, 15, 18, 28-30, 63, 64, 84, 85) and higher plant cells ( 13, 32, 60, 72, 96) . Provocative work on the coupling of photo syn thesis to ion transport both in algae (64, 85, 86) and in higher plants (43, 44) will unhappily be slighted, as will the gravid relationship between ion uptake and organic acid synthesis (33, 70). Further, attention

The interdisciplinary curriculum

LIKE THE PROGRAMS of the United Nations, interdisciplinary courses offer obvious advantages in theory but in practice often founder on political realities. Sometimes they also work well. Following the analogy, the interdisciplinary idea appears to work most successfully when applied outside the sphere of influence of the science department, that is, in courses for the “nonscientist.” But the situation is more difficult with joint introductory courses for science majors; for these courses are besieged with the possessive instincts of science departments toward their majors and with the narrow curricular views of the separate disciplines. Not surprisingly, perhaps, physics departments have, in many instances, stood out as the “hard line” department. Their rigorous view of what students should learn has left course developers with a disciplinary lump in the interdisciplinary amalgam.