Right-sided Asymmetry Research Articles

The relationship between individual characteristics of interhemispheric asymmetry and cognitive style “impulsivity/reflectivity”

The article at the theoretical and empirical levels discusses the peculiarities of the relationship between functional asymmetries of the cerebral hemispheres of younger schoolchildren with the cognitive style « impulsivity-reflexivity. The main approaches to studying this issue in domestic and foreign studies are characterized, a conclusion is made about the relevance of its consideration. The study used the device Activacyometer-6 (Yu.A.Tsygareli) and the technique “Choosing a paired figure” (J.Kagan). The study made it possible to establish and clarify the existence of differences in the processing of information by the left and right hemispheres of the brain, as well as to confirm the existence of a certain connection between the functional asymmetry of the hemispheres with such manifestations of cognitive style as “impulsivity – reflexivity” In particular, it is given that the existence of individual differences (5% level is significant) in the speed of decision-making leads to the fact that children, who are characterized by left-sided hemispheric organization, have “reflexive” signs, make decisions slowly, are prone to analytical means of categorization, are more attentive to individual details, better control their behavior, use more productive means of solving problems and perform tasks with the least number of errors. On the contrary, children who have right-sided asymmetry demonstrate a thematic means of categorization, they are characterized by manifestations of impulsivity, they are less attentive, hyperactive in their actions, give very quick answers, most often focusing on the influence of momentary emotions. The investigation led to the conclusion that in certain conditions of uncertainty, when it is necessary to make the right choice from a number of alternatives, impulsive subjects made their choice quickly, without careful study of alternative options. In turn, reflective subjects, on the contrary, made their decisions on the basis of careful study of all. Pros and cons, while using more productive ways to solve problems.

Associations between caries experience and oral fluid mineral content among patients in Arctic Russia: a study in the Nenets Autonomous Area

The relationship between the intensity of caries and mineral composition of oral fluid in adolescents in the Arctic zone of Russia was investigated using the example of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug. This study included 171 healthy boys and girls aged 15–17 years. The intensity of caries was assessed using the index caries + fillings + extracted permanent teeth and its components. Unstimulated oral fluid was collected into sterile tubes. Sodium, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, and total and ionized calcium content and pH were examined in the oral fluid. Considering the pronounced right-sided asymmetry of the components of the index caries + fillings + extracted permanent teeth, calculations were performed using Poisson regression models. Results were presented as relative risks with 95% confidence intervals and as tests for trend. The prevalence of caries in the sample population did not differ by sex and was 87.8% for boys and 93.3% for girls (p = 0.221). On average, 1.8 carious teeth per person were detected in boys and 1.4 in girls (p = 0.021). No differences were found in the number of filled (p = 0.167) and extracted (p = 0.981) teeth. Additionally, the total sodium content in oral fluid was directly proportional to the index of caries + fillings + extracted permanent teeth (p = 0.040) and number of carious teeth (p 0.001). The total oral fluid calcium was significantly associated with both the caries + fillings + extracted permanent teeth index (p = 0.019) and number of filled teeth (p = 0.001). Inverse relationships were found between the number of filled teeth and magnesium (p = 0.028) and phosphorus (p = 0.037) content. The study showed the presence of statistically significant relationships between the mineral composition of oral fluid and index of caries + fillings + extracted permanent teeth and its components. Thus, unfavorable living conditions in the Arctic zone provide additional risk factors for the occurrence of dental diseases. The results of the study, if confirmed in other populations, can be used to develop models for predicting the development and progression of caries in adolescents of the Far North. Further studies of the mineral composition of oral fluid are required to obtain more complete clinical and laboratory data, considering confounding factors such as nutrition and type of filling material.

Temporal tau asymmetry spectrum influences divergent behavior and language patterns in Alzheimer‘s disease

Understanding the psychiatric symptoms of Alzheimer s disease (AD) is crucial for advancing precision medicine and therapeutic strategies. The relationship between AD behavioral symptoms and asymmetry in spatial tau PET patterns is not well-known. Braak tau progression implicates the temporal lobes early. However, the clinical and pathological implications of temporal tau laterality remain unexplored.This cross-sectional study investigated the correlation between temporal tau PET asymmetry and behavior assessed using the neuropsychiatric inventory and composite scores for memory, executive function, and language, using data from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) dataset. In the entire cohort, continuous right and left temporal tau contributions to behavior and cognition were evaluated, controlling for age, sex, education, and tau burden on the contralateral side. Additionally, a temporal tau laterality index was calculated to define “asymmetry-extreme” groups (individuals with laterality indices greater than two standard deviations from the mean).695 individuals (age = 73.9 ± 7.6 years, 372 (53.5 %) females) were included, comprising 281 (40%) cognitively unimpaired (CU) amyloid negative, 185 (27%) CU amyloid positive, and 229 (33%) impaired (CI) amyloid positive participants. In the full cohort analysis, right temporal tau was associated with worse behavior (B = 8.14, p-value = 0.007), and left temporal tau was associated with worse language (B = 1.4, p-value < 0.001). Categorization into asymmetry-extreme groups revealed 20 right- and 27 left-asymmetric participants. Within these extreme groups, there was additional heterogeneity along the anterior-posterior dimension.Asymmetrical tau burden is associated with distinct behavioral and cognitive profiles. Wide multi-cultural implementation of social cognition measures is needed to understand right-sided asymmetry in AD.

Reservoir properties of effusive rocks of the Muradkhanli field (Azerbaijan)

The presence of oil accumulations in igneous rocks has been known for quite a long time. Geologists estimate that oil reserves in eruptive and weathered metamorphic rocks reach 1 % of the world’s proven oil reserves. At the Shaimskoye field (Western Siberia), oil is found in the weathered granites of the basement. Oil has been found in eruptive rocks in Texas (USA) fields, the most famous of which is the Litton Springs field. Oil is found in metamorphosed shales in the western part of the Los Angeles basin, the porosity of which is caused by the development of cracks in the roof of crystalline shales. Petroleum is extracted from serpentinites in Cuba. Basic igneous rocks contain petroleum at the Ferbro field in Mexico.At the Khukhrinsky gas field, which islocated at the north-western end of the Dnieper-Donets depression, the crystalline basement rocks are oil and gas bearing, from which commercial hydrocarbon inflows have been obtained. In the White Tiger field (Bach Ho), located on the southern shelf of Vietnam, commercial oil accumulations are also found in crystalline basement rocks.&#x0D; At the Muradkhanli field in Azerbaijan, the industrial accumulation of petroleum belongs to the igneous rocks of the Upper Cretaceous age. The natural oil and gas reservoir of the Muradkhanli field is confined to the erosion zone of the upper part of the section of these rocks.&#x0D; This work aims to determine the reservoir properties of the rocks of the Muradkhanli deposit, which belong to igneous rocks, in different ways.&#x0D; The method of estimation of final oil recovery of complex structure reservoirs was proposed for useful capacity and oil recovery of homogeneous media; different variants of the volumetric method were used for reservoirs with complex structures of pore space filling a complex and heterogeneous natural reservoir; values of hydrocarbon reserves of increased and secondary capacity were calculated for the study interval; distributions of oil reserves with right-sided asymmetry, where Mo&lt;Me&lt;X, were presented; it was determined that in effusive cores oil saturation and fluid filtration are caused by tectonic fracturing and cavernousness.&#x0D; Permeability varies in a wide range: 0.73·10–15—1.31·10–15 m2; the largest specific fraction of crack density is in the range 0—0.1 cm/cm2, the average value is 0.29 cm/cm2, with crack depth they decrease from 0.9 to 0.1 cm/cm2.&#x0D; The studies have shown that the natural reservoir of oil and gas in the Muradhanli field is associated with the erosion zone of the upper part of the igneous rock section.

VCD spectra of chiral naphthalene-1-carboxamides in the solid-state

The VCD spectra of chiral 2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-1-one (8-substituted naphthalene-1-carboxamide, BIQ) were studied in KBr pellets. The X-ray diffractometry revealed that the Me, Ph, and pClPh BIQs crystalize in the monoclinic P21, while nBu, pMePh, and oMeOPh BIQs in the orthorhombic P212121 space group. Only the Me-BIQ crystal exhibits the presence of cyclic amide dimers, while the others contain chains of the amid group hydrogen bonds. For all BIQs, except pMePh, the most intense IR band in the 1750–1550 cm−1 region is located at ca. 1680 cm−1 and is accompanied by two weak ones at ca. 1618 and 1590 cm−1. For the pMePh derivative, four almost equally intense IR bands at 1662, 1639, 1614, and 1588 cm−1 are observed. This region of the IR spectra of BIQs, but pMePh, is well reproduced by calculations based on BIQ monomers. On the other hand, the complex IR pattern of pMePh is computationally reproduced when larger crystal fragments, like octamers, are considered. Registration of the VCD spectra enabled recognizing the complexity of IR contours at ca. 1680 cm−1 by the corresponding VCD motives. For (i) Me, Ph and pClPh (R)-enantiomers, two (+)(–) bands were distinguished and for (ii) nBu and pMePh ones, one VCD band with right-side asymmetry was found. For (iii) oMeOPh the VCD pattern cannot be unambiguously assigned. Thus, the VCD spectra in the ν(C=O) range diverse the studied compounds. Among the set of molecules, pMePh has exceptional crystal geometry. Therefore, its most intense ν(C=O) band position and shape can be connected with the geometry of the hydrogen bonds, interactions, and crystal packing. Interpretation of the VCD spectra is based on linear and packed BIQ octamers. This cluster model can reproduce the main features of the solid-state VCD of BIQs.

Spatial architectures of somatic mutations in normal prostate, benign prostatic hyperplasia and coexisting prostate cancer

This study aimed to identify somatic mutations in nontumor cells (NSMs) in normal prostate and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and to determine their relatedness to prostate cancer (PCA). From 22 PCA patients, two prostates were sampled for 3-dimensional mapping (50 normal, 46 BPH and 1 PCA samples), and 20 prostates were trio-sampled (two normal or BPH samples and one PCA sample) and analyzed by whole-genome sequencing. Normal and BPH tissues harbored several driver NSMs and copy number alterations (CNAs), including in FOXA1, but the variations exhibited low incidence, rare recurrence, and rare overlap with PCAs. CNAs, structural variants, and mutation signatures were similar between normal and BPH samples, while BPHs harbored a higher mutation burden, shorter telomere length, larger clone size, and more private NSMs than normal prostates. We identified peripheral-zonal dominance and right-side asymmetry in NSMs, but the asymmetry was heterogeneous between samples. In one normal prostate, private oncogenic RAS-signaling NSMs were detected, suggesting convergence in clonal maintenance. Early embryonic mutations exhibited two distinct distributions, characterized as layered and mixed patterns. Our study identified that the BPH genome differed from the normal prostate genome but was still closer to the normal genome than to the PCA genome, suggesting that BPH might be more related to aging or environmental stress than to tumorigenic processes.

Краниологическое исследование черепов из двух гуннских погребений из Крыма (Усть-Альминский некрополь, IV–V вв. н. э.)

Introduction. The invasion of the Huns in Europe, which became the cause of the Great Migration of peoples, could not but leave a significant archaeological trace. However, only a small number of Hun burials are currently known, most of which were discovered accidentally in the middle of the 20th century, which makes each newly discovered burial unique, and their comprehensive study and publication of individual data is important for subsequent research. Materials and methods. During the excavations in 2021–2022, two Hun burials were discovered in the Ust-Alma necropolis. One of them belonged to a young man, the second to an elderly woman. The good preservation of both skeletons, in particular their skulls, allowed for a complete craniological examination. In addition, a children's Hun skull from the Belyaus settlement was examined, which is in permanent storage at the D. N. Anuchin Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology. Results. As a result of the work carried out, it was found that both individuals from Ust-Alma have the same type of skull deformation – high annular (according to the classification of E.V. Zhirov). However, the deformation methods were probably different. The deformation of the skull of a child from Belyaus is defined as occipital with right-sided asymmetry of the occiput. Craniophenetic data do not indicate the relationship of individuals buried in the Ust-Alminsky burial ground. Craniometric data indicate a mixed origin of the crimean Huns. Conclusion. Due to the small number of Hun burials from Ust-Alma, as well as individual data on Hun skulls in the scientific literature, it is difficult to conduct a statistical analysis based on craniological data. Within the typological approach, for a number of features, the male skull was characterized as Caucasoid, and the female as Mongoloid. Thus, new craniological data on rare Hunnic skulls introduced into scientific circulation will increase the comparative base for further research. @ 2023. This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 license

Asymmetry in body composition parameters of the upper and lower extremity among healthy Austrian women.

Humans typically have bilateral symmetry, however, deviations from perfect symmetry can be observed. In the case of the upper extremities, mostly a right-biased asymmetry in the length or strength of the bones, but also lean body mass was reported. Regarding the lower extremities, the asymmetry patterns are weaker. The aim of this study is to analyze directional and cross-asymmetry in body composition parameters among healthy non-athletic women. In particular, it is hypothesized that body composition asymmetry patterns of the limbs change with increasing age. 584 Austrian women aged between 16 and 83 years were enrolled in the study. Data collection took place between 1995 and 2000 at the Menox outpatient department for the treatment of climacteric symptoms in Vienna. Bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), lean mass, and fat mass was determined using dual-energy-x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Signed asymmetry was calculated for each body composition parameter of the upper and lower limbs. Right-sided symmetry dominated for lean mass, BMC, and BMD in the upper extremity. Asymmetry in the lower limbs was not as strong as in the arms, but a right-sided asymmetry was still observable. Fat mass showed the strong right-sided asymmetry of all measurements for the lower extremities in the whole sample. Contra lateral asymmetry of the extremities could be found in 37-45% of the sample for lean mass, BMD, and BMC. For fat mass, almost half of the sample displayed cross asymmetry. Significant associations between asymmetry patterns and age were observable for the fat mass of the upper extremities only. Participants younger than 30 years showed a significant left-sided asymmetry for fat mass in the upper extremities. However, this pattern changed around the age of 30 and shifted to a slight right-sided asymmetry. In general, the body composition of the upper and lower limbs showed distinct asymmetry patterns.

COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LINEAR DIMENSIONS OF VARIOUS FORMS OF THE FACIAL SKULL

For many years, radiography has traditionally been the main method for studying of the morphology of the facial skull and identifying craniofacial deformities, however, it is difficult to assess the typical variability of the linear dimensions of the facial skull on radiographs due to the many overlapping shadows of anatomical structures. Comparison of the results of craniometry of macerated skulls, radiographs and spiral computed tomography shows that multislice computed tomography in some cases can be the best alternative to conventional radiography and other methods of studying the facial skull. The purpose of the study was to conduct a comparative analysis of the linear dimensions of the facial skull with its various forms according to multislice computed tomography. Tomograms of 105 patients with different facial skull shapes were studied. Tomography was performed on a «Brilliance 64 Slice» multislice spiral X-ray computed tomography scanner at the Department of Magnetic Resonance and X-ray Computed Tomography of the Rostov State Medical University for suspected cerebrovascular pathology. The obtained images were analyzed using axial, multiplanar, and shadow density surface reconstructions in various projections. Measurements were made using a standard digital ruler of a computer tomography workstation, typical features of the linear dimensions of the facial skull were evaluated using the fan-beam method. In the studied group of individuals, the predominance of euryenes (46.7%, n=49) over mezenes (37.2%, n=35) and leptens (18.1%, n=9) was revealed. A comparative characteristic of the linear dimensions of the facial skull on spiral computed tomograms is described. According to the results of the study, the linear dimensions of the facial skull on the right dominate in leptens and euryenes, on the right in sections of the upper fan on the right, and on the left in sections of the lower and lateral fans. A left-sided asymmetry of the linear dimensions of the facial skull in sections of the lower fan, which is characteristic of mezenes, was established, while a right-sided asymmetry was found for euryenes and leptens. The data obtained as indicators of normal craniometry can be used in clinical practice by radiologists, plastic surgeons, maxillofacial surgeons, as well as in anthropology and forensic medicine.

Development of bilateral asymmetry of the upper limb in children from a medieval population in Central Europe, Hungary.

This study examined the emergence and characteristics of bilateral asymmetry of the upper limb during development in a medieval agricultural population from Hungary, and investigated the agricultural activity-types in a bioarchaeological and biomechanical context. The skeletal remains of 169 nonadult individuals were selected from the cemetery of Bátmonostor-Pusztafalu, providing 134 cases for humeral diameter and length, 70 cases for radial length and 62 cases for ulnar length measurements. Biological age was estimated by using tooth eruption. Age groups were defined on the basis of the development of motor skills in children. Statistical analyses included correlation, Chi-square test, Fisher analysis and ANOVA. Our investigation revealed that the frequency of asymmetry increased significantly during growth with a shift to the right side in all measurements and reached adult-like distribution in early childhood. The bilateral asymmetry increased with age in humeral length, while other measurements revealed no change. The magnitude of asymmetry decreased with age in humeral diameter, but remained constant in other measurements. Our observations strengthen the hypothesis that right-sided asymmetry develops gradually during growth. Our findings also illustrate the effects of medieval agricultural labour on upper limb asymmetry: mechanical loading has various effects during development both on the magnitude and on direction of asymmetry.

LUMINESCENT PROPERTIES OF TRANSFORMER OIL DURING ITS PURIFICATION

The adsorption method makes it possible to regenerate transformer oil with great efficiency, while constant monitoring of its parameters is necessary. The method of optical spectral luminescent diagnostics is promising. (Research purpose) The research purpose is studying the spectral luminescent characteristics of various transformer oil during its purification. (Materials and methods) A study of the spectral luminescent characteristics of transformer oil was carried out on a multifunctional spectrofluorimeter device «Fluorat-02-Panorama» with the Rapogama Rgo software installed on a laptop and an external dark camera for the study of oil samples. The spectral characteristics of excitation and luminescence of spent and regenerated GC transformer oil were measured using a diffraction spectrofluorimeter. Integral energy and static parameters of the spectra were calculated. (Results and discussion) It was determined that during oil regeneration, the maxima of the excitation spectrum at wavelengths of 355, 396 and 443 nanometers significantly increase. It has been shown that the greatest absorption capacity is observed in the area of 370-428 nanometers. It was found that for λb = 396 nanometers, the luminescence of the purified oil is greater than for λb = 355 nanometers. It was found that the statistical parameters of crude oil differ markedly from the parameters of regenerated oils (this trend is observed for both excitation and photoluminescence spectra), the statistical parameters of regenerated oil differ slightly among themselves. It was noted that all the spectra have a right-sided asymmetry. (Conclusions) Indicated that photoluminescence of transformer oil during purification at an excitation wavelength of 396 nanometers is the most suitable for diagnostics. It was stated that the results obtained can be used in the development of an optoelectronic quality control system for transformer oil purification.

Assessment of Pinus sylvestris L. forests state near Krasnoyarsk (case study of the Karaul'noe forestry)

The research was conducted in Pinus sylvestris L. stands near Krasnoyarsk (subtaiga zone). The aim of the study is to assess the current state of recreational pine forests. Research methods included detailed forest pathological examination on six research plots, assessment of recreational disturbance (digression stage) by the transect method, integral assessment of forest health, graphical and correlation analysis. Recreational disturbance of the studied pine forests corresponds to I-IV stages of digression. From 1 to 40% of ground on the research plots has been trampled down. The vitality spectra of forest stands are characterized by right-sided asymmetry; the proportion of weakened trees is high in severely disturbed pine stands. With an increase in the recreational stress, the state of pine forests worsens significantly, and the proportion of dead trees increases. The absence of a significant relationship between the average health index and the stock of dead wood indicates that trees mortality cannot be used as an indicator when assessing the current state of recreational pine forests, which is explained by wood debris removal. The relative growing stock of healthy trees (with no signs of weakening), however, is an informative indicator.

Evaluations and Measurements of the Occurrence of Maxilla and Palatine Bone Asymmetry Based on 3D Printed Stereolithographic Models in Elderly Edentulous People

This study aimed to evaluate and measure the occurrence of jaw and palate asymmetry based on 3D-printed stereolithographic models of edentulous elderly people. The analyses were performed on 3D models of the jaws, which were printed using the data (CT) obtained from the CBCT center. The control group consisted of 10 modern adult skulls (7 male and 3 female skulls) owned by the Department of Anthropology of the Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences. The small size of the studied groups did not allow for the performance of the analysis indicating the form of the observed morphological asymmetry—it was impossible to differentiate to indicate whether the examined features showed directional or fluctuating asymmetry. However, it was possible to determine the direction of the morphological asymmetry of the analyzed features. Both in the test group and the control group, it was a right-sided asymmetry. The analysis of the significance of differences in mean values of the asymmetry index showed that the intensity of asymmetry of the anterior part of the superior alveolar arch was significantly greater in the test group. The severity of the asymmetry of the lateral part of the alveolar arch in the tested groups did not differ significantly. The authors concluded that adequate maxillary height does not only influence proper dental prosthesis adhesion but also corresponds with a potential source for correct dental implant placement. We also concluded that the vertical height of the edentulous alveolar process of the mandible is important for adequate prosthesis fixing. In some cases, the bone atrophy and the bone itself are asymmetrical, so planning a prosthesis might be challenging. The adequate placement of implants should include the symmetry of jaw bones because of future masticatory force impact on the bone and the entire masticatory system, including the temporomandibular joint.

Optical light microscopy in the determination of small fractions of suspended particles in the air of the urban environment

Small fractions of particulate matter are a common air pollutant in the urban environment. To analyze the amount and size of solid particles, various modifications of optical microscopy and laser detection methods are used. The aim of the work is to evaluate the possibility of the usage of light microscopy to determine the quantitative and granulometric composition of particulate matter in the air of the urban environment. The article presents the results of gravimetric analysis of particulate matter, followed by examination by light microscopy of clarified filters. It is shown that using light microscopy makes it possible to estimate the number of particle size fractions of particulate matter larger than 0.3 µm in atmospheric air. It has been established that the number of particles in the atmospheric air in certain districts of Grodno varied by more than 15 times. The change in the mass concentrations of dust and the number of dispersed particles in the atmospheric air of individual points in the urban environment can be reversed, which indicates the difference in the sources of solid particles and their different chemical nature. The diameter of suspended particles in the atmospheric air of the urban environment is characterized by very high variability (80–157 %). The distribution of frequencies of occurrence of particles of different sizes in the air does not correspond to the normal law and right-sided asymmetry and positive kurtosis were observed in the variational histograms. A significant inverse connection was found between the particle size and their proportion in the samples. The most common fraction in the atmospheric air of Grodno was particles with a diameter of 0.5–1 µm (41.5–61.3 %). At the same time, a statistically significant association of points of the urban environment into clusters was determined primarily by the proportions of particles with a diameter of more than 5 microns.

Analysis of inter-transaction time fluctuations in the cryptocurrency market.

We analyze tick-by-tick data representing major cryptocurrencies traded on some different cryptocurrency trading platforms. We focus on such quantities like the inter-transaction times, the number of transactions in time unit, the traded volume, and volatility. We show that the inter-transaction times show long-range power-law autocorrelations. These lead to multifractality expressed by the right-side asymmetry of the singularity spectra f ( α ) indicating that the periods of increased market activity are characterized by richer multifractality compared to the periods of quiet market. We also show that neither the stretched exponential distribution nor the power-law-tail distribution is able to model universally the cumulative distribution functions of the quantities considered in this work. For each quantity, some data sets can be modeled by the former and some data sets by the latter, while both fail in other cases. An interesting, yet difficult to account for, observation is that parallel data sets from different trading platforms can show disparate statistical properties.

Different temporal weight-bearing tendencies of persons with right and left hemiplegia while sitting in a wheelchair.

The tendency of persons with hemiplegia to sit for prolonged periods can cause excessive interface pressure (IP) on their buttocks. Due to the different neuromusculoskeletal conditions, different buttock IP relief methods are required for persons with left hemiplegia (LH) and right hemiplegia (RH). Therefore, this study investigates temporal characteristics of IP on the right and left buttocks for RH, LH, and able-bodied individuals (AB) sitting in a wheelchair for 30 min. Thirty-five males participated in the study: 13 LH, 12 RH, and 10 AB. In the initial adjustment phase, the participants maintained an erect sitting posture for 7 min (2 min for posture and 5 min for creep adjustments). After the adjustments, experiments were conducted for 30 min to measure the IP. In the experiments, significant right-sided asymmetries of the mean IP were found for each group (P < 0.05). The right buttocks of LH exhibited significantly more right-sided asymmetry of the mean IP than that of AB (p < 0.01). Moreover, the right buttocks of RH exhibited insignificant asymmetry of the mean IP compared to that of AB (p >0.21). The peak IPs of RH and LH were significantly higher than those of AB (p <0.05), and temporal changes of the mean and peak IP of hemiplegia were significant (p <0.05) and not significant (p >0.05), respectively. The RH exhibited affected-side weight-bearing based on the mean IP. In contrast, the LH relieved the mean IP on the affected-side buttock. Due to the right-sided asymmetric mean and high peak IP, hemiplegia in acute and recovery stages using wheelchairs can cause ulceration. Therefore, different rehabilitation approaches are required for the RH and LH to reduce the peak IP and avoid an uneven distribution of the mean IP.

Paralisia Facial como primeira manifestação de Covid-19 em Profissional de Saúde

Introduction COVID-19 is an acute respiratory infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, globally distributed and highly transmissible. Recent data shows the capacity of this virus to reach central, peripherical nervous system even though the muscle. Clinical Case Report This is a case report of a healthcare worker, 31 years old in daily contact with COVID-19 patients. She developed right-side sensitivity changes and facial asymmetry, that is why she attended to an Emergency Room, where she was observed, medicated and being diagnosed with Bell's Palsy. One week later, she attended again due to fever, nausea and vomiting, the screening for COVID-19 turned out to be positive. Discussion/Conclusion This case report supports facial palsy as a possible neurological expression of COVID-19 infection. It turns out to be important a careful physical examination and detailed medical history, avoiding late diagnoses and, consequently, spreading of the virus. keywords: Facial Palsy; Bell’s Syndrome; COVID-19; Occupational Disease; Occupational Health.

Sexual features of facial skull asymmetry according to spiral computed tomography

Objective: To perform a comparative analysis of the linear dimensions of the facial skull that are the most signifi cant in determining asymmetry in persons of diff erent sex on spiral computed tomograms (SCT).Materials and Methods: The CT scan of 104 people of both sexes (women – 52%, n = 54, men – 48%, n = 50) were studied. Measurements were made using a standard digital ruler of a computer tomograph workstation, and the asymmetry of the skulls was assessed using the “fan” method. The results were processed using the Excel program.Results: In the male and female series of SCT, according to the size of the intervals of sigma of linear dimensions of the facial skull, the occurrence rate of asymmetry of varying severity was determined.Conclusion: In the male series of SCT, right-sided asymmetry of the linear dimensions of the facial skull prevails in all “fans”, in the female – right-sided asymmetry in the upper and lateral “fans”, but left -sided asymmetry in the lower “fan”. Statistically signifi cant linear dimensions of the facial skull were revealed to determine the severity of asymmetry in both sexes. In the upper “fan”, these are the distances from the nasion to the zygomaxilar (N-Zm), from the nasion to the frontonazale (N-Fn), prevailing on the right in both sexes. In the lower “fan”– the distance from the supraspinal to the zygomaxilar (Ss-Zm), and in the lateral “fan” – the distance from the zygomaxilar to the frontonasal (Zm-Fn), prevailing on the right in both sexes. An insignifi cant or physiological and moderate degree of asymmetry in the size of the facial skull depending on gender was revealed, which did not require correction.

Assessment of the Orbital and Auricular Asymmetry in Italian and Sudanese Children: A Three-Dimensional Study

The evaluation of the symmetry of orbital and ear soft tissues is important for aesthetic and reconstructive surgery. However, little information is available for these facial regions, especially in children. We analyzed the orbital and auricular symmetry in 418 Italian and 206 Sudanese subadult males divided into three age groups (8–11, 12–15, and 16–19 years old). Orbital and auricular height and width were measured for calculating fluctuating and directional asymmetry indices. Differences in asymmetry indices according to ethnicity and age group were assessed through the two-way ANOVA test (p &lt; 0.01), while differences in the prevalence of right or left asymmetry according to ethnicity were assessed through the chi-square test. On average, directional asymmetry indices ranged from −2.1% to 1.1%, while fluctuating asymmetry indices ranged between 2.9% and 5.4%, corresponding to a small effect size and to 1.06–2.34 mm actual dimensions. Sudanese subjects showed a greater asymmetry for all the indices except for the fluctuating asymmetry of orbital height (p &lt; 0.01). The directional asymmetry of auricular width increased with age. A prevalent right-side asymmetry was found for all the orbital indices (p &lt; 0.001) in both populations, although significantly more prevalent in Sudanese individuals (over 83% for both measures), while auricular measures showed a prevalent left asymmetry exclusively in the Sudanese but with lower percentages. Aside from the limited effect size, the results proved the ethnic variability of asymmetry of orbital and auricle regions in children and suggest the need to collect more population data.

Orbitofrontal and Cingulate Thickness Asymmetry Associated with Depressive Symptom Dimensions.

Both clinical depression and subthreshold depressive symptoms have been associated with alterations in cortical thickness. Studies have yielded conflicting results regarding whether cortical thinning or cortical thickening best characterize the depressive state. Also unclear is whether cortical thickness differences are lateralized. This study examined the relationship between depressive symptom dimensions and cortical thickness asymmetry in cingulate and orbitofrontal regions. Fifty-four community-dwelling adults between the ages of 18 and 81 years received a 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging scan and completed the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Cortical thickness values were extracted for the rostral anterior cingulate, caudal anterior cingulate, posterior cingulate, isthmus cingulate, and orbitofrontal cortex. An asymmetry index was calculated for each region. Data were analyzed using separate general linear models for each region, in which the CES-D somatic symptoms, negative affect, and anhedonia subscale scores predicted the asymmetry indices, controlling for age and sex. Higher scores on the anhedonia subscale were associated with right-sided asymmetry in orbitofrontal thickness, whereas higher somatic symptom subscale scores predicted greater left-sided asymmetry in posterior cingulate thickness. Follow-up analyses showed the orbitofrontal effect was specific to the medial, not the lateral, orbitofrontal cortex. These results suggest asymmetries in cortical thickness are apparent at even subthreshold levels of depressive symptoms, as all but five participants were below the CES-D cutoff for clinical depression, and that the relationship varies for different symptom dimensions of depression. Understanding brain asymmetries across the range of depressive symptom severity is important for informing targeted depression treatment.