As my contribution to this Symposium, I shall present 2 cases, one of oral carcinoma and one of carcinoma of the cervix, representing different indications for therapy. Case I: A 65-year-old male was seen in October 1950, in excellent general condition, but with an extensive primary epidermoid carcinoma, Grade II, involving the right lower alveolar ridge throughout its length, with infiltration of the entire right floor of the mouth and right gingivobuccal sulcus and a large metastatic submaxillary lymph node open and draining to the skin (Fig. 1). There was roentgen evidence of destruction of the right side of mandible for a distance of 2.5 cm. (Fig. 2). No previous irradiation had been given. The patient was edentulous. Irradiation with 800 kv (h.v.l. 3 mm. Pb) was given through a single right mandibular and submaxillary field of 6 × 7.5 cm., to include the primary carcinoma and the right submaxillary metastasis. In thirty-seven days 6,035 r (measured on skin) was given through this field; the minimal dose to the deepest portion of the growth at the junction of the floor of the mouth and the tongue was 4,800 r. The skin reaction was no more than an erythema, and the anticipated membranous reactions of the right buccal wall, floor of the mouth, and right lateral border of the tongue were well tolerated. Observation over a three-month period following irradiation showed continued regression of the soft-tissue disease of the oral cavity, with a remnant of infiltration at the posterior margin of the buccal wall where it joined the vertical ramus of the mandible; apparently complete resolution of the disease in the gingivobuccal sulcus; closure of the draining sinus and palpable resolution of the metastatic lymph node. Three months after completion of irradiation, surgery was performed by Dr. Frank Wana-maker, consisting in segmental resection of the horizontal ramus of the mandible, together with adjacent soft tissues of the buccal wall, and unilateral suprahyoid neck dissection. The tissues healed well, with good functional result. Pathologic studies showed residual epidermoid carcinoma only in the soft tissue at the site of the local remnant of infiltration of the buccal wall. No evidence of residual cancer was found in the submaxillary tissues or mandible. The patient has remained well over five years, without sequelae secondary to irradiation and with a satisfactory functional result (Fig. 3). Supervoltage irradiation was chosen for this patient for the following reasons: (1) the desirability of irradiating the primary lesion and its metastatic focus through a single field, (2) the necessity of irradiating a mandible already compromised by infiltration of carcinoma, (3) the requirement of penetration through the mandible to reach adjacent soft tissues, and (4) the planning of later surgery within the field of irradiation, making it desirable to obtain conditions which would not too severely compromise radical surgery and healing.