Rights Of Disabled People Research Articles

Disability Policies In Pakistan: The Way Forward

This research article reflects policy development regarding disabled people in Pakistan. International efforts and policy development for the wellbeing of disabled people paved the way for generating debates and discussions on the condition and the rights of disabled people in Pakistan. Subsequently, laws have been enacted for the protection and promotion of the rights of disabled people in the country. Available literature on the polices related to disabled people have been critically reviewed and discussed. UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) possesses immense and historic importance for inclusive society and it is being considered the first legally binding international treaty by which communities can hold their respective states for the enforcement of its articles and promote the quality of life of disabled people. Pakistan has ratified CRPD in the year 2011, following government’s commitment to promote social, political, economic and civil rights of disabled people. In this regard, Pakistan enacted sporadic but important laws both in Provincial and National Assemblies. However, these policies could not bring about changes in the lives of disabled people. There is no proper mechanism at national and local level to implement the policies developed for the wellbeing of such downtrodden people.

‘The silence’: examining the missing voices of disabled people in police custody

The role of the Appropriate Adult was established to protect the rights of suspects considered ‘vulnerable’ due to a number of miscarriages of justice during the 1970s. Appropriate Adult services are now a legal requirement in England and Wales for detained adults with mental health issues, learning disabilities or difficulties who have been detained in police custody. The aim of this project was to evaluate the extent and involvement of disabled adults who are or have been in police custody. The study concludes by suggesting the application of a social model approach within police custody, to meet the needs of service users and to avoid any miscarriages of justice. Points of Interest Appropriate Adult services are now a legal requirement in England and Wales for adults detained in police custody who have mental health issues, learning disabilities or difficulties The research explores the role of Appropriate Adult schemes across England and Wales in protecting the rights of disabled people in custody. This study examines whether disabled people’s voices are embraced in Appropriate Adult Schemes to improve services and to remove disabling barriers. This study discovered that service user voices were missing from every aspect of Appropriate Adult service provision. The findings suggest that in order to develop an effective criminal justice service for disabled people in custody, service user voices must be incorporated to develop a service which protects the rights of disabled people.

Research on Medical Ethics of Disabled

The 15-20% of the world's population has certain disability. They have treated bad, looked low, ignored beyond their law, educations and medical care has been denied, also have been underestimated. This is 21st century, people are being kind and helpful in many places, the disabled are achieving in all fields but still some with not the open mind are struggling to accept disabled people even their parents in some cases. Government and science had helped them in uncountable things and also been a devil in number of things. Government introduced laws and policies favouring disabled people. Science and technology helped them to do things which they can’t. Separate medical care services and welfare organisations are there to help for disabled people in several ways including education and insurance. In India, human rights commission is there to give a shout to disabled people rights and also to debate about their dignity. But is this good enough for their life. Technology can do more than this to make their life even better and better. Government can implement strict laws and bills against people who are discriminating and harassment on disabled.

Realidad y perspectiva del derecho de sufragio activo de las personas con discapacidad intelectual

La superación del modelo proteccionista por una progresiva extensión del pleno disfrute de derechos de las personas discapacitadas ha generado, al menos en el caso español, algunas disfuncionalidades no exentas de polémica. Con la reforma de la LOREG de 2018, se ha pasado de un sistema en el que el juez determinaba en cada caso el grado de «capacidad política» de la persona discapacitada, a otro donde el legislador liberaliza el ejercicio del sufragio activo, dejando en el aire algunos aspectos, relativos a las condiciones y límites de dicho ejercicio, que generan una cierta inseguridad jurídica.The overcoming of the protectionist model by a progressive extension of the full enjoyment of the rights of disabled people has generated, at least in the Spanish case, some dysfunctions not exempt from controversy. With the reform of the LOREG of 2018, it has gone from a system in which the judge determined in each case the degree of «political capacity» of the disabled person, to another where the legislator liberalizes the exercise of active suffrage, leaving in the air some aspects, related to the conditions and limits of this exercise, which generate a certain legal uncertainty.

ParticipaTIC: Lessons from developing accessible on-line training for disabled people’s leaders

Abstract The ParticipaTIC Erasmus+ project led by the EHESP School of Public Health in partnership with disability organizations and associations from France, Belgium, Switzerland, and Romania has co-designed an accessible digital platform. In line with the 2010-2020 European strategy and the United Nations Convention on the rights of disabled persons we aim to strengthen the competences of the leaders of disabled persons’ organizations to defend the rights of disabled people, and to develop participation. ParticipaTIC offers 4 modules on ‘What is disability?’, ‘Competencies for disability organization leaders’, ‘the United Nations Convention’ and ‘How to carry out a local accessibility analysis’. Different contrasts, font size, speech synthesis, captioned videos and content summaries in ‘Easy to read and understand’ French are available together with a cloned platform in Romanian and English. Two guides have also been produced on 1) on-line accessibility and 2) co-constructing an on-line accessible platform. Beyond the deliverables, adapting on-line instruction to the different capacities of people with disabilities raises many issues. New competencies for accessible design are needed. Tradeoffs between content, pedagogical style and accessibility seem inevitable. On-line activities need adaptations but these may be complex and costly. Taken-for-granted assumptions about what is attractive, and well-designed are called into question when designing for people with visual, auditory, and intellectual impairments. Lessons from ParticipaTIC are remarkably similar to those of participatory thinking design: advance in small steps, evaluating successive design phases with people with disabilities for fitness of purpose. Ultimately trainers need to redesign themselves to take into account unsuspected worlds, those of our fellow citizens with different capacities. Important lessons beyond the world of on-line instruction for the building of a truly inclusive society have emerged.

Citizenship, disability rights and the changing relationship between formal and informal caregivers: it takes three to tango

Citizenship and rights conventionally refer to the ways in which the relationship between the individual and the state is constructed. These concepts concern the vital political and democratic values of freedom, equality and solidarity. As realising the citizenship and rights of disabled people has become an explicit aim of many western democratic governments, we explore in this article how these notions are encompassed in the formal rhetoric of social policy-makers. However, social policy rhetoric is potentially paradoxical when a critical consideration is made about how even promising ideas are implemented in practice. Therefore, we investigate the implications of policy developments based on real-life experiences of informal caregivers. A directed approach to qualitative context analysis was applied. We conclude that these democratic values should be inextricably related and (re)balanced to substantively realise the citizenship and rights of disabled people and their informal caregivers in practice.

„GÆSin mín og GÆSin þín, Egils malt og appelsín“Orðræðan um kaffihúsið GÆS

Fólk með þroskahömlun hefur í gegnum tíðina verið jaðarsettur hópur og átt fá tækifæri til atvinnuþátttöku á almennum vinnumarkaði. Árið 2013 stofnuðu fimm nemendur í starfstengdu diplómanámi fyrir fólk með þroskahömlun við Háskóla Íslands kaffihúsið GÆS í starfsnámi sínu. Rannsóknin sem hér er til umfjöllunar hafði það að markmiði að draga fram og greina þá orðræðu sem skapaðist í samfélaginu um kaffihúsið GÆS en það hlaut mikla umfjöllun á frétta- og vefmiðlum. Auk þess var leitast við að fá fram með hvaða hætti orðræðan um GÆS mótaði reynslu stofnfélaganna fimm og í því skyni voru tekin einstaklings- og rýnihópaviðtöl við þau. Gögnin voru greind með orðræðugreiningu og þemagreiningu. Niðurstöður rannsóknarinnar benda til þess að orðræðan um GÆS hafi einkennst af jákvæðni í garð hópsins sem stóð að kaffihúsinu og birtist hún meðal annars í því að fjölmiðlar og almenningur sýndi kaffihúsinu mikinn áhuga og velvild. Í mótsögn við ofangreinda orðræðu litaðist orðræðan einnig af staðalmyndum um fólk með þroskahömlun sem byggjast meðal annars á því að líta á fólkið sem eilíf börn. Þessar hugmyndir leiddu til þess að fram komu ýmsar efasemdir um getu hópsins til að reka kaffihús og átti það stóran þátt í að rekstrinum var hætt. Jafnframt var stofnfélögunum fimm lýst sem ofurhetjum, snillingum og dugnaðarforkum á samfélagsmiðlum. Þó að orðræðan hafi á stundum virst viðhalda staðalmyndum um fólk með þroskahömlun má álykta að GÆS hafi átt þátt í að opna umræðuna um dugnað og hæfileika fólks með þroskahömlun og átt þátt í að breyta viðhorfum til hópsins.

Rights of Disabled People in the Labor and Educational Spheres: Some Aspects of Regulatory and Legal Regulation

Актуальность публикации определена значимостью социально-экономических прав инвалидов в трудовой и образовательной сферах. Важность их решения обусловлена причинами прежде всего общегуманитарного плана, такими, например, как степень цивилизованности современного общества. Еще более значимы в данном контексте социально-экономические причины: полноценная жизнедеятельность инвалидов возможна только на базе их трудовой интеграции и связанного с этим обучения. Реализация вышеназванных прав выступает фундаментом интеграции инвалидов во все сферы общественной жизни. Подчеркнута важность обеспечения эффективной системы государственного и муниципального управления соответствующими программами и проектами. Показана важная роль нормативно-правового регулирования социально-экономических прав инвалидов, представленного иерархической системой юридических актов. Охарактеризованы основные документы федерального, ведомственного, субфедерального, местного уровней и уровня конкретных хозяйствующих субъектов, а также прочие нормативно-правовые рычаги обеспечения социально-экономических прав инвалидов в Российской Федерации. Акцентирована необходимость создания социальной модели общественного отношения к рассматриваемой социальной группе, предполагающей полномасштабную (в первую очередь трудовую) интеграцию ее представителей. Автор делает вывод о важности проведения дальнейшей системной работы по нормативно-правовому обеспечению прав и возможностей инвалидов в трудовой и образовательной сферах.

Neoliberalism and Embodied Precarity

The term neoliberalism has appeared in the policies of the Global North for several decades, with the concept of precarity in employment practices coming from the same period. In the last few years, however, precarity has been embodied and personalized, coming to signify not only an epistemological category but something more akin to an ontological state that raises complex questions of identity. My contribution uses it in that latter sense and will take the links between precarity, debility, and more specifically disability as central concerns. In feminist thought in particular, precarity mobilizes both a critical perspective on neoliberalism and a transformative prospective. It allows us to both acknowledge and go beyond a concern with inequities of power, which so strongly signal an expectation of negativity and lack of social justice, to ask how the notion of precarious bodies might already signal a potential for communality and promote the strength of relationality. Rather than following the familiar path of putting the globalization of inequality center stage and calling for new social and political rights for disabled people that take account of their asymmetric specificities, I want to disturb some of the issues—and not least the unproblematized resort to identity categories—through thinking the phenomenological implications of global intercorporeality. As one highly significant aspect of contemporary globalization, neoliberalism pursues a policy of putative self-dependency and rational self-management that seem at odds with the widely recognized capacity of globalization to undermine the certainties of spatial and temporal orientations. While the latter clearly has its own risks, it would be a mistake, I think, to equate the two movements as though both were equally damaging. Instead we should ask how new configurations of time and space are operationalized, and new flows of energy enhanced. What can be gained from the apparent precarity of disorientation, and the entry into what Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari call zones of proximity? For feminist and disability scholars, the task is surely to think new horizons by considering how we might multiply possibilities of revitalization.

Policy development: An analysis of disability inclusion in a selection of African Union policies

AbstractContemporary debates in international development discourse are concerned with the non‐tokenistic inclusion and participation of marginalized groups in the policy‐making process in developing countries. This is directly relevant to disabled people in Africa, which is the focus of this article. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities delineates the principles of inclusion in society. Furthermore, the African Union (AU) plays a key role in advising its Member States about disability issues, and this advice should be reflected in disability‐inclusive policies. This article analyses nine policy or strategy documents produced by the AU, covering the policy domains of education, health, employment and social protection that are crucial to the inclusion of disabled people in international development. These were analysed according to seven discrete elements (rights, accessibility, inclusivity, implementation plans, budgetary allocations, enforcement mechanisms or disaggregated management information systems) using a rating scale of one to four, with four being the highest level of inclusion. The process (for example, level of consultation), the context (for example, the Sustainable Development Goals) and actors involved in the policy development were reviewed as far as was possible from the documents. None of the policies reached even 50% of the total possible score, indicating poor levels of genuine inclusion. Rights scored a highest rating, but still at a low level. This suggests that there is recognition of the rights of disabled people to inclusion, but this is not generally integrated within inclusive implementation plans, budgetary allocations, enforcement mechanisms or disaggregated management information systems for monitoring. The limited socio‐economic inclusion of disability within AU policies is a lost opportunity that should be reviewed and rectified. The findings have broader ramifications for the non‐tokenistic and genuine involvement of poor and marginalized groups in the international policy‐making arena.

Perancangan dan pengembangan connector wheelchair sebagai alat bantu tuna daksa

In recent years the world community has begun to pay attention to the rights of disabled people not least the Government and the people of Indonesia. Much effort has been made from law enforcement to the provision of assistance to disabled people. The object of this research is disabled people in Malang. There is still a lack of facilities for disabled in terms of accessibility and uniqueness in Indonesia that are able to sell motorcycles with a large number, as well as with the development of smartphone technology that gave rise to the phenomenon of GoJek provides the idea to make transportation equipment safe, comfortable and cheap for disabled people tuna daksa. The tool is a wheelchair that can be attached to a motorcycle (connector wheelchair). The design and development of wheelchair connector is done using QFD phase 1 and Ergonomic method. The benefit of QFD 1 is to get wheelchair connector specifications. The output of this research is 3D design. Key words: disabled people, QFD, ergonomic, product design

Access to Information

The Iraqi Kurdistan Region (IKR) and the Federal Iraq law lack of exception and limitation regulation related to blind, visually impaired and printed disable people. This also applies to many countries’ Laws and policies around the globe. Some governments are facing challenges to incorporating exceptions and limitation of the copyright law into the national regulations. The purpose of this study is to present several practical methods to overcome these challenges particularly through incorporate exceptions and limitation of the copyright law into the national and regional law according to the Marrakesh Treaty. At the same time, highlight the key benefit of exceptions and limitations in the Intellectual Property and specifically Copyright law regarding blind, visually impaired and printed disable people. Considering incorporation of international standard including Marrakesh Treaty, would enhance the benefit of blind, visually impaired and printed disable people. Finally, such studies would encourage national institutes and NGOs to promote the idea of amending the laws related to the disable people. In addition, apart from its scientific and law perspective, this study is an attempt to protect the human rights through promoting the rights of disabled people.

Les handicapés dans l’imaginaire de Fatou Diome: Une relecture de Celles qui attendent

Abstract Today, disability is a recognized issue globally, popular and quite widespread in various disciplines. A lot of work is done to highlight the difficulties and rights of disabled people. Literature reflects this reality by representing the sufferings, needs and progress of disabled people. Most discussions of disability have focused mainly on the physical aspect and little attention has been paid to other varieties of disability, such as social and legal. This article is an attempt to fill this gap. It analyses Fatou Diome’s Celles qui attendent and the other dimensions of disability that inspired the novelist. Using the legal approach proposed by Oladitan to explore literary texts and liberation literary principles also advocated by Oladitan, this study proposes to contextualize and categorize the characters of Diome as disabled people deprived from their fundamental rights and demonstrates the strategies of liberation adopted by disabled people.

Trading autonomy for services: Perceptions of users and providers of services for disabled people in Iceland

This paper adopts a critical theory perspective, aligning itself with a growing body of critical disability research in Iceland. It draws attention to the importance of ensuring that the rights of disabled people to autonomy and independence enshrined in the CRPD are respected and upheld in the implementation of all service models, including “traditional” services. The paper draws on 22 interviews with disabled people and service providers in Iceland. Both groups reveal that they perceive there to be a limit to the autonomy of the user embedded in the concept of services provided by public authorities. The findings are examined in a theoretical context, concluding that the concept of services must be redefined to fully include the perspectives of disabled people if the autonomy and independence envisioned in the CRPD is to be achieved, particularly until such time that personalized services are realized for all.

Tensions and unity in the struggle for citizenship: Swedish disability rights activists claim ‘Full Participation! Now!’

This article analyses the claims of contemporary disability rights activists mobilising in a context where de facto second-class citizenship co-exists with legal and political declarations about the rights of disabled people. As an empirical case, it focuses on the blog ‘Full Participation.Now’, which was initiated by disability rights activists in Sweden. Drawing upon citizenship research, the article points to the tensions and dilemmas featuring the bloggers’ demand for participation and equality, as well as the challenges relative to their struggle. Although the bloggers formulate contrasting arguments, the article highlights that the activists share a common aspiration for ‘full citizenship’.

Living on the Global Peripheries of Law: Disability Human Rights Law in Principle and in Practice in the Global South

This article develops the notion that poorer nations of the Global South are particularly disadvantaged in terms of realizing disabled people's human rights in practice. This is because they are situated in what is termed the global peripheries of law. These are peripheries in which very limited human and financial resources are available to practically realize disability human rights (reflecting processes such as the outmigration of trained professionals, devaluation of currency as a condition of debt repayment, and dependence on agricultural exports and imports of expensive manufactured goods, including medicine, from the Global North). Being on the global peripheries of law also reflects legacies of colonial and neo-colonial violence and oppression in an unequal global capitalist order, such as ongoing and widespread violence against women and unsafe working conditions—both of which result in death and the geographically uneven production of impairment. This uneven production of impairment also needs to be considered as an important part of understanding disability human rights law in a global context. Following a brief overview of the U.N. convention on the human rights of disabled people and the U.N. Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights to provide a global legal context and of the Inter-American Human Rights System to provide a regional legal context, the article illustrates why it is so difficult to realize disabled people's human rights in practice in the Global South, through a case study of Guyana.

Sustainable development and the social inclusion of disabled people

The seventeen Sustainable Development Goals of the 2030 UN Agenda for Sustainable Development were adopted by world leaders at an historic UN Summit in 2015 and officially came into force in 2016. The goals are not legally binding, but it is for every state to build its own sustainable development policies and to report on their implementation in practice. This article aims to analyse the recognition of the rights of disabled people and of social inclusion as an important component of sustainable development. It focuses on the situation in the Republic of Macedonia after its ratification of the UN Convention and explores a couple of the paths which have been adopted to ameliorate the position of disabled people in Macedonia and which assist with the country’s responsibility to implement sustainable development goals. The article concludes by identifying several measures focused on legal and practical action that will be necessary to achieve the social inclusion of disabled people and the goals of sustainable development, particularly in the area of social policy and employment.

DISABILITY PROTECTION IN WORK-FAMILY BALANCE POLICIES IN THE GULF COOPERATION COUNCIL

Work–family balance (WFB) has come to the forefront of policy discourse globally in recent years. The emergence of both the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD), along with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), has forced disability protection to be a major policy concern as a cross cutting theme within the WFB frameworks. Disability protection has numerous variables and indicators through research and policy analysis. This paper highlights one important aspect of disability protection; which is how the WFB policies give priority to the employed parents of children with disabilities in the GCC. In order to address an existing research gap in this area, this policy-oriented paper will provide a critical overview of institutional and legislative mapping on the situation of disability protection from a WFB perspective in the GCC, ending up by suggesting policy recommendations towards better WFB provisions for employed parents of children with disabilities. The paper will depend on some document analysis to the current legislations that govern the rights of disabled people within GCC. The methodological framework will also include the MAP approach to present the current benefits given to parents who have disabled children.

Vestiges of the medical model: a critical exploration of the Ontario Disability Support Program in Ontario, Canada

Although ample literature exists on workfare in Ontario, Canada, research on the social assistance programme for disabled people, the Ontario Disability Support Program (ODSP), is relatively scant. What we do know points to similar shortcomings. We present a critical disability study considering four policy domains to explore how disabled people are identified and accommodated in Ontario. Discussing the principles of universal design, we argue for policy design that meets the needs of as many individuals as possible, while accounting for significant human variability. We conclude that the ODSP, in failing to adopt a rights-based framework, violates the dignity and rights of disabled people.

Disability-policy models in European welfare regimes: comparing the distribution of social protection, labour-market integration and civil rights

This paper examines different models of disability policy in European welfare regimes on the basis of secondary data. OECD data measuring social protection and labour-market integration is complemented with an index which measures the outcomes of disability civil rights. Eurobarometer data is used to construct the index. The country modelling by cluster analysis indicates that an encompassing model of disability policy is mainly prevalent in Nordic countries. An activating and rehabilitating disability-policy model is predominant mainly in Central European countries, and there is evidence for a distinct Eastern European model characterized by relatively few guaranteed civil rights for disabled people. Furthermore, the Southern European model, which indicates a preference for social protection rather than activation and rehabilitation, includes countries which normally have diverse welfare traditions.