Right-hand Circular Polarization Research Articles

Switchable Metasurface with Electromagnetically Induced Transparency and Absorption Simultaneously Realizing Circular Polarization‐Insensitive Circular‐to‐Linear Polarization Conversion

AbstractA metasurface (MS) with switching features from electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) to electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) is theoretically investigated in the terahertz (THz) range by incorporating vanadium dioxide (VO2) when circular polarization‐insensitive circularly polarized waves are incidents, which can also simultaneously realize circular‐to‐linear polarization conversion well. While the VO2 ring is in an insulator state, two new transparent EIT windows both are gained between 0.97 THz and 1.16 THz because of destructive interference between the two metal rings that are seen as bright modes. Once the VO2 ring is tuned to the metallic state, a perfect EIA phenomenon is observed between 0.824 THz and 1.233 THz, achieving the transition from the EIT to EIA behavior well. The received electromagnetic waves are radiated to left‐handed circularly polarized (LCP) or right‐handed circularly polarized (RCP) waves with identical phases and amplitudes through the radiation patches when the LCP or RCP ones are incident. Whereby, a resultant linearly polarized wave is obtained between 0.9 THz and 1.2 THz, and relative bandwidth reaches 29%. The outcomes of maximal group index and group delay both are 1934 and 488 ps at 1.08 THz, and maximal absorption is 90.3% at 1.06 THz.

Asymmetrical photonic spin Hall effect based on dielectric metasurfaces

The photonic spin Hall effect has attracted considerable research interest due to its potential applications in spin-controlled nanophotonic devices. However, realization of the asymmetrical photonic spin Hall effect with a single optical element is still a challenge due to the conjugation of the Pancharatnam–Berry phase, which reduces the flexibility in various applications. Here, we demonstrate an asymmetrical spin-dependent beam splitter based on a single-layer dielectric metasurface exhibiting strong and controllable optical response. The metasurface consists of an array of dielectric nanofins, where both varying rotation angles and feature sizes of the unit cells are utilized to create high-efficiency dielectric metasurfaces, which enables to break the conjugated characteristic of phase gradient. Thanks to the superiority of the phase modulation ability, when the fabricated metasurface is under normal incidence with a wavelength of 1550 nm, the left-handed circular polarization (LCP) light exhibits an anomalous refraction angle of 28.9°, while the right-handed circular polarization (RCP) light transmits directly. The method we proposed can be used for the flexible manipulation of spin photons and has potentials in high efficiency metasurfaces with versatile functionalities, especially with metasurfaces in a compact space.

Perfect vortex beam with polarization-rotated functionality based on single-layer geometric-phase metasurface.

Perfect vortex (PV) beam has seen significant advances in fields like particle manipulation, optical tweezers, and particle trapping, due to the fact that its ring radius is independent of the topological charge. Although geometric-phase metasurfaces have been proposed to generate PV beams, it always relies on circularly or elliptically polarized incident light, which hinders the miniaturization of compact optical devices. Here, using orthogonal decomposition of polarization vectors (ODPV), we proposed a geometric-phase metasurface, which breaks the dependence of circular polarization, to generate PV beam. In the design of the metasurface, we introduced PV phase profiles corresponding to the left-handed circularly polarized (LCP) component and the right-handed circularly polarized (RCP) component into the metasurface based on the principle of ODPV. We further determined the rotation angle of each nanostructure of the metasurface by calculating the argument of the composite vector of LCP and RCP in the transmission field. Simulation results show that the proposed geometric-phase metasurface can generate the PV beam upon the illumination of a linearly polarized incident. Moreover, the PV beam with polarization-rotated functionality is achieved by setting the polarization rotation angle. Furthermore, dual PV beams with orthogonal polarization states is realized at the same time by superimposing two sets of phase profiles on a single metasurface. It is also demonstrated that the PV beam parameters, such as ring radius and/or topological charge, can be set on demand in the metasurface design. The proposed metasurface has the exceptional advantage of high fabrication tolerance and is optical path miniaturization friendly, and will open a new avenue in advanced compact and integrated optical systems.

Three-Layer Compact K/Ka Feed Chain Using Enhanced Ortho-Mode Junction

This letter presents a compact dual-band dual circular polarization feed chain consisting of only three metallic layers. The minimum number of layers are accomplished by applying an asymmetric architecture based on an enhanced ortho-mode junction (OMJ) with single quad-ridge waveguide machined in one layer. This solution achieves the compactness of the feed chain while maintaining outstanding electrical performance. The feed chain in the band of 17.7-21.2 GHz and 28.2-31.4 GHz is designed and measured. The measured results show that the reflection coefficient of the common port is less than 19.2 dB, the reflection coefficient in both operative bands is better than 25.5 dB, the left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) to right-hand circularly polarization (RHCP) isolation is higher than 20.3 dB, the transceiver isolation is higher than 40 dB, and the axial ratio is below 0.35 dB. The measured results are in great agreement with predicted ones.

Dual-Band Textile Antenna With Dual Circular Polarizations Using Polarization Rotation AMC for Off-Body Communications

A dual-circular polarization (CP) textile antenna is investigated for wearable applications at 3.5 GHz WiMAX and 5.8 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical bands. The proposed antenna is composed of a dual-band monopole antenna and a polarization rotation artificial magnetic conductor (PRAMC). Through the PRAMC, the dual-CP radiation is enabled and the backward radiation is alleviated, in which the left-handed CP is generated in the lower band and the right-handed CP is realized in the upper band. Notably, dyadic reflection coefficient analysis is employed to understand the operating mechanism. Both monopole and PRAMC are printed on textile substrate, achieving conformability and comfortability. In addition, numerical results indicate that the performance of the antenna is robust to lossy human body and structural deformations. For verification, the prototype of the antenna was fabricated by two types of manufacturing process (i.e., laser cutting and screen printing), and the advantages and drawbacks of each fabricating approach are discussed for referring. The antenna made by laser cutting was tested on the phantom with the −10 dB impedance bandwidths of 11.7% and 9.1%, the 3 dB axial ratio bandwidths of 2.0% and 8.2%, and the peak gains of 6.6 and 7.2 dBic, in dual bands, respectively.

Design of 24–40 GHz Ultra-Wideband Circularly Polarized Monopole Antenna with a Defected Ground Plane

A new design method for an ultra-wideband circularly polarized microstrip-fed monopole antenna with a ground defect is proposed in this paper. To achieve ultra-wideband circular polarization performance, a parallelogram-shaped ground defect is employed in the bottom layer. The analysis of the ultra-wideband axial ratio (AR) and the impedance bandwidth of the proposed antenna is performed both in the top and bottom layers. A semi-circular aperture is designed to achieve impedance matching in the 24–40 GHz frequency range. Then, the AR bandwidth is discussed considering the surface current distribution produced by the parallelogram-shaped ground defect to rote current in each orthogonal phase. A prototype of the proposed circularly polarized antenna with a 50% ultra-wide bandwidth (from 24 to 40 GHz), a 10-dB return loss, and a 3-dB AR was fabricated and measured. A 6-dBic right-hand circular polarization gain was also achieved.

An Ultra-Wideband Linear-to-Circular Polarization Converter Based on a Circular, Pie-Shaped Reflective Metasurface

In this paper, we present an ultrawideband reflective metasurface with the properties of an LTC-PC, which is an orthotropic composition with two mutually orthogonal symmetric axes, v and u, and 45° rotation about the vertical y-axis. Based on the metasurface unit cell, it seems like a circular pie embedded with a rectangular patch. The converter can convert LP electromagnetic (EM) waves to CP waves over the bands from 20.18 GHz to 33.93 GHz, with a 3-dB AR bandwidth of up to 50.8% and a circular polarization wave that is RHCP (right hand CP). Moreover, the linear-to-circular PCR exceeds 98% in the frequency bands of 20–34 GHz. A comprehensive theoretical investigation was conducted to determine the fundamental cause of the LTC polarization conversion. The ∆φuv between two reflection coefficients at v- and u-polarized incidences is ±90°, which fully anticipates the axial ratio of the reflected wave. Any reflective metasurface can be used as an efficient LTC-PC if the ∆φuv is close to ±90°.

Design of triple‐band dual‐sense shared aperture circular polarized antenna for multimode BeiDou communication and navigation integration

In the article, a triple-band dual-sense shared aperture circular polarized (CP) antenna is proposed for multimode BeiDou communication and navigation applications. By integrating the stub-loaded rectangle patch with the shorting-pin-loaded ring patch, the coverage of GPS L2, GPS L5, BDS-2 B2, BDS-2 B3, and BDS-1 L/S bands is realized. Besides, wideband filtering orthogonal feed network is adopted for feeding the ring patch to reduce the mutual coupling interference between the two patches. The slot-loaded ground plane is also employed for further decoupling. For validation, a prototype is designed, fabricated, and measured. The results indicate that the polarization of right-handed circular polarization (RHCP) is obtained at 1.2 GHz with a peak gain of 5.4 dBic for navigation service. While left-handed circular polarization (LHCP) and RHCP are realized at 1.615 GHz and 2.49 GHz, respectively, with the peak gains of 6.7 dBic and 7.4 dBic for communication service.

Compact 2-step Septulum Polarization Converters for Radars and Satellite Systems

This article presents the results of analysis, numerical simulations and optimization of new narrowband guide septulum polarization converters. Orthomode duplexers and polarization converter designs based on septulums are widely used in modern microwave systems with orthogonal circularly polarized signals. Septulum guide polarizer is an effective compact device, which transforms right-hand circularly polarized (RHCP) and left-hand circularly polarized (LHCP) electromagnetic modes into linearly polarized ones. At the same time it divides RHCP and LHCP modes and directs them to two different rectangular guides with high signal discrimination to each other. Thus, a septulum-based guide device integrates performance of a polarization transformer and of an orthomode duplexer. The main electromagnetic characteristics of the polarization converter were simulated in software based on the finite elements method in the frequency domain. The proposed design of a compact narrowband guide polarization converter has a septulum with two steps. Several designs of septulum polarization converters were developed and compared for different relative bandwidths of 5%, 10%, and 15%. The comparative investigation of the obtained designs was carried out. Main electromagnetic characteristics of optimal septulum polarization converters were compared. These include return losses, cross-polarization discrimination, ellipticity parameter, and ports discrimination. It was demonstrated that in 5% fractional bandwidth a compact 2-stepped septulum polarization converter has return losses greater than 22 dB. Its cross-polarization discrimination and ports discrimination are greater than 25 and 27 dB. Developed compact septulum polarization converters can be applied in modern antenna systems for radars and satellite communication systems.

A Low-Profile Dual-Band Dual-Circularly Polarized Folded Transmitarray Antenna With Independent Beam Control

This communication presents a low-profile, compact, high gain dual-band and dual-circularly polarized (CP) folded transmitarray antenna (FTA) with independent beam control at Ku-band. The element with independent phase control capability in two bands is designed to achieve the functionality of linear polarization to different circular polarization conversion. To reduce the profile of the whole FTA, a dual-band and dual-linearly polarized patch antenna is adopted as the feed source. By controlling the phase distribution and circular polarization of the transmitarray (TA) according to the phase compensation principle, the proposed antenna can radiate left-hand CP (LCP) waves and right-hand CP (RCP) waves at 12 and 15 GHz, respectively. On the basis, three typical FTA prototypes with different beam directions are simulated to validate the capability of independent beam control. Two of the prototypes are fabricated and measured, and the results are shown in reasonable agreement with the simulation. The proposed antenna not only reduces the profile by 2/3 compared to the traditional TA antenna, but also has the advantages of compact planar structure, low cost, high gain, and easy integration, which presents great application potential in two-way satellite communication systems with limited volume and space.

Meta-Surface Cavity-Based Waveguide Slot Array for Dual-Circularly Polarized Dual Beam

We introduce a meta-surface cavity into the waveguide slot array design and demonstrate the perfect generation of dual-circularly polarized (CP) dual-beams, where the cavity consists of meta-surface coated dielectric substrate surrounded by metallic vias and metal walls. When integrated with the rectangular waveguide, the meta-surface cavity functions as the leaky wave passage, capable of coupling the linearly polarized incidence from the feed into the cavity and releasing the resonant mode with birefringent radiations of right-hand and left-hand CP waves. Our design, performing the beam splitting and polarization conversion simultaneously as a waveguide slot array, should pave the way for building up more advanced meta-surface-based architectures for the manipulations of electromagnetic fields in the transmission regime.

An effective metasurface-based linear and circular polarization converter for C- and X-band applications

In this study, a reflection-mode metasurface-based linear and circular polarization converter is designed for common microwave frequencies (C-band (5.85–8.20 GHz) and X-band (8.20–12.40 GHz)). The proposed polarization converter possesses a right-handed circular polarization (RHCP) capability in the 5.35–5.94 GHz frequency range and a left-handed circular polarization conversion (LHCP) capability in the 8.88–12.03 GHz frequency range. Besides its circular polarization converter capability, it demonstrates linear polarization transformation in the 4.61–4.85 GHz and 6.86–7.78 GHz frequency ranges with a polarization converter rate (PCR) greater than 90%. The design provides an oblique incidence performance up to 45° with 80% PCR value in linear polarization. The CST Microwave Studio (a commercial 3D electromagnetic simulator) was used to obtain simulation results of the design. For validation, the designed converter was first fabricated using the conventional circuit-board method, and then its reflection coefficient was measured by a microwave measurement setup calibrated by the thru-reflect-line method. A good agreement was observed between simulated and experimental results. Finally, the proposed converter design was compared with other converter designs in the literature to examine its effectiveness.

Quad-Band Circular Polarized Antenna for GNSS, 5G and WIFI-6E Applications

A quad-band circularly-polarized antenna, for applications of a global navigation satellite system (GNSS), 5G, and WIFI-6E, is designed, fabricated, and measured. The proposed antenna is formed by an L-shaped radiator, a rectangular frame ground with an L-shaped stub, and a rectangular strip at the opposite corner. The microstrip antenna can generate four frequency bands, covering WIFI-6E (5925–7125 MHz), 5G n77 (3300–4200 MHz), n78 (3300–3800 MHz), and the GNSS bands. This antenna generates right hand circular polarization (RHCP) waves in the low frequency band (0.95–2.11 GHz), covering GPS, BDS, GLONASS, and GALILEO applications. Moreover, an L-shaped aperture and three rectangular slits are cut on the ground to broaden the axial-ratio bandwidth at the upper band. A prototype is fabricated and measured to verify the performance of this design. It is shown that the agreement between the simulation and measurement is satisfactorily good. The measured −10 dB bandwidths for each band are 75.8% (0.95–2.11 GHz), 55.8% (3.05–5.39 GHz), 39.9% (5.84–8.19 GHz) and 10.3% (9.14–10.68 GHz), respectively. While the measured 3 dB axial-ratio bandwidths are 59.4% (1.16–2.14 GHz), 35.8% (3.23–4.64 GHz), 8.4% (5.70–6.20 GHz), and 2.6% (7.51–7.71 GHz), the measured gains are 4.56, 2.28, 4.26, and 4.30 dBi at 1.5 GHz, 3.8 GHz, 6 GHz, and 7.6 GHz, respectively.

Design Approach for Low-Profile Tri-Polarization Patch Antenna With Simultaneous Harmonic Suppression

A novel design approach to achieve harmonic suppression of a low-profile microstrip patch antenna (MPA) under tri-polarization is proposed. Herein, the tri-polarization consists of the left-handed circular polarization (LHCP), right-handed circular polarization (RHCP), and linear-polarization (LP). First, the resonant frequencies of the traditional MPA are deeply studied. It is demonstrated that a set of radiative modes are excited in a single patch resonator. In order to suppress a few undesired modes, an array of shorting vias is loaded around two edges of the quarter patch1. Then, a linear slot is introduced to move dual orthogonal modes closely to each other, resulting in achieving LHCP patterns with harmonic suppression. Similarly, both of RHCP patterns and harmonic suppression are acquired for the quarter patch2 via this method. After that, the shorting vias and slots are adopted on the half patch3, aiming to suppress or push up higher modes for LP generation and harmonic suppression. Lastly, all these three patches are integrated with each other for size reduction. Finally, the proposed MPA is fabricated and measured. The results illustrate that the antenna has satisfactorily gained LHCP, RHCP, and LP radiation patterns of around 2.65 GHz. Besides, the volume of the radiator ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.0058\lambda _{0}^{3}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> , <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is the free-space wavelength) is only half of the traditional counterpart ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.01\lambda _{0}^{3}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ). Additionally, the port isolation is kept as large as about 22 dB in the operating band. Most importantly, the harmonic suppression of around <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2.7~f_{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$f_{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is the operating frequency) is successfully acquired without extra feeding circuits.

Single-Fed Dual-Circularly Polarized Stacked Dielectric Resonator Antenna for K/Ka-Band UAV Satellite Communications

A single-fed dual-band dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) with orthogonal circular polarizations (CPs) in <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">K</i> - and <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Ka</i> -bands is proposed for satellite communications on unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The antenna overcomes the challenges of dual-band dual-CP operation, narrow axial-ratio bandwidth (ARBW) of single-fed antennas, and limited payload and space of UAVs. A shared-aperture merged-structure technique of DRA and slot-dipole antenna is proposed for dual-band dual-CP radiation, thus enabling full-duplex operation with compact size for high isolation systems. The orthogonal CPs in two frequency bands can be controlled independently by a phase compensation method. Besides, broadened ARBW and enhanced gain are attained from the stacked DR, from which high capacity and reliability communication can be achieved. A prototype operating at right-handed CP (RHCP) in the lower band, whereas left-handed CP (LHCP) in the upper band has been designed and measured. It features 10-dB impedance bandwidths of 6.4% and 12.8%, and 3-dB ARBW of 5.2% and 4.1% in the lower and upper bands, respectively. The antenna provides a low cost solution for high isolation, high throughput, and small payload full-duplex UAV satellite systems.

Multi-band different polarized monopole antenna with modified ground for WLAN & Wi-MAX applications

ABSTRACT This paper presents the design and analysis of a multi-band, dual-polarised monopole antenna consisting of a simple equilateral triangular monopole patch configured with a modified ground structure (MGS). In the presented antenna design, quad-band dual-polarised operation has been obtained by creating the three unequal rectangular slots on the ground structure. The proposed monopole antenna produces four individual frequency bandwidths with the dual sense of polarisation, namely linear polarisation (LP) and circular polarisation (CP). The antenna produces quad-band behaviour with linear wave polarisation in Band1, whereas right-hand circular polarisation (RHCP) in rest frequency bands viz. Band2, Band3, and Band4. The measured impedance bandwidths spread from 2.50 to 4.42 GHz in band2; 5.22 to 6.28 GHz in band3; and 8.40 to 10.30 GHz in band4; whereas the impedance bandwidth extends from 1.35 to 2.14 GHz in linearly polarised band 1. The measured axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) extends from 2.82 to 3.20 GHz in band2; 5.17 to 5.94 GHz in band3; and 9.30 to 9.70 GHz in band4, respectively. The constant gain profile has been observed in all frequency bands. The proposed antenna can be applied for WLAN/ WiMAX and Wi-Fi applications.

Broadband achromatic longitudinal bifocal metalens in the visible range based on a single nanofin unit cell

Metasurfaces provide a remarkable platform to manipulate over phase, amplitude, and polarization flexibly and precisely. Bifocal metalens draws great research interest due to its ability of converging wavefronts to different focal positions horizontally and longitudinally. However, as wavelength of incident light changes, chromatic aberration will cause the focal lengths reliance on the incident wavelength, which will affect the performance of metasurface, especially for longitudinal bifocal metalens. In this work, a broadband achromatic longitudinal bifocal metalens (BALBM) based on single nanofin unit cell is demonstrated. Pancharatnam-Berry (PB) phase is used to converge the incident light. Cross commixed sequence distribution (CCSD) is introduced to control the positions of focal points FLand FRwhen left-handed circularly polarized (LCP) and right-handed circularly polarized (RCP) incident. Propagation phase is used to compensate the phase difference caused by chromatic aberration. Simulation results show that in the continuous wavelength range from 500 nm to 700 nm, the focal point shifts caused by chromatic dispersion are reduced 81% for FL and 83% for FR, respectively. The focal length variations are stabilized to 6.21% for FLand 4.8% for FRcomparing with the focal lengths at the initial wavelength 500 nm. The proposed BALBM brings advances to bifocal metasurfaces in versatile application areas including machine vision, optical computed tomography and microimaging.

Optical manipulation of optical vortex beam on gold nanoparticle

ABSTRACT The optomechanical manipulation of an optical vortex beam (Bessel beam) upon a single gold nanoparticle (GNP) was studied theoretically. This structured light carries spin angular momentum (SAM) and orbital angular momentum (OAM) simultaneously via the spin-orbit interaction (SOI) of light. Due to the plasmon-enhanced light absorption and scattering of GNP, the SAM and OAM of photons are transferred to GNP, exhibited by the spin and orbital motions of GNP. The optical force and torque upon GNP are analyzed through the surface integrals of Maxwell's stress tensor. We found that there are specific stable circular orbits of GNP through the simulation of GNP's equation of motion; the revolution direction depends on the sign of the order of Bessel beam. If the order of Bessel beam is a positive integer, the GNP performs an orbital motion with a counterclockwise revolution. On the contrary, for a Bessel beam of a negative order, a clockwise revolution of GNP is induced. Additionally, the spin direction of GNP depends on the handedness of light: right-hand or left-hand circular polarization.

Ultra-wideband circularly polarized cavity-backed crossed-dipole antenna

This letter demonstrates an ultra-wideband circularly polarized cavity-backed crossed-dipole antenna. It consists of a modified crossed-dipole and a modified cavity. Each arm of the modified crossed-dipole is mainly made up by the combination of a triangle and a fan-shaped sector, and the arms within the same layer of substrate are connected by a vacant-quarter ring. The modified cavity is composed of a rectangular cavity, four coupled rotated vertical metallic plates, and four sequentially rotated metallic steps. Through combining the modified crossed-dipole and modified cavity together, ultra-wideband characteristics in terms of − 10-dB impedance bandwidth (IBW) and 3-dB axial-ratio bandwidth (ARBW) can be realized. The IBW and ARBW are correspondingly calculated to be 128.9% and 121.2%. The prototype of the proposed antenna was fabricated and measured. The proposed antenna has a compact size of 0.74 λ0 × 0.74 λ0 × 0.17 λ0 (λ0 is the wavelength at the lowest frequency of operation band). The measured IBW and ARBW are 125.2% (1.67–7.26 GHz) and 120.1% (1.79–7.17 GHz), respectively, which are in good agreement with the simulated ones. The proposed antenna has stable radiation patterns in the operation band and exhibits a right-hand circular polarization with a peak gain of 12.2 dBic at 6.7 GHz.

Design of a circularly polarized microstrip slot antenna using Minkowski fractal by the characteristic mode theory

In this paper, the Minkowski fractal is used for the design of a microstrip slot antenna by the characteristic mode theory, whereby the radiation mode generating the desired radiation patterns is excited. The right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) antenna is first designed and then the method of polarization reversal from RHCP to left-hand circular polarization is presented by the design of the feed system. The FR-4 substrate is used for the design of the slot antenna at 2.45 GHz. Also, the frequency spectrum of ISM includes that of WiFi, which has a single feed port. The use of Minkowski fractal has resulted in 0.28λ0 × 0.28λ0 miniaturization of the slot antenna. For the proof of concept, a prototype model of the proposed slot antenna is simulated, designed, fabricated and measured, which shows good agreement between the simulation results and measurement data.