Instantaneous frequency attributes of ground penetrating radar are extremely helpful in revealing cavities and thin layers, it is susceptible to noise, however, and it has limited resolution. This study develops a new method to resolve these issues. First, we transform trace data to obtain a high-resolution time-frequency representation by performing a multi-synchrosqueezing. Then an advanced ridge estimation method was proposed to extract the instantaneous frequency which improves the anti-interference performance of ridge tracking. The proposed method was evaluated by applying synthetic and field data. The results showed that the method has higher resolution and noise robustness compared with the conventional method results. It is helpful to assess the shape and filling material of the cavity by using the proposed method, extracting instantaneous frequency attribute, and analyzing the time-frequency characteristics of ground-penetrating radar data.