Rich Societies Research Articles

Variability and Pattern of Diseases Following Chronic Heart Failure With LV Systolic Dysfunction Who Had Elevated Serum Cardiac Troponin-1 Ievel.

Objective: The aim of the study was to observe age, sex, age/sex-wise distribution of diseases, occupational status, socio economic status and disease pattern involving chronic heart failure with LV dysfunction.Materials and Methods: This study was prospective, cross sectional and observational, carried out among chronic heart failure with LV systolic dysfunction patients in the department of Cardiology NICVD, Dhaka during the period of April 2004 to December 2004. In this study, total 740 patients of chronic heart failure were evaluated randomly. Among 740 patients, initially 100 patients were selected as chronic heart failure on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria, history, physical examination biochemical, X-ray, ECG and other relevant investigations. Finally, 60 (Sixty) patients were selected by Echocardiography who had ejection fraction 40%. Serum Cardiac Troponin-I was measured in each and every studied patients. In-hospital outcome, age distribution, sex distribution and disease pattern involving chronic heart failure with elevated serum cardiac Troponin-I level were observed in this study.Results: The mean age of the studied patients was 50-20 yrs. Highest percentage (58.33%) was in the age group 41-60 years and lowest (13.33%) in the age range 20-40 yrs. Male patients were higher in number (63.33%) than female patients (33.66%). Among the studied patients, majority were ischaemic Cardiomyopathy (43.33%) followed by idiopathic dilated Cardiomyopathy (30%), valvular heart disease (20%) and lowest (6.67%) hypertensive Cardiomyopathy. Ischaemic Cardiomyopathy were more common (23.33%) in the age group above 60 yrs. Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy was highest (21.67%) in age group 41-60 yrs, valvular heart diseases (15%) in the age group 41-60 yrs and equal percentage (3.33%) of hypertensive heart disease were in the age range of 41-60 yrs & above 60 yrs. Among the male patients, Ischaemic Cardiomyopathy was highest (33.33%) in number whereas idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy was highest (13.33%) in number in female patient. In female Hypertensive heart disease was lowest in both sex. Highest number (53.33%) of patients were in poor socioeconomic status. Lowest (10%) number were rich society. In this study the most common form was left heart failure (55%) and biventricular failure was 45%. 65% patients came from rural area & 35% patients from Urban area. Sedentary worker & housewives suffer most than others.Conclusion: In this study, majority patients were male. Most of the patients were in the age group 41-60 yrs. Majority of the patients were ICM. ICM was more common above 60 yrs Lowest number of patients had hypertensive heart disease. ICM was more in male patients. IDCM was more in female patients. Chronic heart failure was more in sedentary workers than others. Rural people was more affected than Urban people. Left heart failure was more than biventricular failure. Right heart failure or EF 40% were exclude from the study.KYAMC Journal Vol. 6, No.-1, Jul 2015, Page 565-569

Probleme der Klassenanalyse

In analyzing the signs of the times in advanced democratic capitalism, it is pressing for a Marxist left to take into account the motivational structures of the dominated classes. Marxists tend to attribute the current rise of nationalist and authoritarian thinking and the recurrent dominance of protectionist and exclusionary practices to internal struggles in the ruling classes, leading to a split-off of the most reactionary class fractions who in turn successfully address the populace with a racist and pseudo-social semantic and programmatic. But what if such a programmatic is not only a class strategy “from above” and not external to the “actual” social imaginary of the dominated classes? What if at least major parts of the dominated in the rich capitalist societies of Europe and North America may be said to have an (“objective”) interest in sticking to what is given and to opt against solidarity – because they know or at least suspect that, at the end of the day, they profit from the structures of inequality that over decades have been established in global capitalism? What if we admit that, today, the proletarians have more to lose than only their chains? To be sure, class analysis (and, as it were, class struggle) becomes a much harder business then.

Empathy gap – what do we know about empathizing with others′ pain?

Abstract Empathy of pain as a multi-dimensional process includes sharing and understanding the pain of others in relation to oneself. Subjects in such studies are typically members of western, educated, industrialized, rich and democratic societies. In the literature review that we conducted, we observed that little is known about the empathy for pain in people who are not members of societies with these cultural characteristics. We often understand those who are “similar” to us more easily - ones who belong to “our” cultural circle. However, contact with another culture could help prevent such bias. Group characteristics, such as focus on others, hierarchy preference, or cultural differences in self-constructs, can change the activity of brain regions associated with empathy and compassion. Increasing the diversity of the research participants connected with education level, poverty, industrialization, and respect for basic citizen freedoms seem to be necessary to fully understand the mechanisms that influence the development and operation of empathy.

Formiranje novinarskog načina mišljenja kao ključna paradigma obrazovanja novinara - revitalizacija istine u senci propagandnog medijskog modela globalizma

In recent decades, structural changes in journalism have imposed the need to redefine the academic education of journalists. One of the key paradigms in that process is the formation of journalistic mindset. This is the category of journalistic profession almost completely forgotten. In that sense, the new concept of education would go in two directions: professional and ideological. The first one, professional, would have the following: 1. Core standards of the profession 2. critical thinking and 3. development of research spirit, as the necessary components for the competent engagement in business. The ideological direction of journalistic way of thinking would have four important moments: 1. Eliminating the impact of dominant values of rich Western societies as a colonial ideology 2. Insisting on national, rather than foreign interests, 3. Employing the cultural model based on common traditions and values and 4. Changing the consciousness, and focusing on national rather than the colonial one. The aim of this approach to journalistic education is to institutionalize a solid basis for the development of healthy and democratic national consciousness, as an essential segment of journalistic profession, in terms of the impact and significance of media in society. This well-oriented professional way of thinking, would then help in creating the ideological, moral and professional basis for the formation of national aspect of democratic public, which in terms of the current absence of this component, results in inadequate presentation of ideas of national and democratic state.

The Ecology of Withdrawal. Commentary: The NEET and Hikikomori spectrum: Assessing the risks and consequences of becoming culturally marginalized.

The Ecology of Withdrawal. Commentary: The NEET and Hikikomori spectrum: Assessing the risks and consequences of becoming culturally marginalized.

Efter sekulariseringen: förändrade religiösa värden mellan generationer

»… rich societies are becoming more secular…«

Application of PCA and DEA to recognize the true expertise of a firm: a case with primary schools

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify important dimensions which are essential to remain competitive. To generate scores which will be as effective as the original outputs to determine the radial efficiency scores etc. Design/methodology/approach – A non-central principal component analysis (PCA) were used to determine various dimensions for each output. The objective was set to identify those special schools which could minimize certain pre-prescribed scores. Findings – Few schools were trying to concentrate on the students from the rich society and spending less per student. There were other schools which targeted to minimize the social loss by providing education to the poorer section and were funding more for them. Research limitations/implications – Small group was considered. However, the number can be extended. Practical implications – The valuable findings of Hillman and Jenkner (2002), stated that – “Children are entitled to a free, quality basic education. Many children who do attend school receive an inadequate education because of poorly trained, underpaid teachers, overcrowded classrooms, and a lack of basic teaching tools such as textbooks, blackboards, and pens and paper […].” “In an ideal world, primary education would be universal and publicly financed, and all children would be able to attend school regardless of their parents’ ability or willingness to pay. The reason is simple: when any child fails to acquire the basic skills needed to function as a productive, responsible member of society, […] The cost of educating children is far outweighed by the cost of not educating them. Adults who lack basic skills have greater difficulty in finding well-paying jobs and escaping poverty […].” In order to understand which fact has been stressed more the proposed model is very useful. Social implications – It is capable of describing the current standpoint of a group of homogenous schools or firms. Quality and cost cutting principals can be isolated quite easily. Originality/value – Introduces concepts of non-central PCA. Provides alternative scores which are as important as the original output. Detects and analyze various important dimensions.

Wolfgang Streeck's conception of the crisis-phase of democratic politics: a post-Keynesian critique

ABSTRACTDepictions of the politics of crisis in advanced societies (what crisis is and what can be done) continue to pit different strands of political science and heterodox political economy against each other. Economic sociologist Wolfgang Streeck's contributions to these controversies have emphasised ‘embeddedness’, or the need for economies to incorporate non-functional or deliberated elements which allow functional and market-focused processes to play themselves out. Streeck's recent writings on debt-induced crisis nonetheless accept too much orthodox liberal disquiet: most fatefully, a contempt for politics based on what seems to be an untenable assertion – that rich societies have hit the limits of their capacity to increase taxation. Capitalism has entered an ‘end point’, he claims. This article presents, again, contrary evidence and offers suggestions for a revised heterodox understanding of capitalism's current malaise.

THE EMPOWERMENT MODEL OF CASH WAQF TO IMPROVE EDUCATION QUALITY IN ZAKAT INSTITUTIONS

Islam has many solutions in addressing the issue of limitations in education. That is cash waqf. Cash waqf, is expected to narrow the gap between rich and poor society by means of transfering of wealth (the profits from managing cash waqf) from rich to poor. The purpose of this study is to analyze the cash waqf empowerment model in an effort to improve the quality of education. The method is done by in depth-interview with the boards (Leader and Manager program) of Yatim Mandiri, administrators of YKN (Independence Nusantara Foundation), and the staffs of Insan Cendekia Mandiri Boarding School. Limitation of this paper is to investigate the three institutions of zakat mentioned earlier. The results showed that waqfin the form of movable or immovable objects can be utilized and provide benefits to the society. The role of waqf, especially in improving the quality of education, is still limited to the purchase of land. The land is used for institution building of Insan Cendekia Mandiri Boarding School. There is a model of cashwaqf empowerment in the institution of zakat (Yatim Mandiri) that can be replicated in other institutions of zakat. The structure of this paper are: Section 1 describe the development of cash waqfin Indonesia; Section 2 is literature review about cash waqf; Section 3 explain the research model used in this paper; Section 4 is discussion; and the last Section 5 is the authors conclusion and authors recommendation to improve the empowerment of cash waqf.

Agricultural Opinion Leader Communication Channel Preferences: An Empirical Analysis of Participants of Agricultural and Natural Resource Leadership Development Programs

In the information rich society of the 21st century consumers have had access to many different communication channels where they can find information about agricultural topics. Individuals seek information that fulfills their needs and opinion leaders have been identified as a solution to communicating with audiences about complex topics. However, previous research has neglected to focus on the most effective means of communicating with opinion leaders. Using level of opinion leadership as a predictor of communication channel preference within a Uses and Gratifications framework a sample of 3,234 agricultural opinion leaders were surveyed. Descriptive statistics revealed that web pages and meetings are most preferred while Twitter, conference calls, and other communication channels are least preferred amongst agricultural opinion leaders. Furthermore, inferential statistics illuminated the importance of clearly defining an intended audience. Specifically, although opinion leaders are differentiated from non-opinion leaders within their networks there are additional levels of opinion leadership that may warrant consideration when selecting a communication channel.

Contextual Effect of Wealth on Independence: An Examination through Regional Differences in China.

The current study disentangled two different effects of wealth on psychological tendency toward independence: one is an effect exerted at the individual level (i.e., being rich) and the other one is a contextual effect (i.e., being surrounded by rich individuals). Past research has found a stronger tendency toward independence among people in economically developed societies. This association has often been explained as a result of a greater amount of choices, and thus more opportunities to express individuality that wealth affords individuals. In addition to this individual-level process, theories in cultural psychology imply that the wealth-independence link also reflects social processes—living in a rich society, regardless of one’s own wealth, promotes independence (contextual effect of wealth on independence). Through a large-scale survey in China, using multilevel analyses, we found that wealth had both the individual-level effect and contextual effect on independence as well as related psychological tendencies (influence orientation and generalized trust), suggesting that individuals are more likely to be independent with greater personal wealth and when surrounded by wealthy others. Possible processes through which independence is promoted by liing in a wealthy area are discussed.

Online learning: the brave new world of massive open online courses and the role of the health librarian.

In a wired, virtual and information rich society, MOOCs (Massive Open Online Courses) are leading us into a brave new world in which their key role is to support lifelong networked learning. This feature looks at the broad role of MOOCs and considers them within the context of health, and health librarianship. In particular, it provides examples of where health librarians have developed MOOCs and what opportunities there are in the future for health librarians to collaborate in the development and delivery of health MOOCs. H.S.

Green ICT for Rural Development

In India 70% population live in rural areas. This era is internet era. Information and communication technologies (ICT) play an important role in addressing, creating information rich societies and supporting livelihoods of the rural people. Realizing the difference in the needs of urban and rural people, if ICTs are properly deployed then rural people can contribute effectively in economic, social and political empowerment. In India ICT applications such as Warana, Dristee, Sari, Sks, E-Chaupal, Cybermohalla, Bhoomi, E-Mitra, Deesha, Star, Setu, Friends, E-Seva, Lokmitra, E-Post, Gramdoot, Dyandoot, Tarahaat, Dhan, Akshaya, Honeybee, Praja are functioning for rural development, still usage of ICT application in the Rural Development sector is relatively slow. There are many reasons for less usage of ICT applications in rural area. Some of them are poor infrastructure, power, environmental challenges, connectivity, human resources and other non-technical challenges The objective of this study is to find the effective solutions for the above mentioned problems to apply ICT for rural development.

KIN AND NON-KIN MARRIAGES AND FAMILY STRUCTURE IN A RICH TRIBAL SOCIETY.

Human consanguinity is often attributed to poverty, lack of education and social insecurity. Nevertheless, kin unions continue to be arranged in socioeconomically transformed societies. This study examined the structure of families and marriages in the rich tribal society of the United Arab Emirates, which has had a high gross domestic product for the last two generations and currently has one of the highest in the world. The respondents were 217 national medical students whose families are proportionally distributed to the population of the country emirates. The rate of parental consanguinity (defined as a union of any two cousins) was 36%. The social status and mean size of consanguineous and non-consanguineous families were not significantly different. In non-consanguineous families, polygamy was more common and the number of half-siblings per family was higher. The extended families were on average 7% larger among non-consanguineous families. In contrast, for the extended families of the participants' grandparents, non-consanguineous families were smaller than their consanguineous counterparts. Participants from consanguineous families indicated that marriage of either a son or daughter was more difficult to arrange than did participants from non-consanguineous families. Though consanguineous parents had their offspring marry consanguineously more often than non-consanguineous parents, the numbers of married offspring in the two groups of families were not different. Consanguineous parents have more difficulty than non-consanguineous parents in finding spouses for themselves and for their offspring, and they arranged kin marriages for their children more often.

Dialogic spaces: a critical policy development perspective of educational leadership qualifications

The critical exploration of policy development processes employed to construct leadership qualifications is the focus of this inquiry. This exploration is made through specific application of the necessary conditions of Habermasian ‘practical discourse’ to current dialogic procedures used to develop policies for principal, supervisory officer and teacher leadership qualifications. This exploratory inquiry illuminates current means of policy development and the enhancements required for the embodiment of the idealizing conditions of practical discourse. Situating practical discourse within policy development practices for educational leadership also broaches the broader question of establishing a suitable moral epistemology for educational institutions in pluralist societies. As such, the current inquiry represents an important step in the progress of educational governance with relevant implications for all regulatory institutions charged with the task of creating policy guidelines that shape educational leadership practices across highly diverse and culturally rich societies.

Cross‐Cultural Perspectives on Declarative and Nondeclarative Memory From Infancy to Early Childhood

AbstractExtending studies on memory development in childhood that focus primarily on participants from Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic societies and, to a minor extent, from non‐Western societies, in this article, we explore how cultural contexts influence the development of declarative and nondeclarative memory from infancy to childhood. Results show that nondeclarative memory in infants and children growing up in different cultures (Western middle class vs. Cameroonian Nso) develops more similarly than declarative memory. Against the background of these findings, we present ideas to guide cross‐cultural memory research in infants and preverbal children.

How Growing Complexity of Consumer Choices and Drivers of Consumption Behaviour Affect Demand for Animal Source Foods

Many societies are spoiled for choice when they purchase meat and other livestock products, and around the globe food choice has grown dramatically in the last two decades. What is more, besides the cost and obvious health concerns influencing commodity section, an increasing proportion of choices is made to contribute to the achievement of certain ideals, such as natural resource management, climate change mitigation, animal welfare concerns and personal lifestyle. At the same time, human health considerations are becoming more important for consumption choices as richer societies, and increasingly the urban poor in low- and middle-income countries, face an unprecedented epidemic of over-consumption and associated diet-related non-communicable diseases. Animal source foods are considered significant contributors to this trend. This paper reviews this complicated arena, and explores the range of considerations that influence consumers' preferences for meat and other animal source foods. This paper also argues that deeper drivers of consumption behaviour of many foods may act in opposition to the articulated preferences for choices around animal source food consumption. We review how the returns to different causes are being valued, how emerging metrics are helping to manage and influence consumption behaviours, and draw conclusions regarding options which influence food choice.

Impunity and the Marginalization of Women in Nepal: A Socio-cultural Perspective

The condition of Nepalese women is as adverse as the plight of Nature which is treated by people for their own vested interest. The thinking of people around the world is different from the aesthetic beauty of women as well as Nature. However, we can't expect a world without women or nature. To conserve the integrity and sovereignty of Nature and women is a big problem today. It is the responsibility of the government to preserve women's dignity in society. A rich and prosperous society can't be positively imagined unless men show respect and regard for the empowerment of women.

When a rich society gets a bit poorer: the safety net in hard times

When a rich society gets a bit poorer: the safety net in hard times

Debating brain drain: may governments restrict emigration?

Many of the best and brightest citizens of developing countries choose to emigrate to wealthier societies, taking their skills and educations with them. What do these people owe to their societies of origin? May developing societies legitimately demand that their citizens use their skills to improve life for their fellow citizens? Are these societies ever permitted to prevent their own citizens from emigrating? These questions are increasingly important, as the gap between rich and poor societies widens, and as the global migration of skilled professionals intensifies. This volume addresses the ethical rights and responsibilities of such professionals, and of the societies in which they live. Gillian Brock and Michael Blake agree that the phenomenon of the brain drain is troubling, but offer distinct arguments about what might be permissibly done in response to this phenomenon.