Rich Elements Research Articles

A dual-nucleophilic ester-induced supramacromolecular fire-proof hydrogel coating for protecting polymers

Polymer materials are highly vulnerable to fire disaster. However, current research focuses on flame retardancy rather than protection. In this work, two natural extracts of phytic acid (PA) and tannic acid (TA), were successfully compounded via dual-nucleophilic esterification, which facilitated the formation supramolecular hydrogel (T-P5-PAA). This hydrogel was highly remold-able, self-healable, mechanically adaptable, and environmentally durable, which could form a thin (600 μm) protective coating on multiple polymer materials. Multiple aromatic rings and rich phosphorus elements endowed T-P5 with excellent physical/chemical synergistic flame retardancy. The dense nanoscale pore structure within the hydrogel network not only effectively impeded heat conduction and gas transmission but also reinforced the material’s framework, stabilized its structure, and slowed down thermal decomposition and combustion reactions. Resultantly, the time to ignition (TTI) value of the protected substrates was greater than 1280 s, which was increased by more than 2800 %. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) value exceeded 60 vol%. Remarkably, the protected polymer materials could maintain their original structures and mechanical properties even after being contact with flames directly. These phenomena were significantly distinctive from the previously reported flame retardant strategies that structure and performance degradation were often inevitable upon fire. In brief, we believe that our work not only proposes an effective flame protection strategy, but also offers new enlightenment for future design of high-performance supramolecular soft matters.

Metal Organic Framework‐Derived Anionic P‐Substitution toward CoNiSe‐P with Excellent Electrochemical Stability for Supercapacitor

AbstractThe regulation of nanostructures and composition can significantly enhance the electrochemical activity and accelerate electrochemical reaction kinetics of electrode material. Herein, metal organic framework(MOF) is used as self‐sacrificing templates to prepare CoNiSe‐P by hydrothermal with following selenylation and phosphorization treatment. Due to the hollow porous structure, rich electrochemical active sites and elements synergistic influence, the obtained CoNiSe‐P electrode shows a high capacity of 838 C g−1, which is much higher than CoNiSe (322 C g−1) and CoNiP (616 C g−1). Furthermore, CoNiSe‐P electrode shows excellent rate characteristic (685 C g−1 at 20 A g−1) and ultrahigh electrochemical stability with capacity retention of 99.6% after 10 000 cycles. More importantly, an asymmetric supercapacitor is assembled with CoNiSe‐P as the positive electrode and nitrogen‐doped porous carbon as the negative electrode delivers an energy density of 42.4 Wh kg−1 at 266.6 W kg−1 and maintains a specific capacitance of 96.8% after 10 000 cycles. Significantly, the asymmetric supercapacitor shows a high energy density up to 21.3 Wh kg−1 at a very high power density of 21.3 kW kg−1, higher than those of previously reported asymmetric supercapacitors.

Mitochondrial Genome Comparison and Phylogenetic Variety of Four Morphologically Similar Bamboo Pests.

Bamboo snout moths (Lepidoptera, Crambidae) comprise the four species: Eumorphobotys obscuralis, Circobotys aurealis, Demobotys pervulgalis, and Crypsiptya coclesalis. These economically important insect pests of bamboo are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. The lack of precise mitochondrial genetic data has impeded the development of effective identification techniques, accurate classification strategies, and targeted prevention and treatment strategies. In this study, we obtained the complete mitochondrial genome sequences of four bamboo snout moth species using high-throughput sequencing. The mitogenomes were 15,103-15,349 bp in length and contained 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), two ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs), and a noncoding region (A + T rich element), consistent with previously studied Crambidae mitogenomes. We reconstructed the phylogenetic relationships among the four species using Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood methods. The moths that fed on bamboo were well clustered in a single clade. Crypsiptya coclesalis was most closely related to D. pervulgalis, while E. obscuralis was most closely related to C. aurealis. The divergence among the main lineages of 97 Lepidoptera species was reconstructed using an uncorrelated relaxed molecular clock. Analyses of the phylogenetic relationships and divergence times showed that the evolution of lepidopteran species has been closely related to that of their hosts. The data support the development of molecular identification techniques for the four species of bamboo snout moth, and our results provide a basis for targeted control strategies.

Sayburç a mid-9th millennium BC site in the foothills of the Eastern Taurus

A Pre-Pottery Neolithic site at Sayburç is currently being studied as part of the Şanlıurfa Neo-lithic Research Project – Taş Tepler (Türkiye), which is focused on the Neolithic Period at the Şanlıurfa Plateau. The settlement belongs to the early sedentary societies on the plateau, characterized by monumental buildings, T-shaped pillars, and rich symbolic elements that distinguish the region from its contemporaries in Southwest Asia. A growing body of evidence indicates that rituals and the associated symbolism and narratives play a pivotal role in the formation of the region’s early sedentary societies. The construction of special buildings in Sayburç, situated close to dwellings and accompanied by associated symbolism, illustrates the intertwining of the sacred with everyday life. This paper presents the preliminary results of the first three years of research on the site and discusses the cultural dimension of the region itself.

Study on the Integration of Curriculum Ideology and Politics into Geography Classroom Teaching in High School

In the context of the implementation of the fundamental task of making people moral, the implementation of curriculum ideology and politics has become an inevitable trend of educational reform and development. In order to implement General Secretary's instruction that “all courses should be based on morality and provide courses that serve students' growth and success”, this study analyzes the connotation, value orientation and practice path of curriculum ideology and politics, combines the characteristics of geography, and mines out the rich elements of curriculum ideology and politcs in the teaching of geography in high school and proposes the application strategies. This study analyzes the meaning, value orientation and practice path of curriculum ideology and politics.

An Audiovisual Correlation Matching Method Based on Fine-Grained Emotion and Feature Fusion.

Most existing intelligent editing tools for music and video rely on the cross-modal matching technology of the affective consistency or the similarity of feature representations. However, these methods are not fully applicable to complex audiovisual matching scenarios, resulting in low matching accuracy and suboptimal audience perceptual effects due to ambiguous matching rules and associated factors. To address these limitations, this paper focuses on both the similarity and integration of affective distribution for the artistic audiovisual works of movie and television video and music. Based on the rich emotional perception elements, we propose a hybrid matching model based on feature canonical correlation analysis (CCA) and fine-grained affective similarity. The model refines KCCA fusion features by analyzing both matched and unmatched music-video pairs. Subsequently, the model employs XGBoost to predict relevance and to compute similarity by considering fine-grained affective semantic distance as well as affective factor distance. Ultimately, the matching prediction values are obtained through weight allocation. Experimental results on a self-built dataset demonstrate that the proposed affective matching model balances feature parameters and affective semantic cognitions, yielding relatively high prediction accuracy and better subjective experience of audiovisual association. This paper is crucial for exploring the affective association mechanisms of audiovisual objects from a sensory perspective and improving related intelligent tools, thereby offering a novel technical approach to retrieval and matching in music-video editing.

Aesthetic elements in Tagbayiyi ritual performance of the Fiasidi tradition in the Klikor traditional area of Ghana

The chiefs and people of the Klikor Traditional Area in the Volta Region of Ghana celebrate the Fiasidi tradition, an annual religious and cultural festival. A yearly ritual performance known as Tagbayiyi (pilgrimage to the sacred grove) is a part of the Fiasidi tradition. Despite the abundance of research relative to the human and cultural rights aspects of the Fiasidi tradition, there is a glaring lack of research on the aesthetic elements reflected in the Tagbayiyi ritual performance. The study investigated the aesthetic aspects of the Tagbayiyi ritual by highlighting its visual and performing arts to gain a deeper understanding of the Anlo-Ewe cultural identity. The study employed a qualitative ethnographic design to interact and access the viewpoints of the participants. A total of fifteen (15) participants, comprising high priests, tradition keepers, ritual functionaries, and supplicants in the Klikor Traditional Area were sampled using a homogenous type of the purposive sampling approach. The study found that the Tagbayiyi exhibits aesthetic elements such as indigenous costume regalia, sacred stools, local beads, priestly emblems, rhythmic and graceful musical dances among others, which symbolically represent the sociocultural identity of the Klikor people. The study, therefore, recommends that the leadership of Klikor (high priests, council of elders & ritual functionaries) should liaise with the Ghana Museums and Monuments Board, Ghana Tourism Authority, National Commission on Culture, and other cultural institutions to preserve and promote the rich aesthetic elements showcased during Tagbayiyi rite for the benefit of the current and future generations of Klikor.

Identification and characterization of a novel type II toxin-antitoxin system in Aeromonas veronii.

The bacterial type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) system is a rich genetic element that participates in various physiological processes. Aeromonas veronii is the main bacterial pathogen threatening the freshwater aquaculture industry. However, the distribution of type II TA system in A. veronii was seldom documented and its roles in the life activities of A. veronii were still unexplored. In this study, a novel type II TA system AvtA-AvtT was predicted in a fish pathogen Aeromonas veronii biovar sobria with multi-drug resistance using TADB 2.0. Through an Escherichia coli host killing and rescue assay, we demonstrated that AvtA and AvtT worked as a genuine TA system, and the predicted toxin AvtT actually functioned as an antitoxin while the predicted antitoxin AvtA actually functioned as a toxin. The binding ability of AvtA with AvtT proteins were confirmed by dot blotting analysis and co-immunoprecipitation assay. Furthermore, we found that the toxin and antitoxin labelled with fluorescent proteins were co-localized. In addition, it was found that the transcription of AvtAT bicistronic operon was repressed by the AvtAT protein complex. Deletion of avtA gene and avtT gene had no obvious effect on the drug susceptibility. This study provides first characterization of type II TA system AvtA-AvtT in aquatic pathogen A. veronii.

Ribonucleotide reductase small subunit M2 promotes the proliferation of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells via HuR-mediated mRNA stabilization

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), a malignancy of the digestive system, is highly prevalent and the primary cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide due to the lack of early diagnostic biomarkers and effective therapeutic targets. Dysregulated ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) expression has been confirmed to be causally linked to tumorigenesis. This study demonstrated that ribonucleotide reductase small subunit M2 (RRM2) is significantly upregulated in ESCC tissue and that its expression is negatively correlated with clinical outcomes. Mechanistically, HuR promotes RRM2 mRNA stabilization by binding to the adenine/uridine (AU)-rich elements (AREs) within the 3′UTR, resulting in persistent overexpression of RRM2. Furthermore, bifonazole is identified as an inhibitor of HuR via computational screening and molecular docking analysis. Bifonazole disrupts HuR-ARE interactions by competitively binding to HuR at F65, R97, I103, and R153 residues, resulting in reduced RRM2 expression. Furthermore, bifonazole exhibited antitumor effects on ESCC patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models by decreasing RRM2 expression and the dNTP pool. In summary, this study reveals the interaction network among HuR, RRM2, and bifonazole and demonstrated that bifonazole is a potential therapeutic compound for ESCC through inhibition of the HuR/RRM2 axis.

The Exploration and Practice of Constructing the Curriculum Cluster for Japanese (Teacher-oriented) Majors Under the Drive of Certification

Course teaching is the foundation of certification for Teacher-oriented programs, and it’s also an important component of the current reform in university-level Japanese language Teacher-oriented programs. Curriculum clusters have been widely applied in the teaching reform practices of relevant majors at universities due to their characteristics such as high integration of course contents, rich practical teaching elements and adaptability to professional development demands. To further integrate the curriculum cluster with Japanese (Teacher-oriented) programs, efforts are needed to adjust course outlines and optimize teaching content, emphasizing teaching guidance and shifting teaching paradigms, improving teaching methods and upgrading teaching models.

Record-High Superconducting Transition Temperature in a Ti1-xMnx Alloy with the Rich Magnetic Element Mn.

It is well-known that magnetic moments are very harmful to superconductivity. A typical example is the element Mn, whose compounds usually exhibit strong magnetism. Thus, it is very difficult to achieve superconductivity in materials containing Mn. Here, we report enhanced superconductivity with a superconducting transition temperature (Tc) up to a record-high value of about 26 K in a beta-phase Ti1-xMnx alloy containing the rich magnetic element Mn under high pressures. This is contrary to the intuition that magnetic moments always suppress superconductivity. Under high pressures, we also found that in the middle-pressure regime, the Pauli limit of the upper critical field is surpassed. The synchrotron X-ray diffraction data show an unchanged beta-phase with a continuous contraction of the cell volume, which is well-supported by the first-principles calculations. Although the theoretical results based on electron-phonon coupling can interpret the Tc value in a certain pressure region, the monotonic enhancement of superconductivity by pressure cannot seek support from the theory. Our results show a surprising enhancement of superconductivity in the Ti1-xMnx alloy with a considerable Mn content.

The Educational Value and Practical Strategies of Ideological and Political Education in Martial Arts Courses in Universities

With the continuous deepening of education reform, strengthening the construction of ideological and political courses and implementing moral education has become the focus of many universities. The martial arts courses in universities contain rich elements of ideological and political education, and by carrying out corresponding teaching activities, students can ensure their physical and mental health development. Therefore, in the new era, universities and martial arts curriculum teachers should adapt to the development of the world, focus on improving students’ comprehensive abilities, carry out effective teaching activities around ideological and political courses, and effectively deepen the reform of martial arts teaching in universities. This article studies the educational value and practical strategies of ideological and political education in martial arts courses in universities and puts forward corresponding opinions on this.

The ACM Web Conference 2024 Report

The 33rd edition of The Web Conference was successfully held from May 13 to 17, 2024 at Resorts World Convention Centre, Singapore. It was held as in-person conference that also featured rich virtual elements. The first two days of the five-day event featured workshops, tutorials, special days, and symposia. The last three days were the main conference days dedicated to keynote speeches, parallel presentation sessions of research, industry and special tracks, as well as multiple poster and demo sessions. This brief report provides an overview with organization and program details and statistics from Conference Chairs and Program Committee Chairs. Further details can be found at https://www2024.thewebconf.org/. At the conclusion of this report, we express our deep gratitude to authors, volunteers, SIGWEB, steering committee, sponsors and supporters.

Predicting crack behavior in holed plates using deep learning

In this study, we introduce a methodology for predicting the behavior of cracks in holed plates. The foundation of our methodology lies in the generation of rich dataset finite element simulations. These simulations capture the complex mechanical responses exhibited by holed plates under varying initial geometries. Using this dataset as training input, we employ a multilayer perceptron deep learning model to discern the underlying relationships between the plate’s initial geometry and its subsequent crack behavior. Through meticulous data preprocessing and fine-tuning of the model architecture, the MLP undergoes rigorous training and validation to optimize its predictive capabilities. Mean squared errors are utilized to assess the accuracy and generalization capacity of the trained model. The results suggest that this model can serve as a powerful rapid predictive tool, capable of analyzing crack behavior in new instances of the plate’s geometry with remarkable efficiency and accuracy.

A Novel Part Refinement Tandem Transformer for Human-Object Interaction Detection.

Human-object interaction (HOI) detection identifies a "set of interactions" in an image involving the recognition of interacting instances and the classification of interaction categories. The complexity and variety of image content make this task challenging. Recently, the Transformer has been applied in computer vision and received attention in the HOI detection task. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel Part Refinement Tandem Transformer (PRTT) for HOI detection. Unlike the previous Transformer-based HOI method, PRTT utilizes multiple decoders to split and process rich elements of HOI prediction and introduces a new part state feature extraction (PSFE) module to help improve the final interaction category classification. We adopt a novel prior feature integrated cross-attention (PFIC) to utilize the fine-grained partial state semantic and appearance feature output obtained by the PSFE module to guide queries. We validate our method on two public datasets, V-COCO and HICO-DET. Compared to state-of-the-art models, the performance of detecting human-object interaction is significantly improved by the PRTT.

THE CONFLUENCE BETWEEN CHRISTIANITY AND NEOPLATONISM: TRIADOLOGY AND ANTHROPOLOGY

Was Christianity Hellenized or was philosophy Christianized? It is a dilemma that has sparked numerous discussions and conflicting opinions to this day. This debate revolves mainly around the metaphysics of Greek philosophy, which left Christianity with its entire conceptual arsenal. The close relationship between philosophy and religion in Plotinus' time explains why many philosophers engaged in religion and ethics, but also why many Christian theologians perceived theology as the highest form of philosophy. Viewed contextually, the philosophy of Plotinus, having rich elements of mysticism and definition of divinity, can be considered a true religion.

Study on the Path of Enhancing the Ideological and Political Education Function of Volunteer Service Practical Activities of College Students in Local Universities

Volunteerism refers to the participation in activities that utilize one's passion for volunteerism under the premise that it is not appropriate to make gains in order to serve the public and promote social progress. By participating in service activities, volunteers can promote the healthy development of society, and at the same time, their own ability and value will be enhanced accordingly. At the same time, volunteering activities contain rich elements of ideological and political education.

江西书院文化负载词英译研究——以鹅湖书院为例

This study takes Goose Lake Academy in Jiangxi Province as an example to explore the English translation of culture-loaded words in the academy. As an important carrier of Chinese traditional culture, academies contain rich elements of history, philosophy, education and local characteristics, which often face many challenges in the process of English translation. Combining translation theory and practice, this study explores the translation strategies of culture-loaded words, including literal translation, free translation, paraphrased and other methods, in order to maintain the cultural connotation of the original text and ensure the accuracy and readability of the translation.

The Role of the ADF Gene Family in Maize Response to Abiotic Stresses

The highly conserved actin depolymerizing factor (ADF) plays an important role in plant growth, development and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. A total of 72 ADF genes in Arabidopsis, wheat, rice and sorghum can be divided into four groups. The multicollinearity analysis revealed that the maize ADF gene family exhibited more collinearity events with closely related gramineous plants. Fifteen ADF genes in maize were screened from the latest database, and bioinformatics analysis showed that these ADF genes were distributed across seven chromosomes in maize. The gene structure of the ADF gene family in maize exhibits significant conservation and cluster consistency. The promoter region contains rich regulatory elements that are involved in various regulations related to growth, development and adverse stresses. The drought-tolerant ZmADF5 gene in maize was further studied, and it was found that the allelic variations in ZmADF5 were mainly concentrated in its promoter region. A superior haplotype, with drought tolerance, was identified by candidate-gene association analysis of 115 inbred lines. By comparing the phenotypes of anthesis silking interval, grain yield and ear height, it was found that Hap2 performed better than Hap1 under drought stress. This study provides a theoretical reference for understanding the function of the ADF gene family and proposes further investigation into the role of ZmADF5 in abiotic-stress tolerance.

Ferritin heavy chain supports stability and function of the regulatory T cell lineage

Regulatory T (TREG) cells develop via a program orchestrated by the transcription factor forkhead box protein P3 (FOXP3). Maintenance of the TREG cell lineage relies on sustained FOXP3 transcription via a mechanism involving demethylation of cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG)-rich elements at conserved non-coding sequences (CNS) in the FOXP3 locus. This cytosine demethylation is catalyzed by the ten–eleven translocation (TET) family of dioxygenases, and it involves a redox reaction that uses iron (Fe) as an essential cofactor. Here, we establish that human and mouse TREG cells express Fe-regulatory genes, including that encoding ferritin heavy chain (FTH), at relatively high levels compared to conventional T helper cells. We show that FTH expression in TREG cells is essential for immune homeostasis. Mechanistically, FTH supports TET-catalyzed demethylation of CpG-rich sequences CNS1 and 2 in the FOXP3 locus, thereby promoting FOXP3 transcription and TREG cell stability. This process, which is essential for TREG lineage stability and function, limits the severity of autoimmune neuroinflammation and infectious diseases, and favors tumor progression. These findings suggest that the regulation of intracellular iron by FTH is a stable property of TREG cells that supports immune homeostasis and limits the pathological outcomes of immune-mediated inflammation.