The goal of this study is to investigate various anisotropic spherical distribution of cosmic bodies in f ( R ) gravity, where R is the Ricci scalar. Utilizing three separate mathematical gravity models, Karmarkar and Tolman ansatz is taken to explore the nature of certain compact objects. Graphs are used to evaluate the behavior of structural parameters. Then the energy constraints analyzed to explore the applicability of our calculated results for compact stars. We also address the distribution bahavior of matter variables, the equation of state parameter, the measurement of anisotropic parameter, and the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equation. The evaluation of our graphs may provide support for accurate and feasible f ( R ) gravity simulations at both the theoretical and mathematical levels. • The goal of this study is to investigate various anisotropic spherical distribution of cosmic bodies in f ( R ) gravity, where R is the Ricci scalar. • Utilizing three separate mathematical gravity models, Karmarkar and Tolman ansatz is taken to explore the nature of certain compact objects. • Graphs are used to evaluate the behavior of structural parameters, and energy constraints are used to explore the applicability of our calculated results for compact stars. • The evaluation of our graphs may provide support for accurate and feasible f ( R ) gravity simulations at both the theoretical and mathematical levels.