Rhetorical Aspects Research Articles

Rhetorical Aspects in the Poem of "Al-Burdah" by Al-Būṣīrī [60-89]; An Analytical Rhetorical Study

Sharaf Al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Saʿīd Al-Ṣanhājī Al-Būṣīrī (d: 697 AH) was a master of Arabic rhetoric, and his famous poem "Al-Burdah," tagged with "Al-Kawākib AlDurriyyah Fī Madḥ Khayr Al-Bariyyah" is a testament to his skill in this field. The poem is known for its complex and intricate use of rhetorical devices, including metaphor, simile, allusion, and rhyme. One of the most prominent rhetorical devices used in the poem is the use of simile, where the poet compares the Prophet Muḥammad's physical and moral attributes to natural phenomena such as the sun, moon, and stars. This technique highlights the Prophet's greatness and creates vivid and memorable images in the reader's mind. Another notable aspect of the poem's rhetoric is its use of repetition, particularly in the refrain that appears at the end of each stanza. This repetition reinforces the poem's themes and creates a sense of rhythm and musicality that adds to its beauty. Additionally, the poem uses rhetorical questions, hyperbole, and irony to convey its message and engage the reader. Combined with the poem's religious and cultural significance, these techniques have made it a beloved and enduring work of Arabic literature. So, in this article, we will examine the status of the second 31 couplets of "Al-Qaṣīdah Al-Burdah" so that it can be known the artistic quality of such a popular Qaṣīdah.

The Rhetorical Difficulties of Teaching English Novel to the Third Grade from the Instructors' Perspectives

The study aims at revealing the rhetorical difficulties of teaching English novel to the third grade from the instructors' perspectives at the English Department College of Education for Humanities Tikrit and Kirkuk Universities. In order to achieve the aim of the study, a questionnaire has been constructed and distributed to 15 teachers who are teaching English novel to third year students of English Department in the Colleges of Education for humanities at Tikrit and Kirkuk Universities, to find out the nature of the difficulties that face teachers in teaching novel. The population are 25 teachers who teach English novel to the third year students at English Department Colleges of Education for Humanities in Tikrit and Kirkuk Universities, whereas the sample 15 teachers. The questionnaire contains (50) items. The face and content validity of the questionnaire has been ascertained. This study is limited to teaching the Victorian novels "Wuthering Heights" by Emily Bronte "Great Expectations" by Charles Dickens The face and the content validity of the questionnaire have been ascertained. Through the analysis of the results of the questionnaire, it has been found out that the teachers face many rhetorical difficulties in teaching English novel and these difficulties can be categorized into two kinds as follows: Difficulty in understanding rhetorical. Difficulty in teaching a rhetorical. In the light of the obtained results, it is recommended and concluded that rhetorical aspect of novel should be concentrated, explained, analyzed to students.

Vittorio Alfieri e la lingua “classica” di Simeon Marcovici: alcune considerazioni metodologiche sulle traduzioni dell’Oreste e del Filippo

"The most representative Romanian translations of the 19th century can be the subject of an aesthetic-rhetorical study, which, usually, we would devote to an original literary work. Because of their experimental character, the translations are closely linked to the contemporary “language question”: thus, they offer a tool to observe the evolution of literary Romanian in those crucial decades. In other words, we can consider translations as a ground for the reception of Western models and the development of modern literary language. In this study, we propose overcoming the two most popular approaches to Romanian translations: the exclusively lexicographical one, which mainly focuses on the collection of data related to the neological lexicon: the exclusively historical-sociological one, which considers translations as historical-literary and socio-cultural documents without dwelling on the aesthetic-rhetorical values of the literary text. On the contrary, the value of such translations lies not only in their being (useful) witnesses to certain linguistic forms or certain sociological and historical contexts, but in the fact that they are autonomous literary texts. Composed exclusively of translations of literary works and technical texts, Marcovici’s output is a typical example of the extraordinary phenomenon of Romen translations in the first half of the nineteenth century. His prose translations of two of Alfieri’s tragedies, Oreste and Filippo, in a volume published in Bucharest in 1847, mark one of the high points of interest in Alfieri’s output in the Romanian nineteenth century. Such a late interest in an eighteenth-century author like Alfieri, who had played so much part in the Italian, Greek, and Romanian Enlightenment and Preromantic temperament, often cloaked in anti-Tyrannical nationalism, should not be surprising. Marcovici’s entire cultural activity shows a strong “anachronistic” inclination toward neoclassical themes, also motivated by his being professor of rhetoric at the College of St. Sava. For Marcovici, literature is not only to be considered in the same way as a “school of moralization”, but also a model for the correct use of literary language. It follows, therefore, that there should be a determined fidelity to the needs of popularization, to the “simple” style, to the naturalness of vocabulary and to the minimization of the needs of overdeveloped rhetorical language. The contribution will therefore go through some lexicographical, stylistic and rhetorical aspects of the two Alfierian translations, focusing on the “classicism” of Marcovici’s language."

النظر اللغويّ في معرفيّة الإمام جعفر الصّادق (ت148هــ)

Praise be to God, we praise Him, we seek His help, and we seek His forgiveness, and I pray upon Muhammad, His trustworthy servant and His honorable Messenger, and upon his pure and chaste family, the solid foundations of knowledge, and the preponderant weights of wisdom, and peace be upon him.
 And yet, Imam Jaafar al-Sadiq left a great gift from his blessed, supremely eloquent speech, whose eloquence is irresistible, whose sea does not bleed, whose depths are not comprehended, and whose lust is not pursued, since the paths of rhetoric were humiliated for him, as his speech is among the approaches, the buildings are smooth, how not when he is from a house They were known for their eloquence and eloquence, so they are - as Imam Ali (peace be upon him) said - “We are the princes of speech, and in us its veins grow, and upon us its branches let down (the words of Imam Ali, the collection of Al-Sharif Al-Radi, 2008 AD: 448); therefore, Imam Ali bin Al-Hussein (peace be upon him) said ) "They expressed our conversation; I am an eloquent people” (Al-Kulaini, 2002 AD, 1/68).
 The words of Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them) included fragments and luminous glimpses that indicate a clear approach and insightful and distinct linguistic thought, especially what we have received from Imam Jaafar al-Sadiq (peace be upon him) (d. 148 AH). It was set in the middle of the second century of the Hijra (Al-Baghdadi, 1093 AH: 3/343).
 In this research, I have consistently explained the linguistic consideration of the knowledge of Imam al-Sadiq (peace be upon him) according to what we have received of his heritage in this regard. Therefore, it was divided into five axes containing the most prominent clear and bright highlights of Imam Jaafar al-Sadiq in this field of knowledge. It specialized in the linguistic explanatory aspect of the nomenclature, and finally the fifth axis that I devoted to a picture of the rhetorical aspect of Imam al-Sadiq (peace be upon him), and it is worth noting that the opinions, sayings, and rulings of Imam al-Sadiq (peace be upon him) were spread in separate books, which I adopted in this research.

A critical discourse analysis of selected political interviews in Nigerian news media

Several studies have been carried out on political discourse using different linguistic approaches of Pragmatics, Critical Discourse Analysis, Stylistics as well as implicature. However, little attention has been given to the blend of Critical Discourse Analysis and rhetoric as a means to unravel different ideological stances in political discourse. Thus, this paper investigated how ideological beliefs of individuals or groups were conveyed through linguistic expressions to manipulate those of others in political interviews of Nigerian politicians. A total of two (2) interviews conducted by Channels Television were randomly selected. The data for the study were video files downloaded from the official YouTube page of the Channel Tv station and were transcribed so as to draw out relevant extracts. van Dijk’s 2006 socio cognitive aspects of Critical Discourse Analysis and rhetoric were used as its theoretical framework. Findings revealed that ideology is an individual’s perception or experience of the world. It also revealed that the interviewees in the selected interviews deployed language as a strategy of domination and supremacy by exploiting lexical items and strong imperatives which allow them to impose their views on others. Commonly, it was found that they created asymmetrical power relations of privileged ‘we’, ‘us’ and less privileged ‘they’, ‘them’ through positive self-presentation of us and negative other presentation of them. It was also revealed that certain rhetorical and ideological strategies such as actor description, polarisation, burden, categorisation, comparison, consensus, populism, vagueness and appeal to emotions among others present in the selected political interviews are implicitly used to project different ideological positions of the politicians.

Citation Practices in Colombian Undergraduate English Teachers’ Academic Writing

Citation is a crucial rhetorical aspect that plays a fundamental role within academic writing and it is a problematic area for novice writers, especially nonnative undergraduate English teachers. However, little is known about how these teachers cite in the theoretical framework chapters of their monograph. This articles aims at describing the citation practices in a corpus conformed by 22 theoretical framework chapters of monographs written by undergraduate English teachers (UETs) in Colombia. The analysis was constituted by the citation typology of Swales (1986,1990) and Petriḉ’s (2007) functional taxonomy of citations. The results indicate that integral citation is the most used citation type in the corpus of UETs which depicts a simple for of citation. Related to functions, the attribution is highly dominant in this corpus which entails an undergraduate English teachers’ limitation in the variety of function citation. This study can be used to raise awareness on nonnative undergraduate English teachers towards better citation practices in their disciplinary academic papers.

Russia vs. Ukraine: A Subaltern Empire Against the “Populism of Hope”

This article discusses the ongoing Russian war against Ukraine from a postcolonial perspective. It argues that the structure of coloniality in the region is tripartite: besides Russia and Ukraine, the “West” is present as the main significant Other for both sides. With regard to the West, Russia is a “subaltern empire” and Ukraine is a “double subaltern,” peripheral to more than one center of power. Within this complex of imperiality and subalternity, Russia is engaging in a “catching-up imperialism” driven by resentment against the West. Russia has subsumed neighboring states, or parts of them, in brutal violation of the existing international order. Its leaders claim it is only mimicking the hegemon’s (i.e. the West’s) imperialist modus operandi. This geostrategic pattern is captured by Erik Ringmar’s notion of “recognition games.” Fighting in those “deadly games,” Zelensky’s Ukraine is breaking out of its place as a mute subaltern. The rhetorical aspect of Ukraine’s response to Russian aggression can be called a horizontal “populism of hope.” Ukraine has attained global visibility and recognition in the Northern hemisphere as a beacon of grassroots democracy, resilience and freedom. Russia, however, has rebranded itself as the spearhead of a global fight against Western hegemony. The outcome of this military and discursive standoff will largely define a future normative international order displaying new hierarchies of symbolic power.

Kajian Stilistika Pada Cerpen “Penari Dari Kutai” Dalam Kumpulan Cerpen Dunia Sukab Karya Seno Gumira Ajidarma

The meaning of a literary work depends on the use of its stylistic. The use of language style is intended to give a certain effect to a literary work, especially short stories. The object of research used was the short story 'Dancer from Kutai' by Seno Gumira Ajidarma. The purpose of this study is to elaborate the style, meaning and function used in short stories. This study used qualitative descriptive method. In the lexical aspect, the types of words, speech, nouns and verbs are more dominant. In the grammatical aspect, declarative sentences and interrogative sentences often appear. In the rhetorical aspect, there is a perception and imagery

Mixed Messages

Efforts to promote disciplinary literacy can help students integrate knowledge with ways of doing and being within disciplinary settings. Yet, effectively facilitating disciplinary literacy, even within an upper-level undergraduate physics course like the one studied here, is surprisingly hard. This article qualitatively analyzes an instructor’s responses to student lab reports and finds that his comments to students focused on issues of correctness, often at the expense of larger rhetorical concerns of the text. Analysis also suggests that the instructor was thinking about many rhetorical aspects beyond surface-level errors as he read. Together, these findings suggest that efforts to promote disciplinary literacy, especially related to writing instruction, benefit from recognizing the layered contexts of activity in which writing and responding to lab reports take place. These findings hold value for secondary and post-secondary literacy instruction; in broad terms, this study may serve as a cautionary tale by illuminating the overlapping and competing value systems involved in disciplinary literacy efforts

Mobile-assisted academic vocabulary learning with digital flashcards: Exploring the impacts on university students' self-regulatory capacity.

With the global rise in international journals over the past decades, successful communication in science largely hinges upon developing competency in using English as the academic lingua franca. Accordingly, one aspect of developing academic literacy entails helping university students learn a group of medium-frequency and cross-disciplinary words (i.e., core academic vocabulary) employed extensively to describe abstract processes and organize rhetorical aspects of academic discourse. The current study aimed to investigate the contribution of mobile-assisted vocabulary learning with digital flashcards in scaffolding academic vocabulary learning and self-regulatory capacity development among university students. The participants were 54 Iranian university students selected based on their availability in the study context. The participants were assigned to an experimental group (N = 33) and a control learning condition (N = 21). Those in the experimental group used digital flashcards (i.e., Quizlet) to learn academic words in a recently developed core academic wordlist (i.e., NAWL), and the control group used traditional materials (wordlists) to learn the same vocabulary items. The participants' vocabulary knowledge and self-regulatory capacity for vocabulary learning were tested before and after the treatments. The findings indicated that although both groups improved their vocabulary knowledge and self-regulatory capacity after 4 months, the experimental group outperformed the control group in both measures, and the effect sizes of the observed differences were very large. Consequently, the study provided empirical evidence for the effectiveness of mobile-assisted vocabulary learning over traditional materials in developing academic literacy. The findings also indicated that using digital flashcards for vocabulary learning improves university students' capacity for undertaking self-regulated vocabulary learning. The implications of these findings for EAP programs are highlighted.

Revisiting the Hill of Pnyx: The Physical, Rhetorical, and Sociocultural Contexts

This paper offers a holistic reconsideration and reexamination of what the transmitted texts say about the political and rhetorical processes on the hill of Pnyx in classical Athens. It has three specific aims: (1) to explore existing ancient literature references to the Pnyx as a physical and constitutional/political place; (2) to identify and discuss a wide range of aspects of rhetoric in action, or performance, in a suitable sample of symbouleutic (or political) speeches – specifically, the three Olynthiacs and the four Philippics of Demosthenes; and (3) to offer answers to the question about the how physical conditions and the architectural form of the Pnyx might have affected acoustics and delivery of speeches, and why the hill was chosen to be the location of the Athenian Assembly meetings.

Analisis Struktur Mikro (Retoris) dalam Novel Begjane Rustam Karya Pak Met

<p><em>In the process of analyzing prose narratives such as novels, they often encounter difficulties due to relatively less interest in reading and the time spent reading is longer and boring. In order to overcome these difficulties, a critical discourse analysis strategy is used to assist in understanding literary works. The research method in this research is descriptive qualitative research that uses a critical discourse analysis approach to the Teun A. Van Dijk model. This study uses one level of critical discourse analysis of the Teun A. Van Dijk model, namely the micro (rhetorical) structure. The source of the data used in this research is a document, namely the novel Begjane Rustam by Pak Met. The purpose of this study is to describe the microstructure of the rhetorical aspects contained in Pak Met's Begjane Rustam novel. The results show that Begjane Rustam's novel contains three rhetorical aspects, namely 1) graphic elements are shown in the use of italics and bold print, 2) metaphorical elements are shown in the use of figurative language (majas), and 3) expression elements are shown in the depiction of character expressions. directly by the author. It can be concluded that Pak Met's Begjane Rustam novel includes three rhetorical aspects (microstructure) namely graphics, metaphors, and expressions.</em></p>

O retorycznych aspektach tęczy: od konstruowania tożsamości do strategii marketingowej

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest zaprezentowanie użycia motywu tęczy na elementach otaczającej nas rzeczywistości materialnej, takich jak ubrania, akcesoria, meble, dekoracje, ale przede wszystkim w komunikacji marketingowej firm i marek. Analiza ta wyrasta z przekonania o roli rzeczy jako czynników kształtujących rzeczywistość społeczną zgodnie z teorią aktora-sieci Bruno Latoura. Wytwory materialne będące nośnikami motywu tęczy nabierają niekiedy waloru retorycznego, gdy tęcza jako symbol staje się narzędziem przekonywania. Te właśnie sytuacje, a szczególnie użycie tęczy jako symbolu środowisk LGBTQ+ w celu kształtowania wizerunku marki, znane jako tęczowy kapitalizm oraz tzw. rainbow washing zostaną zbadane w artykule za pomocą narzędzi retoryki, a zwłaszcza retoryki wizualnej. Perswazja nie odbywa się tu bowiem za pomocą kodu werbalnego, lecz głównie przez kod wizualny. Do wyjaśnienia tych zjawisk zostaną wykorzystane narzędzia retoryki, takie jak koncepcja identyfikacji oraz dwa elementy z triady środków perswazyjnych: ethos i pathos. Także rozróżnienie perswazji i manipulacji okaże się przydatne w analizie omawianego zjawiska.

A Proposed Teaching Perspective for Developing Rhetorical Appreciation Skills of Quranic Texts Among University Students

This study aimed to develop a proposed teaching perspective for teaching semantic issues for Arabic language students at the university to encourage them to appreciate Quranic texts. To achieve this, the descriptive method that is based on induction, analysis and interpretation, was adopted. The study population and sample consisted of a number of experts in curricula and teaching methods as well as specialists in Arabic linguistics. The proposal presented a list of rhetorical appreciation skills related to issues of semantics to appreciate Quranic texts in order to show aspects of the miraculous rhetoric while teaching the rhetoric course. The proposal also included objectives, content, activities, teaching strategies, teaching aids, evaluation, and teaching tips for teaching the course according to the proposed perspective. Results of the theoretical aspect led to a list of rhetorical appreciation skills related to issues of semantics to appreciate Quranic texts. The theoretical results also stressed the need to introduce the rhetoric course to make students acquire rhetorical skills, and the importance of teaching rhetoric and linking this to the Holy Qur’an. As for the practical aspect, the study sample agreed on the importance of the proposed teaching perspective, with a high degree ranging between (90%) and above in all dimensions.
 Keywords: perspective, teaching, proposal, development, skills, appreciation, rhetoric.

A Proposed Teaching Perspective for Developing Rhetorical Appreciation Skills of Quranic Texts Among University Students

This study aimed to develop a proposed teaching perspective for teaching semantic issues for Arabic language students at the university to encourage them to appreciate Quranic texts. To achieve this, the descriptive method that is based on induction, analysis and interpretation, was adopted. The study population and sample consisted of a number of experts in curricula and teaching methods as well as specialists in Arabic linguistics. The proposal presented a list of rhetorical appreciation skills related to issues of semantics to appreciate Quranic texts in order to show aspects of the miraculous rhetoric while teaching the rhetoric course. The proposal also included objectives, content, activities, teaching strategies, teaching aids, evaluation, and teaching tips for teaching the course according to the proposed perspective. Results of the theoretical aspect led to a list of rhetorical appreciation skills related to issues of semantics to appreciate Quranic texts. The theoretical results also stressed the need to introduce the rhetoric course to make students acquire rhetorical skills, and the importance of teaching rhetoric and linking this to the Holy Qur’an. As for the practical aspect, the study sample agreed on the importance of the proposed teaching perspective, with a high degree ranging between (90%) and above in all dimensions.
 Keywords: perspective, teaching, proposal, development, skills, appreciation, rhetoric.

The Use of Persuasive Appeals in Iraqi Covid-19 Selected News Reports

In 2020, Covid-19 was the primary subject of discussion in the international media. Numerous news articles have been written about it, making it worthy for scholars and researchers to investigate in order to elucidate the linguistic characteristics that are used in such news. Accordingly, this study aims at presenting the theoretical aspects of persuasion and rhetoric. In addition, it demonstrates Lucas’ (2009) three persuasive appeals – ethos, logos, and pathos – as well as identifies and reveals their use and efficiency in Iraqi Covid-19 news articles published by Almada Newspaper and BAGHDADTODAY.NEWS. The findings of the present study suggest that the three rhetorical appeals are employed differently in the two types of data. More importantly, the three appeals are much more effective in the English data than in the Arabic data.

Subtitling Research in the Arab World: Review Article

This article outlines the most important trends in subtitling research in the Arab World. Despite its importance, immediacy of reception and the broad audience subtitles reach, academia has lagged for decades and failed to cope with the growing subtitling industry, missing great opportunities for research, practice as well as the teaching of subtitling in institutions of higher education. However, a good number of subtitling practitioners and academics have realized this wide gap in the research and started to carry out serious projects to investigate this area. This article reviews the current body of literature that spans the past twenty years and highlights the major areas of research as well as the gaps that still exist. This review has found out that the major areas that have been covered so far include technical aspects of subtitling; linguistic difficulties (lexical, syntactic, semantic, pragmatic, etc.); rhetorical aspects (such as euphemism, humor and word play); and cultural appropriateness (in relation to censorship to hide swearwords and obscenities as well as religious connotations, taboos, idioms, etc.). Many of these studies have suggested translation strategies to address these challenges (e.g., omissions, paraphrase, modulation, adaptation and transcreation). However, the article also points out some gaps in the research such as the relevenace of subtitling to some translation theories and linguistic models like the Interpretive Theory of Translation (ITT), Relevance Theory, Accommodation Theory, Descriptive Translation Studies (DTS), Grice’s Cooperative Principle and Brondeel’s Model. There is also a huge gap in accessibility studies which aim to make audiovisual material accessible to people with sensory (visual or aural) disabilities. Additionally, the usefulness of subtitling to foreign language teaching and learning has not been adequately researched in Arab universities. Therefore, these areas merit the attention of researchers in the future.

The Works of Charles Sorel in the Context of the Debate on “Vraisemblance” in the French Aesthetics of the 17th Century

The article analyzes the peculiarities of understanding the most important category of verisimilitude (vraisemblance) for the French aesthetics of the 17th century from the point of view of the French writer Charles Sorel, author of the “La vraye histoire comique de Francion” (1623–1633). Sorel attaches great importance to the category of verisimilitude, even to the point that he makes “vraisemblance” the main one for building the evolutionary system of the novel genre. In this case, in order to properly understand his creative and aesthetic views, it seems necessary to determine what exactly he understands by verisimilitude. Considering two fundamental aspects of the category of verisimilitude of the 17th century – rhetorical and mimetic – we analyze the particularities in the understanding of the category of verisimilitude by Sorel. Sorel rejects everything that concerns the rhetorical aspect of verisimilitude, that is, he denies everything that concerns the moralizing attitude of the work, focusing on the mimetic aspect, that is, on the proper embodiment of reality in a work of fiction. Nevertheless, despite the apparent similarity of Sorel’s position with the concept of mimesis, when analyzing his works, we see that his views are so different from the generally accepted model, allowing researchers to talk not about mimesis, but about Sorel’s counter-mimesis. This position anticipated the specifics of the literature of libertinage of the 18th century and the laws of realism in the literature of the 19th century.

Два крыла художественного письма

The article examines the correlation between aesthetic and rhetorical aspects of artistic writing in a historical perspective. Before the “aesthetic revolution” of the 18th century, which was marked with the publication of Baumgarten’s Aestheticism, written language, while possessing an essentially creative potential, was conceived purely rhetorically, not as the creation of conditional holistic worlds, but as a textforming craft of a special kind. The discovery of the creative nature of art served as a powerful impulse for its development and shaped classical European artistry. A mental crisis of artistic culture at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries resulted in an imbalance between the aesthetic and rhetorical vectors of artistic writing. Avant-garde provocation, political engagement, and consumer fiction depreciated the aesthetic component of art from various angles. The critical discord between de-aestheticization of artistic writing and the rehabilitation of its aesthetic value was embedded in the formation of a theory of literature as a science, which took place in the polemic between “aesthetics of verbal creativity” by M.M. Bakhtin and purely rhetorical poetics of the formal school. This confrontation, which gave rise, in particular, to the phenomenon of “postmodernism,” continues to this day. It is in this confrontation that the fate of literature as an art of the word is decided.

Крестьянский пессимизм в годы коллективизации 1920-1930-х гг.: антисоветская риторика поколения «революционного перелома»

The Soviet policy of collectivization, which sought to forcibly bring the regime of agriculture functioning in accordance with general political course on total control and authorities dictate, could not but cause discontent among the peasant population leaning to balanced autonomy. The article examines the phenomenon of peasant anti-Soviet pessimism, expressed in anti-collectivist rhetoric of the agrarian class representatives. A number of studies on the problems of public sentiments of peasants in the days of collectivization have analyzed various aspects of this problem, however, its rhetorical aspect remains poorly studied, although it significantly complements fragmented socio-psychological portrait of the Soviet village during the collectivization. The study is to eliminate this gap in scientific knowledge. It is built on the principles of historicism and objectivity, uses historical-comparative, deductive and retrospective methods. Its object is peasants of the “revolutionary turning point” generation, born in late 19th century, who took an active part in social and political life in the 1905-1930s (following Yu. A. Levada’s classification). The study is based on a wide array of both published and newly introduced archival materials from the State Archive of the Russian Federation (GARF), the Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History (RGASPI), the Russian State Archive of Economics (RGAE), and the State Archive of Socio-Political History of the Tambov Region (GASPITO). It focuses on the analysis of letters and complaints of peasants of the “revolutionary turning point” generation and on the study of reports of the Joint State Political Directorate (OGPU) on the sentiments of the Soviet village during collectivization. The authors underscore the need to create a classification of rhetoric by its content, reflecting passive dissatisfaction of the peasants with the collectivization policy. Primarily, there was nostalgic rhetoric associated with patriarchal roots of the Russian peasantry, in whose historical memory paternalistic autocracy looked better than foreign and alienating Soviet power. Secondly, there was comparative rhetoric drawing parallels between the policy of collectivization and “war communism,” based on point-blank rejection of the actions of Soviet government and their comparison with banditry. Thirdly, there was rhetoric of doom in absence of any satisfactory historical prospect for peasant life, meaning its socio-economic autonomy, as well as survival. Fourthly, there were elements of introspection explaining the behavior of peasants forced to make concessions to the Soviet government contrary to their own interests. Analysis of sources suggests that rhetorically peasants’ protest against the collectivization was reduced to passive forms of resistance. Nothing remained to the exsanguinated peasantry, but nostalgic complaints; rare bold statements about leaving kolkhozes were drowned in humility, traditional for the Russian peasant culture, and bemoaning the growing sense of doom and defeatist recognition of the need to obey the authorities’ initiatives.