Rhetoric Of Texts Research Articles

The Issue of Indirect Meaning: On the Rhetorical Modifications in Fine Arts

The article proposes to adapt the experience of rhetorical understanding of the text to the aesthetic issues of trope in the fine arts. Differentiating the rhetoric of figures and the rhetoric of the text as a whole, author proves the determination of the rhetorical (poetic) function in the fine arts as a means of self-detection of work’s artistic language involved in creation of meaning and as a set of operations leading to the semantic changes and to the integration of text semantics. Significance of metalogism as a type of rhetorical transformation in the fine arts has been revealed. A thesis that the category of visual metalogisms includes operations associated with the deviations from visual perceptual and logical codes present in a work, which is the specificity of the fine art systems of the modern art, has been put forward. Regarding the analysis of metalogisms, author concludes that the refusal from the principles of mimesis, the reduction of the optical illusion and the beginning of scene, which were typical for the art of the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries, are the ways to realize poetic (rhetorical) function of language in the fine arts. The article reveals the functional heterogeneity of the various types of intertextual relations, suggested by the rhetoric of text. It has been accented that one of the sources, that generate indirect meanings in art, is a communicative situation, given by the presence of the centers of semantic uncertainty in a work and leading to activation of autocommunication acts. Taking into account the distinguishing between linguistic and extralinguistic symbolism, the proposed model can become a methodological basis for the differentiation of historical types of symbolism in art, including non-classic specific for art.

Argumentation schemes: From genetics to international relations to environmental science policy to AI ethics

Argumentation schemes have played a key role in our research projects on computational models of natural argument over the last decade. The catalogue of schemes in Walton, Reed and Macagno’s 2008 book, Argumentation Schemes, served as our starting point for analysis of the naturally occurring arguments in written text, i.e., text in different genres having different types of author, audience, and subject domain (genetics, international relations, environmental science policy, AI ethics), for different argument goals, and for different possible future applications. We would often first attempt to analyze the arguments in our corpora in terms of those schemes, then adapt schemes as needed for the goals of the project, and in some cases implement them for use in computational models. Among computational researchers, the main interest in argumentation schemes has been for use in argument mining by applying machine learning methods to existing argument corpora. In contrast, a primary goal of our research has been to learn more about written arguments themselves in various contemporary fields. Our approach has been to manually analyze semantics, discourse structure, argumentation, and rhetoric in texts. Another goal has been to create sharable digital corpora containing the results of our studies. Our approach has been to define argument schemes for use by human corpus annotators or for use in logic programs for argument mining. The third goal is to design useful computer applications based upon our studies, such as argument diagramming systems that provide argument schemes as building blocks. This paper describes each of the various projects: the methods, the argument schemes that were identified, and how they were used. Then a synthesis of the results is given with a discussion of open issues.

A Study of Swearing in Shijing

This paper mainly studies the swearing in Shijing from two aspects, one is the way of swearing behavior, the other is the social thought reflected in the swearing. There are 182 swearing behaviors in Shijing, of which 37 are Guofeng, 73 are Xiaoya and 72 are Daya.<BR> According to whether the linguistic reference of swearing behavior directly reflects the information the swearing actor wants to express, swearing behavior can be simply divided into direct swearing and indirect swearing. Direct swearing behavior means that the swearing actor directly makes a negative evaluation on a certain character or behavior of the swearing object. Indirect swearing behavior means that the swearing actor chooses a reference object, compares the swearing object with it, and expresses his negative evaluation on the other party through metaphor and contrast. Among the swearing behaviors in the Book of Songs, 132 were direct swearing behaviors and 50 were indirect swearing behaviors. The most commonly used direct swearing behavior is evaluation, while the most frequently used indirect swearing behavior is metaphor.<BR> Swearing in Shijing is very artistic, which is mainly reflected in text rhetoric and text construction. These two points are closely related to the expression of

Discourse of tourism: rhetoric and metaphorical aspects (in education and tourist brochures)

Modern transportation and communication technology, the Internet, have put people closer together, made the world a tiny place indeed, thus making interaction and cooperation between countries faster and ever more consistent. Growing numbers of interpersonal connections on the global scale often level traditions and cultures. Development of mass culture is making people, to some extent, similar. The urge to stabilise one’s internal structures of personality had become a natural reaction to these processes, that is why creating positive cultural image is now a pressing need for many. Tourism as a type of cross-cultural communication is one of the powerful stimuli for that need as well as the source of positive perception of one’s environment. In this article we will address the following issues: text rhetoric of educational and tourist brochures as well as their discourse, connected by genre of educational tourism brochure. We argue that it is possible to build and enhance the positive image of a region by means of linguistics, i.e., using a particular method of discourse – language of tourism – and various techniques that we point out when we describe specific features of discourse of education and discourse of tourism.

한중 순차통역에서 나타난 수사적 방법에 대한 고찰

Since diplomatic relations between Korea and China normalized in 1992, there has been an overwhelming increase in the number of interpreters and translators that connect speakers of the two countries. However, during the Korean-Chinese consecutive interpretation process, it is common to encounter literal expressions that reproduce the syntactic structure of Korean as it is or awkward expressions that impede the comprehension of the listener. However, there are not many studies that focus on this issue. This study recognized this problem and analyzed errors based on 560 texts from 40 graduates of the Graduate School of Interpretation and Translation in order to provide practical data to the Korean-Chinese consecutive interpretation education field. In order to examine the types of rhetorical errors that appear in the results of learners of Korean-Chinese consecutive interpretation, errors were classified into word rhetoric, phrase rhetoric, sentence rhetoric, and text rhetoric according to the rhetoric structure. The appropriateness of active phonology was considered as well. This paper aims to provide practical and educational material that can be used in the field of consecutive interpretation education from Korean to Chinese.

중국영화 제목의 한국어 번역에 대한 수사학적 고찰 : 2010~2017년 영화를 중심으로

Since the title of the film implies the content of the work, it is closely related to the performance of the movie and it can influence the interest of the audience. The translation of movie titles is closely related to rhetoric in that it aims at accurate and efficient delivery. If one uses rhetoric when translating movie titles, one will be able to effectively communicate the doctrinal message or content that the movie contains. In this paper, we classify seven proper titles translated from novel and novel, and analyze the causes of them. We analyze the causes of the rhetoric, meaning transitive rhetoric, syntactic structure rhetoric, emotional appeal rhetoric, and the text rhetoric to analyze the Korean translation of the Chinese film in terms of the rhetoric of each example. When translating a movie title, it should represent the content of the film implicitly, and should include the meaning of the original title, and the message to be conveyed through the theme of the actual work and the movie should be reflected well. The task of translating Chinese film titles into Korean should be familiar with the cultures of both Korea and China. Rhetorical methodology can be used to increase the accuracy of movie titles, and Korean translation studies of Chinese film titles using this methodology may help audiences understand Chinese films more thoroughly.

On Writing the History of So Much Grief: Cotton Mather's Decennium Luctuosum and the Trauma of Colonial History

In 1699 Cotton Mather published his history of King William's War, Decennium Luctuosum. Historians and literary critics have taken note of the bodily violence throughout the text and have argued that the text's rhetorical and rhetoric of violence suggest his anger at Puritan settlers for turning away from Ministerial authority. This study takes a different approach to Decennium Luctuosum by acknowledging the importance of grief in the text. It argues that grief and trauma were key to understanding how Mather attempted to regenerate the Puritan community in the wake of the crisis it experienced in the sorrowful decade of the 1690s.

Measuring Moral Rhetoric in Text

In this paper we present a computational text analysis technique for measuring the moral loading of concepts as they are used in a corpus. This method is especially useful for the study of online corpora as it allows for the rapid analysis of moral rhetoric in texts such as blogs and tweets as events unfold. We use latent semantic analysis to compute the semantic similarity between concepts and moral keywords taken from the “Moral foundation Dictionary”. This measure of semantic similarity represents the loading of these concepts on the five moral dimensions identified by moral foundation theory. We demonstrate the efficacy of this method using three different concepts and corpora.

“The Rhetoric of Text” Reconsidered in Fiction and Autobiography

The paper presents several rhetorical principles that Leech and Short first introduced in “The Rhetoric of Text,” chapter seven of Style in Fiction, in order to then analyze texts from Hemingway (fiction) and Sting (non-fiction).

Die sosiaal-wetenskaplike kritiese eksegese van Nuwe-Testamentiese tekste: ’n Kritiese oorsig van die eerste resultate

The social-scientific critical exegesis of New Testament texts: A critical assessment of the first results &#x0D; &#x0D; The article is the second of a series that aim to introduce social-scientific exegesis of New Testament texts. Social-scientific criticism represents an exegetical approach by means of which the rhetoric of texts is interpreted in light of their cultural environment and the social interaction that determines this context and semeiotic codes. The first article focuses on the initiators in the field of historical-critical exegesis who paved the way to social scientific criticism and it explains key facets of the “new” exegetical approach. This article explains some models and methods of social-scientific criticism and focuses on some advantages of social scientific criticism.

Inleiding tot die sosiaal-wetenskaplike kritiese eksegese van Nuwe-Testamentiese tekste: Die metodologiese aanloop in die navorsingsgeskiedenis

Introducing the social-scientific critical exegesis of New Testament texts: Methodological initiators in the research history&#x0D; &#x0D; The article is the first of a series of three that aim to introduce social-scientific exegesis of New Testament texts. Aspects of the social background of these writings are analyzed in light of the perspectives which underlie the dynamics of first-century Mediterranean social world. The article shows that social-scientific criticism of the New Testament represents an exegetical approach by means of which the rhetoric of texts is interpreted in light of their cultural environment and the social interaction that determines this context and semeiotic codes. The first article focuses on the initiators in the field of historical-critical exegesis who paved the way to social scientific criticism and explain key facets of the “new” exegetical approach. The second article explains some models and methods of social-scientific criticism. The third article discusses some advantages of social scientific criticism and poses a critique of the approach by reflecting on the positivism that could underlie the epistemology behind some interpretation models used in social scientific criticism. It concludes with an emphasis on cultural criticism as a hermeneutical challenge.

The Rustler: A Tale of Love and War in Wyoming by Frances McElrath

3 1 4 WAL 3 8 . 3 F a l l 2 0 0 3 original, independent thinking. These strengths are complemented by the clar­ ity and coherence of his prose and by what I’ll call his overall tonal sensitivity or fair-mindedness in addressing the strengths and weaknesses of critical approaches in the field. While his discussion of, say, Welch’s Winter in the Blood in the context of the “blood/land/memory complex” tends to dilute its textural density, his methodology particularly reaps dividends when he draws out the veiled, strategic oppositional rhetoric in texts immediately after World War II. In addition to such local strengths of analysis and clear framing of the argu­ mentative stakes, Allen’s method also potentially offers a way through the con­ temporary skirmishes being fiercely waged between those attuned to a globaliz­ ing, pan-ethnic approach and those advocating absolutist, local definitions of ethnic or racial identity. This is a noteworthy book that deserves wide reading. The Rustler: A Tale of Love and War in Wyoming. By Frances McElrath. With an introduction by Victoria Lamont. L incoln: U n iversity o f N ebraska Press, 2002. 193 pages, $19.95. Reviewed by Nicole Tonkovich U niversity of C alifornia, San D iego In 1902, the events of the Johnson County War, ten years after its occur­ rence, were fictionalized in two novels. One, Owen Wister’s The Virginian became the fountainhead of a century of imaginative writing about the West; the other, Frances McElrath’s The Rustler— promoted as a tale full of adventure, love, and suspense— sank into oblivion. One hundred years later, McElrath’s novel is once again available. Read through contemporary eyes, The Rustler sheds new light on Wister’s novel and its literary progeny. It exposes the complexities of western economics underlying the phenomenon of rustling and emphasizes the centrality of women— as settlers, as objects of exchange, as writers, and as centrally important ideological relays— in the turn-of-the-century West. Written by Easterners transplanted to Wyoming, the retrospective narra­ tive of each of these eerily similar novels follows the fortunes of an upwardly mobile cowboy in a corporatizing West. The virtue of the cowboy-hero is assayed in relation to cattle rustling. Each protagonist pursues a love affair with an upper-class, eastern schoolteacher who is the key to his social advancement. The differences between the two novels, however, are far more suggestive. Unlike The Virginian, The Rustler makes unbranded cattle, both as economic resources and as figures of other patrimonies, central to the plot. While the Virginian rises into the managerial ranks by his willingness to prosecute rustling, even when it is done by his closest friend, The Rustler's hero, Jim, embraces cattle-thieving as a socially justified act, marking the resistance of the cowboy-laborer to the domination of the western cattle market by effete eastern businessmen. Whereas The Virginian reports the lynching of Steve as a B o o k R e v i e w s 3 1 5 tastefully muted offstage incident, The Rustler emphasizes the violent out­ comes of rustling on those who practice it, as well as their families. The Rustler features a cast of mavericks, human as well as bovine, includ­ ing Mavvy, a heroic orphan girl; Tips, a child-cowboy adopted by Jim; Hazel, a newly orphaned elite woman unsure of her inheritance; and Jim, who has fled an abusive childhood home for life on the range. Unlike The Virginian’s marriage plot, which promises to reunite the divided postbellum nation in the open spaces of the West, The Rustler’s denouement is fragmented. The epony­ mous Jim dies a slow and excruciating death, the result of vigilante justice, nursed by the repentant Hazel, whose dissembling flirtation is at least partly the cause of his flawed decisions. Horace, Hazel’s erstwhile eastern suitor, mar­ ries Mavvy instead. Hazel ultimately refuses to be rounded up and branded as any man’s wife, choosing to devote her life to educating and bettering the social position of the children of Jim’s band of rustlers. Victoria Lamont, who first brought this novel to the attention of western...

Style in Fiction: A Linguistic Introduction to English Fictional Prose

Foreword Introduction Part I: Approaches and methods 1. Style and Choice 2. Style, Text and Frequency 3. A Method of Analysis and some Examples 4. Levels of Style Part II: Aspects of style 5. Language and the Fictional World 6. Mind Style 7. The Rhetoric of Text 8. Discourse and Discourse Situation 9. Conversation in the Novel 10. Speech and Thought Presentation Passages and topics for further study Further reading Bibliography Index of works discussed General index