rGO Film Research Articles

Clinically Deployable Bioelectronic Sensing Platform for Ultrasensitive Detection of Transferrin in Serum Sample

Varying levels of transferrin (Tf) have been associated with different disease conditions and are known to play a crucial role in various malignancies. Regular monitoring of the variations in Tf levels can be useful for managing related diseases, especially for the prognosis of certain cancers. We fabricated an immunosensor based on graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets to indirectly detect Tf levels in cancer patients. The GO nanosheets were deposited onto an indium tin oxide (ITO)-coated glass substrate and annealed at 120 °C to obtain reduced GO (rGO) films, followed by the immobilization of an antibody, anti-Tf. The materials and sensor probe used were systematically characterized by UV-Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) were also used for the stepwise sensor probe characterizations and Tf detection in serum samples, respectively. The anti-Tf/rGO/ITO immunosensor DPV output demonstrated an excellent Tf detection capability in the linear range of 0.1 mg mL-1 to 12 mg mL-1 compared to the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) detection range, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.010 ± 0.007 mg mL-1. Furthermore, the results of the fabricated immunosensor were compared with those of the ELISA and autobioanalyzer techniques, showing an outstanding match with < 5% error and demonstrating the immunosensor's clinical potential.

Architecting fire safe hierarchical polymer nanocomposite films with excellent electromagnetic interference shielding via interface engineering

Integrating high flame retardancy and excellent electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding into polymetric materials is extremely necessary, and well dispersing conductive fillers into polymeric materials is still a great challenge because of incompatible interfacial polarity between polymer matrix and conductive fillers. Therefore, under the premise of maintaining integral conductive films in the process of hot compression, constructing a novel EMI shielding polymer nanocomposites where conductive films closely adhere to polymer nanocmposites layers should be a fascinating stratety. In this work, salicylaldehyde-modified chitosan decorated titanium carbide nanohybrid (Ti3C2Tx-SCS) was combined with piperazine-modified ammonium polyphosphate (PA-APP) to fabricate thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) nanocomposites, which were used for construction of hierarchical nanocomposite films by inserting reduced graphene oxide (rGO) films into TPU/PA-APP/Ti3C2Tx-SCS nanocomposite layers through our self-developed air assisted hot pressing technique. The total heat release, total smoke release and total carbon monoxide yield for TPU nanocomposite containing 4.0 wt% Ti3C2Tx-SCS nanohybrid were 58.0%, 58.4% and 75.8% lower than those of pristine TPU, respectively. Besides, the hierarchical TPU nanocomposite film containing 1.0 wt% Ti3C2Tx-SCS presented an averaged EMI shielding effectiveness of 21.3 dB in X band. This work provides a promising strategy for fabricating fire safe and EMI shielding polymer nanocomposites.

Monitoring Water Absorption and Desorption in Untreated and Consolidated Tuff by a Non-Invasive Graphene-Based Humidity Sensor.

A hybrid montmorillonite (MMT)/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) film was realised and used as a non-invasive sensor for the monitoring of water absorption and desorption in pristine and consolidated tuff stones. This film was obtained by casting from a water dispersion containing graphene oxide (GO), montmorillonite and ascorbic acid; then the GO component was thermo-chemically reduced and the ascorbic acid phase was removed by washing. The hybrid film showed electrical surface conductivity that varied linearly with the relative humidity, ranging from 2.3 × 10-3 S in dry conditions to 5.0 × 10-3 S at 100% RH. The sensor was applied onto tuff stone samples through the use of a high amorphous polyvinyl alcohol layer (HAVOH) adhesive, which guaranteed good water diffusion from the stone to the film and was tested during water capillary absorption and drying tests. Results show that the sensor is able to monitor water content changes in the stone, being potentially useful to evaluate the water absorption and desorption behaviour of porous samples both in laboratory environments and in situ.

One-Step Laser Nanostructuration of Reduced Graphene Oxide Films Embedding Metal Nanoparticles for Sensing Applications.

The combination of two-dimensional materials and metal nanoparticles (MNPs) allows the fabrication of novel nanocomposites with unique physical/chemical properties exploitable in high-performance smart devices and biosensing strategies. Current methods to obtain graphene-based films decorated with noble MNPs are cumbersome, poorly reproducible, and difficult to scale up. Herein, we propose a straightforward, versatile, surfactant-free, and single-step technique to produce reduced graphene oxide (rGO) conductive films integrating "naked" noble MNPs. This method relies on the instantaneous laser-induced co-reduction of graphene oxide and metal cations, resulting in highly exfoliated rGO nanosheets embedding gold, silver, and platinum NPs. The production procedure has been optimized, and the obtained nanomaterials are fully characterized; the hybrid nanosheets have been easily transferred onto lab-made screen-printed electrodes preserving their nanoarchitecture. The Au@rGO-, Ag@rGO-, and Pt@rGO-based electrodes have been challenged to detect caffeic acid, nitrite, and hydrogen peroxide in model solutions and real samples. The sensors yielded quantitative responses (R2 ≥ 0.997) with sub-micromolar limits of detections (LODs ≤ 0.6 μM) for all the analytes, allowing accurate quantification in samples (recoveries ≥ 90%; RSD ≤ 14.8%, n = 3). This single-step protocol which requires low cost and minimal equipment will allow the fabrication of free-standing, MNP-embedded rGO films integrable into a variety of scalable smart devices and biosensors.

Multilayer RGOx＆PESy films for efficient electromagnetic shielding performance in a wide temperature range

In this work, the alternating multi-layer structured reduced graphene oxide＆polyether sulfone (RGOx&PESy) film is fabricated via a facile thermal pressure process, which has independently aligned packing layers to ensure the conductive network. The electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance of the RGOx＆PESy film can be adjusted with facility by controlling the layer number of the pure RGO and PES films. At a fixed thickness of 0.35 mm, the shielding performance of the multi-layer structured films increases with the increased layer number of the RGO films. Especially, when the number of RGO film is seven, the RGO7&PES6 film provides an efficient EMI shielding performance of about 45 dB in the whole X-band with a low filler content of 7.39 wt%. Moreover, due to the excellent temperature stability of both RGO and PES, the effective EMI shielding performance can be maintained in the wide temperature range of 298 ∼ 473 K. This study provides a facile method for preparing the RGO-based EMI shielding film materials with excellent high-temperature resistance and ultra-low filler content.

Transparent, patterned graphene oxide films with tunable electrical conductivity using thermal, chemical, and photoreduction techniques for lab-on-a-chip applications.

This work demonstrates the fabrication of electrically tunable films of graphene oxide (GO). GO thin films were deposited and micropatterned on a cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) substrate using a plasma-enhanced liftoff technique. This article discusses thermal, chemical, and photoreduction methods for controlling the electrical conductivity of the patterned film. The patterned graphene oxide films were used to manipulate cells after embedding them in a microfluidic channel. Cells were manipulated under dielectrophoresis (DEP) using patterned reduced graphene oxide (rGO) films with varying electrical conductivities. The non-uniform electric field required for DEP was created either by arranging and shaping a set of electrodes (eDEP) or by simply implementing low conductivity rGO as an insulator between two metal electrodes (iDEP).

Plasma-Polymerized Thiophene-Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite Film Sensor for Ammonia/Amine Detection at Room Temperature

Industrialization has led to an increasing need for specific and selective gas sensors in the past few decades. Environmental monitoring of certain volatile compounds such as ammonia is necessary. Advancements in the food storage sector have created the need for cheap and effective amine chemosensors. Classical chemosensors still face several issues, such as a lack of selectivity and low sensitivity toward ammonia and amines. Sensitivity is defined as the relative change in response expressed in percentage. In this work, we have resolved a few issues associated with the ammonia and amine sensors, such as low selectivity, long-term instability, and unreliability under higher temperatures using plasma-polymerized thiophene (PPTh) reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composite films. PPTh films were prepared using RF plasma polymerization with optimized deposition parameters. Several samples were evaluated for their sensing response to understand the optimal PPTh and rGO ratio in the PPTh-rGO composite. These composite PPTh-rGO films have shown 4 times higher sensitivity for ammonia/amines than individual PPTh and rGO films. Ammonia, methylamine (MA), dimethylamine (DMA), and trimethylamine (TMA) were primary analytes and tested for sensing response of the PPTh-rGO composite. The sensitivity measured ranges from 1328 for trimethylamine to 2354 for methylamine at 1000 ppm. The order of sensitivity was found to be MA &gt; Ammonia &gt; DMA &gt; TMA. Polymer swelling, reduced charge carriers, and disruption of conductive pathways can explain possible sensing mechanisms. PPTh-rGO composite films have shown selectivity as high as 110 for ammonia/amine over other commonly used volatile organic compounds. The sensing response of these films is stable for any temperature fluctuations from 30 °C to 150 °C. Additionally, films showed stable sensitivity for over 4 months. Thus, composite films of PPTh-rGO can be effectively used to develop highly selective and stable gas sensors for the environmental monitoring of ammonia/amines.

Scalable fabrication of ultra-fine lithiophilic nanoparticles encapsulated in soft buffered hosts for long-life anode-free Li2S-based cells.

Minimizing the amount of metallic lithium (Li) to zero excess to achieve an anode-free configuration can help achieve safer, higher energy density, and more economical Li metal batteries. Nevertheless, removal of excess Li creates challenges for long-term cycling performance in Li metal batteries due to the lithiophobic copper foils as anodic current collectors. Here, we improve the long-term cycling performance of anode-free Li metal batteries by modifying the anode-free configuration. Specifically, a lithiophilic Au nanoparticle-anchored reduced graphene oxide (Au/rGO) film is used as an anodic modifier to reduce the Li nucleation overpotential and inhibit dendrite growth by forming a lithiophilic LixAu alloy and solid solution, which is convincingly evidenced by density functional theory calculations and experimentally. Meanwhile, the flexible rGO film can also act as a buffer layer to endure the volume expansion during repeated Li plating/stripping processes. In addition, the Au/rGO film promotes a homogeneous distribution of the electric field over the entire anodic surface, thus ensuring a uniform deposition of Li during the electrodeposition process, which is convincingly evidenced by finite element simulations. As expected, the Li||Au/rGO-Li half-cell shows a highly stable long-term cycling performance for at least 500 cycles at 0.5 mA cm-2 and 0.5 mA h cm-2. A Li2S-based anode-free full cell allows achieving a stable operation life of up to 200 cycles with a capacity retention of 63.3%. This work provides a simple and scalable fabrication method to achieve anode-free Li2S-based cells with high anodic interface stability and a long lifetime.

Electrochemical performance of aqueous hybrid supercapacitor based on LiFePO4/Si/graphene composite

Aqueous hybrid supercapacitors (HS) are a viable alternative to achieve low-cost, environmentally friendly, and safer energy storage technologies. Herein, lithium iron phosphate modified silicon and graphene derivatives (LFP/Si/graphene) are constructed as the cathode, and graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) as the anode for an aqueous HS. The incorporation of GNPs and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), which is the source of graphene derivatives (graphene) in the composite, has played the role of an electronic conductivity enhancer for LFP/Si structure in the framework structure of the rGO film. Therefore, Si is able to perform its role effectively in avoiding surface instability issues and preventing the side reaction of LFP in aqueous electrolyte. The electrochemical performance is evaluated in a 1 M Li2SO4 aqueous electrolyte that has been thoroughly deaerated with high-purified argon (Ar) gas to remove any dissolved oxygen that might interfere with the analysis. The Ar blanketing in the electrolyte intensified the electrochemical performance by 60 % as compared to the Ar-free electrolyte. The coated LFP by 0.5 w/w% Si with incorporation of graphene (LFP/Si0.5/graphene) for electronic conductivity enhancement in Swagelok-type cells has an exceptional specific capacitance of 272.6 F/g and a highly improved cycle life, which shows 87.2 % capacitance retention after 5200 cycles. Moreover, a different assembly of a close-to-current commercial format of roll-type cell is also studied, and it exhibits slightly higher in specific capacitance of 301.3 F/g with energy and power density of 35.62 Wh kg−1 with 922.53 W kg−1, respectively. Therefore, both cell configurations using LFP/Si0.5/graphene display promising applications of the HS, which have the potential to slowly build themselves into a vital role in hybrid-electric technology.

Structural and optical parameters of polyvinyl alcohol films reinforced with Mn2O3/reduced graphene oxide composite

The novel polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films reinforced with varied concentrations of Mn2O3/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanoparticles (NP) are prepared via the casting technique. A hydrothermal approach methodology is used to prepare manganese oxide reduce graphene oxide (Mn2O3/rGO) composite. The X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and optical microscope setups are used to study the impact of nanoparticles on the structure of the PVA matrix. The surface roughness was measured and found to increase with increasing NPs concentration in the polymer matrix. The UV–vis spectroscopy is used to investigate the optical absorption and transmission data for the prepared films. The addition of Mn2O3/rGO NP in the polymer matrix effects on the optical parameters like the absorption coefficient, optical bandgap, refractive index, and optical conductivity. The optical bandgap of PVA films with Mn2O3/rGO NP is lower than that of PVA pure. The refractive index and optical conductivity were tuned with the addition of Mn2O3/rGO NP. The PVA-Mn2O3/rGO films are promising material for various opto-electronic fields.

Facile design of flexible Pd nanoclusters sensitized reduced graphene oxide paper film towards hydrogen sensing

Developing flexible gas sensors based on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) are highly promising for practical application, however, it is still challenging due to the sacrificed solution-processibility and mechanical properties after reduction. To address this issue, we here introduce solution-processed rGO and designed a flexible hydrogen (H2) film sensor by coupling with Pd nanoclusters as the activators via direct colloids mixing and subsequent vacuum filtration. The rGO/Pd nanocluster film features with structural compactness, surface homogeneity, excellent mechanical flexibility, high-efficiency output, and simplification of compositing method. In addition, the film sensor exhibited high response value, fast behavior and stable sensing behavior towards high-concentration H2 compared with bare rGO film owing to the significant activation role of Pd nanoclusters with ultrasmall sizes (average size: 3.3 nm). Conclusively, this work provides an ingenious and effective way for the design of rGO-based flexible sensor, and shows promise for efficient portable and cost-effective monitoring of environmentally H2 gases leaks.

Facile formation of porous, multilayer reduced graphene oxide electrodes using electrophoretic deposition and flash sintering

A reduced graphene oxide (rGO) film is mechanically fragile; therefore, transferring it to another substrate without damage is crucial. Hence, a technique that facilitates the formation of an integrated rGO film that holds adhesion with the substrate is desired. Moreover, a rGO film on metal is promising as an electrode for energy storage devices. This work presents the formation of rGO film on copper using electrophoretic deposition (EPD) and flash sintering. Briefly, a stable aqueous dispersion of graphene oxide (GO) layers was used to form a uniform GO film on copper at a fixed deposition voltage and time duration. To reduce the GO film without detaching it from copper, pulse energy (1–10 J cm−2) was varied for a fixed exposure time (10 ms) and a single micropulse. At pulse energy of 6 J cm−2, the structural studies indicated turbostratic stacking (decreased interlayer spacing) and restored crystallinity (decreased peak intensity ratio of D and G bands). The morphology showed voids between stacked rGO layers and high roughness in the film. The reduction resulted in mesoporous and high surface area (373 m2 g−1) multilayer rGO film. Due to restored electrical conductivity, the rGO film showed a specific capacitance of 475.8 F g−1 at a scan rate of 2 mV s−1. An increase in contact angle from ∼66° to ∼81° also validated the reduction. The combination of EPD and flash sintering offers rapid and eco-friendly formation of binder-free rGO film on copper, promising as an electrode for supercapacitors.

The Influence of Lateral Size and Oxidation of Graphene Oxide on Its Chemical Reduction and Electrical Conductivity of Reduced Graphene Oxide.

The chemical reduction efficiencies of graphene oxide (GO) are critically important in achieving graphene-like properties in reduced graphene oxide (rGO). In this study, we assessed GO lateral size and its degree of oxidation effect on its chemical reduction efficiency in both suspension and film and the electrical conductivity of the corresponding rGO films. We show that while GO-reduction efficiency increases with the GO size of lower oxidation in suspension, the trend is opposite for film. FESEM, XRD, and Raman analyses reveal that the GO reduction efficiency in film is affected not only by GO size and degree of oxidation but also by its interlayer spacing (restacking) and the efficiency is tunable based on the use of mixed GO. Moreover, we show that the electrical conductivity of rGO films depends linearly on the C/O and Raman ID/IG ratio of rGO and not the lateral size of GO. In this study, an optimal chemical reduction was achieved using premixed large and small GO (L/SGO) at a ratio of 3:1 (w/w). Consequently, the highest electrical conductivity of 85,283 S/m was achieved out of all rGO films reported so far. We hope that our findings may help to pave the way for a simple and scalable method to fabricate tunable, electrically conductive rGO films for electronic applications.

Multifunctional RGO-based films with “brick-slurry” structure: High-efficiency electromagnetic shielding performance, high strength and excellent environmental adaptability

It is of vital importance to eliminate the electromagnetic interference of various electronic devices in military and civil fields. However, many researches focus on electromagnetic shielding while ignoring the practical environmental suitability of materials. In this work, the Dimethyl octadecyl (3- trimethoxylsilyl propyl) ammonium chloride (DMAOP) chains were introduced into reduced oxide graphene sheets to achieve the composite films (RGOFs) with “brick-slurry” structure by simple room temperature chemical reaction combined with vacuum filtration technology. Ultimately, the RGOFs exhibited multifunctional features, including great electromagnetic shielding (EMI) performance (above 6.6 × 10 4 dBꞏcm −1 ), high strength and toughness properties (∼240 MPa, 6.28%), and excellent environmental adaptability. The formed dense “brick-slurry” structure is conductive to the construction of conductive path, contributing to the high EMI. Further, molecular dynamics simulation, in situ scanning and in situ Raman illustrated that the DMAOP molecular chain could strengthen the orientation, stress transfer, and delay the crack propagation by connecting graphene sheets, resulting high strength and toughness. Besides, the obtained films also exhibited excellent antibacterial properties, and acid, alkali environment adaptability due to their special components and interface design scheme. This work can provide ideas for developing effective preparation approaches of graphene-based membranes with excellent properties in the context of the requirements of a new generation of high-performance materials. • RGO-based film with “brick-slurry” structure was prepared. • RGO films integrated with high-efficiency EMI performance, high strength and excellent environmental adaptability. • The specific shielding efficiency reach above 6.6 × 10 4 dBꞏcm −1 . • The enhanced strength and toughness mechanism was systematically illustrated.

Pressure sensor based on wave-structured rGO film for wearable human health monitoring

Pressure sensor based on wave-structured rGO film for wearable human health monitoring

Voltammetric Determination of 3-Methylmorphine Using Glassy Carbon Electrode Modified with rGO and Bismuth Film.

This work reports the development and application of a simple, rapid and low-cost voltammetric method for the determination of 3-methylmorphine at nanomolar levels in clinical and environmental samples. The proposed method involves the combined application of a glassy carbon electrode modified with reduced graphene oxide, chitosan and bismuth film (Bi-rGO-CTS/GCE) via square-wave voltammetry using 0.04 mol L−1 Britton–Robinson buffer solution (pH 4.0). The application of the technique yielded low limit of detection of 24 × 10−9 mol L−1 and linear concentration range of 2.5 × 10−7 to 8.2 × 10−6 mol L−1. The Bi-rGO-CTS/GCE sensor was successfully applied for the detection of 3-methylmorphine in the presence of other compounds, including paracetamol and caffeine. The results obtained also showed that the application of the sensor for 3-methylmorphine detection did not experience any significant interference in the presence of silicon dioxide, povidone, cellulose, magnesium stearate, urea, ascorbic acid, humic acid and croscarmellose. The applicability of the Bi-rGO-CTS/GCE sensor for the detection of 3-methylmorphine was evaluated using synthetic urine, serum, and river water samples through addition and recovery tests, and the results obtained were found to be similar to those obtained for the high-performance liquid chromatography method (HPLC)—used as a reference method. The findings of this study show that the proposed voltammetric method is a simple, fast and highly efficient alternative technique for the detection of 3-methylmorphine in both biological and environmental samples.

Self-propagating fabrication of SiO x @rGO film with superior cycling stability and rate performance as anode for lithium-ion batteries

With high theoretical capacity and suitable operating potential, SiO x is regarded as one of the most promising anode materials for high-energy density lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), but it suffers from large volume change during charge/discharge and low electronic conductivity, leading to poor cycling stability and rate capability. To overcome these problems, a SiO x @ reduced graphene oxide (rGO) film with porous structure is prepared through vacuum filtration and self-propagation reduction method, which can be directly used as a free-standing anode for LIBs. The self-propagation process of graphene oxide to graphene can be completed rapidly within 1 s, and endows the film with developed pores due to the instantaneous release of substantial gases. The porous structure is beneficial for exposing massive active sites, facilitating fast ion transport and buffering the volume change of the SiO x during charge/discharge. Moreover, the rGO sheets construct a conductive framework for rapid electron transfer in the film. As a result, the SiO x @rGO film exhibits high lithium storage capacity (1189.7 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1), excellent cycling stability (81.1% capacity retention after 100 cycles) and good rate capability (349.2 mAh g−1 at 3.2 A g−1). This study not only provides a high-performance film anode material for LIBs, but also develops a simple and efficient method for constructing porous film electrodes for various energy storage devices.

Self-assembled Li4Ti5O12/rGO nanocomposite anode for high power lithium-ion batteries

• 20–100 nm Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 nanomaterials were prepared on the surface of graphite oxide (GO) using a simple and controllable self-assembly method. • The synergistic effect of rGO and Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 shows good cycle performance, the capacity retention rate is as high as 97.2% after 1000 cycles even at the higher rate of 10C. • Compared with the performance of previously reported LTO-based electrodes, this work shows remarkable rate performance. Although Li 4 Ti 5 O 2 (LTO) exhibits excellent cycling stability and high safety, the poor electronic conductivity and slow ion diffusion kinetics largely limit its practical applications. Herein, LTO/reduced graphite oxide (rGO) composite anodes have been fabricated via a simple and controlled self-assembly method. LTO nanoparticles with diameters ranging from 20 to 100 nm are tightly anchored on the rGO to form a unique hierarchical structure. Compared with pure LTO material, the ultrathin rGO film and nanoparticles endow LTO higher electronic conductivity, shorten Li + diffusion paths and provide more active sites for lithium storage. As a result, the synergistic effect of rGO and unique morphology play a dominant role in high specific discharge capcacity, excellent cycling life and high-capacity retention at high-rate discharging for the LTO/rGO composite electrode. Specifically, large specific discharge capacity of 129 mAh g −1 can be delivered at a high current rate of 20C, as well as good capacity retention at 40C. Furthermore, the composite exhibited excellent cycling performance with superior capacity retention of 97.2% even at high rate of 10C after 1000 cycles.

Two-Dimensional Imide-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks with Tailored Pore Functionality as Separators for High-Performance Li-S Batteries.

Modifying the separator of lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) is considered to be one of the most effective strategies for relieving the notorious polysulfide shuttle effect. Constructing a stable, lightweight, and effective LSB separator is still a big challenge but highly desirable. Herein, a stable and lightweight imide-based covalent organic framework (COF-TpPa) is facilely fabricated on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) through an oxygen-free solvothermal technique. With the directing effect of rGO and changing the side functional group of the monomer, the morphology and the pore tailoring of COF-TpPa can be simultaneously achieved and two-dimensional (2D) COF nanosheets with different functionalities (such as -SO3H and -Cl) are successfully constructed on rGO films. The specific functional groups inside the COF's pore channels and the narrowed pore size result in efficient absorption and restriction of Li2Sn for weakening the "shuttle effect". Meanwhile, the 2D COF nanosheets on the rGO is a favorable morphology for better exploiting pores inside the COF materials. As a result, the COF-SO3H-modified separator, consisting of rGO and COF-TpPa-SO3H, exhibits a high specific capacity (1163.4 mA h/g at 0.2 C) and a desirable cyclic performance (60.2% retention rate after 1000 cycles at 2.0 C) for LSBs. Our study provides a feasible strategy to rationally design functional COFs and boosts their applications in various energy storage systems.

Fiber‐spinning Asymmetric Assembly for Janus‐structured Bifunctional Nanofiber Films towards All‐Weather Smart Textile

AbstractGiven health threat by global warming and increased energy consumption in regulating body temperature, it is an urgent need to construct smart temperature‐regulating materials. Herein, a novel fiber‐spinning asymmetric chemical assembly (FACA) method is proposed to construct nanofiber materials with asymmetric photothermal properties. The silver nanowires (AgNWs) and poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF‐HFP) with opposite thermal radiation are assembled on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) film, imparting AgNW/rGO/PVDF‐HFP film with Janus structure that can realize the AgNWs side consistently keeps temperature of ca. 11 °C lower than the side of PVDF‐HFP nanofiber regardless of the irradiation directions under 1 sun, suggesting the adjustable photothermal regulation. Such photothermally selective hybrid nanofiber film provides great potential as fabrics to achieve all‐weather smart clothes, promoting controllable and comprehensive utilization of solar energy.