RF Transceiver Module Research Articles

A 5G NR FR2 Beamforming System with Integrated Transceiver Module.

This paper presents a 5G new radio (NR) FR2 beamforming system with an integrated transceiver module. A real-time operating module providing enhanced flexibility and capability has been proposed. The integrated RF beamforming system with an integrated transceiver module can be operated in 8Tx-8Rx mode configuration simultaneously. A series-fed structure 8 × 7 microstrip antenna array for compact size and improved directivity is employed in the RF beamforming module. The RF beamforming module incorporates a custom 28 GHz, eight-channel fully differential beamforming IC (BFIC). An eight-channel BFIC in a phased-array beamforming system offers advantages in terms of increased antenna density and improved beam steering precision. The RF beamforming module is integrated with an RF transceiver module that enables the simultaneous up-conversion and down-conversion of the baseband signal. The RF transmitter module consists of a transmitter, a receiver, a signal generator, a power supply, and a control unit. The RF beamforming system can scan horizontally from -50° to +50° with a step of 10°. To achieve an optimized beam pattern, a calibration was conducted. The transmit and receive conversion gain of around 20 dB is achieved with the transceiver module. To verify the communication performance of the manufactured integrated RF beamforming system, a real-time wireless video transmission/reception test was performed at a frequency of 28 GHz, and the video file was transmitted smoothly in real time without interruption within a range of ±50°.

포토닉스 기반 송수신기 연동 광대역 능동위상배열 시스템

This paper describes the development of a wide-band active array system with a photonics-based optical transceiver module (OTM) and measurement results of Tx/Rx beam characteristics using near-field measurements. The proposed transceiver consists of an RF transceiver module and an OTM. The RF transceiver module was designed as a 2×8 array using a microstrip dipole antenna. The OTM performs frequency up/down conversion using an optical modulator and has four Rx channels of A/B/C/D for mono-pulse angle extraction. The transmit and receive modules include a true-time delay to electronically steer the wide-band beam over an azimuth angle of ± 20°. The Tx/Rx beam pattern is measured at a near-field measurement facility. The beam steering error is less than 0.9° over the ±20° azimuth angle in the wide Ku-band. In addition, the monopulse slope is obtained from the Rx 4 optic array, and the function of the monopulse calibration is verified using outdoor measurements.

Key techniques of ultra-low-power ADC and miniaturized RF transceiver circuits for 4G/LTE applications

PurposeRF transceiver module is considered a vital part of any wireless communication system. This module consists of two important parts the RF transceiver and analog-to-digital converter (ADC). Usually, both these parts – RF transceiver and ADC – are used to enhance the perspective of size and power. The data processing in 4G communication makes hurdles and need research attention to make it faster and smaller in size. Accuracy and fast processing are the critical challenges in the modern communication system.Design/methodology/approachAfter theoretical and practical investigations, this research work proposes key new techniques for the RF transceiver module. These techniques will make RF transceiver small, power-efficient and on the other hand, make dual SAR-ADC more effective as well. The proposed design has no intermediate frequency where the RF transceiver is reduced its major blocks from five to four, which includes crystal oscillator, phase lock loop, power amplifier and low noise amplifier. Moreover, the shared circuitry is introduced in the architecture of the SAR-ADC for the production of dual outputs, specifically in bootstrapped switch and comparator.FindingsThe miniaturized RF transceiver and SAR-ADC are well tested separately before the plantation on the printed circuit board (PCB). The operating voltage and frequency of the RF transceiver module are 1.2 V and 5.8 GHz, where the sampling rate, bandwidth and output power are 25 MHz, 200 MHz and 5 dBm, respectively. The core area of the PCB is 58.13 mm2. The bandwidth efficiency is 93% using surface acoustic wave less transmitter. The circuit is based on the library of 90 nm CMOS technology.Originality/valueThe entire circuit is highly synchronized with the input and reference clocks to avoid self-interference.

유도성 소스 축퇴를 이용한 X-대역 GaN MMIC 저잡음 증폭기

In this study, an X-band GaN monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) low-noise amplifier is designed and fabricated for RF transceiver modules using a 0.2 μm ETRI GaN HEMT process. Through the application of a feedback microstrip line at the source of the transistor, the amplifier operation is stabilized, and a compromised impedance trace of the input impedance and noise matching is obtained, which minimizes the degradation of the maximum available gain and minimum noise figure. The developed MMIC low noise amplifier, which uses simple matching and biasing circuits as matching elements, exhibits a linear gain of more than 20 dB and a noise figure of 1.5～2.0 dB from 8.7 to 11.5 GHz. A single-tone power test shows an output P1dB of 17.1～24.3 dBm, and a two-tone IMD measurement shows an output IP3 of 27.4～32.4 dBm in the same frequency range.

Considerations of Dielectric Property Deviation and Mechanical Limitations for Antenna-in-Package Fabrication by SiP-Based Stacked Organic Dielectric Substrates at Millimeter-Wave Frequencies

Wireless communications at millimeter-wave (mmW) frequencies suffer high propagation loss and low energy efficiency. The feeding circuits in dielectric substrates may also result in antenna excitation distortions in both phases and amplitudes. Antenna-in-package (AiP) integrating active RF transceivers is considered a reliable means to shorten RF circuit path lengths and connectors to enhance user equipment (UE) antennas’ radiation characteristics. However, due to the several mechanical limitations and fabrication uncertainty at mmW frequencies, AiP implementation should better consider geometric parameter effects, which may degrade its radiation performance, to reduce beamforming complexity for easy design and low-cost fabrication. Besides, by taking advantage of active RF transceiver modules to provide output amplitude ratios and phase variations, the feeding circuits can be simplified to shorten the feeding microstrip line lengths. These effects are examined and presented in this article for a practical design of an AiP fabricated for validation by comparing full-wave simulations and measurement results. Simulations and measurements also validate using the calibration technique to simplify the feeding structures to demonstrate the feasibility.

Design of a Novel 2.4GHz RF Transmitter

The world of Wireless Technology has been improving consistently due to its high speed and reliability. Some of the demands that need to be fulfilled include larger network capacity, improved data rates and so on. This paper focuses on the design and simulation of the Transmitter, which is a key component in an RF Transceiver Module. It is built by cascading an Up Conversion Mixer, a Bandpass Filter and a Power Amplifier as its most fundamental units. The Cadence Virtuoso Tool was used to construct this Transmitter block in 180nm node technology. The IF signal to the Mixer is 100 MHz and the LO signal is 2.3GHz. The 2.4GHz amplified RF output is taken from the Power Amplifier. A 1dB compression point of -25.91 dBm and an IIP3 of 10.14 dBm is observed for the proposed design. Future work involves testing its integrity with an RF Receiver module that has appropriate modulation schemes in place and converting it into a physical layout-based IC.

Design of a Novel 2.4GHz RF Transmitter

The world of Wireless Technology has been improving consistently due to its high speed and reliability. Some of the demands that need to be fulfilled include larger network capacity, improved data rates and so on. This paper focuses on the design and simulation of the Transmitter, which is a key component in an RF Transceiver Module. It is built by cascading an Up Conversion Mixer, a Bandpass Filter and a Power Amplifier as its most fundamental units. The Cadence Virtuoso Tool was used to construct this Transmitter block in 180nm node technology. The IF signal to the Mixer is 100 MHz and the LO signal is 2.3GHz. The 2.4GHz amplified RF output is taken from the Power Amplifier. A 1dB compression point of -25.91 dBm and an IIP3 of 10.14 dBm is observed for the proposed design. Future work involves testing its integrity with an RF Receiver module that has appropriate modulation schemes in place and converting it into a physical layout-based IC.

Automatic Restaurant Food Ordering Menu Card

In every field of human life, automation has become more important. But there are also many areas where more common methods are being used. The restaurant ordering system is one such area.The goal of this project is to create a touch-based food ordering methd as well as a secure payment process which can be used to change the conventional ordering process. For general, the food ordering procedure as actually given in the menu card format in restaurant, then the customer will have to choose the food item, so the server would have to come back and take their orders, which is really a long method of processing. The paper recommended a completely integrated ordering system, in which a more user-friendly and touch - screen menu card replaces the conventional paper-based menu ordering process. A computer consists of a microcontroller which is connected to the input and output devices. The input device has become a touch - screen module placed on the monitor of the HMI (Human-Machine Interface) that takes feedback from the consumer and input from the microcontroller. The LCD output module in a kitchen and cashier or the manager system that displays the customer order. The RF transceiver module, as well as the cashier/manager system, connects to the table and kitchen system.On the HMI display, the microcontroller displays menu entries as well. At the receiving end, the chosen objects are shown on the LCD, and at the buzzer the latest order will be shown. . Payment can be made with the QR code after completion of your meals from your reserved seat. This technology requires no power from humans and saves time.

Development of a Mobile Robot for Remote Monitoring for Multimedia and Data Acquisition

This research is based on the development of a mobile robot for remote monitoring and data acquisition. The project aims at improving the problem found in the available data acquisition systems. The available systems are stationary systems that make use of data loggers to store the acquired data and they also require human personnel to move the system from one place to another while some systems require that the user pay for an internet connection for storing the acquired data on the Internet. To eliminate these problems there is a need for a robot with the ability to move from one place to another, a robotic arm for taking readings from specific points and a direct RF connection for data acquisition. The robot makes use of four wheels for movement, three servos to achieve three degrees of freedom with a Wi-Fi camera and DHT11 sensor for real-time data acquisition. Data acquired from the sensor is been transferred wirelessly to the OLED display on the remote controller by the HC-11 RF transceiver module. From the results obtained, the robot has an average speed of 0.14m/s when carrying a payload of 1Kg and the accuracy of the robotic is ±2º. The power consumed in the busy mode is quite remarkable with a difference of 650mW as compared to the idle mode. Therefore, the system developed in this work will therefore reduce the risk posed to field agents since it does not require a supervisor on the monitored site. Also by replacing an online server for data logging by a wireless remote control interface with display, the cost of implementing the system was reduced.

Electrical Properties of BaTiO3-based 0603/0.1 mu F/0.3mm Ceramics Decoupling Capacitor for Embedding in the PCB of 10G RF Transceiver Module

Electrical Properties of BaTiO3-based 0603/0.1 mu F/0.3mm Ceramics Decoupling Capacitor for Embedding in the PCB of 10G RF Transceiver Module

로버스트 유무선 보안시스템을 위한 송수신 모듈의 설계

본 논문에서는 종래의 보안관리 시스템과 송수신 모듈의 단점을 개선하기 위해 유무선 복합기능의 송수신 모듈과 이를 사용한 신뢰성 높은 실시간 보안시스템을 제안한다. 제안하는 복합 송수신모듈은 RF 제어 회로와 무선 송수신 회로로 구성된다. RF제어회로는 저전력 협대역 RF 송수신 시스템으로서 마이크로프로세서의 레지스터에 저장되어 있는 특정 주파수 대역을 불러올 수 있고, 임의로 값을 쓰거나 읽어 들여 임의 주파수의 송신출력을 사용자가 제어할 수 있도록 설계한다. RF 송신 모듈의 동작을 위한 구동 알고리듬을 제시하고 설계한 복합 송수신 모듈과 동작 알고리듬을 시작품으로 구현하여 실험을 통해 유효성을 확인한다. In this paper, a design of transceiver module for real-time wire and wireless robust integrated security system to solve the problem of conventional security system and its transceiver module is proposed. The presented robust integrated security system is designed with RF control unit and wireless transceiver module. A RF controller in transceiver module works as a low-power RF transceiver system. It is designed to use specific bandwidth stored in registers and manipulate RF power of transceiver by accessing the random values of registers. Operation algorithm for RF transceiver module is also presented. The designed transceiver module and the operation algorithm are implemented and verified by experiments.

Design of WSN node for water pollution remote monitoring

A water pollution remote monitoring system based on Wireless Sensor Network is proposed for the protecting the ecological environment of water resources. WSN nodes are made from float-type fixed in the monitoring waters. The low power consumption C8051F930 is as the controller, the pH glass composite electrode sensors are used to measure pH, pH sensors collect the signal is processed, converted and disposed according to the potential measuring principle of pH composite electrode. Field data is transmitted and converted by the low power consumption wireless RF transceiver module Si4432, the water pollution of river basin is monitored by remote real-time.

Design of wireless underground sensor network nodes for field information acquisition

With the research of the wireless sensor network technology, some wireless underground sensor network nodes and a sink node based on embedded technology and RF technology were designed innovatively. Wireless underground sensor network node consists of sensor, the processor, wireless RF module and power module; here, processor using MSP430 microcontroller, RF modules adopting nRF905 communication module and having 433/868/915 MHz 3 ISM channel. Moreover, the sink node is made up of RF transceiver module, the core control circuit, information processing, data storage, Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD) module and power supply. The nodes which acquired soil parameters information were regularly distributed in the monitoring area. The sink node collected the information of nodes that were sent in way of a single jumping or multiple hops and implemented fusion, analysis, processing, storage and display of information. For 50% sands, 35%silt, and 15% clay, a bulk density of 1.5 g/cm3 and a specific density of 2.6 /cm3, test is conducted for different soil moisture (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25%) in three different frequencies 433/868/915 MHz, result shows that radio signal path loss is the minimum in the low frequency and low moisture. Furthermore, the changes of node deployed depth (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8 and 2 m) affected signal attenuation under 433 MHz, it is concluded as the best wireless underground sensor networks (WUSN) node buried depth for effective transmission. Key words: Wireless underground sensor networks (WUSN), sink node, MSP430, soil moisture, depth,information acquisition.

Real time acquisition and PC to PC wireless transmission of human carotid pulse waveform

Carotid pulse is an established physiological parameter used to deduce cardiac information. Technological advances allow non-invasive measurement of carotid waveform, but involve complex electronics. Simple and relatively inexpensive method is devised here to acquire the carotid pulse. Measurements were made non-invasively on human subjects in various postures using piezoelectric sensor. Transducer output is interfaced directly to a computer in real time and carotid wave is viewed successfully on virtual oscilloscope. Stored data is digitally filtered, visually analyzed and transferred wirelessly from one computer to another using windows hyper-terminal and XBee RF transceiver module. Automated analysis algorithm can be further developed.