Revisionary Study Research Articles

Albian Eoradiolites (Bivalvia: Radiolitidae) from Jabal NaÏmia, Gafsa Region, Tunisia, with revisional studies on the Albian forms of the genus

The external morphology and its variability, myocardinal apparatus, and shell structure of both valves of the radiolitid rudist Eoradiolites plicatus (Conrad) are described, based on the examination of about one hundred well-preserved, fairly complete specimens that are free of sediment matrix, found in a single bed of an ammonite-bearing Albian succession ('Knemiceras beds', Zebbag Formation) in central Tunisia. This study provides the most nearly complete knowledge of any Eoradiolites species to date. With this background, all previous records of E. plicatus, as well as the taxonomic status of the other Albian species of the genus, are revised considering both original material, when available, and published papers. As a result, the systematics of Eoradiolites is simplified.

A taxonomic revision of Salvia euphratica sensu lato and its closely related species (sect. Hymenosphace, Lamiaceae) using multivariate analysis

As an initial part of a revisional study based on the genus Salvia L. (Lamiaceae), extensive field studies, herbarium and literature surveys, and multivariate analysis have been conducted on the basis of the Salvia euphratica sensu lato (S. cerino-pruinosa, S. euphratica, S. leiocalycina, and S. pseudeuphratica) and its closely related species (S. kronenburgii and S. sericeo-tomentosa) in order to understand their taxonomic status. For the multivariate analysis, 35 OTUs (Operational Taxonomic Units) representing 24 populations of the species were investigated and scored on the basis of 25 character states by means of MVSP software. Principle coordinate analysis (PCO) utilizing the Gower coefficient on standardized data was conducted on the specimens to see their distribution as 3-dimensional plots. In the Flora of Turkey, S. euphratica, S. kronenburgii, and S. sericeo-tomentosa were evaluated as separate species. On the other hand, S. cerino-pruinosa and S. pseudeuphratica were regarded as synonyms of S. euphratica. As a result of the present study, S. cerino-pruinosa and S. pseudeuphratica are accepted as distinct species. Turkish endemic S. cerino-pruinosa and its closest relative Iranian endemic S. kermanshahensis are also discussed in terms of their morphological and taxonomical relationships. Literature surveys and herbarium studies indicated that S. pseudeuphratica has been rediscovered once again since it was first collected 117 years ago. A diagnostic key for the species studied is given and their diagnostic morphological characters are discussed. Moreover, their amended and expanded descriptions, distributions, phenology, ecology, and photographs are provided.

Morphological character analysis in Turkish Micromeria Benth. (Lamiaceae) species with a numerical taxonomic study

As an initial part of a revisional study based on the genus Micromeria Benth. (Lamiaceae), extensive field studies, herbarium and literature surveys, and multivariate analysis have been conducted. Recently, many morphological and molecular studies have been conducted on the genus Micromeria and related genera. Consequently, the generic boundaries of Micromeria have dramatically changed. Therefore, a morphometric analysis was carried out on Turkish Micromeria s.l. species, belonging to sect. Micromeria, sect. Cymularia Boiss., and sect. Pseudomelissa Benth., 2 Clinopodium L. species, and 2 Mentha L. species in order to understand their taxonomic relationship. For morphometric analysis, 27 morphological characters and their states were investigated by means of MVSP software. Our results supported previous molecular studies. The members of the sect. Pseudomelissa should be transferred to the genus Clinopodium. Turkish Micromeria species are now represented by 8 species belonging to sect. Micromeria and sect. Cymularia. In addition, the taxonomic position of Micromeria cymuligera Boiss. & Hausskn. (sect. Cymularia) is discussed. The most important diagnostic characters of the Micromeria species such as leaf and calyx are illustrated.

Revisional studies onThoracophoracarusK. Viets, 1914 (Arachnida, Acari, Hydrachnidia, Arrenuridae)

Gerecke R. 2009. — Revisional studies on Thoracophoracarus K. Viets, 1914 (Arachnida, Acari, Hydrachnidia, Arrenuridae). Zoosystema 31 (1): 127-145.Five species from Europe and Africa attributed to the genus Thoracophoracarus K. Viets, 1914 are redescribed from type material. Thoracophoracarus sinearcus (K. Viets, 1924), probably based on a deformed Arrenurus Dugès, 1834 male, is considered a species incerta. Thoracophoracarus mammosus (K. Viets, 1925) is synonymized with T. petioluriger (K. Viets, 1925). Thoracophoracarus cooki n. sp., T. silvarum n. sp. and T. felix n. sp. are described from Madagascar, representing a distinct species group endemic to the island, characterized by absence of idiosomal humps and round, not longish, acetabular fields. The phylogeny of the genus is discussed.

Taxonomic Study on the Lichen Genus Xanthoparmelia (Ascomycotina, Parmeliaceae) in Korea

In previous studies investigating the genus Xanthoparmelia, thirteen different species have been reported from South Korea alone. However, there currently has been no revisional study performed until now. To explore the genus Xanthoparmelia, a phenotypic analysis was performed based on morphological, anatomical and chemical characters, while an investigation of Xanthoparmelia phylogeny was based on nuclear ribosomal (nr) DNA ITS sequences. A thorough examination of the specimens deposited in the Korean Lichen Research Institute (KoLRI) confirmed that eight species of Xanthoparmelia occur inside South Korea. Our analysis further confirmed the colors of the lower surface and medullar chemistry are important taxonomic characters in Xanthoparmelia. This study also presents a detailed description of each species and a key to the genus.

Charles Eliot Norton: the art of reform in nineteenth-century America

Author, translator, social critic and Harvard professor of art, Charles Eliot Norton was widely regarded in his own day as the most cultivated man in America. In modern times, by contrast, he has been condemned as the supercilious representative of an embattled patrician caste. This revisionary study argues that Norton's genuine significance for American culture and politics today can only be grasped by recovering the vanished contexts in which his life and work took shape. In a wide-ranging analysis, Linda Dowling demonstrates the effects upon Norton's thought of the great transatlantic humanitarian reform movement of the 1840s, the Pre-Raphaelite and Ruskinian revolution in art and architecture of the 1850s and the surging liberal optimism that emerged from the Civil War. Drawing on numerous deleted passages from Norton's manuscript journals, Dowling probes beneath the imperturbable mask of the public Norton, bringing to light the elusive private man. Returning from Europe in 1873, bereft of his wife and stripped of his religious belief, Norton was compelled to confront the painful contradictions within his own liberal political faith. In a land given to celebrating freedom of speech, Norton would become a speaker subjected to physical threats for opposing the Spanish-American War. Among a people given to glorying in its superiority to other civilizations, he would become a social critic reviled for arguing that the nation was failing to live up to its own most cherished ideals. It would be Norton's misfortune, shared with others of his generation, to watch the golden promise of a victorious war for the Union fade into the unrepentant cynicism of the Gilded Age. Yet Norton's militant idealism and heroic citizenship, Dowling argues, survive now as a vital parable for American civic liberalism in the present day.

Ficus glandulifera and allied species (Moraceae), including a new one from Borneo and Celebes

A revisional study on Ficus glandulifera and allied species was carried out, resulting in emended descriptions of F. glandulifera and F. lamponga and the description of a new species, F. lumutana.

Duas novas espécies de Belostoma Latreille, 1807 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Belostomatidae) do grupo plebejum sensu Nieser, 1975

Representantes do grupo plebejum são encontrados de Honduras até o sul da América do Sul e compreendem sete espécies de pequeno porte. Como resultado de um estudo de revisão do grupo, são descritas duas espécies novas: Belostoma estevezae Ribeiro & Alecrim, sp. nov., do Estado do Mato Grosso, Brasil, similar a B. nicaeum Estévez & Polhemus, 2007, em termos de carena prosternal, e B. nessimiani Ribeiro & Alecrim, sp. nov., do Estado do Amazonas, Brasil, sendo bastante similar a B. parvum Estévez & Polhemus, 2007, em termos de genitália masculina. Uma chave de identificação para as espécies do grupo plebejum com as espécies novas incluídas é fornecida.

Palynological and Revisional Studies of Thalictrum L. in Korea

The pollen and revisional study aimed for an elucidation of taxonomic delimitation and relationship of Thalictrum taxa in Korea, especially among the morphologically confused taxa. Pollen grains of 63 populations of 17 taxa were investigated by light and scanning electron microscopy. Although pollen morphology was not useful for the species classification, it revealed a tendency in which Sects. Physocarpum, Erythrandra and Tripterium having broad filaments and round-tipped anthers possess closer distance between adjacent pores, less echinus number per unit area, smaller pollen, and higher echinus, on the contrary to Sects. Omalophysa, Camptonotum and Thalictrum having filiform filaments and acute-acuminate- or more or less round-tipped anthers. The palynological result did not support several section system by Tamura (1992) but one section system by Lecoyer (1885). If a infrasectional system is needed, it was suggested that the system dividing the section into two (Clauiformes and Filiformes sensu Lecoyer) would be natural on the basis of stamen and pollen characteristics. Revisional study found out that 17 taxa(16 species) of Thalictrum are distributed in Korean including T. filimentosum which presence in Korea was not confirmed.

Taxonomic Study on the Lichen Genus Coccocarpia (Lecanorales, Ascomycota) in South Korea

Three species of Coccocarpia have been reported from Korean Peninsular. However, there was no revisional study on this genus before. After careful examination of the specimens deposited in the Korean Lichen Research Institute (KoLRI) and collected from main mountain areas of Korea, two species of Coccocarpia, C. palmicola and C. erythroxyli, have been revealed to occur and confirmed in South Korea. The presence and absence of isidia and apothecia are the most important characters for the South Korean species. We provide the detailed description and illustration of the available two species. A key to the species is also provided.

Synopsis of Turkish Acantholimon Boiss. (Plumbaginaceae)

A synopsis of Acantholimon in Turkey is given on the basis of a revisional study conducted in Turkey by the authors. An account of 52 species, ten subspecies, and 17 varieties is given, including keys to the species, subspecies, and varieties, and a general indication of their distribution, as well as their conservation status in Turkey. Seven new taxa, namely A. ekimii sp. nov., A. capitatum ssp. sivasicum ssp. nov., A. calvertii var. glabrum var. nov., A. huetii var. breviscapum var. nov., A. acerosum ssp. longibracteolorum ssp. nov., A. lycaonicum ssp. cappadocicum ssp. nov., and A. halophilum var. coloratum var. nov., are described, together with a few new combinations. A. wiedemannii, A. iconicum, and A. lycaonicum, described from Turkey in the past, but placed under other species as synonyms in the Flora of Turkey, are recognized once again as good species. A. multiflorum and A. parviflorum are given a species status. In Turkey, the presence of A. latifolium, A. araxanum, A. lepturoides, A. hohenackerii, A. senganense, A. fominii, A. petraeum, and A. tragacanthinum is also confirmed. © 2007 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2007, 154, 397–419.

Across Lydekker's Line - first report of mite harvestmen (Opiliones : Cyphophthalmi : Stylocellidae) from New Guinea

Opiliones (harvestmen) in the suborder Cyphophthalmi are not known to disperse across oceans and each family in the suborder is restricted to a clear biogeographic region. While undertaking a revisionary study of the South-east Asian family Stylocellidae, two collections of stylocellids from New Guinea were noted. This was a surprising find, since the island appears never to have had a land connection with Eurasia, where the rest of the family members are found. Here, 21 New Guinean specimens collected from the westernmost end of the island (Manokwari Province, Indonesia) are described and their relationships to other cyphophthalmids are analysed using molecular sequence data. The specimens represent three species, Stylocellus lydekkeri, sp. nov., S. novaguinea, sp. nov. and undescribed females of a probable third species, which are described and illustrated using scanning electron microscope and stereomicroscope photographs. Stylocellus novaguinea, sp. nov. is described from a single male and it was collected with a juvenile and the three females of the apparent third species. Molecular phylogenetic analyses indicate that the new species are indeed in the family Stylocellidae and they therefore reached western New Guinea by dispersing through Lydekker’s line – the easternmost limit of poor dispersers from Eurasia. The New Guinean species may indicate at least two episodes of oceanic dispersal by Cyphophthalmi, a phenomenon here described for the first time. Alternatively, the presence in New Guinea of poor dispersers from Eurasia may suggest novel hypotheses about the history of the island.

A review of the Oriental Culcua with descriptions of seven new species (Diptera, Stratiomyidae)

Culcua is characterized as a well separated genus of the subfamily Pachygastrinae. In addition to the haired eyes and the unusually short vein R 2+3 , a new autapomorphic character (an additional tube in the phallic complex) is defined. Only two valid species were previously recognized, both distributed exclusively in the Oriental Region. Our revisional study of material from several institutions resulted in the description of 7 new species and one resurrection from synonymy. Culcua argentea sp.n. is described from Laos, C. chaineyi sp.n. from Malaysia, C. fasciata sp.n. from the Philippines, C. kolibaci from Laos, Malaysia and Thailand, C. kovaci sp.n. from Laos and Thailand, C. normani sp.n. from East Malaysia and C. ornans from India. C. albopilosa (Matsumura) from Taiwan is considered to be distinct from the type species of the genus, C. simulans Walker, being distributed in Malaysia. C. nigra Brunetti described from Laos is also recorded from Thailand. Two new species are documented by colour illustrations, three additional species by colour photographs and figures of diagnostic characters of all the treated species are included. An identification key to the all known species of Culcua is added.

Características tomográficas da displasia fibrosa craniofacial: estudo retrospectivo de 14 casos

OBJETIVO: Apresentar as várias formas de displasia fibrosa craniofacial em um estudo revisional com 14 exames de tomografia computadorizada. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Foram selecionados 14 casos de displasia fibrosa craniofacial atendidos no Serviço de Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço e Otorrinolaringologia e no Serviço de Diagnóstico por Imagem do Hospital Heliópolis, São Paulo, SP, entre 1991 e 2002. Foram avaliados, pelos autores, três dos achados tomográficos mais relevantes: o número de ossos acometidos, a apresentação radiológica predominante e a uni/bilateralidade da doença no crânio. RESULTADOS: Observou-se predomínio do padrão misto em relação à forma de apresentação da doença. Foram vistos, ainda, acometimento contíguo de dois ou mais ossos e equivalência entre casos de acometimento craniofacial unilateral e bilateral, possivelmente por conta dos pacientes serem, em sua maioria, portadores de displasia fibrosa do tipo monostótica. CONCLUSÃO: O conhecimento das características tomográficas da displasia fibrosa craniofacial é de grande importância para que seja feito planejamento cirúrgico adequado e seguimento pós-tratamento.

Revisional study on water mites of the family Harpagopalpidae K. Viets, 1924 (Acari: Hydrachnidia), with descriptions of new species from Cameroon and Madagascar

Three new species of the genus Harpagopalpus are described from Madagascar, allowing a redefinition of diagnostic character states of the monotypic family Harpagopalpidae, previously known only from Western Africa (two species) and India (one species. The separation of the subgenera Harpagopalpus and Harpagopalpellus is supported by new characters. Harpagopalpus octoporus K.Viets, 1924 and H. tetraporus K.Viets, 1924 are redescribed and a lectotype is designated of H. octoporus. A fourth new species is described from Cameroon, based on a male specimen erroneously considered to be the female of H. octoporus by K. Viets.

Revisional study on the genus Cryptomedasina (Geometridae, Ennominae) from Sulawesi, with descriptions of six new species

Revisional study on the genus Cryptomedasina (Geometridae, Ennominae) from Sulawesi, with descriptions of six new species

Two New Species of Swartzia (Leguminosae) from the Amazon Basin of Brazil, with Notes on the Genus and a Key to the Unifoliolate Species

Abstract A brief discussion of the systematics of Swartzia, a large neotropical genus of trees and shrubs, is given in preparation for a comprehensive phylogenetic and revisionary study of the genus. Two new species from Brazilian Amazonia, Swartzia coriaceifolia and Swartzia juruana, are described and illustrated. The former was collected in the basin of the Rio Negro in the state of Amazonas and possesses morphology allying it with S. brachyrachis and its relatives. Swartzia juruana is known from a single collection from the upper Rio Jurua basin of Acre and is closely related to the more widespread species S. jorori. Morphological characters of the new species are discussed, and a key to the unifoliolate species and varieties of Swartzia is provided.

Annotated Checklist of Nearctic Dermestidae with Revised Key to the Genera

A checklist of all valid species of Dermestidae known to occur in the United States and Canada is presented with notes on the distribution and economic importance of each. Included is a revised key to the genera with a reference to the latest revisionary study or review of each genus.

Nitophyllum hommersandii sp. nov. (Delesseriaceae, Rhodophyta) from Taiwan

A new member of the Delesseriaceae (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) is described from Kenting National Park, southern Taiwan. On the basis of comparative vegetative and reproductive morphology, and phylogenetic analysis inferred from chloroplast- encoded rbcL sequences, we conclude that it belongs in the genus Nitophyllum, tribe Nitophylleae, subfamily Nitophylloideae. The new taxon shares the following features with the type species of Nitophyllum, N. punctatum (Stackhouse) Greville: the absence of macro- and microscopic veins; diffuse growth by marginal and intercalary multinucleate meristematic cells; discoid chloroplasts; mature procarps scattered along the thallus margin on both sides, each consisting of a supporting cell bearing a straight, 4-celled carpogonial branch flanked laterally by a cover cell and one sterile group, two connecting cells cut off from the fertilized carpogonium, an auxiliary cell cut off apically from the supporting cell and diploidized by one of two connecting cells; gonimoblasts irregularly subdichotomously branched, bearing terminal carposporangia; a persistent, distinct and uninucleate basal gonimoblast cell; cell fusions entirely absent but broadened pit plugs among gonimoblast cells; and vegetative cells flanking basal gonimoblast cell in the floor of the mature cystocarp dividing to form a rudimentary dome-shaped mount. The new species is distinguished from other members of the genus by the formation of extensive tangled mats of prostrate and overlapping decumbent blades, rhizoidal haptera borne underneath the prostrate blades and marginal rhizoidal filaments along the thallus margin; formation of multiple secondary pit connections among vegetative cells; and spermatangial sori small, numerous and scattered over the fertile blades. We herein describe Nitophyllum hommersandii sp. nov. as a new species in the genus. A comprehensive revisionary study of Nitophyllum and of the generic concepts in the Nitophylleae is recommended.

Perla carantana - a new species of the genus Perla (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Austria and Slovenia

Members of the genus Perla are the largest, and amongst the most endangered European stonefly species. During a revisionary study of this genus, a new species was discovered at several localities in Austria and Slovenia; Perla carantana was named after Carantania, a 7th - 11th century political unit within the territories of Austria and Slovenia. Adults and larvae are nearly indistinguishable from the sympatric species, Perla burmeisteriana Claassen, but the two species can be clearly distinguished on the basis of egg chorion morphology.