Retrospective Analysis Of Surgical Outcomes Research Articles

Impact of Interval versus Early Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Acute Calculus Cholecystitis: A Retrospective Analysis of Surgical Outcomes

Impact of Interval versus Early Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Acute Calculus Cholecystitis: A Retrospective Analysis of Surgical Outcomes

Stereoelectroencephalography and surgical treatment of TSC-associated epilepsy in children: preliminary results

Introduction. The most prevalent symptom of central nervous system involvement in tuberous sclerosis complex is epilepsy, predominantly of a drug-resistant nature. In such cases, surgical treatment methods become a focal point for consideration. Purpose of the study: to analyze the outcomes of surgical treatment for drug-resistant epilepsy in children with tuberous sclerosis following stereoelectroencephalography. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of surgical outcomes for epilepsy in children with tuberous sclerosis after stereo-EEG was conducted. From April 2017 to December 2021, 23 patients underwent prolonged stereo-EEG monitoring. Based on the results of invasive EEG, resective surgery was performed on 14 patients. Primary resection of the epileptogenic zone was carried out in 11 cases (79 %), and repeated resection was performed in 3 cases (21 %). Tuberectomy was conducted in three cases, tuberectomy plus — in six patients, lobectomy — in three patients, multilobar resection — in three cases, and one patient had an extension of the previous resection area with cor ticoectomy. Results. In the follow-up period ranging from 12 to 78 months, ILAE I outcome was observed in 64 % of cases, ILAE IV in 29 % of children, and ILAE V in 7 % of cases. Antiepileptic therapy was discontinued in one patient, a decrease in drug load was noted in four patients, and an increase in drug load was obser ved in one patient. Conclusion. Surgical treatment of TSC-associated epilepsy in children requires a comprehensive pre-surgical examination in specialized centers, incorporating the invasive electroencephalography method. Given the multifocal nature of epilepsy, along with the combination of generalized and focal seizures, resective surgeryis worth considering as palliative treatment in some cases.

A retrospective analysis of surgical outcome in sutureless glueless scleral fixation of foldable intraocular lens.

Cataract surgery constitutes one of the highest volume surgeries performed worldwide approximating 10 million annually, varying from 100 to 6000 per million population. Implantation of scleral fixated intra-ocular lens (SFIOL) is getting popular in managing difficult situations like aphakia, subluxated lens, and dislocated cataracts. This retrospective series evaluated our experience with foldable 3-piece acrylic SFIOL implantation for various challenging surgical scenarios in a tertiary care ophthalmic institute in the southern part of India. The data from the first 150 patients, those operated in our hospital in the aforementioned technique, have been reviewed and analyzed. The mean age of the population was 46.43 years. The most common indication was found to be surgical aphakia (34.66%) followed by traumatic subluxated lens (8.33%). Postoperative BCVA at 3 months improved to 0.255 on the LogMAR scale from preoperative BCVA of 0.795 (P < 0.01). Intraocular pressure was found to stabilize over 3 months follow-up (P = 0.002). The various intraoperative and postoperative complications have been recorded. Ten patients required resurgery out of which eight had postoperative haptic dislocation. A detailed comparison of the role of a surgeon's experience in influencing outcomes has been evaluated. The technique offers physiological IOL placement using minimal surgical maneuvers. We strongly recommend this as a technique of choice for the surgical management of complicated scenarios with inadequate capsular bag support.

A retrospective comparison of simultaneous and staged surgery for degenerative cervico-lumbar tandem spinal stenosis

BackgroundCervical and lumbar tandem spinal stenosis (CLTSS) is a major cause of morbidity secondary to compressive degeneration of the spine. Currently, there is a paucity of studies objectively addressing the best management for this condition in terms of efficacy and cost-effectiveness. Hence, we aimed to conduct a side-by-side retrospective analysis of surgical outcomes, clinical improvement, and cost of care in non-Caucasian Hispanic patients with moderate-to-severe CLTSS subjected to simultaneous or staged cervical and lumbar spine surgery. MethodsRetrospective review of clinical records and postoperative outcomes of adult patients subjected to cervical and lumbar spine surgery either simultaneously or in stages. The surgical pattern was selected based on clinical studies, physical examination, and radiological findings, with monthly follow-up through objective clinical scores for at least six months after the last surgery. ResultsTwelve patients received simultaneous cervical and lumbar spine surgery and six staged operations, both groups with comparable baseline comorbidities, manifestations, radiological findings, and receiving similar surgical procedures and postoperative management. Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion were the standard procedures performed in the cohort. Three patients in the staged-operation group received cervical decompression first. There were no differences between the groups' surgical outcomes, functional recovery, and complication rates. Nonetheless, the total cost of care was significantly lower in patients receiving simultaneous operation, while the clinical improvement was equivalent in both groups. ConclusionsSimultaneous and staged decompression offer similar outcomes for patients with CLTSS, but the one-staged combined surgery has a better cost- effectiveness profile.

Retrospective Analysis of Surgical Outcomes on Axial Length Elongation in Eyes with Posterior and Combined Persistent Fetal Vasculature.

This study aims to investigate the outcomes and risk factors associated with poor vision (vision less than counting fingers, 2.0 logMAR, Snellen vision 20/2000) in patients with posterior or combined persistent fetal vasculature (PFV), with or without surgery. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients who were diagnosed with PFV from January 2008 to April 2021. We included 51 eyes of 44 patients who presented with PFV, of which 38 eyes underwent surgical correction (pars plicata/plana vitrectomy, with or without lensectomy, and intraocular lens implantation) at the median age of 6.0 months (range: 0.7 to 82.0). The mean follow-up was 68.8 months ± 38.0 months. The axial length change in the eyes undergoing surgery was significantly higher than the eyes without surgery (p = 0.025). Initial anterior chamber collapse and retinal detachment were associated with poor vision (p = 0.006 and p = 0.002, respectively). In addition, 37% of eyes with posterior or combined PFV had vision better than counting fingers. Surgery for eyes with PFV could result in better eye growth. Visual outcomes remained poor and were associated with the level of macular abnormality. Initial anterior chamber collapse and retinal detachment at presentation were the risk factors for poor visual outcomes. Vitrectomy for selected PFV eyes is valuable and associated with a better cosmetic outcome (better eye growth).

Surgical treatment of distal cerebral aneurysms

Background. Distal cerebral aneurysms are very rare. To date, there are very few publications on distal cerebral aneurysms and they are mostly limited to clinical case series.Aim. To analyze anatomical characteristics of distal cerebral aneurysms and surgical outcomes, as well as to identify risk factors for a poor outcome and develop a treatment algorithm on this basis; to determine the role of neuronavigation and revascularization in the surgical treatment of distal cerebral aneurysms.Materials and methods. We performed a retrospective analysis of surgical outcomes of 153 patients with distal cerebral aneurysms treated in N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine (Moscow Healthcare Department) between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2019.Results. Distal cerebral aneurysms were identified in 4.5 % cases of all cerebral aneurysms; 81.7 % of patients with distal cerebral aneurysms were admitted to the hospital with ruptured aneurysms. The most frequent locations of distal cerebral aneurysms were pericallosal and middle cerebral arteries. Distal cerebral aneurysms were usually small (77.5 %), had a wide neck (31.8 %), and fusiform structure (15.7 %). Aneurysm clipping was performed in 74.5 % cases; parent artery trapping, in 23.5 % of patients; revascularization, in 5.9 % of patients. The main risk factors for a poor outcome included aneurysm size and location, patient grade on the modified scale of the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (mWFNS), and presence of severe vasospasm.Conclusion. The developed surgical algorithm for distal cerebral aneurysms (based on the assessment of a poor outcome risk factors, the use of neuronavigation, arterial patency control, and revascularization) could improve surgical outcomes of patients with distal cerebral aneurysms.

Extracorporealization of the Mandibular Condyle: Effects on Viability and Function.

For certain condylar fractures, extracorporealization of the condylar segment may be performed via extra-oral vertical ramus osteotomy (EVRO) to facilitate reduction and fixation. This approach can similarly be used for condyle-sparing resection of osteochondromas of the condyle. Due to controversy regarding long-term health of the condyle after extracorporealization, we conducted a retrospective analysis of surgical outcomes. For certain condylar fractures, extracorporealization of the condylar segment may be performed via extra-oral vertical ramus osteotomy (EVRO) to facilitate reduction and fixation. This approach can similarly be used for condyle-sparing resection of osteochondromas of the condyle. Due to controversy regarding long-term health of the condyle after extracorporealization, we investigated the viability of this technique through a retrospective analysis of outcomes. Twenty-six patients were treated using EVRO with extracorporealization of the condyle for both condylar fractures (18 patients) and osteochondroma (8 patients). Of the 18 trauma patients, 4 were excluded due to limited follow-up. Clinical outcomes were measured, including occlusion, maximum interincisal opening (MIO), facial asymmetry, incidence of infection, and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain. Radiographic signs of condylar resorption were investigated, quantified, and categorized using panoramic imaging. Average follow-up was 15.9months. Average maximum interincisal opening was 36.8mm. Four patients demonstrated mild resorption and one patient demonstrated moderate resorption. Two cases of malocclusion were attributed to failed repairs of other concurrent facial fractures. Three patients reported TMJ pain. Extracorporealization of the condylar segment with EVRO to facilitate open treatment of condylar fractures is a viable treatment option when more conventional approaches prove unsuccessful.

Facial reanimation using the hypoglossal nerve and ansa cervicalis: a short-term retrospective analysis of surgical outcomes.

BackgroundTransferring the hypoglossal nerve to the facial nerve using an end-to-end method is very effective for improving facial motor function. However, this technique may result in hemitongue atrophy. The ansa cervicalis, which arises from the cervical plexus, is also used for facial reanimation. We retrospectively reviewed cases where facial reanimation was performed using the ansa cervicalis to overcome the shortcomings of existing techniques of hypoglossal nerve transfer.MethodsThe records of 15 patients who underwent hypoglossal nerve transfer were retrospectively reviewed. Three methods were used: facial reanimation with hypoglossal nerve transfer (group 1), facial nerve reanimation using the ansa cervicalis (group 2), and sural nerve interposition grafting between the hypoglossal nerve and facial nerve (group 3). In group 1, the ansa cervicalis was coapted to neurotize the distal stump of the hypoglossal nerve in a subset of patients. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using the House-Brackmann (H-B) grading system and Emotrics software.ResultsAll patients in group 1 (n = 4) achieved H-B grade IV facial function and showed improvements in the oral commissure angle at rest (preoperative vs. postoperative difference, 6.48° ± 0.77°) and while smiling (13.88° ± 2.00°). In groups 2 and 3, the oral commissure angle slightly improved at rest (group 2: 0.95° ± 0.53°, group 3: 1.35° ± 1.02°) and while smiling (group 2: 2.06° ± 0.67°, group 3: 1.23° ± 0.56°). In group 1, reduced tongue morbidity was found in patients who underwent ansa cervicalis transfer.ConclusionFacial reanimation with hypoglossal nerve transfer, in combination with hypoglossal nerve neurotization using the ansa cervicalis for complete facial palsy patients, might enable favorable facial reanimation outcomes and reduce tongue morbidity. Facial reanimation using the ansa cervicalis or sural nerve for incomplete facial palsy patients did not lead to remarkable improvements, but it warrants further investigation.

Gender-Affirming Facial Surgery: Experiences and Outcomes at an Academic Center.

Background: Gender-affirming facial surgery (GFS) is becoming more widely available for transgender individuals, but data on surgical approaches and outcomes remain limited. Methods: Retrospective analysis of surgical outcomes among consecutive GFS cases performed at a tertiary care academic center between March 2016 and August 2020. Results: Seventy-seven patients underwent 109 surgeries, including 478 individual procedures. The median age was 42 years. Ninety-five percent of patients had public health insurance. Two-stage GFS was often used in older patients (p = 0.001), with the first stage involving bone and cartilaginous alterations, and the second stage involving soft tissue procedures. Mean hospital stay after first-stage GFS was 1.2 days, with 70% discharged on postoperative day 1. Mean follow-up was 11.3 months. Among 66 patients with at least 1 month of follow-up, all complications were minor and included surgical site infection (5%), dehiscence (3.0%), seroma (3%), and medical complications (6%). Thirty-day hospital readmission rate was 1.5%. Conclusions: There are unique surgical approaches for GFS, which demonstrate low complication and readmission rates. Understanding these approaches and outcomes may help guide preoperative patient consultations and clinical decision making.

A retrospective analysis of surgical outcomes following direct anterior hip arthroplasty with or without a surgical extension table

Using a surgical extension table during total hip arthroplasty (THA) is widely considered state-of-the-art. However, intra-operative leg positioning requires additional time and leg length determination can be challenging. Our study's aim was to compare patient outcomes, particularly leg length precision, following surgery with or without an extension table. This retrospective study included data from medical records of 324 patients who underwent THA using the direct anterior approach by one surgeon at a Swiss cantonal hospital (2015-2017). Patients were grouped by table type-standard (TS) or extension table (TE). Variables analyzed were demographics, operative/anaesthetic conditions, and medical outcomes. The leg length was measured pre- and post-operatively with mediCAD Classic®. An extension table was used in 161 (49.7%) patients. The median operative duration (minutes) was shorter in TS (55 (interquartile range (IQR) 48-67) than TE (60 (IQR 54-69)) (p = 0.002) and blood loss (ml) was lower (TS = 400 (IQR 300-500), TE = 500 (IQR 300-600), p = 0.0175). The median post-operative leg length discrepancy (mm) was less in TS (TS = 1 (IQR 0-3), TE = 2 (IQR 0-4), p = 0.0122). All four dislocations occurred in TE, and 7.4% of patients had complications (TS = 7%, TE = 7.5%, p = 0.99). We found that operating on a standard table during THA resulted in slightly more favourable outcomes. Given the added expenses, human resources, and time associated with an extension table, opting for a standard table remains a sensible choice.

Exoscopic resection of atrial intraventricular meningiomas using a navigation-assisted channel-based trans-sulcal approach: Case series and literature review

The surgical treatment of atrial meningiomas carries unique challenges. Recent advancements have aimed to optimize visualization and minimize insult to adjacent tissue. To investigate outcomes following resection of atrial meningiomas using an integrated tubular retraction system with neuro-navigated exoscope. A retrospective analysis of surgical outcomes in consecutive patients who underwent surgical resection of atrial meningiomas via an exoscopic tubular retraction system at three university hospital institutions. Four patients harboring intraventricular meningiomas in the atrium of the lateral ventricle were treated using an integrated navigation-assisted, channel-based trans-sulcal approach via a left temporal-occipital (1), right parieto-occipital (2), or left posterior-temporal (1) sulcal approach with exoscopic visualization. Indications for surgery included headaches (4/4, 100%), dizziness (1/4, 25%), or evidence of progression on imaging (3/4, 75%). Mean maximal tumor diameter was 25.5 mm (range 22–28 mm). No intraoperative complications were observed, and no conversion to a microscopic or open approach was required. Gross total resection (GTR) was obtained in all 4 cases. Median hospital length of stay was 3 days (range 3–4 days). Postoperative complications included homonymous hemianopsia (1) and transient bilateral lower extremity paresthesias (1). At 3-month follow up both complications had improved and all patients had returned to work. At last follow-up (3–24 months), 3 patients (75%) reported improvement of preoperative symptoms.Utilization of a channel-based, navigable retractor with the aid of an exoscope can be an excellent option for accessing the atrium of the lateral ventricles and for achieving complete surgical resection of atrial meningiomas.

Navigable Channel-Based Trans-Sulcal Resection of Third Ventricular Colloid Cysts: A Multicenter Retrospective Case Series and Review of the Literature

Developments in frameless neuronavigation and tubular retractors hold the potential for minimizing iatrogenic injury to the overlying cortex and subcortical tracts, with improved access to the ventricular system. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the surgical outcomes after resection of third ventricular colloid cysts using an integrated neuronavigation and channel-based approach. We performed a multicenter retrospective analysis of surgical Outcomes after surgical resection of third ventricular colloid cysts via a transtubular trans-sulcal approach. A total of 16 patients were included, with a mean age of 42 years (range, 23-62 years). The mean maximum diameter of cysts was 14 mm (range, 7-28 mm), and preoperative hydrocephalous was present in 12 patients (75%). Gross total resection was achieved in all 16 cases. Of the 12 patients, 4 (25%) had undergone septum pellucidotomy, in addition to cyst resection. No case had required conversion to open craniotomy. No perioperative mortalities occurred. Three patients (18.8%) had developed transient memory deficits, 1 of whom had also developed a pulmonary thromboembolism. The median length of hospital stay was 4 days (range, 2-18 days). All the patients reported resolution of preoperative symptoms at the 1-month follow-up examination. Only 1 patient (6.25%) had required insertion of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. The median follow-up duration was 6.5 months (range, 3-24 months), and no recurrences were observed. Use of a channel-based navigable retractor provided a minimal trans-sulcal approach to third ventricular colloid cysts with the benefit of bimanual surgical control in an air medium for definitive resection of third ventricular colloid cysts.

A Retrospective Analysis of Surgical Outcomes and Risk Factors for Persistent Postoperative Symptoms Following Synthetic Mid Urethral Sling Revision.

The purpose of our study was to describe the symptom profile of patients who presented to a tertiary care hospital for sling revision, define the efficacy of sling removal/revision in alleviating symptoms and identify what factors, if any, contribute to favorable surgical outcomes. We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients who underwent revision of a synthetic mid urethral sling at our institution between 2004 and 2016. Patients with a history of vaginal mesh for pelvic organ prolapse were excluded from analysis. The outcomes assessed were the AUASI (American Urological Association Symptom Index) score, the M-ISI (Michigan Incontinence Symptom Index) score, pad use, post-void residual urine volume, examination findings and subjective improvement. A total of 430 patients met study inclusion criteria, of whom 182, 172 and 40 received a transobturator tape, a retropubic mid urethral sling and a mini-sling, respectively. Patients presented with 4 primary complaints, including mesh exposure or erosion, pain or dyspareunia, incontinence and/or bladder outlet obstruction. Of the patients 77% presented with at least 2 categories of symptoms. Average followup was 15 months. Postoperatively the AUASI score decreased from 19.0 to 14.7 (p <0.001) and the bother score decreased from 5.0 to 3.4 (p <0.001). The M-ISI also improved from total and bother scores of 15.7 and 4.4 to a postoperative average of 13.2 and 3.1 (p = 0.002 and <0.001, respectively). During this time approximately 40% of patients who presented with pain had persistent postoperative discomfort, in 20% with obstruction that condition failed to resolve and recurrent mesh complaints developed in 5% with mesh exposure or erosion. On multivariate analysis preoperative narcotic use was a significant risk factor for persistent postoperative pain (OR 6.9). Despite complex patient presentations subjective and objective urological symptom measures significantly improve following mid urethral sling revision.

Retrospective analysis of surgical outcomes for atlantoaxial subluxation

BackgroundAtlantoaxial subluxation (AAS) is characterized by excessive movement at the junction between the atlas (C1) and axis (C2) as a result of either a bony or ligamentous abnormality. Surgical intervention is a therapeutic choice for AAS. In addition to C1 laminectomy (LAM), surgical fixation for subluxation or instability is performed by various techniques. While surgical treatment options for AAS have increased, the outcomes of different surgical techniques remain unclear.MethodsThe authors conducted a retrospective analysis of the outcomes of 30 consecutive spinal surgeries performed for AAS patients, C1 LAM in 11 cases and C1/2 fixation in 19 cases. We investigated the correlation between the clinical outcomes and the surgical methods. We also examined the factors related to poor outcomes (the recovery rate of the Japanese Orthopedic Association score for cervical myelopathy < 40%) following AAS surgeries.ResultsFrom a surgical method perspective, the patients in the C1 LAM group were older than those in the C1/2 fixation group (74.6 years vs 68.0 years), and the average recovery rate from the preoperative status was as follows: the C1 LAM group, 39.4%; the C1/2 fixation group, 49.8%. The C-JOA score was significantly improved after surgery in the C1/2 fixation group (from 9.8 to 13.1 points). The fixation technique seemed to successfully reduce C1/2 displacement. Each group exhibited a slight increase in the C1/2 angle and a decrease in the C2–7 angles after the operation. A higher preoperative atlantodental interval (ADI) was associated with good outcomes after the C1/2 fixation. The postoperative ADI was significantly reduced from 8.6 mm to 3.8 mm in the good outcome group after fixation. Patients with higher C1/2 angle showed good outcomes after C1 LAM. Despite the good neurological improvement, the C1/2 fixation method showed higher complication rates compared with C1 LAM method.ConclusionsThe results of this study showed that the C1/2 fixation technique exhibited effectiveness in terms of neurological recovery. However, there was a high complication rate in surgeries for AAS, especially in the C1/2 fixation. C1 LAM would be considered for high-risk AAS cases such as elderly patients with multiple comorbidities.

Multicenter Investigation of Channel-Based Subcortical Trans-Sulcal Exoscopic Resection of Metastatic Brain Tumors: A Retrospective Case Series.

Recent advancements have aimed to optimize visualization and minimize insult to healthy cortical and subcortical tissue through the use of tubular-based retractors. To investigate outcomes following resection of cerebral metastases using an integrated tubular retraction system with an exoscope and neuronavigation. A multicenter retrospective analysis of surgical outcomes in consecutive patients who underwent resection of a brain metastasis using a tubular retraction system and exoscope was performed. Twenty-five patients were included, with a mean age of 61 yr (24-81 yr). Primary sources included lung (n=13), breast (n=3), renal cell (n=3), and other (n=6). Locations were frontal (n=5), parietal (n=8), cerebellar (n=8), occipital (n=3), and splenium (n=1). Most lesions had a maximum diameter>3.0 cm (n=20) and a tumor depth>4 cm (n=14). Conversion to open (microscopic) craniotomy was not required in any case. Gross total resection was achieved in 20 cases (80.0%) and subtotal resection in 5 cases (20.0%). Median hospital stay was 2 d (1-12 d). All patients underwent postoperative radiation therapy. Perioperative complications developed in 1 patient (4.0%; hemiparesis and subsequent deep vein thrombosis). At 3-mo follow-up, no mortalities were observed, 19 patients (76.0%) demonstrated neurological improvements, 5 patients (20.0%) had a stable neurological exam, and 1 patient (4.0%) had a neurological decline. Utilization of a channel-based, navigable retractor and exoscope is a feasible option for surgical resection of metastatic brain lesions.

The Efficacy and Safety of Microvascular Decompression for Hemifacial Spasm: A Retrospective Analysis of Surgical Outcomes and Complications.

To determine the efficacy and safety of microvascular decompression (MVD) for hemifacial spasm (HFS) by retrospectively reviewing our results. A total of 55 patients who underwent MVD in our clinic between 2003 and 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical outcome results, recurrence rates, and surgical complications were noted. Thirty-six patients were female (65%). The mean age of the patients was 51.3 years. The mean duration of the complaint was 46.4 months. In 45 patients (82%), HFS was completely resolved within the first 6 months after the surgery. Five patients (9%) with recurrent symptoms were reoperated within the first year of the surgery. HFS symptoms of five patients (9%) completely ceased initially, but started again and reoperation was required due to failure of alternative treatments. Delayed facial nerve palsy and hearing loss were noted in one patient for each (2%). Cerebrospinal fluid leak was observed in two patients (4%). No mortality was observed in this series. MVD is a safe and effective option for patients with HFS that is resistant to medical treatment.

Retrospective analysis of complications after surgical treatment of congenital kyphosis in children

Congenital kyphosis occurs as a result of a disruption in the formation or vertebral segmentation in the presence of active semi-vertebra, characterized by rapid progression and, as a rule, development of significant neurological complications. The main surgeries at congenital kyphosis are: ventral and/or posterior fusion in situ, with or without metal devices, vertebroectomy and osteotomy in different modifications. Among postoperative complications in patients with congenital kyphosis, the most common are neurological and fractures of metal devices.Objective: to conduct a retrospective analysis of surgical outcomes of the treatment of congenital kyphosis in children. Methods: case histories were analyzed, patients with congenital kyphosis, whose age did not exceed 18 years, and the follow-up period was at least 2 years after the operation. We assessed the value of the total and local kyphosis, lumbar lordosis. Infectious complications, deformity progression, as well as the complications associated with the instability of metal devices were analyzed.Results: of the 25 patients, 5 had complications: metal device instability with the loss of correction in 3 cases, the infectious — 1, the increase in total kyphosis — 1. In 4 patients revision surgeries were made.Conclusions: use of existing technologies for surgical treatment of congenital kyphosis leads to development of complications after operations. Their main reasons were tactical errors associated with inadequate evaluation of growth potential of the spine, as well as instability of metal devices due to lack of mature bone block. It is necessary to create a technology that can model the growth of the spine and contribute the bone block in the place of osteotomy.

A retrospective analysis of surgical outcomes for acute subdural hematoma in an elderly cohort

Abstract Background Acute subdural hematoma (aSDH) in the elderly is an increasingly important public health issue. Mortality rate in this population can be as high as 90% (Copper et al., 1976; Cagetti et al., 1992; Taussky et al., 2012; Hanif, 2009; Raj et al., 2016; Luerssen et al., 1988). Objective The goal of this study is to examine outcomes for patients 70 years and older who underwent craniotomy for aSDH. Methods This is a retrospective study of patients 70 years and older who underwent craniotomy for evacuation of aSDH between 2006 and 2016. Patients with subacute, chronic, acute-on-chronic SDH and those considered too neurologically devastated to benefit from surgery were excluded. A multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify independent clinical factors associated with mortality. Results A total of 1953 elderly patients with SDH were seen between 2006 and 2016. 1325 patients had non-surgical SDH, 307 were too neurologically devastated to benefit from surgery, and 321 elderly patients had surgery. 112 patients had a craniotomy for aSDH. The overall mortality rate was 42%. 24% of patients were discharged to home or a rehabilitation facility. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that age, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, and surgery type had a significant impact on mortality. Conclusion Elderly patients with aSDH requiring surgery have a high likelihood of mortality. 24% of surgical patients were functional enough to go home or to a rehabilitation facility from the hospital. Age over 80 years old, GCS

The importance of drug-induced sedation endoscopy (D.I.S.E.) techniques in surgical decision making: conventional versus target controlled infusion techniques-a prospective randomized controlled study and a retrospective surgical outcomes analysis.

Drug-Induced Sedation Endoscopy (DISE) consists of the direct observation of the upper airways during sedative-induced sleep, allowing the identification of the sites of pharyngeal collapse, which is the main pathological event in Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). The Authors have compared Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) sedation endoscopy (TCI-DISE) technique to conventional DISE (CDISE), performed by a manual bolus injection of sedative agent, to recreate accurately and safely snoring and apnea patterns comparable to natural sleep. The authors conducted a prospective, randomized, long-term study and a retrospective analysis of surgical outcomes. The apnea-event observation and its correlation with pharyngeal collapse patterns is the primary endpoint; secondary endpoints are defined as stability and safety of sedation plan of DISE-TCI technique. From January 2009 to January 2011, OSA patients were included in the study and randomly allocated into two groups: the bolus injection conventional DISE group and the TCI-DISE group. Third endpoint is to compare the surgical outcomes enrolling OSA patients from January 2009 to June 2015. We recorded the complete apnea-event at oropharynx and hypopharynx levels in 15/50 pts in conventional DISE group (30%) and in 99/123 pts in TCI-DISE group (81%) (p < 0.0001). Four pts needed oxygen in conventional DISE group because a severe desaturation occurred during the first bolus of propofol (1mg/kg) (p = 0.4872ns). We recorded instability of the sedation plan in 13 patients of conventional DISE group (65%) and 1 patient of the TCI-DISE group (5%) (p = 0.0001). In 37 TCI-DISE group surgical patients we reported a significant reduction of postoperative AHI (from 42.7 ± 20.2 to 11.4 ± 10.3) in comparison with postoperative AHI in 15C-DISE group surgical patients (from 41.3 ± 23.4 to 20.4 ± 15.5) (p = 0.05). Our results suggest the DISE-TCI technique as first choice in performing sleep-endoscopy because of its increased accuracy, stability and safety. However, it is mandatory an accurate assessment of PSG/PM, which allows us to differentiate OSA patients in whom UA anatomical abnormalities are predominant in comparison with not-anatomical pathophysiologic factors, achieving good surgical patient's selection and outcomes as a consequence.

Surgical treatment of choanal atresia with transnasal endoscopic approach with stentless single side-hinged flap technique: 5 year retrospective analysis

IntroductionChoanal atresia is a rare congenital malformation of the nasal cavity characterized by the complete obliteration of the posterior choanae. In 67% of cases choanal atresia is unilateral, affecting mainly (71%) the right nasal cavity. In contrast to the unilateral form, bilateral choanal atresia is a life-threatening condition often associated with respiratory distress with feeding and intermittent cyanosis exacerbated by crying. Surgical treatment remains the only therapeutic option. ObjectiveTo report our experience in the use of a transnasal endoscopic approach with stentless single side-hinged flap technique for the surgical management of choanal atresia. MethodsA 5 year retrospective analysis of surgical outcomes of 18 patients treated for choanal atresia with a transnasal technique employing a single side-hinged flap without stent placement. All subjects were assessed preoperatively with a nasal endoscopy and a Maxillofacial computed tomography scan. ResultsTen males and eight females with a mean age at the time of surgery of 20.05±11.32 years, underwent surgery for choanal atresia. Fifteen subjects (83.33%) had a bony while 3 (26.77%) a mixed bony-membranous atretic plate. Two and sixteen cases suffered from bilateral and unilateral choanal atresia respectively. No intra- and/or early postoperative complications were observed. Between 2 and 3 months after surgery two cases (11.11%) of partial restenosis were found. Only one of these presented a relapse of the nasal obstruction and was subsequently successfully repaired with a second endoscopic procedure. ConclusionThe surgical technique described follows the basic requirements of corrective surgery and allows good visualization, evaluation and treatment of the atretic plate and the posterior third of the septum, in order to create the new choanal opening. We believe that the use of a stent is not necessary, as recommended in case of other surgical techniques involving the use of more mucosal flaps.