Retro-orbital Venous Sinus Research Articles

35] Interferon induction with microbial products

This chapter describes two approaches to obtain extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) by either aqueous or phenol extraction of heat-killed bacterial cells. These preparations have been shown to induce interferon and provide antiviral resistance in animals. The phenol extraction, provides a phenol-soluble protein (PSP) for which the starting material is an envelope suspension composed of the 10,000g pellet referred to above suspended in saline to 0.5 g/ml. The PSP may be concentrated while still in the dialysis bag by removing water through contact with polyethylene glycol flakes (20,000 MW polymer, Carbowax) and made isotonic by further dialysis, then diluted to the desired volume (usually equal to that of the 0.5 g per milliliter of envelope suspension) with saline and sterilized by filtration. After intravenous injection of 0.2 ml of ECP or PSP into the tail vein of adult female mice, samples of blood are taken from the retroorbital venous sinus in CO 2 -narcotized mice, usually 2 hour after injection, the time of maximum titer (about 1000 units/ml).

Membrane Immunoglobulins of Lymphocytes in NZB Mice

Abstract Mammalian lymphocytes of spleen, marrow, lymph nodes and peripheral blood have been found to have membrane sites with the structural characteristics of immunoglobulin which have been considered to be receptors for antigens and appear to be indicative of the capacity of these cells to synthesize immunoglobulins (1–7). We have recently found (8) that the proportion of these receptor-carrying lymphocytes (RCL) diminishes in BALB/c mice during the development of plasmacytoma. We were interested to determine if there was also a diminution in the percentage of RCL in other diseases associated with immunologic deficiency, e.g., in NZB mice during the development of the characteristic autoimmune disease. NZB and CF1 mice were divided into three groups according to age: older than 6 months, less than 3 months, and a small group of newborns. Old mice of the BALB/c, SWR and C57B1 strains were also studied. Heparinized blood was obtained from each mouse by puncture of the retro-orbital venous sinus.