Retention In Men Research Articles

UP-01.010 Chronic Urinary Retention in Men: Can We Define It?

UP-01.010 Chronic Urinary Retention in Men: Can We Define It?

Associations between gonadotropins, testosterone, plasma Aβ and PiB retention in men with subjective memory complaints or mild cognitive impairment

Associations between gonadotropins, testosterone, plasma Aβ and PiB retention in men with subjective memory complaints or mild cognitive impairment

SYNDROMES of magnesium depletion and retention in man. Part II.

Journal Article Syndromes of Magnesium Depletion and Retention in Man, Part Ii Get access Nutrition Reviews, Volume 18, Issue 4, April 1960, Pages 101–105, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-4887.1960.tb01713.x Published: 01 April 1960

SYNDROMES of magnesium depletion and retention in man. Part I.

SYNDROMES of magnesium depletion and retention in man. Part I.

Nitrogen retention in man in relation to the level and pattern of essential amino acids.

Nitrogen retention in man in relation to the level and pattern of essential amino acids.

Management of Acute and Chronic Retention in Men

Abstract Urinary retention is complex and may present in various ways as a result of a myriad of pathologic processes. Retention is >10 times more common in men than in women, and acute urinary retention (AUR) is rare in younger men; men in their 70s are at five times more risk of AUR than men in their 40s. Most of the epidemiologic data referred to in the literature are for AUR; data for chronic urinary retention (CUR) are sparse. Management of urinary retention must begin with modifying risk factors for developing AUR by using 5α-reductase inhibitors, follow-up, and early surgical intervention for those who may benefit. Once retention occurs, delay of surgery when possible must be the aim to reduce the risk of perioperative morbidity and mortality as well as to allow the bladder to recover its contractility. Finally, perhaps it is time to use suprapubic catheterisation for retention patients as a first-line approach.

A Grounded Theory Study of Socializing Men into Nursing

This study explores the process that led to the male nurse's decision to become a nurse and to remain a nurse. Grounded theory methods were used to generate a descriptive theory of socialization of men into nursing. Data were collected by individual, semi-structured, in-depth interviews with 20 male Registered Nurses (RNs), residing in Massachusetts, with 1 to 35 years of experience as RNs. Analysis was conducted throughout the data collection period. A constant comparative approach was used until saturation of the categories appeared. MaxQDA, a qualitative software package, was used to assist with data management and analysis. A basic social process, socializing men into nursing, emerged from the data. The basic social process comprises a trajectory of four stages, which encompass the path that men travel to become and remain nurses. These stages occur in a linear manner. The first stage is prior to considering nursing. This is followed by choosing nursing, becoming a nurse, and ends with being a nurse. This study has implications for policy development that will influence the recruitment and retention of men in nursing.

Acute Urinary Retention in Men with BPH; A Review and Presentation of the Management Policy of the Urology Unit, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu.

Acute urinary retention (AUR) is a urological emergency characterized by a sudden and painful inability to pass urine. Early care usually consists of urethral catheterization, or suprapubic catheterization when the urethral approach fails or earlier attempts have resulted in significant urethral trauma. Following these initial steps significant difference had existed in the secondary management of AUR, between the different units regarding issues such as indications for and duration of admission, antibiotic use, alpha adrenergic blocker use and trial without catheter (TWOC). These differences led to a consensus meeting that produced a management protocol for AUR at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, that suits our peculiar conditions. This paper reviews the AUR in general and highlights our management protocol. Keywords : AUR, BPH, Review, Management Policy, UNTH. Journal of College of Medicine Vol. 13 (2) 2008: pp. 138-141

POS-02.58: Etiology and management of urinary retention in men admitted to a tertiary level teaching hospital in South Africa

Urinary retention constitutes a large burden of disease among male Urology patients. However, the causes and management of retention differ in various parts of the world. The aim of this study was to establish the etiology and management of men hospitalized with urinary retention in a developing African country.

Men in nursing: history, challenges, and opportunities

* About the Editors * Preface * Contributors * Foreword, Eleanor J. Sullivan, PhD, RN, FAAN Part I. Our History, Chad E. O'Lynn * History of Men in Nursing: A Review, Chad E. O'Lynn * American Schools of Nursing for Men, Russell E. Tranbarger * The American Assembly for Men in Nursing (AAMN): The First 30 Years as Reported in Interaction, Russell E. Tranbarger * Army Nursing: A Personal Biography, William Bester Part II. Current Issues, Chad E. O'Lynn * The Effects of Gender on Communication and Workplace Relations, Christina G. Yoshimura and Sara Hayden * Men, Caring, and Touch, Chad E. O'Lynn * Reverse Discrimination in Nursing Leadership: Hitting the Concrete Ceiling, Tim Porter-O'Grady * Leadership: How to Achieve Success in Nursing Organizations, Daniel J. Pesut * Gender-Based Barriers for Male Students in Nursing Education Programs, Chad E. O'Lynn Part III. International Perspectives, Chad E. O'Lynn * Gender-Based Barriers for Male Students in General Nursing Education Programs: An Irish Perspective, Brian J. Keogh and Chad E. O'Lynn * Men in Nursing in Canada: Past, Present, and Future Perspectives, Wally J. Bartfay * Men in Nursing: An International Perspective, Larry Purnell Part IV. Future Directions, Russell E. Tranbarger * Recruitment and Retention of Men in Nursing, Susan A. LaRocco * Are You Man Enough to be a Nurse? Challenging Male Nurse Media Portrayals and Stereotypes, Deborah A. Burton and Terry R. Misener * Men's Health: A Leadership Role for Men in Nursing, Demetrius J. Porche * Epilogue, Russell E. Tranbarger * Index.

Insights into the Relationships between Prostatic Disorders and Their Potential Impact on Future Urologic Practice

Although the relationship between increasing age and the prevalence of histologic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), prostate inflammation, high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, atypical small acinar proliferation, and prostate cancer has been understood for some time, our understanding of the interrelationships between prostate diseases beyond epidemiologic associations is evolving. Furthermore, we are just beginning to unravel how these relationships may affect ageing men, in terms of their effects on bladder function, resultant lower urinary tract symptoms, sexual dysfunction, and overall quality of life. There is increasing evidence of a role for inflammation in the development of prostate cancer and also in precipitating symptoms and acute urinary retention in men with BPH. Furthermore, experimental and clinical trial evidence demonstrates the importance of androgens, particularly dihydrotestosterone, in the development and maintenance of a number of prostate disorders. Although the theoretical role of the 5α-reductase inhibitors in the prevention of prostate cancer was hypothesised almost 20 yr ago, it was not until recently that the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial demonstrated their benefit. Taken together with their effects on BPH, and putative benefits on chronic prostate inflammation, it is possible that the 5α-reductase inhibitors may have a broader role in the maintenance of prostate health and that they could provide concomitant benefits across a wider spectrum of prostate disease. Such a strategy has profound implications for the screening, detection, and long-term management of prostate disease in ageing men.

Post-Void Residual Urine Volume is Not a Good Predictor of the Need for Invasive Therapy Among Patients With Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

We assessed the value of baseline PVR as predictor of the need for invasive therapy during long-term followup of patients with clinical BPH treated initially with alpha1-blockers or WW. The records of a cohort of 942 patients with BPH treated with alpha(1)-blockers or WW were reviewed. Baseline I-PSS scores, PSA, prostate volume, uroflowmetry, pressure flow parameters and followup data were collected prospectively. Correlations between PVR and other baseline parameters were calculated. The 5-year cumulative risks of invasive therapy were calculated with the Kaplan-Meier method. After stratification of PVR by various cutoff levels (50, 100 and 300 ml), rate ratios between large and small PVRs were calculated using proportional hazards analyses. PVR has weak (-0.2<R <0.2) correlations with other baseline parameters. With increasing PVR cutoff levels, the 5-year cumulative risk of invasive therapy for the large PVR subgroup, increases from 45% to 64% and from 15% to 21% in the alpha1-blockers and WW group, respectively. Large PVR yields a significant 2-fold up to a 4-fold increased risk of invasive therapy compared to small PVR in both treatment groups. In multivariate models these significant risk differences largely disappear, although a statistically not significant higher risk remains for the large PVR (greater than 300 ml) patients. In general, baseline PVR has little prognostic value for the risk of BPH related invasive therapy in patients on alpha1-blocker and WW. Only patients with large PVR have a 2-fold increased risk of invasive therapy compared to patients with smaller PVR.

Acute urinary retention in men: The risks and outcomes with medical therapy

Acute urinary retention in men: The risks and outcomes with medical therapy

Current NSAID use increases risk of acute urinary retention in men

Current NSAID use increases risk of acute urinary retention in men

Just a knock back? Identity bruising on the route to becoming a male primary school teacher

Men who choose to do ‘women’s work’ and enter the female culture of the primary school can often initially face a range of stereotyped responses to their choice. Drawing on stories from a small sample of trainee and serving male teachers, we adopt the term ‘identity bruising’ to describe the ‘knock backs’ that occur to them in primary schools. How the men react to ‘bruising’ is of considerable interest, given the current concern in the UK to improve the recruitment and retention of men in primary training and teaching. An inductive and reflexive methodology is used whereby we work with the men to explore how they become aware of, understand and negotiate the problematic nature and gendered assumptions of masculinities that underpin the restrictions that they encounter.

Acute urinary retention in men: the risks and outcomes with medical therapy

This paper is restricted to the discussion of the relatively modern disorder of sudden painful inability to urinate in older men. It was not a common medical problem until the 19th century when, in developed countries, male life expectancy increased to beyond 60 years; it remains an uncommon problem in those developing countries where male life expectancy remains low, particularly in some sub-Saharan African countries where male life expectancy is only 44.8 years.

Molecular Mechanisms of Vitamin E Transport

Vitamin E is the most important lipid-soluble antioxidant in humans. Specific tocopherol-binding proteins favor the retention of the most potent vitamin E homologue, RRR-alpha-tocopherol (RRR-alpha-T) in man. The crystal structures of both the ligand-charged and the apo-forms of human alpha-tocopherol transfer protein (alpha-TTP) and of human supernatant protein factor (SPF) have been solved. The renewed interest in the biological function of tocopherol binders is based on the discovery of ataxia with vitamin E deficiency, a neurological disorder that is caused by genetic defects of the alpha-TTP gene and/or vitamin E deficiency. The analysis of the crystal structure of alpha-TTP provides the molecular basis of vitamin E retention in man. SPF has been reported to enhance cholesterol biosynthesis by facilitating the conversion of squalene to lanosterol. Nevertheless, the physiological role of SPF as well as its ligand specificity is not known. Investigations on the substrate specificity of SPF have uncovered binding of RRR-alpha-tocopherylquinone (RRR-alpha-TQ). RRR-alpha-TQ represents the major physiological oxidation product of RRR-alpha-T. The three-dimensional overlay of the ligand-charged structures of SPF and alpha-TTP indicates that ligand specificity in both proteins is mostly modulated by side-chain variations rather than by the backbone. Recent reports point towards the in vivo reduction of RRR-alpha-TQ to RRR-alpha-TQH(2) and its protective role in low-density lipoprotein oxidation. On the basis of these reports, it is proposed that SPF may enhance cholesterol biosynthesis indirectly by mediating the transfer of RRR-alpha-TQ to low-density lipoprotein, thus reducing oxidation of low-density lipoprotein and its subsequent cellular uptake by scavenger receptors.

The effect of acute urinary retention in men with benign prostate hyperplasia on serum prostate specific antigen levels

目的 探讨前列腺增生症合并急性尿潴留对血清前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)浓度的影响.方法回顾性分析2002年10月至2003年12月16例61～84岁的前列腺增生症合并急性尿潴留患者导尿前和留置尿管引流1周后的血清PSA浓度,同期以需手术的前列腺增生症患者51例术前血清PSA浓度为对照组,对比其血清PSA浓度的变化.结果急性尿潴留组和对照组的血清PSA浓度分别为19.5±11.6 μg/L和3.4±2.2 μg/L,两组间差异有非常显著意义(t＝14.26,P＜0.001);16例急性尿潴留组,留置尿管引流1周后血清PSA浓度较导尿前明显下降(t＝8.96,P＜0.001).结论前列腺增生症合并急性尿潴留时血清PSA浓度明显升高,留置尿管引流1周后PSA浓度可逐渐下降。

Acute urinary retention after transperineal template-guided prostate biopsy

Purpose Urinary retention occurs in 5%–36% of patients with prostate cancer after implantation of radioactive seeds for brachytherapy. We used transperineal biopsy as a model to determine the influence of needle trauma on urinary retention. Methods and material We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 157 men with high risk of prostate cancer who underwent systematic ultrasound-guided biopsy of the prostate with the transperineal template technique and an 18-gauge automated biopsy device. Results Eighteen of 157 patients (11.5%; 95% confidence interval, 6.9%–17.5%) had urinary retention within 48 hours after biopsy. Median age was 68.5 years in patients with retention vs. 67.0 years in patients without ( p = 0.319); median calculated prostate volume, 76.5 vs. 51.5 mL ( p = 0.015); and median number of biopsy cores, 22.0 vs. 20.0 ( p = 0.038). Age distribution differed between groups ( p = 0.047), with more younger men in the no-retention group. On multivariate analysis, only number of biopsy cores significantly predicted urinary retention ( p = 0.003). Four patients required transurethral resection; 1 had an indwelling catheter until radical prostatectomy; and 13 were catheter-free within 1–5 days. Conclusions Needle trauma alone may cause urinary retention in men undergoing transperineal procedures. The number of needle incursions and prostate size are predictors of postprocedure urinary retention.

Editorial comment

The question that this article begs is, why a practicing urologist should care whether a laboratory test can predict the actual prostate volume in a patient with lower urinary tract symptoms associated with BPH. The answer is complex. Several years ago, it was shown that a clinically useful correlation exists between the total serum PSA level and total prostate volume as measured by TRUS in men in whom prostate cancer had been excluded by routine clinical care (ie, performing a biopsy in those men with an elevated PSA level). 1 Roehrborn C.G Boyle P Gould A.L et al. Serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) is a reliable surrogate for prostate volume. Urology. 1999; 53: 581-590 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (280) Google Scholar These findings have been verified by others subsequent to the original publication. This observation in itself, although intellectually interesting, is of limited clinical utility. However, baseline parameters that predict the natural history of a given disease are clinically useful. To this end, it has been shown that total serum PSA is the best baseline predictor of episodes of acute urinary retention, as well as the need for prostate-related surgery in men with BPH. 2 Roehrborn C.G McConnell J.D Lieber M.M et al. Serum prostate specific antigen concentration is a powerful predictor of acute urinary retention and need for surgery in men with clinical benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urology. 1999; 53: 473-480 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (265) Google Scholar , 3 Roehrborn C, Malice M-P, Cook T, et al: Clinical predictors of spontaneous acute urinary retention in men with LUTS and clinical BPH: a comprehensive analysis of the pooled placebo groups of several large clinical trials. Urology 58: 210–216, 2001 Google Scholar Furthermore, it had been shown that serum PSA is also the best predictor of future prostate growth. 4 Roehrborn C.G McConnell J Bonilla J et al. Serum prostate specific antigen is a strong predictor of future prostate growth in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia PROSCAR long-term efficacy and safety study. J Urol. 2000; 163: 13-20 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (200) Google Scholar Finally, it predicts whether patients will have symptomatic worsening and deterioration of urodynamic parameters. 5 Roehrborn CG, McConnell JD, Bonilla J, et al: Serum prostate specific antigen and prostate volume predict long-term changes in symptom and flow rate: results of a four-year randomized trial comparing finasteride versus placebo. Urology 54: 662–669, 1999 Google Scholar Of course, serum PSA is not perfect in predicting these events, and many patients with a low PSA level will develop problems, and other patients with a high PSA level will not. The present article examined BPSA, a subform of PSA, and its relationship to age and physiologic measures in lower urinary tract symptoms and BPH. Although BPSA was found to have a slightly better performance characteristic in terms of its correlation to the total and TZ volume, the most significant finding, perhaps, was that, unlike total PSA, BPSA has an age-independent relationship to the TZ volume of the prostate (ie, the amount of tissue actually representing BPH). Thus, at present, BPSA is the best predictor of clinically significant enlargement of the TZ of the prostate, which is to say, the best predictor of what we currently understand BPH to be. In addition, there is at least a modest correlation between BPSA and certain aspects of the subjective symptom spectrum associated with the disease. What is not shown in this article but is of crucial importance is the question of whether BPSA is superior to total PSA in predicting the natural history of the disease. Clearly, if BPSA or other molecules in a more precise manner were able to predict symptom progression, deterioration of flow rate, future prostate growth, and subsequent episodes of retention and/or surgery, it would be a most welcome addition to our diagnostic armamentarium. In fact, the more precise the instrument is, the more useful it is to clinicians and the more cost-effectively clinicians can practice preventive medicine with the use of 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors to prevent that progression. If one could demonstrate that BPSA predicts with reasonable accuracy significant progression, the use of 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors in a preventive setting would be a very reasonable preventative strategy. Future studies to evaluate this are certainly needed and likely will be carried out on existing databases and in future studies.