Results Of Confirmatory Factor Analysis Research Articles

Assessment of the Psychometric Properties of the Mask Usability Scale: A Measure of the Perceived Usability of N95 Respirators Among Healthcare Students and Staff.

To test the reliability and construct validity of the Mask Usability Scale in healthcare students and staff. A methodological study involving repeated measures. The study included two batches of participants: (1) 283 university nursing students and (2) 1753 participants composed of students (61%) and clinical staff (39%). All participants underwent N95 respirator fit tests and user seal checks. They also responded to the Mask Usability Scale, which comprises 11 items evaluated using Likert scales. The internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha and item-total correlation test. Test-retest reliability was evaluated by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The factor structure was initially identified through exploratory factor analysis (EFA), laying the groundwork for the model. This approach was followed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to ensure the model fits with the standardised solution. Excluding items 9, 10 and 11, the study showed satisfactory internal consistency, evidenced by a Cronbach's alpha of 0.842 for the eight-item scale from the combined samples. Factors, such as 'Heat', 'Breathability', 'Tightness' and 'Ease in talking' showed moderate to strong correlations. The test-retest reliability in the batch one sample was acceptable with ICCs ranging between 0.69 and 0.71 for different models. The EFA and fit indices supported a two-factor structure. The first factor 'Comfort and Usage' included 'Heat', 'Breathability', 'Tightness', 'Ease in talking' and 'Prolonged use', which were keys for the usability of N95 respirators. The second factor 'Suitability' encompassed 'Itchy', 'Easily displaced' and 'Ear soreness'. The variance explained by the first and second factors was 49% and 12%, respectively, with a strong inter-factor correlation. The CFA results were satisfactory with fit metrics (NFI = 0.967, IFI = 0.969, TLI = 0.952, CFI = 0.969, RMSEA = 0.078 with 90% CI [0.069, 0.086] and p < 0.001) and a chi-squared to df ratio of 13.58. The eight-item mask usability scale exhibited satisfactory internal consistency and construct validity in both healthcare student and staff samples. The primary concern in the purchase policy of N95 respirators for clinical use is to strike the right balance between usability and fit rate (passing % of fit testing). Our study solidified the concept of quantifying the usability of respirators. With that mask usabilityscale measurement, a provision of benchmark and reference for the design and selection of respirators would be possible. This validated scale has significant implications for senior management in clinical settings and respirator manufacturers regarding the N95 respirator purchase policy and design. The results indicatedthe psychometric propertiesof mask usability scale in measuring the usability of N95 respirators. This scale is particularly valuable for assessing the perceptions of healthcare students and staff of factors, namely, 'Heat', 'Breathability', 'Tightness', 'Ease in talking', 'Prolonged use', 'Itchy', 'Easily displaced' and 'Ear soreness' concerning the use of N95 respirators. We adhered to EQUATOR guidelines following the STROBE statement. No patient or public contribution. ISRCTN registry: ISRCTN40115047.

Construction of women's empowerment index for Bangladesh

IntroductionThis study is dedicated to refining and enhancing the measurement model of women's empowerment in Bangladesh. Women's empowerment, a crucial and multifaceted aspect of societal growth, is often hindered by gender disparities. This is particularly evident in societies like Bangladesh, where women face inequalities in education, economic opportunities, and decision-making power. To address these disparities effectively, it is essential to have a comprehensive understanding of women's empowerment. Therefore, this study aims to refine and enhance the measurement model to capture the multifaceted nature of women's empowerment accurately.MethodsTo gather data for this study, a structured questionnaire was administered to married women of reproductive age (15–49) in eight Mouza/Mohalla in Dhaka, Bangladesh. This unique approach allowed us to capture a diverse range of perspectives. We used thirty-three indicators across economic, socio-cultural, household, and psychological dimensions to measure women's empowerment. The sample data were then randomly divided for exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to identify and validate a comprehensive multidimensional framework.ResultsOut of 625 respondents, only 36% of women worked, and ~39% married before age 18. Employing thirty-three items in EFA led to identifying eight critical factors (economic independence, control over household financial decisions, household decision-making, reproductive decision-making, freedom of movement, media exposure, positive self-esteem, and negative self-esteem). These factors, which explained 72.661% of the total variance in the data, provide a practical framework for understanding and addressing women's empowerment. Each component was then divided into two sub-dimensions to acquire a better understanding. The CFA indicated a good model fit for each dimension, and convergent and discriminant validity assessments were used to establish reliability and validity, further enhancing the practical implications of our findings.ConclusionsThe results of our rigorous exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses not only confirmed the sample structures and internal consistency but also provided significant insights. The findings suggested an adequate fit for all CFA models, indicating the robustness of our measurement model. According to the CFA results, each dimension's variables are satisfactory, and all the dimensions can be combined to create a single index measuring women's empowerment. This comprehensive understanding of women's empowerment, with its specific dimensions and factors, equips policymakers and practitioners with the knowledge to develop a wide range of interventions appropriate to particular facets of empowerment, thereby fostering societal growth and gender equality.

Development of digital literacy model for college students in Minzu colleges and universities in Southwest China

Constructing a digital literacy model for college students in Minzu Colleges and Universities in Southwest China is crucial for advancing the implementation of the "Action Plan for Improving National Digital Literacy and Skills" and effectively conducting digital literacy education. By researching digital literacy models from abroad and employing bibliometric methods, an initial conceptual framework for the digital literacy model for college students was developed. A mixed-methods research approach, combining quantitative and qualitative research, was used. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was employed to test the validity and reliability of the initial model, which was then refined based on CFA results and expert feedback. In-depth interviews with experts were conducted to further optimize the model. The resulting digital literacy model for college students in Minzu Colleges and Universities in Southwest China not only holds significant implications for digital literacy education in this region but also provides a reference for constructing digital literacy models for other educational stages and in different regions. This model-building approach can serve as a valuable reference for similar research and practice.

Measurement invariance of the Child Behavior Checklist in autistic toddlers

BackgroundChallenging behavior has been examined in older children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but less is known about these behaviors in toddlers, due in part to variability in measurement and limited instruments available for this population. To address this need, this study examined the psychometric properties of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), a commonly used and widely validated measure of challenging behavior, in a group of toddlers with ASD. MethodParticipants included 496 toddlers aged 18–48 months with (n=398) and without (n= 100) a diagnosis of ASD. Psychometrics of the CBCL were analyzed including internal consistency, factor structure, and measurement invariance. ResultsConfirmatory factor analysis results indicated acceptable fit for the tested model, and internal consistency was largely acceptable. All levels of measurement invariance were tested for each subscale. The Emotional Reactivity, Anxious/Depressed, Withdrawn, and Aggressive Behavior subscales achieved scalar invariance, while the Attention Problems subscale achieved metric invariance, and the Somatic Complaints subscale did not achieve even configural invariance. ConclusionsResults indicate the current CBCL conceptualization of challenging behavior in autistic toddlers is consistent with such constructs in older autistic children and provide preliminary support for the use of the CBCL to assess for challenging behavior in toddlers with ASD. Measurement invariance (MI) analyses support the construct validity of the CBCL in toddlers with ASD. However, based on the results of the MI analyses, some caution is warranted with specific subscales when conducting group comparison analyses between toddlers with and without ASD.

The Perceived Weight Stigma Scale and Weight Self-Stigma Questionnaire: Rasch analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and network analysis among Chinese adolescents

ObjectivesThe objectives of the present study were to (i) re-evaluate and expand the psychometric properties of two weight stigma instruments—the Perceived Weight Stigma Scale (PWSS) and the Weight Self-Stigma Questionnaire (WSSQ) among a large sample of adolescents using advanced psychometric methods and (ii) examine how the different types of weight stigma (i.e., PWSS and WSSQ) are associated with psychological distress. Study designCross-sectional study. MethodsIn September 2023, a cross-sectional survey utilising convenience sampling was used to recruit 9995 adolescents (mean age = 16.36 years [standard deviation = 0.78]; 57.8% males). They completed the PWSS, WSSQ, and a measure on psychological distress. The data were analysed using Rasch analysis, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), structural equation modelling (SEM), and network analysis. ResultsThe CFA and Rasch model results showed acceptable psychometric properties regarding factor structure, factor loading, difficulty, and infit and outfit mean squares (except Items 4 and 7 of the PWSS). There was no substantial differential item functioning for any tested items across the sex and weight categories. The CFA and SEM results showed promising validity indices with significant associations between both weight stigma scales and psychological distress (i.e., depression, anxiety, and stress). Network analysis showed inter-variable connectivity between nodes PWSS3 (“People act as if they are afraid of you”) and WSSQF7 (“I feel insecure about others’ opinions of me”). ConclusionsBoth weight stigma scales had acceptable psychometric properties and were significantly associated with psychological distress, although each assessed different types of weight stigma. This suggests that researchers and clinicians can use these scales to reliably and validly assess weight stigmas among adolescents.

A Study on the Reliability and Validity of the Social Media Leadership Scale in Education Organizations Sample

Purpose: In this study, it is aimed to develop a Likert-type scale that can measure the status of managers and employees working in organizations in the context of social media leadership in a sample of educational organizations. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study was conducted on teachers working in schools affiliated with the Ministry of National Education during the 2022–2023 academic year. Expert opinions were sought to ensure the construct validity of the scale. The content validity rates of the items were determined, and the content validity index of the scale was calculated as 0.88. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were conducted to test the validity of the scale. KMO and Bartlett tests were used to determine the suitability of the obtained data for factor analysis. The EFA revealed that the scale had a 5-factor structure, which was then confirmed by the CFA. The CFA results were supported by acceptable and excellent fit values. The conformity and validity of the scale and the correlation between the factors were calculated. The internal consistency reliability coefficient was used to determine the reliability of the scale. After the aforementioned procedures, the Social Media Leadership Scale (SMLLS) was developed. The SMLLS consists of 24 items with 5 factors: guidance, innovation, ethical principles, sensitivity, and awareness. The lowest score on the scale is 24, and the highest score is 120. Findings: The SMLS is a measurement tool developed to determine the leadership levels of social media users. The findings regarding the validity and reliability of the scale indicate that it has sufficient psychometric properties to determine the leadership levels of social media users. Highlights: This scale can be used to assess the current status of teachers and administrators working at various levels within educational institutions in the context of social media leadership.

Arabic translation and validation of the clinician administered Staden schizophrenia anxiety rating scale (S-SARS)

BackgroundResearch on anxiety in patients with schizophrenia of Arab origin is surprisingly scarce, particularly given that expressions of both psychotic disorders and anxiety disorders can be largely shaped by cultural factors. This study proposes to complement previous research by exploring the psychometric characteristics of an Arabic translation of the Staden Schizophrenia Anxiety Rating Scale (S-SARS) in chronic, remitted patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. As the Arabic version of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item Scale (GAD-7) has not been previously validated in Arabic in patients with schizophrenia, this study had as a secondary aim to investigate the psychometric properties of this scale before its use. MethodThis cross-sectional study was performed over a period of three months (August–October 2023). A total of 177 chronic inpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia (63.3 % males) who were remitted and clinically stable participated in the study. ResultsConfirmatory factor analyses showed that all 10 items loaded onto a single factor and had high factor loading values between .53 and .81. The reliability of the S-SARS in its Arabic version was excellent as attested by a McDonald's omega and a Cronbach's alpha coefficients of .90 and .89, respectively. The score of Arabic S-SARS correlated positively with the GAD-7 scores (r = .55; p < .001), thus supporting good convergent validity. As for discriminant validity, findings showed positive correlations between S-SARS and depression scores as assessed using the Calgary Depressive Symptoms Scale. In addition, the Arabic S-SARS correlated negatively with general functioning, further supporting the good validity and clinical relevance of the scale. Finally, measurement invariance was established in the sex subsamples (males vs. females) at the scalar, metric and configural levels, with females showing more anxiety than males. ConclusionFindings suggest that the Arabic S-SARS holds good psychometric properties, and is suitable for use among Arabic-speaking people diagnosed with schizophrenia in both research and clinical practice. The Arabic version of S-SARS will hopefully be widely applied to provide useful and timely clinical information for monitoring and adequately treating patients with schizophrenia, in order to improve the course and prognosis of the disease.

Assessing the psychometric properties of the World Health Organization -five well-being index (WHO-5) in Filipino samples amid the COVID-19 pandemic

BackgroundThe WHO-5 well-being index is a brief rating scale extensively used to evaluate well-being symptoms. Despite the increasing number of studies validating this instrument across different samples from different countries, its psychometric properties remain unexplored in the Philippine context. Bridging this gap, the present study assessed the psychometric properties of the WHO-5 in Filipinos amid the pandemic.MethodsIn study one, exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) was conducted using a sample of Filipinos (N = 2,521) from the general population and a unidimensional model of well-being was extracted. In study two, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was employed to examine the one-factor model in 1,289 Filipino government workers. In study three, nomological validity was examined by performing a mediation analysis using 407 Filipino left-behind emerging adult children with dysfunctionality as mediator, pandemic-related adversities as independent variable, and well-being as the dependent variable.ResultsThe results of ESEM and CFA provided support for the WHO-5 one-factor model. Moreover, the negative relationship of well-being to anxiety, depression, and distress lend evidence to the scale’s criterion validity. The results of the mediation analysis performed in study three implied that those who experienced pandemic-related adversities tended to have greater dysfunctionality, and in turn, had lower levels of well-being.ConclusionsOverall, the findings suggest that the WHO-5 well-being index is a psychometrically sound tool for measuring Filipinos’ well-being.

Parental burnout assessment: Validation in Indonesian parents

ObjectiveIn the last fifteen years, there has been a growing global focus on parental burnout due to its negative impact on parents, partners, and children. The Parental Burnout Assessment (PBA) is the established measurement to assess parental burnout and has been validated in various languages. Nevertheless, the Indonesian version of PBA is not available. The present study validated the Parental Burnout Assessment (PBA) in Indonesian parents. MethodsData were analyzed with 679 Indonesian parents (mothers= 593, fathers= 86) aged 22–66 (mean= 38.07, SD= 7.91). Participants were recruited through social media. ResultsConfirmatory Factor Analysis confirmed a good fit of data confirming the original four-factor model (CFA (χ2 (679=959.553, df=212, p = .000; CFI=0.93; GFI=0.894; RMSEA= 0.072; CI=0.067; 0.077; SRMR = 0.05; TLI= 0.917). Results revealed good internal consistency for the overall score (α = 0.93) and its dimensions (emotional exhausted= 0.86; contrast= 0.86; feeling of being fed up= 0.89), except for emotional distancing (α = 0.53). The Indonesian version of PBA also revealed good psychometric properties for construct validity, with measures of emotional well-being, parenting stress, and aloneliness (rpositive affect= -0.58; rnegative affect= 0.60; rparental stress= 0.64; raloneliness= 0.59). ConclusionThe results support its relevance for assessing parental burnout among Indonesian-speaking parents, offering new opportunities for cross-cultural research and clinical diagnosis in the parenting domain. Our research confirms the reliability and validity of the Indonesian adaptation of the Parental Burnout Assessment (PBA-ID). These findings underscore the relevance of the PBA-ID within the Indonesian setting, offering significant implications for mental health assessment and intervention strategies.

Translation and validation of the Persian version of the Nursing Practice Readiness Scale (NPRS) for new graduate nurses

BackgroundThe clinical readiness of newly graduated nurses is crucial in meeting the growing demand for health services. Consequently, it is essential to develop a scale that accurately evaluates the clinical readiness of these novice nurses.AimThis study aimed to translate and psychometrically evaluate the Persian version of the Nursing Practice Readiness Scale (NPRS) for new graduate nurses.MethodsThis methodological and cross-sectional study was conducted on new graduate nurses from June to November 2023 in Kermanshah City, Iran. The translation of the scale was performed using the forward–backward translation method. Construct validity was assessed using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) with a sample of 180 participants and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) with a sample of 318 participants, both employing the convenience sampling method. The internal consistency of the tool was measured using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Additionally, the tool’s reliability was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The analyses were conducted using SPSS version 27 and LISREL version 8 software.ResultsThe results of EFA and CFA confirmed the tool’s structure, comprising five factors and 35 items. The CFA results showed a well-fitting model (CFI = 0.96, NNFI = 0.96, GFI = 0.893, RMSEA = 0.062, SRMR = 0.049). Pearson’s correlation coefficient indicated a significant relationship between the items, subscales, and the main scale. Additionally, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the tool was 0.932, and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.891(0.724–0.957).ConclusionThe Persian version of the Nursing Practice Readiness Scale (NPRS) is a valid and reliable tool, comprising 35 items and five factors. This scale can be effectively used to evaluate the clinical readiness of newly graduated nurses within the Iranian community.

VALIDITY OF ENGAGEMENT INSTRUMENT DURING ONLINE LEARNING IN MATHEMATICS EDUCATION

The current study aimed to assess the validity of the engagement instrument during online learning in mathematics education. This study used a survey research design as its approach. The current research participants were 203 Generation Z students in West Nusa Tenggara Barat, Indonesia. Convenience sampling techniques were used to assess who had completed the online survey. Three procedures were used to analyze the data in this research: exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and Rasch analysis. EFA revealed that the online engagement instrument had two sub-components: behavioral engagement and emotional engagement. At the same time, the CFA results showed that the model fit indices established the first- and second-order model's two-factor structure. Finally, the results showed that the online engagement instrument’s item and person reliability were good. The findings indicate a potential for enhancement even though the Rasch analysis largely supported the results of EFA and CFA. The current research’s novelty is that it provides a valid and reliable instrument to assess student`s engagement during online learning in a mathematical education context. Using the current instrument can ensure the accuracy, reliability, and credibility of research on student engagement during online learning in mathematics education.

Psychometric evaluation of the Indonesian version of paternal breastfeeding self-efficacy scale- short form: A confirmatory factor analysis

BackgroundFathers play a significant role in supporting sustaining exclusive breastfeeding. It is crucial to assess paternal confidence in assisting mothers during breastfeeding. Research aimThis study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Paternal Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale- Short Form among Indonesian fathers. MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 462 fathers whose wives gave birth to the baby in public hospitals in Indonesia. The internal consistency and test-retest reliability were examined using Cronbach's alpha and intraclass correlation coefficient. We evaluated the convergent, divergent, predictive, and construct validity. ResultsConfirmatory factor analysis demonstrated a one-factor structure model with satisfactory fit indices. The Cronbach's alpha (0.96), McDonald's Omega coefficient (0.97), and intraclass correlation coefficient (0.99) indicated an excellent reliability of the scale. The father's breastfeeding self-efficacy was positively correlated with the mother's breastfeeding self-efficacy (r= 0.251, p < .001), and negatively associated with symptoms of depression (r = -0.150, p < .01) and anxiety (r = -0.314, p < .001). We also found a positive correlation between BSES-SF and exclusive breastfeeding at two weeks postpartum (r = 0.538, p < .001). Fathers who were employed and their partner was multipara, had a vaginal birth, practiced skin-to-skin contact and rooming-in, and exclusive breastfeeding were more confident to support their partner's breastfeeding. ConclusionsThe Indonesian version of the paternal Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale- Short Form is a reliable and valid tool for screening and assessing fathers’ confidence in assisting mothers in breastfeeding.

Validity of the Physical activity scale for the elderly: results from the Neyshabur Longitudinal Study on Ageing

Background. Adequate physical activity is essential to healthy aging. This study aimed to examine the construct validity of the Persian version of the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) among community-dwelling adults, which would be used as a screening tool at the Neyshabur longitudinal study on the aging (NELSA) Center. Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Neyshabur, Iran, as a pilot phase at the NELSA center between May and January 2019. The sampling method was a stratified random method. For explanatory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), 300 and 650 community-dwelling adults aged 50 and older were selected, respectively. EFA was used with the principal component extraction method, and Varimax rotation and CFA were performed with the maximum likelihood estimation method. Results. Of the 950 participants, 445 (46.8%) were male, and 505 (53.2%) were female. The mean age of participants was 63 ± 8.6 years. The mean physical activity score was 89.7 ± 70.7. According to the percentage of variance explained in EFA, all five extracted factors explained 62.7% of the total variance. The results of CFA showed that all item-scale relationships were significant (P &lt; 0.05), except for household activity (Q8) and leisure time activity (Q2) (P &gt; 0.05). The values of the fit indices showed that the model fits well with the data. Conclusion. The EFA and CFA confirmed the construct validity of the Persian version of PASE. This questionnaire is suitable for measuring the physical activity level of older Persian adults. Practical Implications. The Persian version of PASE is suitable for measuring the physical activity level of older Persian adults.

Assessment of the psychometric properties of the traditional Chinese version of the cancer survivors’ self-efficacy scale

BackgroundThe reliability and validity of the traditional Chinese version of the Cancer Survivors’ Self-Efficacy Scale (CS-SES-TC) has not been assessed.ObjectiveTo assess the psychometric properties of the Traditional Chinese version of the CS-SES-TC.MethodsParticipants were recruited from the outpatient departments of a hospital in Taiwan. A single questionnaire was administered to 300 genitourinary cancer survivors. The scales included in the initial questionnaire were the CS-SES-TC, the General Self-Efficacy Scale, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General scale (FACT-G). Data obtained from 300 survivors were used to confirm the structure through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).ResultsThe CFA results indicate that the 11-item CS-SES-TC is consistent with the original scale. Furthermore, it was identified as a unidimensional scale, with the model showing acceptable goodness-of-fit (CFI = 0.99, TLI = 0.97). The factor loading of each item in the CS-SES-TC was above 0.6 and had convergent validity. Based on multiple-group CFA testing, the change (ΔCFI) between the unconstrained and constrained models was ≤ 0.01, indicating that measurement invariance holds for gender. The participants’ CS-SES-TC scores were positively correlated with their FACT-G scores and negatively correlated with their CES-D scores. The scales exhibited concurrent validity and discriminant validity. The CS-SES-TC had a Cronbach’s α in the range of .97–.98.ConclusionThe CS-SES-TC had acceptable reliability and validity. Healthcare workers can use this scale for ongoing assessment of the cancer-related self-efficacy of cancer survivors.

Testing reliability and validity of the Korean version of Debriefing Assessment for Simulation in Healthcare (K-DASH)

BackgroundUse of the Debriefing Assessment for Simulation in Healthcare (DASH©) would be beneficial for novice debriefers with less or no formal training in debriefing. However, the DASH translated into Korean and tested for psychometrics is not yet available. Thus, this study was to develop a Korean version of the DASH student version (SV) and test its reliability and validity among baccalaureate nursing students in Korea.MethodsThe participants were 99 baccalaureate nursing students. Content validity using content validity index (CVI), construct validity using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and internal consistency using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient were assessed.ResultsBoth Item-CVIs and Scale-CVI were acceptable. EFA supported the unidimensional latent structure of Korean DASH-SV and results of CFA indicated 6 items converged within the extracted factor, significantly contributing to the factor (p ≤ .05). Items were internally consistent (Cronbach’s α = 0.82).ConclusionThe Korean version of the DASH-SV is arguably a valid and reliable measure of instructor behaviors that could improve faculty debriefing and student learning in the long term.

Disability Identity Development Scale: A validation study among college students with disabilities.

(a) To investigate the construct validity of the DIDS scores at the item and factor level using item response theory (IRT) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA); (b) to investigate convergent validity of the DIDS scores with related constructs; and (c) to determine the reliability of each DIDS factor. A convenience sample of 210 undergraduate college students with disabilities enrolled in a west coast 4-year public university participated in this study. Measures included the DIDS, the University Belongingness Questionnaire, and the College Self-Efficacy Inventory. Data were analyzed using the Rasch IRT framework, CFA, Omega reliability, and correlational analyses. IRT and CFA results revealed the data fit a 36-item, four-factor DIDS structure. Three items in the factor measuring adoption of disability community values items were easier, and four items in the factor measuring contribution to the disability community were difficult as compared with other DIDS items. Omega reliability analyses showed strong reliability for each DIDS factor. Correlation analyses found convergent and discriminant validity evidence for the DIDS with correlations with the University Belongingness Questionnaire and College Self-Efficacy Inventory in the hypothesized direction and magnitude. Findings provide evidence for Forber-Pratt and colleagues' theoretically and empirically derived DIDS, advancing the research, measurement, and practical application of disability identity development. Results are aligned with Forber-Pratt's psychosocial model of disability identity theoretical framework. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Psychometric properties of the ultra-brief self-report Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) to assess anxiety and depression in Arabic-speaking adults

BackgroundAnxiety and depression are psychiatric disorders that often coexist and share some features. Developing a simple and cost-effective tool to assess anxiety and depression in the Arabic-speaking population, predominantly residing in low- and middle-income nations where research can be arduous, would be immensely beneficial. The study aimed to translate the four-item composite Patient Health Questionnaire – 4 (PHQ-4) into Arabic and evaluate its psychometric properties, including internal reliability, sex invariance, composite reliability, and correlation with measures of psychological distress.Methods587 Arabic-speaking adults were recruited between February and March 2023. An anonymous self-administered Google Forms link was distributed via social media networks. We utilized the FACTOR software to explore the factor structure of the Arabic PHQ-4.ResultsConfirmatory factor analysis (CFA) indicated that fit of the two-factor model of the PHQ-4 scores was modest (χ2/df = .13/1 = .13, RMSEA = .001, SRMR = .002, CFI = 1.005, TLI = 1.000). Internal reliability was excellent (McDonald’s omega = .86; Cronbach’s alpha = .86). Indices suggested that configural, metric, and scalar invariance were supported across sex. No significant difference was found between males and females in terms of the PHQ-4 total scores, PHQ-4 anxiety scores, and PHQ-4 depression scores. The total score of the PHQ-4 and its depression and anxiety scores were significantly and moderately-to-strongly associated with lower wellbeing and higher Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS) total and subscales scores.ConclusionThe PHQ-4 proves to be a reliable, valid, and cost-effective tool for assessing symptoms related to depression and anxiety. To evaluate the practical effectiveness of the Arabic PHQ-4 and to further enhance the data on its construct validity, future studies should assess the measure in diverse contexts and among specific populations.

Development of a Japanese Version of the Brief Ageing Perceptions Questionnaire and Its Validity and Reliability

Background: Self-perceptions of aging are important predictors of physical and mental health, longevity, and quality of life. The Brief Ageing Perceptions Questionnaire (B-APQ) is the most promising scale of self-perceptions about aging and has been translated into many languages. This study aimed to develop a Japanese version of the B-APQ and examine its validity and reliability. Methods: A web-based survey of 1500 people aged 65 and older was conducted in Japan. Of the participants, 651 were men and 849 were women. The average age was 72.97 years. Results: No significant distributional biases were found for any items of the Japanese version of the B-APQ. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted using the same model as the previous studies. The results of CFA showed that the goodness of fit indices met the acceptability criteria. Two-tailed Pearson correlations showed significant relationships between each factor of the Japanese version of the B-APQ as well as the cognitive and physical functioning, depression, and well-being of older adults. Conclusions: The Japanese version of the B-APQ has high internal consistency and significant factorial and construct-related validity. The Japanese version of the B-APQ is expected to be used to measure the self-perceptions of aging for further study in Japan.

Chinese version of the Tendency to Avoid Physical Activity and Sport (TAPAS) scale: testing unidimensionality, measurement invariance, concurrent validity, and known-group validity among Taiwanese youths

Background and objectivesPsychosocial factors affect individuals’ desire for physical activity. A newly developed instrument (Tendency to Avoid Physical Activity and Sport; TAPAS) has been designed to assess the avoidance of physical activity. Considering cultural differences could be decisive factors, the present study aimed to translate and validate the TAPAS into Chinese (Mandarin) for Taiwanese youths, and further cultural comparisons are expected.MethodsStandard translation procedure (i.e., forward translation, back translation, and reconciliation) was used to translate the English TAPAS into the Chinese TAPAS. Following translation, 608 youths (mean [SD] age 29.10 [6.36] years; 333 [54.8%] women) participated in the study via a snowballing sampling method with an online survey. All participants completed the Chinese TAPAS and additional instruments assessing weight stigma and psychological distress. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to examine the factor structure of the Chinese TAPAS and multigroup CFA to examine measurement invariance across gender (men vs. women) and weight status (overweight vs. non-overweight). Pearson correlations were used to examine the concurrent validity; independent t-tests between gender groups and weight status groups were used to examine the known-group validity.ResultsConsistent with the English version, the Chinese TAPAS was found to have a one-factor structure evidenced by CFA results. The structure was invariant across gender and weight status groups evidenced by multigroup CFA results. Concurrent validity was supported by significant associations with the related constructs assessed (r = 0.326 to 0.676; p < 0.001). Known-group validity was supported by the significant differences in TAPAS total scores between gender and weight status groups (p = 0.004 and < 0.001; Cohen’s d = 0.24 and 0.48).ConclusionThe Chinese version of the TAPAS is a valid and reliable instrument assessing individuals’ avoidance of physical activity and sports due to underlying psychosocial issues among Taiwanese youths. It is anticipated to be applied within a large Asian population, as well as cross-cultural comparisons, for further explorations in health, behavioral and epidemiological research and practice.

Translation and Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Parental Belief Scale in Iranian Parents.

This study is done to determine the translation and psychometric properties of the Persian version of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Parental Belief Scale (NICU-PBS) in Iranian parents. The present study was conducted by the descriptive cross-sectional method. This research was conducted from January to August 2021. The population included all parents whose infants were hospitalized in NICUs of two university-affiliated hospitals (Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences and Shiraz University of Medical Sciences). Out of them, 291 subjects were selected by the purposeful sampling method. The utilized questionnaires included a demographic information form, NICU-PBS, Beck Depression Inventory, and Maternal role adaptation scale. The descriptive statistical indexes, Cronbach's alpha, intra-class correlation coefficient, and Pearson's correlation coefficient were used for data analysis. Also, to evaluate the construct validity of the NICU-PBS, we used Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). The participants included 97 fathers (33.33%) and 194 mothers (66.67%). According to the CFA results, the three-factor model NICU-PBS (confidence in the parental role, parent-child interaction, parental knowledge of the NICU) was approved in Iranian parents (χ2/df = 1.79; p < 0.001; GFI = 0.91; AGFI = 0.89; CFI = 0.91; RMSEA = 0.05). NICU-PBS with BDI-II (r = -0.42) has divergent validity, and material role adaptation (r = 0.46) has moderate and acceptable convergence validity (p < 0.01). The results of Cronbach's alpha for the total NICU-PBS were 0.85. The results demonstrated the proper and acceptable validity and reliability of NICU-PBS among Iranian parents.