The formation of a socially oriented market economy, the basis of which is resource-saving nature management, requires the formation of a modern institutional environment for water use based on an effective combination of formal and informal institutions that will directly or indirectly ensure the attraction of water resources into economic circulation. Today, there are many bottlenecks for the introduction of the basic institutions of the economic system into the institutional environment of water use, including, in particular, the institutional market, financial and economic regulation, which determine the foundations of ownership, use and disposal of water resources in the modern economy, which form the market infrastructure for the supply and write-off of water components. productive forces, determines a system of incentive and incentive measures that should contribute to the transition of the national economy to low- and water-free technologies. The idea of using effective financial instruments and mechanisms for attracting investments provides for the integrated use of the decentralization policy, the introduction of the concept of a water market (water business), determination of the real cost of water resources and institutional support of the water management complex. The formation of capital in the water sector, as well as other forms of institutional investors, is due to the need to search for sources and means of investment and innovative renewal of the material and technical base and infrastructure of the water sector. A positive aspect of such an association is the coordination of the main tasks related to the expansion of the water management business and the intensification of work to diversify the sources of financial support for the implementation of water management and water protection projects. At the same time, the role of water rent in the national economy should increase, which plays a very important role in achieving general welfare not only as a significant source of budget revenues, but also as a source of revenues for the restoration and development of aquatic ecosystems.