Resting Energy Expenditure In Women Research Articles

Weight History Correlates of Resting Energy Expenditure in Women With Bulimia Nervosa.

Among those with bulimia nervosa, weight suppression has been associated with illness severity and treatment prognosis. Although significant weight loss is known to reduce metabolic rate, the relation between weight suppression and resting energy expenditure (REE) in bulimia nervosa has not been examined. This study tested the hypothesis of an inverse relation between weight suppression and REE in a sample of women with bulimia nervosa (N = 84). In primary analyses, linear regressions were conducted between weight suppression and REE, corrected for fat-free mass. In follow-up, exploratory analyses, stepwise linear regressions were conducted to explore the main and interaction effects of weight history and weight suppression on REE. Neither traditional (TWS) nor developmental weight suppression (DWS) correlated with REE. Results from exploratory analyses, however, revealed a medium-to-large inverse relation between several weight history variables and REE (highest past weight, sr2 = 0.05; lowest postmorbid weight, sr2 = 0.07; current weight, sr2 = 0.05). Additionally, DWS interacted with current (sr2 = 0.08) and highest premorbid (sr2 = 0.05) z-BMI to influence REE with a medium-to-large effect. For individuals low in current and premorbid z-BMIs, higher DWS associated with lower REE levels. However, for individuals at higher premorbid z-BMIs, higher DWS unexpectedly associated with greater REE levels. In this sample of women with bulimia nervosa, reduced REE associated with higher weights across all timepoints. If the interaction effect between DWS and z-BMI history persists in future studies, this may indicate unique challenges faced by individuals low in z-BMI and high in DWS related to weight gain and normalization of eating.

Effects of adiposity and body composition on adjusted resting energy expenditure in women.

Fat-free mass (FFM) accounts for ~80% of the variance in resting energy expenditure (REE), and this relationship is complicated by adiposity. The objective was to compare adjusted REE and contributions of skeletal lean mass and fat mass (FM) to adjusted REE in women with varying adiposity levels using a novel approach. Women were divided into tertiles by body fat percent (%fat): Tertile 1 (T1): %fat=18.5%-28.4%; Tertile 2 (T2): %fat=28.5%-33.8%; Tertile 3 (T3): %fat=34.0%-61.0%. Outcome measures were measured and adjusted REE, body composition (skeletal lean mass, FM, %fat) from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and percent contribution of skeletal lean mass and FM to adjusted REE. The main effect for tertiles (T1 vs. T2 vs. T3) was significant (p=.001); REE was significantly higher in T3 versus both T1 by 281 kcal/day (p=.001) and T2 by 215 kcal/day (p=.001). Expenditure from skeletal lean mass in T1 was significantly higher than T3 by 3.2% (p=.001). T3 had a significantly higher FM contribution than T1 by 5.1% (p=.001) and T2 by 3.9% (p=.001). Women with elevated %fat experienced lower skeletal lean mass contribution and higher FM contribution to adjusted REE. FM may explain more of the variance in REE between women of different levels of adiposity.

P294 Resting energy expenditure in women with Crohn’s disease: A cross-sectional study

P294 Resting energy expenditure in women with Crohn’s disease: A cross-sectional study

Modifications of Activity of Autonomic Nervous System, and Resting Energy Expenditure in Women Using Hormone-Replacement Therapy

Menopause is a significant period characterized by physiological change. Hormonal changes are largely related to estrogen depletion and subsequent cessation of ovarian function. This study analyzed vegetative modulation, expressed as heart rate variability (HRV) power spectral analysis, resting energy expenditure, and body composition in women in post-menopause with and without hormone-replacement therapy (HRT). 87 Sedentary women were enrolled, 41 (age: 53-54) women with BMI of 21.6 ± 2.6 kg/m2 were on HRT and 46 (age: 52-63) with BMI of 22.4 ± 1.8 kg/m2 were not. This experiment marks aspects regarding the relationship between the autonomic nervous system and body weight in HRT and menopause.

Effects of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass on Resting Energy Expenditure in Women

Bariatric surgery is the gold standard treatment for morbid obesity, but little is known about its effects on resting energy expenditure. Twenty-one women underwent anthropometric and resting energy expenditure (REE) measurements before and 3 months after bariatric surgery using the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) technique developed by Capella. The patients experienced a significant reduction in body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). The cardiopulmonary variables oxygen uptake, carbon dioxide output, non-protein respiratory quotient, and heart rate all decreased, whereas oxygen pulse did not change significantly. Absolute REE showed a significant reduction 3 months postoperatively (2006.7 +/- 376.4 kcal/day to 1763.3 +/- 310.5 kcal/day), but no significant difference was found compared with REE relative to body weight (0.71 +/- 0.15 kcal kg(-1)h(-1) to 0.75 +/- 0.12 kcal kg(-1) h(-1)) or as percent of Harris-Benedict predicted REE (106.2 +/- 21.0% to 103.3 +/- 15.1%). In this study, bariatric surgery using the RYGBP technique (Capella) led to a significant decrease of body weight that decreased resting energy expenditure proportional to this weight loss, and to an increase in the utilization of fat as an energy substrate. It can be concluded that after 3 months, the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery may provide significant metabolic benefits to morbidly obese women.

Enhanced Rate of Resting Energy Expenditure in Women Using Hormone-Replacement Therapy: Preliminary Results

Hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) attenuates the menopause-associated alterations in body composition. It is not known, however, whether this effect is a result of a concomitant increase in energy expenditure. The authors examined whether women submitted to a long-term HRT treatment presented greater energy expenditure than women who had never used HRT. We compared 13 postmenopausal women using HRT (>1 yr) with 13 age- (+/-2 yr) and body-mass-index-matched (BMI; +/-1.5 kg/m2) postmenopausal women not using HRT. Resting energy expenditure (REE; indirect calorimetry), body composition, and daily (DEE) and physical activity (PAEE) energy expenditure (accelerometry) were obtained. Although BMI, fat mass, fat-free mass, DEE, and PAEE were similar between groups, the HRT group displayed a significantly greater REE than the no-HRT group (Delta +222 kcal/day). In conclusion, the authors observed that a long-term treatment with HRT is associated with a greater REE in postmenopausal women. These results need to be confirmed.

Reduction in Resting Energy Expenditure in Relation to Lean Tissue Loss in Obese Subjects during Prolonged Dieting

Resting energy expenditure (REE) was measured by indirect calorimetry during dieting (2.74-3.30 MJ/day) for up to 200 days in overweight patients undergoing continuous metabolic balance studies. The initial rapid reduction in REE in the first 2 weeks of dieting was related to the extent of the immediate nitrogen deficit that follows caloric restriction and was larger (p less than 0.01) in men dieting de novo than either women (NS) or 4 patients of comparable lean body mass who had dieted prior to admission (NS). Because of their smaller metabolic energy deficit on our diets, the reduction in REE in women was small and not significant. In men, the slower long-term reduction in REE (p less than 0.05) was related to a continuing loss of lean tissue with no changes in the REE/m2, REE/kg body weight and REE/mmol creatinine excreted with time. We have previously shown that total energy expenditure (estimated from the rate of fat loss as measured by the difference between body weight changes and weight changes in fluid and protein) does not change significantly during prolonged dieting. The fall in REE in parallel with lean body mass suggests that some increase in the energy expended in daily activities must have occurred.