Responsibility Of Manager Research Articles

Two decision makers’ single decision over a back order EOQ model with dense fuzzy demand rate

<p>In this article we develop an economic order quantity (EOQ) model with backlogging where the decision is made jointly from two decision maker supposed to view one of them as the industrialist (developer) and the other one as the responsible manager. The problem is handled under dense fuzzy environment. In fuzzy set theory the concept of dense fuzzy set is quite new which is depending upon the number of negotiations/ turnover made by industrial developers with the supplier of raw materials and/or the customers. Moreover, we have discussed the preliminary concept on dense fuzzy sets with their corresponding membership functions and appropriate defuzzification method. The numerical study explores that the solution under joint decision maker giving the finer optimum of the objective function. A sensitive analysis, graphical illustration and conclusion are made for justification the new approach.</p>

Two decision makers’ single decision over a back order EOQ model with dense fuzzy demand rate

<p>In this article we develop an economic order quantity (EOQ) model with backlogging where the decision is made jointly from two decision maker supposed to view one of them as the industrialist (developer) and the other one as the responsible manager. The problem is handled under dense fuzzy environment. In fuzzy set theory the concept of dense fuzzy set is quite new which is depending upon the number of negotiations/ turnover made by industrial developers with the supplier of raw materials and/or the customers. Moreover, we have discussed the preliminary concept on dense fuzzy sets with their corresponding membership functions and appropriate defuzzification method. The numerical study explores that the solution under joint decision maker giving the finer optimum of the objective function. A sensitive analysis, graphical illustration and conclusion are made for justification the new approach.</p>

Clawback Rule – The Ground of Managers Responsible. Model of Remuneration

The paper concerns the duties and responsibilities of managers using the principle of clawback. The authors proposed their own model of financial model of construction of remuneration for managers. There are in practice ethical problems concerning the level of requirements and qualifications versus salary and the level of legal and financial liability, especially against top-managers of the largest enterprises; often in a situation of extensive economic and social impact of their decisions. The problem of a manager’s responsibility has a dual nature. On the one hand the manager is charged with overall responsibility for all financial and PR losses of a company, on the other hand the manager takes moral, legal and financial responsibility for particular decisions. This article considers the financial responsibility area. The subprime financial crisis has sparked a discussion about the responsibility of top management in the context of disclosure of large bonuses paid to the senior managers and lack of consequences for bankruptcies. Very high salaries the executives were paid, were not sufficiently related to the system of contractual and administrative responsibility.

Experiences of nurse case managers within a central discharge planning role of collaboration between physicians, patients and other healthcare professionals: A sociocultural qualitative study.

To gain knowledge of nurse case managers' experiences within the German acute care context of collaboration with patients and physicians in a discharge planning role; further to learn about patients' assignment to the management of the nurse case managers; and explicitly to explore critical incidences of interactions between nurse case managers, patients and healthcare practitioner in discharge planning to understand the factor that contributes to effective collaboration. The defined role of nurse case managers in many contexts is a patient-centred responsibility for a central task of discharge management of patients with complex physical and social needs. Some studies have indicated that the general impact of the role reduces readmission rates. Given the necessity to work interprofessionally to achieve a safe discharge, little is known about how nurse case managers achieve this collaboratively. A qualitative case study within a German teaching hospital of nurse case managers (N=8). Data were collected through semi-structured interviews prompted by a critical incident technique and rigorously analysed through the lenses of sociocultural theory. Consistent object being worked upon was a safe and effective discharge from hospital with a focus on patient advocacy. Significant themes were a self-value or recognition by others of professional expertise, reciprocal value on the capabilities of others thorough relational expertise and negotiation with patients and an identification of case trajectories. More continuity of nurse case managers' care and management, clarity of role and transparency to peers, physicians and other professionals would be beneficial in ensuring appropriate referral of complex patients to nurse case managers responsibility. Clearer role description and benefit realisation of the nurse case managers could be achieved by interventions that are interprofessional and focus on the tasks that matter from a collaborative perspective. This could lead to refinement of available indicators and policy developments.

Assessment of Single European Sky Implementation in the Functional Airspace Block Central Europe

Implementation of Air Traffic Management (ATM) MasterPlan-defined projects represents a prerequisite for thesuccessful implementation of the Single European Sky initiativedefined by the European Commission in 2004. Theimplementation of ATM-related projects is currently under the responsibility of the Single European Sky Research Programme Deployment Manager. While the definition of projects is being performed at the European Network level, theimplementation is performed through sub-regional grouping of Air Navigation Service Providers in a form of Functional Airspace Blocks. This paper analyses the level of implementation of ATM-related projects in the Functional Airspace Block Central Europe and their relation to other Functional Airspace Blocks defined in Europe. From this paper it is obvious that even though the planning of Single European Sky projects is based on the collaborative implementation of Functional Airspace Block level, the real implementation is fragmented and based on national levels.

PELAKSANAAN MANAJEMEN KEPALA PERPUSTAKAAN DALAM MENUNJANG KEBERHASILAN PELAYANAN INFORMASI DI DINAS PERPUSTAKAAN DAN ARSIP DAERAH KOTA JAMBI

This writing aims to express the library manager responsibility as lead in library management through principles of library management. As we know that the information services process at Dinas Perpustakaan dan Arsip Daerah Kota Jambi faced some problems. The problems iclude information technology facilities ; incomplete information retrieval media ; the human resources which less be professional, and fund limitation. The problems are coused by the library manager doesn’t has librarianship knowledge and library management ; the library development program that didn’t has data to develop library in the next time ; the social relation among bad librarian. The problems can be solved by efforts through conduct the professional organizational coorporation ; support librarians to partcipate erudite activity ; increas fund ; evaluate the program which is not advantage ; use information technology facilities ; make information retrieval media not only manual but also automatic.

Understanding investors’ propensity to litigate

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine investors’ propensity to litigate when harmful events occur subsequent to accounting choices. Consistent with Culpable Control Theory, the authors find that investors are more likely to pursue litigation against management when managers are perceived to have more financial reporting flexibility, such as when they apply imprecise, principles-based accounting guidance. Investors are more likely to pursue litigation when they find management more responsible for harmful events, and they find management more responsible for those events when they perceive management to have more reporting flexibility. To provide additional insight, the authors investigate how the relationship between reporting flexibility and assessed manager responsibility is mediated by investors’ perceptions of management’s self-interested behavior. The authors consider monetary and non-monetary motivations for litigation against management such as recouping financial losses and punishing management. The results suggest that recouping financial losses is not the sole motivation for litigation. The authors provide evidence that punishing management is an important non-monetary component of the litigation decision. The results contribute to the limited literature on investor litigation decisions and inform the debate surrounding the potential effects of more principles-based accounting standards.Design/methodology/approachThe authors test the hypotheses using an experiment with a 2×1 between-subjects design in which the authors manipulate reporting flexibility at two levels by varying the precision of accounting guidance and measure all other variables of interest. Participants are 82 part-time executive MBA program students at a major public university in the USA. Most participants work full-time (94 percent), own or have owned stocks either directly or through retirement plans (84 percent), indicate general investment knowledge (97 percent), and report high levels of familiarity with corporate financial statements, including balance sheets and income statements (92 percent). Thus, the authors conclude that these executive MBA students are reasonable surrogates for investors.FindingsConsistent with the predictions, perceived management reporting flexibility affects investors’ propensity to pursue litigation against management. The authors find that the assignment of responsibility to management for harmful events such as investor losses, employee job losses, and economic losses suffered by a community mediates the relationship between reporting flexibility and investors’ intention to litigate. The authors also find that the relationship between reporting flexibility and assignment of responsibility to management for harmful events is not direct but instead works through the effect of reporting flexibility on perceived management self-interested behavior. As predicted, assessed management responsibility for the harmful event is positively related to investors’ propensity to litigate against management, and this relation is only partially mediated by investors’ perceptions that the litigation will be successful. This result suggests that the litigation decision is driven at least in part by corporate governance goals such as the desire for retribution or punishment of management. The second experiment provides additional support for the theory that the desire to punish management is an important component of investors’ litigation decisions.Research limitations/implicationsThe research makes important contributions to the literature on investor litigation and to the ongoing debate regarding principles- vs rules-based accounting standards. While some archival research addresses the conditions under which securities litigation occurs, little empirical research has directly addressed the investor decision to litigate. The paper provides additional evidence to address the question of why investors litigate. By doing so, the authors add to the debate on the desirability of shifting from more rules-based to more principles-based accounting standards.Practical implicationsThe theory tested in this study could be used to design mechanisms to mitigate the differential propensity for investors to litigate under differing accounting regimes. As standard setters discuss a move to more principles-based standards in the USA, some observers have expressed concern that investor litigation will increase. The theory suggests that if the standard-setting body can control perceptions of management reporting flexibility such that investors believe principles-based standards provide no more flexibility than rules-based standards, they can limit an increase in the amount of investor litigation.Originality/valueThe authors contribute to theory by providing evidence regarding why investors desire to pursue litigation against management. The authors find that the assignment of responsibility to management for harmful events mediates the relationship between reporting flexibility and investors’ intention to litigate. The authors also find that the relationship between reporting flexibility and assignment of responsibility to management for harmful events is not direct but instead works through the effect of reporting flexibility on perceived management self-interested behavior. Furthermore, assessed management responsibility for the harmful event is positively related to investors’ propensity to litigate against management, and this relation is only partially mediated by investors’ perceptions that the litigation will be successful. Those findings provide theoretical contributions to the literature.

The Use of Operational Excellence Principles in a University Hospital.

The introduction of Operational Excellence in the Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+) has been the first of its kind and scale for a university hospital. The policy makers of the MUMC+ have combined different elements from various other business, management, and healthcare philosophies and frameworks into a unique mix. This paper summarizes the journey of developing this system and its most important aspects. Special attention is paid to the role of the operating rooms and the improvements that have taken place there, because of their central role in the working of the hospital. The MUMC+ is the leading tertiary healthcare center for the South-East region of The Netherlands and beyond. Regional, national, and international developments encouraged the MUMC+ to start significantly reorganizing its care processes from 2009 onward. First experiments with Lean Six Sigma and Business Modeling were combined with lessons learned from other centers around the world to form the MUMC+’s own type of Operational Excellence. At the time of writing, many improvement projects of different types have been successfully completed. Every single department in the hospital now uses Operational Excellence and design thinking in general as a method to develop new models of care. An evaluation in 2014 revealed several opportunities for improvement. A large number of projects were in progress, but 75% of all projects had not been completed, despite the first projects being initiated back in 2012. This led to a number of policy changes, mainly focusing on more intensive monitoring of projects and trying to do more improvement projects directly under the responsibility of the line manager. Focusing on patient value, continuous improvement, and the reduction of waste have proven to be very fitting principles for healthcare in general and specifically for application in a university hospital. Approaching improvement at a systems level while directly involving the people on the work floor in observing opportunities for improvement and realizing these has shown itself to be essential.

Practice and effect evaluation of the combined education on the professional degree of clinical medicine and standardized training of resident doctors

Combined is a new training mode which combines the education of profes-sional degree of clinical medicine graduate and the resident standardization Xiangya hospital of Central South University has tried this kind of training mode since 2012. We draw lessons from the advanced training concept in America in combination with the practical situation of our hospital and have established the Xiangya-Yale model of resident standardization training featuring with the Six Xiangya goals which are ethics, professional skills, patient safety, medical ethics, teamwork spirit, innovation and self-improvement, highlighting the project manager responsibility system, 360 degree examination and assess-ment, assessment of the OSCE, Mini-CEX evaluation. Through comparing and analyzing the midterm examination scores between the combined group and non-combined group, we have found that the combined group is significantly superior to non-combined group on clinical skills. In addition, the questionnaire survey results show that most graduate students have positive attitude to combined training. They believe it will be helpful for them to improve the ability of clinical skills, med-ical practice, doctor-patient communication skills and theoretical knowledge, and contributes to the future career development. Combined is one major initiative deepening the reform of medical health system and medical education which greatly promotes the development of our country health enterprise, although there still exist some flaws including training teachers, content, implementation, management and evaluation. Key words: Clinical medicine degree; Standardized training of residents; Combined training

The impact of cultural intelligence in an international company – 2st level survey

Different cultures – different language – different names – different behaviors. In literature, different cultures are mostly described between continents and borders. International companies reach their limits in implementing new top down strategy to all subsidiaries across the planet. Different work methods in different areas and even in different departments can frustrate the responsible international manager. Cultural intelligence can help to minimize the storming time and loss of efficiency of new international teams. Good trained managers (on Cultural Intelligence) do at least speak a view words of the language of the new colleagues and pronounce the names of the team members in the right way. In the first part of the paper it was examined how biased people can be if they hear foreign names. Names even can decide on if someone gets a job or not. The 2nd part of the survey carried on the examination of the cultural differences within a company. The 1st part was done with respondents from different companies. It is interesting to know, especially for the managers, how the employees feel and think. How they work and how they prefer to communicate. The 2nd part describes the 1st survey, consists of a sequence of four steps which will be performed within the group. In total 28 companies are parts of the group on three continents (Europe, Asia and America).

Investigation of the revenue management practices of accommodation establishments in Turkey: An exploratory study

This exploratory research paper investigates the revenue management practices of accommodation establishments in Turkey through a survey of 105 managers. The findings indicate that hoteliers put the emphasis on price discrimination and room availability guarantee and are less likely to consider overcontracting and overbooking. Most respondents do not have a revenue manager and do not intend to hire one: revenue management is usually within the responsibilities of the general manager, front office manager or the marketing manager. Online travel agencies, hotel's website, tour operators and travel agents are the most important distribution channels. The size of the property, its category, location and chain affiliation have significant impact on the degree of application of the various revenue management practices. Revenue management is mostly adopted by high category, chain affiliated, urban and seaside hotels with large number of rooms. Managerial implications, limitations and future research directions are discussed as well.

Telephone Care Management of Fall Risk:: A Feasibility Study

Care management has been found to be more effective than usual care for some chronic conditions, but few studies have tested care management for prevention of elder falls. This study aimed to assess the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of telephone care management of older adults presenting for medical attention due to a fall. The setting was an independent practice association in western Washington serving 1,300 Medicare Advantage-insured patients. Patients aged ≥65 years treated for a fall in an emergency department or their primary care provider's office were contacted via telephone by a care manager within 48 hours of their fall-related visit and invited to participate in a telephone-administered interview to identify modifiable fall risk factors and receive recommendations and follow-up to address identified risk factors. Data from care manager records, patient medical records, and healthcare claims for the first 6 months (November 2009-April 2010) of program implementation were analyzed in 2011. The feasibility of screening and management of fall risk factors over the telephone and the effect on medically attended falls were assessed. Twenty-two patients eligible for fall care management were reached and administered the protocol. Administration took 15-20 minutes and integrated easily with the care manager's other responsibilities. Follow-through on recommendations varied, from 45% for those for whom exercise participation was recommended to 100% for other recommendations. No medically attended falls occurred over 6 months of follow-up. Telephone care management of fall risk appears feasible and may reduce falls requiring medical attention.

경영자의 사회적책임과 노사관계태도가 직무수행에 미치는 영향

기업은 현재의 위기와 미래의 불확실성에 대한 대비와 경쟁력 강화를 위해 부단한 노력을 하며, 때로는 기술혁신과 우수한 인재의 확보는 물론 지속적인 혁신을 통한 기업의 경쟁력 강화에 혼신의 노력을 경주한다. 하지만 기업이 이렇게 부단한 노력을 하더라도 기업 내부적 자원간의 원활한 소통과 노력이 뒷받침되지 않으면 기업의 지속성장은 장담할 수 없을 것이다. 특히 영향을 미치는 요인 중 노사관계의 원활한 협조체제를 위해서는 경영자의 사회적 책임과 노사관계태도가 중요한 요인으로 대두되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 A기업을 대상으로 하여 경영자의 사회적 책임, 노사관계태도와 직무수행간의 영향관계를 실증적으로 분석하였다. 연구결과 경영자의 사회적 책임은 직무만족과 직무몰입에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 아울러 경영자의 노사관계태도도 직무만족, 직무몰입에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 직무만족은 직무몰입에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 향후 기업의 경영자의 노동자 간의 새로운 노사관계 정립을 위한 실제적 활용자료로서 참고가 될 수 있을 것이다. The company strives constantly to prepare for the current crisis and uncertainty of the future and to strengthen its competitiveness. At times, it strives to strengthen its competitiveness through continuous innovation, as well as securing technological innovation and talented personnel. However, even if the company makes such a hard effort, the sustainable growth of the enterprise will not be guaranteed unless smooth communication and efforts among the internal resources are supported. The social responsibility of management and the attitude of labor-management relations are important factors for the smooth coordination of labor-management relations. Therefore, this study empirically analyzed the relationship between manager 's social responsibility, labor relations attitude and job performance. The results of this study showed that the social responsibility of managers affects job satisfaction and job commitment. In addition, managers' attitudes toward labor relations have an effect on job satisfaction and job commitment. Also, job satisfaction has a positive effect on job commitment. The result of this study can be used as a practical application data for establishing new labor - management relations among the managers of the enterprise in the future.

Effect of project managers' skills on construction project delivery

Managers' skills are important requirement in managing construction projects, and as an effective manager, it is the vital responsibility of the project manager to ascertain that work efforts of other participants are guided toward the accomplishment of organisational objectives. The main aim of this study was to assess project managers' skills with a view to determining their effects on performance of construction projects. Data were collected with the aid of questionnaire administered on construction professionals. The results revealed communication, organisational and budgeting skills as the top three skills exhibited by project managers in project management (PM). Furthermore, architects and builders were revealed to exhibit most of the top three skills identified. The study therefore suggested Architects and Builders as the best professionals to carry out project manager's duties on construction projects in the absence of a trained personnel. The study also revealed a poor level of concordance between the PM skills exhibited by the four professionals considered. Finally, project managers' skills were revealed to have a significant effect on time, team and cost performance of construction projects.

Effect of project managers' skills on construction project delivery

Managers' skills are important requirement in managing construction projects, and as an effective manager, it is the vital responsibility of the project manager to ascertain that work efforts of other participants are guided toward the accomplishment of organisational objectives. The main aim of this study was to assess project managers' skills with a view to determining their effects on performance of construction projects. Data were collected with the aid of questionnaire administered on construction professionals. The results revealed communication, organisational and budgeting skills as the top three skills exhibited by project managers in project management (PM). Furthermore, architects and builders were revealed to exhibit most of the top three skills identified. The study therefore suggested Architects and Builders as the best professionals to carry out project manager's duties on construction projects in the absence of a trained personnel. The study also revealed a poor level of concordance between the PM skills exhibited by the four professionals considered. Finally, project managers' skills were revealed to have a significant effect on time, team and cost performance of construction projects.

Limited Communication and Responsibility Budgeting

We consider an agency model with three-tier hierarchy, in which the principal cannot observe the manager's and the worker's task environments. Communication is limited in that only the manager can report to the principal about the task environments. The principal decides whether or not to give the manager responsibility for project budgeting. Under responsibility budgeting, the manager receives all of the resources for the project tasks and shares those resources with the worker. Although the manager in such an arrangement has more direct sources of information rent, his rent-seeking incentive becomes weaker. This trade-off determines whether or not larger responsibility for budgeting is optimal.

Examining the school administrators’ servant leadership behaviors according to teachers perception<p>Öğretmen görüşlerine göre okul yöneticilerinin hizmetkâr liderlik davranışlarının incelenmesi

The concept of servant leadership, which was initiated by Greenleaf, has been developed by other people and reached to today. The concept of servant leadership, which emphasizes the mentality of service, seems to be applicable in educational organizations. In this study, it was examined whether the school administrators had the servant leadership behaviors and the teacher opinions had significant differences in terms of some variables according to the opinions of the teachers. The population of the study consists from primary and secondary school teachers in Sinop province center. There are 426 teachers in the research universe. Of these, 302 teachers participated in the survey by random sampling. In this research, likert type instrument which was developed by Van Dierendonck and Nuijten (2011) and consisted of 26 sub-items and 7 dimensions, which was translated and adapted by Duyan (2012), was used. According to research findings; Teachers view supervisor's servant leadership behaviors partially adequate in some dimensions (accountability and responsible management), while the majority of sub-dimensions (empowerment, restraint, forgiveness, courage and humility) were viewed as insufficient. According to the results of the research, teachers view school administrators as a responsible and accountable manager rather than a servant leader. These results alsoare compatible with some previous research results conducted in Turkey. Based on the results of the research, Based on the results of the study, It is recommended that the school administrators organize educational activities in order to gain servant leadership behaviors. ÖzetGreenleaf tarafından ortaya atılan hizmetkâr liderlik kavramı, başka kişiler tarafından da geliştirilerek günümüze kadar ulaşmıştır. Hizmet etme anlayışını öne çıkaran hizmetkâr liderlik kavramı, eğitim örgütleri içinde uygun düşmektedir. Bu çalışmada öğretmen görüşlerine göre, okul yöneticilerinin hangi düzeyde hizmetkâr liderlik davranışlarına sahip olduğu ve öğretmen görüşlerinin bazı değişkenler açısından farklılık gösterip göstermediği incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın evreni, Sinop il merkezinde görev yapan öğretmenlerdir. Araştırma evreninde 426 öğretmen bulunmaktadır. Bunlardan tesadüfi örnekleme yoluyla seçilen 302 öğretmen araştırmaya katılmışlardır. Araştırmada, Van Dierendonck ve Nuijten (2011) tarafından geliştirilen ve Duyan (2012) tarafından Türkçeye uyarlanan, 26 madde ve 7 alt boyuttan oluşan likert türü ölçme aracı kullanılmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre, öğretmenler yöneticilerinin hizmetkâr liderlik davranışlarını “güçlendirme, geri durma, affetme, cesaretlendirme ve tevazu” alt boyutlarda yeterli düzeyde görmezken; “hesap verebilirlik ve sorumlu yöneticilik” alt boyutlarında kısmen yeterli görmüşlerdir. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre; öğretmenler, okul yöneticilerini hesap verebilirlik ve sorumlu yöneticilik boyutlarında yeterli görmüşlerdir. Diğer boyutlarda kısmen yeterli görmektedirler. Bu sonuçlar, Türkiye’de yapılmış bazı araştırma sonuçlarıyla da örtüşmektedir. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına dayalı olarak, okul yöneticilerinin hizmetkâr liderlik davranışlarını kazanmaları yönünde eğitim etkinlikleri düzenlemesi önerilmektedir.

Diseconomies of Scope and Mutual Fund Performance

We examine the changes in performance of mutual fund managers that result from changes in the scope of their duties. While confirming that the scope of manager responsibilities is expanded in response to positive past performance, we demonstrate that this expanded scope attenuates subsequent performance after controlling for effects related to fund size. Conversely, reductions in scope enhance performance. Our results suggest a significant diseconomy of scope exists with respect to performance similar to the diseconomies of scale previously highlighted and that, together, these two effects may explain the observed attenuation over time in abnormal relative mutual fund returns.

Charge Nurses' Experiences With Horizontal Violence: Implications for Leadership Development

A safe work environment is a prerequisite for the provision of high-quality patient care. Horizontal violence can undermine the culture of safety and the well-being of the nurses in the work unit. Charge nurses, whose role encompasses both staff and manager responsibilities, play an important role in team building and care delivery. Yet, little is known about their experience with horizontal violence. A lack of adequate leadership education and role delineation may predispose charge nurses to horizontal violence. A descriptive study was conducted to describe the incidence of horizontal violence of charge nurses. The Horizontal Violence Scale was used to collect data from a convenience sample of 366 charge nurses. Charge nurses reported experiencing horizontal violence with some regularity. Nurse leaders must critically evaluate the work culture and provide appropriate education and support to charge nurses to combat horizontal violence. J Contin Educ Nurs. 2016;47(11):493-499.

Improve manager competency with experiential learning.

Improve manager competency with experiential learning.