Responsibility Of Media Research Articles

The Accuracy, Balance and Verification of News, in Independent Press, During the Electoral Campaign 2009 in Albania

The narrative of news should relay in some important elements such as accuracy, the right attribution, equilibration and verification. All of these elements are main components of Ethical Media Code of Albania. This code is at the same time the professional guide of journalists. Hence, the research question of this paper is; does the printed press reflect the electoral campaign based on the responsibilities it has in order to inform the audience? Does the printed press transmit accurate, balanced and verifiable news? Today with the development of technology, the number of people who can release news has increased. Everybody without the urgent need of being journalist has the opportunity to public information that generally is considerate as news. Therefore, such a development as far as having positive influence can have its negative effect. The open internet space for everyone increases the number of events that become news without any verification standard that is required in the Ethical Code. During these circumstances, to analyze the role of professional journalist becomes more important. A professional journalist should always be well informed and aware that his job is totally related with ethical components of writing news such as: verification, accuracy and balance. This paper is based on Ethical Code and on the theory of Social Responsibility of Media. This theory explains that people has the right to do their own choices, therefore media has the obligation to present them all the needed information so they can select what they want and what they need. Thanks to this selection, electorate can make rational choices and become more knowledgeable. These two theories show the proper way the news should be released in the press and should reflect the electoral campaign events. The hypotheses of this study which will be verified after analyze is; the content of news of the independent print media during the coverage of electoral campaign produce and reproduce inaccurate, unbalanced news which are difficult to verify. The methodology used is content analyses, which serves as a proper methodology in social sciences to understand the content of communication.

The Accuracy, Balance and Verification of News, in Independent Press, During the Electoral Campaign 2009 in Albania

The narrative of news should relay in some important elements such as accuracy, the right attribution, equilibration and verification. All of these elements are main components of Ethical Media Code of Albania. This code is at the same time the professional guide of journalists. Hence, the research question of this paper is; does the printed press reflect the electoral campaign based on the responsibilities it has in order to inform the audience? Does the printed press transmit accurate, balanced and verifiable news? Today with the development of technology, the number of people who can release news has increased. Everybody without the urgent need of being journalist has the opportunity to public information that generally is considerate as news. Therefore, such a development as far as having positive influence can have its negative effect. The open internet space for everyone increases the number of events that become news without any verification standard that is required in the Ethical Code. During these circumstances, to analyze the role of professional journalist becomes more important. A professional journalist should always be well informed and aware that his job is totally related with ethical components of writing news such as: verification, accuracy and balance. This paper is based on Ethical Code and on the theory of Social Responsibility of Media. This theory explains that people has the right to do their own choices, therefore media has the obligation to present them all the needed information so they can select what they want and what they need. Thanks to this selection, electorate can make rational choices and become more knowledgeable. These two theories show the proper way the news should be released in the press and should reflect the electoral campaign events. The hypotheses of this study which will be verified after analyze is; the content of news of the independent print media during the coverage of electoral campaign produce and reproduce inaccurate, unbalanced news which are difficult to verify. The methodology used is content analyses, which serves as a proper methodology in social sciences to understand the content of communication.

Marisol Sandoval, From Corporate to Social Media: Critical Perspectives on Corporate Social Responsibility in Media and Communication Industries

Marisol Sandoval, <i>From Corporate to Social Media: Critical Perspectives on Corporate Social Responsibility in Media and Communication Industries</i>

Research Paper on Media Responsibility in Nation Development

The media, with specific reference to the collective entity of newspapers, radio, television and the International Network (Internet), play a very important role in development. It involves changes or advancement in a nation aimed at improving the political, economic and social lives of the people. The real influence of the media in development will depend on the media themselves, the societies in which they operate, and the audience they reach. None of these factors are the same everywhere, at all times, or under all conditions. The media in dictatorships, for example, media is not likely to exercise the same influence as it has to work in social development and do media complete its responsibility in nation development. This paper focuses on the role of media in nation development. The paper mentioned the role of media in development of society is depend upon their independence, freedom, and the ability to effectively communicate objective, balanced, fair and professional information to both government and the general public. There is no doubt that the topic is very wide, therefore analysis will be limited to conventional media: newspapers, radio, television and the Internet. The paper involves a comparative analysis of media contents, methods or styles of presentation, and the environment in which the media operate.

Corporate environmental responsibility (CER) weakness, media coverage, and corporate philanthropy: Evidence from China

This study investigates the hidden connection between corporate philanthropy and corporate environmental responsibility (CER) weakness. Using a sample of Chinese listed firms in polluting industries and hand-collected data on corporate environmental performance and corporate philanthropy, we show that CER weakness is significantly positively associated with corporate philanthropy, suggesting that corporate philanthropy may be used by environmentally unfriendly firms to mitigate the negative influence of CER weakness and offset pressures from stakeholders. This finding also implies that Chinese enterprises in polluting industries are inclined to engage in greenwashing via the conduit of corporate philanthropy. In addition, media coverage reinforces the positive association between CER weakness and corporate philanthropy. Above results are still valid after controlling for the potential endogeneity between CER weakness and corporate philanthropy.

Criminal or forensic investigations in Sri Lanka and the media responsibility: the need for substantive media law and enforceable media ethics in Sri Lanka

This paper seeks to discuss the involvement of media in the criminal or forensic investigation process in Sri Lanka and its possible adverse consequences. Further, this paper attempts to build an argument to establish and propagate media legislation in Sri Lanka especially in reference to crime investigations while emphasising the need for media professionalism, training and enforceable set of media ethics for media personnel and units. The author upholds media freedom. Author reiterates media independence and pluralism in media. However, the right to express is not by any means above the rule of law or right to privacy. The media law and media ethics in Sri Lanka especially in reference to crime investigations is in its infancy and require a rapid growth immediately to safe guard the rights of victims, suspects and to promote the rule of law. Sri Lanka Journal of Forensic Medicine, Science & Law Vol.6(1): 25-28 (2015)

English

Media censorship is a global phenomenon that has foreshadowed information outlets for centuries. A common ground for censorship is maintenance of an orderly state, whereas, the underlying motive is to keep public ignorant of the information that can potentially threaten authorities. The worldwide Internet connectivity in the contemporary era allows information to pass through within and beyond borders in minimal time; therefore, increasing number of media consumers depend on the Internet for a wide variety of information. Historically, the access to news has not been this easy; the press in most of Europe in the 18th century was under the draconian reins of censorship, which gradually abated by the 19th century due to public demand. However, autocratic and heavily centralized governments still openly or subtly employ censorship as a tool to silence government opposition. To combat information coup, tech savvy journalists and independent reporters channel information through social media, blogs, and news websites. The governments survive by using stringent Internet surveillance apparatus that effectively block websites and subtly filter information; hence only selective news is allowed to penetrate the firewall. The governments also hunt down citizens and journalists accessing disallowed websites to create a ubiquitous atmosphere of fear, harassment, and persecution. The role of media in a society is not limited to bringing information to public; therefore, it is crucial that media does not capitalize on selling meaningless sensation that can potentially harm people, sects, races, and religions. This paper will focus on information coup through media censorship and the responsibility media is laden with to cultivate tolerance and responsibility in the public at large. Key words: First amendment, free media, internet surveillance, self-censorship.

Sustainable Consumption and the Attitude-Behaviour-Gap Phenomenon - Causes and Measurements towards a Sustainable Development

The phenomenon of the deviation between purchase attitudes and actual buying behaviour of responsible consumers is called the attitude-behaviour gap. It is influenced by individual, social and situational factors. The main purchasing barriers for sustainable (organic) food are price, lack of immediate availability, sensory criteria, lack or overload of information as well as the low-involvement feature of food products in conjunction with well-established consumption routines, lack of transparency and trust towards labels and certifications. The last three barriers are mainly of a psychological nature. Especially the low-involvement feature of food products due to daily purchase routines and relatively low prices tends to result in fast, automatic and subconscious decisions based on a so-called human mental system 1, derived from Daniel Kahneman’s ( Nobel-Prize laureate in Behavioural Economics) model in behavioural psychology. In contrast, the human mental system 2 is especially important for the transformations of individual behaviour towards a more sustainable consumption. Decisions based on the human mental system 2 are slow, logical, rational, conscious and arduous. This so-called dual action model also influences the reliability of responses in consumer surveys. It seems that the consumer behaviour is the most unstable and unpredictable part of the entire supply chain and requires special attention. Concrete measures to influence consumer behaviour towards sustainable consumption are highly complex. Reviews of interdisciplinary research literature on behavioural psychology, behavioural economics and consumer behaviour and an empirical analysis of selected countries worldwide with a view to sustainable food are presented. The example of Denmark serves as a ‘best practice’ case study to illustrate how sustainable food consumption can be encouraged. It demonstrates that common efforts and a shared responsibility of consumers, business, interdisciplinary researchers, mass media and policy are needed. It takes pioneers of change who succeed in assembling a ‘critical mass’ willing to increase its ‘sustainable’ behaviour. Considering the strong psychological barriers of consumers and the continuing low market share of organic food, proactive policy measures would be conducive to foster the personal responsibility of the consumers and offer incentives towards a sustainable production. Also, further self-obligations of companies (Corporate Social Responsibility – CSR) as well as more transparency and simplification of reliable labels and certifications are needed to encourage the process towards a sustainable development. Normal 0 21 false false false DE X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:Table Normal; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:8.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:107%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:Calibri,sans-serif; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-language:EN-US;} Normal 0 21 false false false DE X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:Table Normal; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:8.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:107%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:Calibri,sans-serif; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}

Measurement of readability of developed and standardized ebooklet on dairy farming

Responsibility and intervention of media in rural transformation is becoming more imperative and challenging. Undoubtedly contribution of media in dairy farming is noteworthy but relatively little efforts have been made to disseminate the scientific know how amongst the lives. The study was conducted with 30 literate women in Hanumangarh and Sriganganagar Districts of Rajasthan. The findings of the study shows that the fog index value for e-booklet was 6.612, which shows high readability, majority of the respondents (76.67%) read the e-booklet fluently, mean weighted score for e-booklet was 2.45, total 5 words in e-booklet were considered as difficult to read, majority of the respondents (80%) reported that the e-booklet was easy to read, mean score obtained by the respondents for readability of e-booklet was 7.6 out of 8 score range, majority of the respondents (70%) obtained readability score 'Above mean score'.

La responsabilidad de la televisión mexicana en la erradicación de la violencia de género contra las mujeres y las niñas: apuntes de una investigación diagnóstica

Este artículo forma parte de la investigación feminista "La influencia de los medios de comunicación en la representación social de la violencia contra las mujeres y las niñas", y tiene el objetivo de compartir una serie de resultados, análisis y reflexiones preliminares derivadas del análisis de contenido de la programación de los principales canales de televisión abierta en el país, que apuntan a la responsabilidad de esta industria en la erradicación de este problema.

Development of Media Policies and Reforms during In Pakistan With Reference To the Democratic and Dictatorship Regime

This article studies the comparison between democratic and dictatorship regime in Pakistan, primarily focusing on creation of media policies and laws. It is said that development of any society is dependent on number of factors and progressive areas in which media definitely has a vital role. The progressive role of mass media in any society doesn’t only educate and inform the general public but also helps in the formulation of national identity. For the developing countries like Pakistan the role of media especially becomes crucial when it has to fulfil the requirements of watchdog and simultaneously promotes the national interest and builds positive image of society all around the world. This responsibility of media becomes further difficult when the society of like Pakistan, has different, several powerful and influential people that can distort, manipulate and biased the opinions of mass media to favor their own good.The article also studies about the opportunities that were present for the media industry and how the new laws and regulations have welcomed the investments with arms wide open. This article, in detail, studies the role of mass media and its growth in democratic and dictatorship regime. Although the general public opinion of the state is always in the favor of the democracy, yet it is quite astonished to know that media’s success was noticeably documented rather in military eras and to be more specific in General Pervez Musharraf’s era. This advancement of mass media result in freedom of speech which lately became a trouble for Retired General himself. Political pressure on media is an unavoidable factor in Pakistan that is mostly done indirectly. One handy tactic frequently used by the government is to cut off ‘unfriendly’ media from governmental advertising. Also with the use of strict laws the government has also directly banned or officially silenced popular television channels. The Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority (PEMRA) that has been initially created for the support and flourishing of the mass media industry, has also been used by the influential and dominating players,a number of times to quiet the broadcast media by either suspending licenses or by simply threatening to do so. In addition to this, media has also been exposed to propaganda from state agencies, pressured by powerful political elements and even non-state actors that are either effected or involved in the conflicts. However, keeping in mind these number of distortions, it is also being said that in spite of political pressure and direct bans, to a larger extent, the media still enjoys freedom of expression and freedom of speechand plays a phenomenal role that was the need of the hour in certain circumstances.

From corporate to social media: critical perspectives on corporate social responsibility in media and communication industries

The corporate and the are crucial themes of our times. In the first decade of the twenty-first century, both individual lives and society were shaped by capitalist crisis and the rise of media. But what marks the distinctively character of social media? And how does it relate to the wider and economic context of contemporary capitalism? The concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is based on the idea that a socially responsible capitalism is possible; this suggests that capitalist media corporations can not only enable interaction and cooperation but also be socially responsible. This book provides a critical and provocative perspective on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in media and communication industries. It examines both the academic discourse on CSR and actual corporate practices in the media sector, offering a double critique that reveals contradictions between corporate interests and responsibilities. Marisol Sandovals political economic analysis of Apple, AT&T, Google, HP, Microsoft, News Corp, The Walt Disney Company and Vivendi shows that media and communication in the twenty-first century are confronted with fundamental responsibility challenges. From software patents and intellectual property rights to privacy on the Internet, from working conditions in electronics manufacturing to hidden flows of eWaste this book encourages the reader to explore the multifaceted (ir)responsibilities that shape commercial media landscapes today. It makes a compelling argument for thinking beyond the corporate in order to envision and bring about truly media. It will interest students and scholars of media studies, cultural industry studies, sociology, information society studies, organization studies, political economy, business and management.

In Terms of Personal and Social Responsibility Media and Ethics

Moral values of society the media as whole and individual rules are vital for individuals and the personal assets of the mutual position of the mass media, and media relations and conflicts related to the size of the taste society include studies. Mainly in the context of media ethics, media, publications, the company whether as a result of overlap with ethics, social values and points of conflict emerged in this format, whether caused by of problems in the media or society, who do not fulfill the responsibilities of topics. Ethical behavior feels itself responsible for every sphere of the human behaviors. Even the professions have a mission within society. Those professions are only legitimate to the degree and in the place that they are beneficial for society. When society has been damaged, borders are surpassed; society acquires the right and duty of self-defense. The profession of media is also included within this general rule. This study scrutinizes on the ethics of profession and the relationship between media and ethics after defining the concept of morality. Furthermore, it emphasizes the significance of the invention of the ethical codes around the concept of freedom of press while giving the ethical principles for media

Crisis, Credibility, and the Press

This paper develops a model of press-priming in which public evaluations of press performance are examined in the context of media scandals where news organizations through their own ethical lapses become the subject and conduit of priming effects. We argue that judgments about the press during a crisis depend on the activation of standing attitudes toward press freedom and media responsibility, which come into play with close attention to ongoing developments. Our model is tested with original survey data collected around two salient press scandals in Britain, one involving the now-defunct News of the World tabloid, the other the storied British Broadcasting Corporation. Support for the model is found. In the aftermath of a press crisis, attitudes toward press freedom and media responsibility are situationally activated by the unique attributes of each scandal, and these attitudes shape evaluations of credibility and support for regulation. Implications for improved understanding of the news evaluation process are discussed.

Why Do Young Males Attack Schools? Seven Discipline Leaders Share Their Perspectives

Mass shootings in public places such as political rallies in Arizona, movie theaters in Colorado, and grade schools in Connecticut and Norway are some of the most horrifying events we face in the 21st century. The time has come for us to research, understand, and communicate the causes for perpetrators who wreak such havoc on unsuspecting, unprepared, innocent people. The time has come for a peer-reviewed scientific journal to do everything possible to explore the contributing factors of such violent acts in order to mitigate or prevent them in the future. To this end, Violence and Gender has assembled a multidisciplinary panel of experts to look at the basic information regarding shooters--generally white males between fifteen and thirty years of age--from a wide range of scientific and behavioral perspectives as a foundation for understanding "why." Language: en

Constructing Legitimacy in Online Corporate Social Responsibility Communication

Drawing upon legitimacy theory, this paper explores the processual and interdiscursive nature of legitimacy construction in a corporate social responsibility (CSR) and social media context. The pap...

Studies on the Restricting of the external environment for the development of TCM

This paper analyzes the external environment which restricts the development of Traditional Chinese Medicine. It proposed that changes in education policy be made, social responsibility of culture media be strengthened, the understanding of scientific standards be enhanced to improve the external environment for the development of Traditional Chinese Medicine.

Defining the Role Engagement of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) in Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) discourse, academic research, public policy and media commentaries, which have burgeoned in the past few decades in response to the desire to define the nexus between business and society tended to focus mainly on large corporate organizations which are expected to behave responsibly. The big businesses have for years attracted large volume of literature on CSR. Very little literature is currently available to enhance our understanding about the engagement of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in CSR. The SMEs, often defined variously, in terms of turnover, gross asset value, ownership structure and the number of employees, is a significant sector worldwide in terms of economic, environmental and the social impact they make. This paper attempted to bridge this apparent research gulf, defined the nature of SMEs, the aggregate contributions of the sector to economies of both developed and developing nations and their role engagement in CSR. The study adopted qualitative literature survey method. A review of the paltry literature provided insight and defined the direction of research in this important and underexplored area of study. SMEs were found to perform roles associated with community development, employee initiatives, consumerism, environmental actions and supply chain requirements. To overcome the constraints confronting SMEs engagement in CSR initiatives the paper recommended increased resources, training programmes, development of SMEs-oriented tools and standards to guide adoption and implementation, and government intervention strategies to create the necessary incentives and support services for effective engagement.

Correct Voting Across Thirty-Three Democracies: A Preliminary Analysis

This article extends Lau and Redlawsk's notion ofcorrect voting– whether voters, under conditions of uncertainty, choose the alternative they would have chosen had they been fully informed about the issues and candidates in that election – to sixty-nine elections in thirty-three established and emerging democracies around the world. At the individual level, political sophistication, political experience and motivation all significantly predict the probability of casting a correct vote. However several institutional factors proved to be even more important. In particular, elections with more parties running – and settings that encourage candidate-centred voting – decrease the probability of correct voting, while more ideologically distinctive alternatives, clearer lines of responsibility and greater media access to information are associated with higher rates of correct voting.

Corporate Social (IR)Responsibility in Media and Communication Industries

Microsoft is the most socially responsible company in the world, followed by Google on rank 2 and The Walt Disney Company on rank 3 – at least according to the perceptions of 47,000 people from 15 countries that participated in a survey conducted by the consultancy firm Reputation Institute. In this paper I take a critical look at Corporate Social Responsibility in media and communication industries. Within the debate on CSR media are often only discussed in regard to their role of raising awareness and enabling public debate about corporate social responsibility. What is missing are theoretical and empirical studies about the corporate social (ir)responsibility of media and communication companies themselves. This paper contributes to overcoming this blind spot. First I systematically describe four different ways of relating profit goals and social gaols of media and communication companies. I argue for a dialectical perspective that considers how profit interests and social responsibilities mutually shape each other. Such a perspective can draw on a critical political economy of media and communication. Based on this approach I take a closer look at Microsoft, Google and The Walt Disney Company and show that their actual practices do not correspond to their reputation. This analysis points at flaws in the concept CSR. I argue that despite these limitations CSR still contains a rational element that can however only be realised by going beyond CSR. I therefore suggest a new concept that turns CSR off its head and places it upon its feet.