Sustainable Tourism Research Articles

Cultural heritage and sustainable tourism: unveiling the positive correlations and economic impacts

Cultural heritage and sustainable tourism: unveiling the positive correlations and economic impacts

Tourism Policymaking in Troubling Times: Sustainability-Driven Challenges, Implemented Policies, and Goals for Sustainable Development

Tourism’s vulnerability to crises underscores the need for new or adapted tourism policies that prioritize sustainable tourism development across ecological, economic, and stakeholder dimensions. While past research has highlighted the relevance of sustainable policies for tourism crisis recovery, the research gap lies in the actual implementation of these policies in response to crises. This study examines tourism policymaking in Europe by conducting a quantitative study with 181 tourism organizations responsible for sustainable tourism and its policy implementation. Exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were employed to reveal how tourism policymakers perceive challenges, the subsequent impact on implemented policies, and the intended sustainability-driven goals. Specifically, policies addressing environmental, technological, promotional, and personnel challenges have been enacted due to the climate change crisis, the COVID-19 pandemic, and financial recessions. These policies not only aim to pursue economic recovery but also contribute to the sustainable development of tourism, engaging key stakeholders and aligning with broader sustainability goals such as climate action and governance. This study addresses the underdeveloped area of sustainomics by contributing to the discourse on political implementation for sustainable development, providing a critical exploration of how tourism governance can enhance sustainability practices in crisis contexts.

A complex adaptive system analysis of emerging tourism work paradigms

ABSTRACT This conceptual paper offers a novel conceptual analysis of emerging work paradigms that have the potential to reshape the tourism professions, underscoring the need for a comprehensive perspective. It emphasises the necessity of examining the increasingly complex tourism professions through the lens of Complex Adaptive Systems (CAS). Additionally, we examine how a CAS analysis of tourism work paradigms can be effectively conducted. First, five fundamental tenets that guide a CAS exploration of work dynamics were identified. Subsequently, the conceptual foundation of the CAS approach was established through the development of a framework synthesised from existing literature on work paradigms and tourism work. This framework elucidates the mechanisms and implications of evolving tourism work dynamics, with the primary objective of addressing their inherent complexities while offering a precise structure for CAS-based simulation modelling. Moreover, we provide guidance on constructing a simulation model based on this framework to address 12 identified gaps in the current tourism work literature. The theoretical contributions, methodological advancements, and potential research directions arising from the CAS approach benefit in predicting and advancing the future of tourism professions. Finally, practical implications for organisational strategy development and policy-making toward fostering a sustainable tourism work ecosystem are discussed.

Betting on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) within medical tourism (MT) development: the case of Macao

ABSTRACT This study examines the introduction and role of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) within Macao’s new medical tourism (MT) initiative. Supported by the Chinese Central Government, TCM embedded into MT is a key strategy to diversify Macao’s tourism economy beyond gaming. Infused with ancient Chinese cultural traditions and nuances, TCM provides a holistic healing process and potential distinctive tourism destination marketing tactic. This study employed semi-structured, in-depth interviews with 15 professionals linked to TCM in mainland China and Macao. Consolidating the responses, challenges and implications were presented on merging this intangible cultural heritage with Macao’s MT aspirations and to present this as an appealing, distinct, collaborative and sustainable tourism strategy to a wider potential tourism audience in mainland China and internationally, in keeping with the new tourism vision. Our study provides important implications for MT destination development, especially for those locations embedding alternative treatments such as TCM.

Sustainable Cycling: Boosting Commuting and Tourism Opportunities in Istria

This study explores the evolution of cycling in Istria, a region located in parts of Slovenia and Croatia along the Northern Adriatic coast, recognised for its vibrant tourism sector. The research aims to evaluate the potential of cycling for both daily commuting and tourism while examining its economic, environmental, and social impacts. The study uses secondary data from 2010 to 2023, econometric methods, and interviews to assess how cycling contributes to economic growth, regional collaboration, employment rates, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In Slovenia, regression analysis indicates that bicycle imports positively correlate with tourist arrivals, which positively influences GDP. However, VAR analysis shows that employment has a negative impact on GHG emissions. In contrast, the increase in bicycles contributes to higher GHG emissions, suggesting the possibility of greenwashing or double pollution. In Croatia, regression coefficients were found to be insignificant, aligning with insights gained from interviews. Nonetheless, VAR analysis reveals that tourist arrivals and GDP positively reinforce each other, while GHG emissions negatively affect employment. Bicycles are shown to reduce GHG emissions, and tourist arrivals are also associated with lowered GHG emissions. The study concludes that cycling holds significant potential for fostering sustainable tourism and regional development; however, the differing impacts observed in Slovenia and Croatia necessitate tailored policy interventions. The hypothesis is partially confirmed in Slovenia, where bicycle imports positively impact tourist arrivals and GDP but are challenged by increased GHG emissions, while in Croatia, the hypothesis is not supported by direct economic gains from cycling. However, bicycles contribute to reducing GHG emissions.

The Social Impact of Sports Habits on Sustainable Tourism Perceptions: A Case Study in Alt Urgell

This study examines the relationship between residents’ sports habits and their attitudes toward sustainable tourism in the rural region of Alt Urgell. Recognizing the importance of physical activity for health and well-being, this research aims to understand how regular participation in outdoor sports influences perceptions of sustainable tourism and how demographic factors moderate this relationship. A quantitative survey was conducted with a sample of 416 residents, achieving a 95% confidence level and a 4.8% margin of error. Inferential statistical analysis revealed significant correlations between sports habits and attitudes toward sustainable tourism. Results highlight slight differences in perception between genders, with men showing stronger support for community-driven economic initiatives. Variations based on years of residency were observed, with long-term residents expressing greater concern for sustainability. Participation in outdoor sports and attendance at sports events positively influenced perceptions of sustainable tourism. While some hypotheses were confirmed, others were rejected, indicating complexities in the relationship between sports habits and sustainable tourism perceptions. This study concludes by emphasizing the need for targeted educational interventions and inclusive policies to promote sustainable development in the region and suggests directions for future research to further explore these dynamics.

Sustainable Weaving: Guano Knotted Carpets as a Tourism Experience Contributing to Territorial Development

Sustainable tourism is a management model that can easily be applied in the territories declared as “Pueblo Mágico”, promoting economic strengthening, as well as opportunities for environmental and cultural preservation, by means of tourism through the use of the historical–cultural characteristics of these territories. One of the main challenges is to find a balance between promoting tourism and conserving intangible cultural heritage. In July 2024, Guano, located in the province of Chimborazo, Ecuador, was re-accredited within the Magical Towns of Ecuador Program. Within this process, one of the main elements to reach this milestone was creating a meaningful tourism experience based on one of the cultural manifestations certified as part of the intangible cultural heritage of Ecuador: the weaving technique used to create Guano knotted carpets. This article examines how this technique was integrated into tourism development by focusing on knowledge transfer and symbolic and historical value, avoiding tourist overexploitation, which can lead to the erosion of traditions and loss of their cultural significance. The methodology used is a participatory action research methodology. This experience not only offers an opportunity for tourists to connect with local culture, but it can also be a driver of sustainable development. By integrating this tradition into a responsible tourism model, economic, social, and environmental benefits can be generated, which strengthen communities and preserve their cultural heritage. To sum up, sustainable tourism in Guano, Ecuador, can balance tourism promotion and cultural heritage preservation, and the integration of the knotted carpet weaving technique as a tourism experience strengthens local identity and generates economic, social, and environmental benefits, promoting sustainable development and avoiding cultural commodification.

Peran Industri Perhotelan dalam Mendukung Pariwisata Heritage di Candi Tebing Tegalinggah Gianyar, Bali

This study aims to explore the role of the hospitality industry in supporting the development of heritage tourism at Candi Tebing Tegalinggah, Gianyar, Bali. The research employs a qualitative approach with data collection techniques including in-depth interviews and Focus Group Discussions (FGD) with hotel managers, hotel staff, heritage site managers, and tourists. Additionally, secondary data was obtained from documents, literature, and relevant reports. Data analysis was performed descriptively, focusing on identifying key themes from the discussions and interviews. The results indicate that the role of the hospitality industry in supporting heritage tourism at Candi Tebing Tegalinggah is still suboptimal. Despite the awareness of the heritage site's potential, hotels around the site have not fully leveraged this opportunity through integrated cultural tourism programs. Information about the site provided by hotels is also limited, reducing tourists' interest in visiting. Some hotels have demonstrated initiatives in supporting cultural preservation, but this involvement has not been formally coordinated. The study recommends enhancing collaboration between the hospitality sector and heritage site managers and developing more structured tourism programs to maximize the potential of Candi Tebing Tegalinggah as a sustainable heritage tourism destination.

Exploring the potential of Technological Innovation in the Hospitality and Tourism Industry to attain Sustainability

Purpose of the study: The hospitality industry is undergoing rapid transformation due to continuous technological innovation in response to intense competition and evolving innovative practices. So, to meet up with the intense competition - technological innovation is inevitable. Methodology: Secondary sources are used to derive fundamental concepts and frameworks of modern technology used in the hospitality and tourism industry to attain sustainability. These sources include articles, books, newspapers, reviews, and company websites. Main Findings: By adopting technological innovation, the industry can reduce its environmental impact, improve operational efficiency, and provide enhanced experiences for guests, thereby moving towards a sustainable future. Implementing technologies in the hospitality industry involves both pros and cons. Applications of the study: Hospitality is the least service-activity sector, and there is a need to explore technological innovation strategies that lead to higher sales turnover, performance, and sustainability. Novelty/Originality of the study: This study's originality lies in its ability to offer updated technology used in the H&T industry to attain sustainable tourism. This concept is depicted with a conceptual model showing skills and innovative trends and their impact on Sustainability.

Ekonomi Kreatif, Keterlibatan Stakeholder, dan Partisipasi Masyarakat Terhadap Sustainable ecotourism Ekowisata Mangrove Lembung Pamekasan

Tourism has the potential to enhance a country's economy, but it also brings negative impacts associated with the industry. To address these issues, the concept of ecotourism was developed, in line with the principles of sustainable tourism development, with environmental preservation as its key focus. The aim of this study is to analyze the various factors influencing the evolution of sustainable ecotourism in the Mangrove Lembung area of Pamekasan, including the creative economy, stakeholder involvement, and community participation. The population for this study consists of 1,486 residents of Lembung Village, Pamekasan. Using the Slovin formula, the sample size was determined to be 94, and purposive sampling was applied for sample selection. Data was collected through questionnaires using a likert scale. The research findings indicate that the creative economy, stakeholder involvement, and community participation have a positive impact on the sustainability of Mangrove Lembung ecotourism in Pamekasan. The creative economy contributes to increasing the appeal of tourism through innovation in local products, while stakeholder involvement strengthens collaboration between institutions to preserve the environment. Community participation is also crucial in supporting the management of sustainable ecotourism, as the community plays a key role in the implementation of policies.

Potensi Curug Cinulang Sebagai Wisata Berkelanjutan di Kabupaten Bandung

His research uses qualitative research methods to determine the potential of Curug Cinulang as a sustainable tourist destination in Bandung Regency. By using the triple bottom line concept which includes economic, environmental and social aspects, this research examines how tourism management at Curug Cinulang can provide balanced benefits for the surrounding community, the natural environment and the local economy. Data was obtained through in-depth interviews with various stakeholders, field observations, and document analysis. The results of the research show that management involving the active participation of local communities not only improves economic welfare through the creation of jobs and business opportunities, but also encourages the preservation of the natural environment around water. plunge. In addition, community involvement in tourism management creates a sense of shared ownership and responsibility, thereby strengthening social cohesion. These results show that Curug Cinulanghas great potential to develop sustainable tourism that provides long-term benefits for all stakeholders..

Preliminary assessment of Stracoş Cave and its surface delineated protection area for a sustainable tourism

Tășad protected area includes geological, archaeological and speleological reserves with scientific, educational and tourism values. In the context of recently touristic development of Stracoș cave, our study aims to update the existing data. Following objectives were established: (1) geological re-mapping on surface and underground, (2) assessment of the environmental features of cave and surface area, (3) biological mapping of Stracoş cave, (4) delineation of the surface protection area of the cave. We have continuously registered temperature and relative humidity in the cave, seasonally measured the physical-chemical parameters of springs and cave waters and quantified the microbial indicators. We also assessed the plant communities from the surface, the aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates, bats and other vertebrates from the cave. Our results include a new and detailed geological map of the Stracoș-Tășad area and revealed a good status of the forest ecosystems with a moderate anthropogenic impact. Springs showed a physical-chemical profile typical for karstic areas, with trace minerals originating in the volcanic tuff intercalation from the sedimentary rocks, and low pollution with ammonia and phosphates, while the cave waters indicated nitrate presence, a high turbidity and high microbial content. The aquatic invertebrates were represented by 12 supraspecific taxa, of which copepods, amphipods and oligochaetes, were most frequent. Terrestrial cave fauna was represented by trogloxene, troglophile, guanophile, and parasitic species of Isopoda, Opiliones, Acari, Araneae, and Coleoptera. Bat colonies of Rhinolophus spp. were observed in the cave, in the swarming and transitional time, with R. euryale as the most numerous species. On the basis of the overall assessment of cave and surface, we delineated the surface protection area for Stracoș cave. These findings represent a base point for the management measures that need to be addressed and for future monitoring and protecting measures, in view of the natural heritage preservation.

Forest bathing and tourism: A bibliometric analysis

The shinrin-yoku activity, or forest bathing, is inspired by a Japanese therapeutic tradition that involves spending time in the forest to improve health. This activity offers various applications for scientific research in different fields such as health, therapy, psychology, or tourism. This work aims to analyze both the current state and the evolution of scientific research on forest bathing activity. Specifically, to discuss the potential of this activity in the dimension of sustainable tourism. For this purpose, using the VOSviewer software, papers published in the Web of Science and Scopus databases between 2008 and 2023 were analyzed. The main results of this research support that forest bathing activity is experiencing progressive growth in the scientific literature, especially from the perspective of health and medicine. However, it is an activity that is little explored from the tourism perspective. The above would be especially interesting in those natural spaces located in rural areas where good tourism management of this activity could be another business opportunity that combats depopulation, socioeconomic underdevelopment, and natural disasters such as fires.

The Future Of Travel: Trends And Predictions

The travel industry is undergoing significant changes driven by technological advancements, evolving consumer preferences, and environmental concerns. This paper delves into the key trends shaping the future of travel, such as the growth of sustainable tourism, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and virtual reality (VR), the demand for personalized travel experiences, and the movement towards eco-friendly travel solutions. Recognizing these trends is vital for stakeholders in the industry to remain competitive and navigate future challenges effectively.

Sharing the ocean: fostering blue synergies for sustainable whale-watching

Whale-based tourism activities offer unique opportunities for humans to observe cetaceans in their natural habitats. Well-planned experiences can provide educational value and promote respectful enjoyment of marine wildlife. Conversely, poorly managed activities can negatively impact cetaceans by injuring or killing them (through collisions with boats) or altering their behavior, such as resting time, nursing or diving. This study presents an example of designing and implementing a whale-based tourism activity in the Canary Islands (Spain), with the participation of researchers, whale-watching operators and tour guides, public policy-makers, and civil society, with a strong focus on educational values. The coastal communities are crucial in promoting sustainable whale-watching practices through educational initiatives, community engagement, and stakeholder collaboration. The paper employs a process-monitoring approach to evaluate the whole procedure of whale-watching activity implementation. We assume that the success of any tourism activity depends on the process that leads to its creation. The analysis emphasizes the need for careful planning and execution to design and implement marine tourism experiences. Concerns for tourism satisfaction and safety and the need for environmental sustainability challenge the management of whale-watching operations. In this regard, engaging local communities, addressing safety and conservation concerns, and promoting responsible tourism practices are essential for mitigating these challenges and ensuring the long-term viability of whale watching as a sustainable and educational activity.

The Interaction and Sustainable Efficiency Between Tourism Systems and the Energy–Economy–Environment System: A Novel Parallel Network Super-Efficiency Slacks-Based Measure Model

Sustainable tourism entails balancing economic growth, environmental protection, and energy utilisation. However, the current interactive dynamics between urban agglomeration tourism systems and the energy–economy–environment (EEE) system, as well as the sustainable efficiency of the tourism–energy–economy–environment (TEEE) system, remain unclear. For the first time, this study employs a super-efficiency network slacks-based measure (SE-NSBM) model to interact with tourism and EEE systems, proposing a novel network structure that includes feedback variables. To validate the proposed model, this study evaluated the efficiency of the TEEE system and its subsystems in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration (YRDUA) from 2016 to 2020. The study revealed significant variations in the efficiency of the TEEE, tourism, and EEE systems among cities in the YRDUA, with a discernible downward trend. The TEEE and tourism systems exhibit relatively weak coping capabilities when faced with significant unforeseen events, highlighting the urgent need to strengthen system resilience. The results also demonstrate that the new model effectively resolves the issue of efficiency overestimation in the TEEE system observed in traditional models, which tend to overestimate actual efficiency by 3%. The novel model and empirical results offer decision-makers new perspectives and practical insights into formulating sustainable tourism policies.

Degrowth Analysis on Indonesian International Tourism Destinations

Greenwashing has become prevalent as many stakeholders falsely claim to adhere to green growth principles. Green growth also often neglects human rights aspects. This study proposes degrowth as an alternative to the dominant economic growth paradigm. Degrowth, which gained popularity during the post-pandemic recovery, emphasizes sustainability, justice, and independence from capitalist growth. While green growth often relies on technology for solutions, degrowth recognizes its potential limitations. In the Global South, degrowth can support local communities and challenge neo-colonial tourism practices. Community-based tourism, slow tourism, and responsible tourism are concrete manifestations of degrowth principles. These approaches aim to benefit local communities, reduce environmental impact, and promote sustainable tourism practices. This study focuses on three Indonesian international tourism destinations, Raja Ampat, Nusa Penida, and Labuan Bajo. By analysing the discourses surrounding these destinations, the study highlights the need for a transformative shift towards more sustainable and equitable tourism practices. Degrowth offers a roadmap for achieving balanced economic growth while prioritizing ecological preservation and social justice. Keywords: Green Growth, Degrowth, Sustainability, Justice, Tourism.

Effects of Motivation and Sustainable Tourism Management on Post-Travel Attitudes of Island Tourists: The Moderating Role of the New Ecological Paradigm

Effects of Motivation and Sustainable Tourism Management on Post-Travel Attitudes of Island Tourists: The Moderating Role of the New Ecological Paradigm

Canvas of Culture: Public Art’s Role in Reinvigorating Pekan Parit

Public art is instrumental in enhancing tourism in Pekan Parit, Perak, by enriching the area cultural landscape. This study explores the multifaceted influence of public art on community perceptions, emotional responses, and its potential to attract tourists. We employed a mixed-methods design to collect data from 103 respondents through surveys, evaluating community attitudes towards public art and its role in fostering a cohesive community and boosting tourism. Key findings reveal that public art not only enhances Pekan Parit’s aesthetic appeal but also significantly influences both residents and visitors. However, community engagement is closely linked to the effectiveness of public art in attracting tourists, so artistic initiatives must resonate with both locals and tourists. This underscores the critical role of public art in reflecting and preserving the town's cultural identity while involving the community in the planning and execution of these projects. The research concludes that public art can be a powerful catalyst for sustainable tourism growth, facilitating deeper connections to the area’s cultural heritage and enhancing the overall visitor experience. These insights are essential for policymakers, urban planners, and cultural practitioners seeking to leverage public art as a strategic tool for revitalising tourism in Pekan Parit, Perak.

Optimization of Quadruple Helix Using RUMEUNG App for Sustainable Tourism Development in West Java

The development of tourism concepts requires collaborative efforts across multiple stakeholders. This study focuses on enhancing the tourism sector through the "RUMEUNG" application, designed to integrate efforts from government, academia, business, and local communities. Such integration is essential for fostering creativity, ensuring high-quality final products, and maintaining competitiveness in the increasingly diverse market of tourism. West Java, an expansive region, is identified as having 2,583 potential tourist sites as per the Department of Tourism and Culture. To optimize these assets, coordinated development and marketing strategies are critical. This qualitative study uses descriptive research techniques to assess and improve the usability of the "RUMEUNG" application’s user interface. It adopts the Lean UX methodology for design and evaluates the outcomes using Single Ease Questions (SEQ) and the System Usability Scale (SUS). Additionally, the research explores the application of the Quadruple Helix model in tourism development in West Java through the RUMEUNG program, aiming to enhance digital integration among the key stakeholders. Results indicate that the user interface design of RUMEUNG is highly accessible, with a SEQ score of 8.5%. Most users found the interface to be extremely easy to use (7%), while others rated it as easy (12%) and very easy (3%). The SUS scores were also favorable, falling within the grade B range (80-90), which reflects good usability. By implementing a Quadruple Helix approach, the RUMEUNG application potentially facilitates robust collaboration, promoting sustainable tourism development in West Java.