Responses Of Guinea-pig Ileum Research Articles

Anti-inflammatory evaluation of cryogenine

Cryogenine was effective in limiting the development of artificially induced inflammatory responses in acute and chronic experiments in rats. Cryogenine altered the acute edematous reaction to plantar injection of carrageenin and inhibited development of increased foot thickness induced by plantar injection of nonviable mycobacterial adjuvant in chronic studies. Histopathologic examinations did not suggest actions that would interfere with the anti-inflammatory evaluations. Cryogenine demonstrated a low order of analgesic (rat tail flick) and antipyretic (peptone fever) activity, and was capable of partially reversing edema and pain produced by silver nitrate injections in the ankle joints of rats. Cryogenine blocked serotonin, bradykinin, and histamine responses in guinea pig ileum; and pretreatment limited serotonin-induced pedal edema in rats and blocked histamine-induced intradermal wheals in the rabbit. Cryogenine was ineffective as a fibrinolytic agent. Prototype nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory compounds as well as agents with structural similarities to cryogenine were also investigated. Cryogenine may, like aspirin, manifest its anti-inflammatory activity through a combination of selective central and nonspecific peripheral mechanisms.

The effect of copper sulphate and manganese sulphate on the toxicity and tremor of tremorine and on some peripheral responses induced by acetylcholine, noradrenaline, dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine

Copper sulphate and manganese sulphate markedly potentiated the toxicity of tremorine in mice. Neither metal salt caused tremor on its own. Copper sulphate, administered prior to tremorine, increases the tremor and appears to prolong it. Manganese sulphate caused a significant increase in tremor only in the early stages of the experiment. Copper sulphate, at a dose of 20 mg/ml significantly potentiated the response of guinea pig ileum to acetylcholine, whereas manganese sulphate inhibited the standard response at all dose levels. On the same preparation, both metal salts inhibited the responses to a standard dose of 5-hydroxytryptamine. All doses of copper sulphate used inhibited the noradrenaline standard response of guinea pig vas deferens and also caused inhibition of the response to dopamine at the 2 and 20 mg/ml dose levels of metal salt. However, at a high dose of 200 mg/ml copper sulphate there was non-significant potentiation of the dopamine response. Manganese sulphate, in doses of 2 and 20 mg/ml potentiated responses to both catecholamines, but markedly inhibited responses at high doses of metal salt.

Effect of cortisone on anaphylactic response of guinea pig ileum.

Treatment of guinea pigs during the period of sensitization to horse serum with 5 mg/kg of cortisone acetate daily for 20 days did not abolish the Arthus reaction or affect the level of tissue antibody as measured by the anaphylactic response of the isolated ileum. Injection of 25 mg intraperi-toneally 4 1/2 and 6 1/2 hours before sacrifice likewise had no effect. Cortisone acetate in vitro had no effect on the antigen-antibody reaction of the Arthus type. Ethyl alcohol, at a concentration of 0.8%, usually abolished the anaphylactic response. Some blockade of the antigen-antibody reaction by sodium salicylate was indicated. The histamine sensitivity of the isolated ileum was not affected by cortisone acetate treatment in vivo or in vitro.