Response Time Parameters Research Articles

Solving the Task Starvation and Resources Problem Using Optimized SMPIA in Cloud

In this study, a new feature is added to the smart message passing interface (SMPI) approach (SMPIA) based on the prioritization method, which can completely eliminate the task starvation and lack of sufficient resources problems through prioritizing the tasks. The proposed approach is based on prioritizing the tasks and the urgency of implementation. Tasks are prioritized based on execution time, workload, the task with a more sensitive priority is executed earlier by the free source. The idea of demand-bound functions (DBFs) was extended to the SMPIA setting based on partitions and caps. For each task, two DBFs are constructed, DBFLO and DBFHI, for the LO and HI criticality modes, respectively. The simulation results returned by MATLAB showed that with the optimized SMPIA (O-SMPIA), the parameters of maximum service execution time, response time, delay time, and throughput improved in this work. In addition, the results confirmed that the reduction of execution time, completion time, and resource consumption time did not affect the response time and throughput of workflow tasks and did not cause inefficient use of resources in virtual machines (VMs) and data centers (DCs). The evaluation of performance metrics showed that the delay, response time of the Greedy algorithm was less than that of Max-Min and Min-Min. At the same time, the execution time of Max-Min was less than the others and the throughput of the Greedy was longer. The effect and throughput of O-SMPIA became more obvious as change to the job count and the number of cloud workloads increased. It is also worth mentioning that one of the main advantages of the O-SMPIA to other methods is the efficient use of time to execute all the defined tasks by CPU.

Efficient IPv4-IPv6 translation mechanism for IMS using SIP proxy

Next-generation IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) has a promise future in internet technologies. Technically, IMS utilises Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) for call communication. Potentially, SIP clients might reside in coexistence network family like IPv6 and/or IPv4. The coexistence of SIP clients considered a serious issue in SIP communication and IPv6 migration in general. In this paper a SIP-Proxy IP Translator (SPIPT) is proposed to translate SIP call between from IPv6 to IPv4 and vice versa. The proposed solution comes to insure successive connectivity in term of IP version compatibility. The experiment shows acceptable CPU usage, throughput, and Call Response Time parameters. SIP proxy hits negligible amount (1.93%) of CPU usage when 100 calls load. In addition, throughput also stays with the safety level with 1.9 Kbps in the same 100 calls. In sum, the solution aims to reduce call setup complexity and leverages user experience which in turn accelerates IPv6 transition.

Thermocouple response time estimation and temperature signal correction for an accurate heat flux calculation in inverse heat conduction problems

Many heat transfer processes do not allow temperature measurements with advanced instruments like IR cameras, and thus require the use of thermocouples – often inserted sheathed thermocouples – in order to measure the temperature in some key-regions. Nevertheless, thermocouples have an intrinsic response time that can dampen substantially temperature measurements and, when applicable, affect heat flux estimations by inverse methods. In this study, a thermocouple measurement correction method is proposed, especially for fast thermal transients like quenching, to avoid underestimation of the boundary heat fluxes due to delayed temperature responses. A simplified energy balance at the hot junction allowed modeling the temperature measurement by a thermocouple, in which heat losses and the response time were taken into account so they can be estimated using the least squares method on experimental data. A series of tests was performed to validate the present method with a heated jet impinging on a copper body instrumented with two thermocouples: one ungrounded and sheathed, then with high response time (”slow”); and another with exposed welded wires, hence with low response time (”fast”). After having estimated the slow thermocouple response time and heat loss parameters, the model allowed a good reconstruction of the fast thermocouple signal using the slow thermocouple measurements. Also, the heat flux estimation by the inverse method using the reconstructed signal resulted in practically the same results obtained using the fast thermocouple data. A parametric sensitivity analysis showed the heat loss parameters can be neglected for heat flux estimations, while simulations showed that temperature noises degrade the response time estimation but data filtering can mitigate this noise effect. Finally, the present method was applied to a large scale jet-cooling of a hot plate – near industrial conditions – and showed a substantially higher dissipated heat flux than the initially estimated. In fact, the results using reconstructed signals demonstrated that the heat flux dissipated by the jet has a higher dependence on the jet Reynolds number than the observed with the original thermocouple measurements, showing how important the temperature measurement correction is to evaluate fast thermal processes.

Identification of Parameters Required to Reduce Emergency Response Time for An Integrated Facility

In an emergency incident time is of the crucial factor, and the basic philosophy of an emergency response agency is to respond as quickly as possible to minimize the loss of life and property damage. Emergency response operations are very important activities in the oil and gas industrial areas. As an incident in an integrated facility at oil and gas industrial area can have considerable major economic and social impact, response to such an incident must be provided in a very short time. The use of parameters plays an important role in the successful implementation of emergency response. This case study considered configuration emergency response time parameters at an integrated facility. Therefore, to predict the response time consideration must be given to the characteristics of emergency response parameters, its effectiveness and efficiency. The decisions for such emergency responses to integrated facility should consider the available emergency resources, and other factors such as emergency responders’ competency, fire protection and fire detection system, and the characteristics of surrounding affected industrial facilities. Pilot Test results showed that the top five most parameters affecting emergency response time at the case study of oil and gas integrated facility were namely location, competency, road access, emergency vehicle and frequent drill/exercise. Other analyses resulted that emergency drills and exercises parameter shall be critically examined. Drills constitute a simultaneous and comprehensive test of emergency plans, staffing levels, personnel training, procedures, facilities, equipment, and materials. Having this process, the company able to improve emergency preparedness and response management and aligned with crisis management protocol by government authority.

Designing High Availability Cluster Using Server Virtualization on Cloud Storage Services

Cloud Storage Service at PT. Harrisma Globaltechnologies Jakarta has not been applied based on virtualization. The problem with cloud storage services in general is that the server is not able to serve a high number of requests as a result the cloud storage server fails. One of these problems is caused by inadequate server resources and less than optimal storage server management. These problems can be solved effectively and efficiently with server virtualization. Where server virtualization is managed by Proxmox. Proxmox is an open-source virtualization platform supported by KVM and OpenVZ hypervisors and can be managed with web-based graphics. Server virtualization collaboration can save server resources by duplicating server services virtually. The research methodology used is clustering by applying the concept of high-availability where there is a secondary server as a backup-server for the primary-server. The results of this study include three parameters, namely Throughput, Response Time, and CPU Usage. The results show that cloud storage servers that implement virtualization than those that do not apply with a difference in the value of the Throughput parameter of 1896.6 Kbps, the difference in the value of the Response Time parameter of 10.6 requests/second, and the difference in the value of the CPU Usage criteria of 11.91%

Analysis implementation of code blue service towards early warning system in Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital, Medan-Indonesia

Introduction: Since its operation in 2016, the Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital (USU Hospital) has implemented Medical Services for patients with cardiac arrest conditions by forming a Code Blue team. Based on data in 2018, the number of patients who received the Code Blue emergency was 240 patients. There are still many cardiac arrest events at USU Hospital, it is necessary to evaluate the implementation of the Code Blue services and create an early warning system (EWS) for patients who are potentially in cardiac arrest to prevent high cardiac arrest cases that will economically harm USU Hospital.Method: We analyze the secondary data from the Medical Record, an interview with the code blue team, and an analysis of the resuscitation form that has been completed.Result: The results of the study (n=30) which experienced the most stop breathing and cardiac arrest before the implementation of EWS were chronic diseases with 63.3% (n=19) and after the implementation of EWS there were still chronic diseases with 56.7% (n=17). A paired t-test was conducted with the result that code blue services on the numeric response time parameter was different in response time of 0.266 minutes after the implementation of EWS services (p=0.354). Meanwhile related to the length of time for cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR) there is a time difference of 10,767 minutes after the implementation of EWS services, (p=0.000).Conclusion: Interpretation of EWS implementation can affect the time of the CPR performed because the worsening condition of the patient has been monitored before respiratory and cardiac arrest occurred. The conclusion of making an early warning system (EWS) at USU Hospital can be immediately implemented as stated in the guidelines as a form of service in medical and nursing services.

Молибден оксиді негізіндегі сенсорлар

In this review article were considered the works of electrochemical sensors modified with molybdenum oxide. The work of sensors based on molybdenum oxide was systematized, a comparison table was developed, the sensors were classified according to the purpose of use. Methods of molybdenum oxide synthesis used to modify the working electrode in electrochemical sensors were considered. The various methods have been used to synthesize molybdenum oxide, such as a thermal, hydrothermal, electrochemical, electric spark, pulsed laser method, acid condensation, electrophoretic precipitation, pulse potential precipitation. The main parameters of the molybdenum oxide modified sensors, such as the detection limit, linear range, response time, sensitivity, and other parameters were compared. As a result of studies, it was found that molybdenum oxide is selected as a modifying material in electrochemical sensors due to the unique physicochemical properties of molybdenum oxide, in particular because of mechanical strength, electrical conductivity, electro catalytic activity, crystallinity. The features of electrochemical biosensors coated with molybdenum oxide were described for the detection of important compounds in specific samples. Sensors based on molybdenum oxide have been used for detection of glucose, dopamine, ethanol, ascorbic acid, troponin-1, norepinephrine, procalcitonin, L-lactate, bromate, chlorate, E110, tartrazine, hydrochlorothiazide, human epidermal growth factor-2, lithium,sodium,potassium. This paper provides general summarized information about current aspects of research works related to electrochemical sensors based on molybdenum oxide.

Computer Networks Optimization using Load Balancing Algorithms on the Citrix ADC Virtual Server

In the digital era and the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, all activities are online. If the number of users accessing the server exceeds IT infrastructure, server down occurs. A load balancer device is required to share the traffic request load. This study compares four algorithms on Citrix ADC VPX load balancer: round-robin, least connection, least response time and least packet using GNS3. The results of testing response time and throughput parameters show that the least connection algorithm is superior. There were a 33% reduction in response time and a 53% increase in throughput. In the service hits parameter, the round-robin algorithm has the evenest traffic distribution. While least packet superior in CPU utilization with 76% reduction. So algorithm with the best response time and throughput is the least connection. The algorithm with the best service hits is round-robin. Large scale implementation is recommended using the least connection algorithm regarding response time and throughput. When emphasizing evenest distribution, use a round-robin algorithm.

Tri-state switching of a high-order parameter, double-layered guest-host liquid-crystal shutter, doped with the mesogenic molecule 4HPB

ABSTRACT Dye-doped guest-host liquid crystal (GHLC) light shutters are widely used for privacy protection (windows) and sunlight blocking because of their low power consumption and fast response speed. The mesogenic molecule 4-(4-Heptylphenyl) benzoic acid (4HPB) can form hydrogen bonds with a vertical PI alignment layer to create a superhydrophobic vertical alignment (polyimide) PI layer, which can improve the order parameters of the dye. Because the initial transmittance and contrast of the GHLC are proportional to its own order parameters, the addition of the mesogenic molecule 4HPB can increase both the initial transmittance and contrast of the GHLC significantly. Moreover, the addition of 4HPB can also greatly increase the ion concentration of the GHLC, which introduces an electro-hydrodynamic effect. The GHLC can be switch states between transparent, haze-free dark, and high-haze dark by changing the strength of the applied voltage of appropriate frequency. Double-layered guest-host liquid crystal (DGHLC), doped with mesogenic molecules, are suitable for fast-moving applications (such as cars and airplanes) due to their short response time and high-order parameters.

A surrogate-based optimization method for the issuance of passenger evacuation orders under ship fires

In order to reduce assembly time and improve the computational efficiency under ship fires, a surrogate-based optimization technique is proposed to estimate the optimal time of the issuance of evacuation orders, which determines the passenger response times. The Legendre polynomial chaos expansion technique is employed to construct the surrogate model of passenger assembly time with response time parameters, and validated with the original computer evacuation model. The genetic algorithm (GA) is subsequently applied to find the optimal response time combination. A 3-storey passenger ship is presented and four different fire scenarios that involve typical fire locations are considered to address the validity of this proposed method. The results suggest that this proposed method can be used to determine the optimal and the worst response time parameters with a significantly reduced number of evaluation samples. The relative error of assembly time from the surrogate model follows the normal distribution. For evacuation zone with the longest average travel distance, passengers should be informed of the immediate evacuation. For evacuation zones with short average travel distances, the optimal response time may be larger than the worst solution. This work provides a new method to make a reasonable evacuation planning in ship fires.

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Meta heuristic QoS based service composition for service computing

In Service Computing, Service selection plays a vital role in delivering an appropriate service to the end user based on the request. Service composition methodology is the major factor affecting the appropriate need for the user or the consumer. The proposed technique involve the use of hybrid meta heuristics genetic algorithm with tabu search to retrieve the best suitable web service to the end user based on the Quality of service parameters. The existing techniques use the parameters response time, cost and reliability. The technique used in hybrid algorithm is used computes the availability of service, response time, throughput and interoperability between the services. Hence the result of service composition gives high reliable service to the end user with maximum throughput and interoperability. The location based service selection mechanism is considered for service composition as almost 90% of the services are available in cloud.

An improved genetic algorithm optimization fuzzy controller applied to the wellhead back pressure control system

The throttle valve is the core equipment to managed pressure drilling (MPD) technology. PID controller is the most widely used throttle valve control algorithm. However, in the wellhead back pressure control system, the control of the throttle valve has strong nonlinearity and time variability. This makes precise closed-loop control of wellhead back pressure a challenge. The traditional controller needs to be improved in terms of control speed, stability and robustness. To overcome these shortcomings, this paper proposes an improved genetic algorithm optimization fuzzy controller. Firstly the wellhead back pressure control model is established and transfer function is calculated. Secondly, an improved genetic algorithm to optimize the highly nonlinear fuzzy control rules between the input and response in the fuzzy PID controller is designed. Finally, four traditional controllers are compared with the developed model to prove the method is optimal. The proposed controller has excellent performance in terms of time response parameters (such as rise time, adjustment time, overshoot, and steady-state error). The controller exhibits great advantages in terms of speed, stability, and robustness, which significantly improves the performance of the wellhead back pressure control system.

Smart IoT Control-Based Nature Inspired Energy Efficient Routing Protocol for Flying Ad Hoc Network (FANET)

The increasing demand of routing in the field of communication is the most important subject in ad hoc networks now a days. Flying Ad Hoc Network (FANET) is one of the emerging areas that evolved from Mobile Ad Hoc Networks. Selecting the best optimal path in any network is a real challenge for a routing protocol. Because the network performance like throughput, Quality of Service (QoS), user experience, response time and other key parameters depend upon the efficiency of the algorithm running inside the routing protocol. The complexity and diversity of the problem is augmented due to dynamic spatial and temporal mobility of FANET nodes. Due to these challenges the performance and efficiency of the routing protocol becomes very critical. This paper presents a novel routing protocol for FANET using modified AntHocNet. Ant colony optimization technique or metaheuristics in general has shown better dependability and performance as compared to other legacy best path selection techniques. Energy stabilizing parameter introduced in this study improves energy efficiency and overall network performance. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol is better than generic Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) and other traditional routing protocols utilized in FANET.

Objective assessment of the therapy effectiveness for patients with depression based on the analysis of their involuntary reactions during a combined psychodiagnostic and psychophysiological study

The aim of this work was the development a method for objective assessment of therapy effectiveness for patients with depression based on measurements of reaction time and other parameters of involuntary response to audiovisual stimuli in the process of combined psychodiagnostic and psychophysiological investidation. 97 patients with depression (main group) were examined, at an average age of 40.94 ± 1.25 years (among them 51 persons diagnosed with “depressive episode” (F32 by ICD-10) and 46 persons with “recurrent depressive disorder” (F33 by ICD-10), as well as 64 almost healthy individuals (control group), at age 41.21 ± 1.21 years. Clinical-psychopathological, psychometric (computer versions of: Zung’s scales, HADS, Spielberger tests in Khanina modification, AUDIT and SCL-90R), and psychophysiological methods were used, the latter method involved the use of software and hardware complex "Reocom-stress" (manufacturer: " XAI-MEDICA", Kharkiv, Ukraine) in the "Attitude to the topic" mode with registration of psychophysiological response to groups of questions (thematic groups) from the above-mentioned psychometric methods. The described procedure was used twice during the study: with an interval of 17-19 days. It was shown that the response time and other parameters of involuntary response to audiovisual stimuli are valuable sources of information for quality control of the therapy effectiveness for patients with depression. And three channels of information (scale scores, and response time to questions in psychodiagnostic investigation and attitude to the topics (the questions of the mentioned scales), and assessed by the results of psychophysiological research) are relatively independent of each other and carry additional information about the mental status of the respondents. We found out that the channel of mental chronometry is the most sensitive to residual depressive symptoms. It has been proven that the best choice for objective assessment of therapy effectiveness for patients with depression is a computer version of the Zung’s scale with registration of the response time to each questions of this scale. This approach has the highest diagnostic properties (sensitivity — 86.60%, specificity — 96.88% and accuracy — 90.68%), which, together with the simplicity of implementation, makes it quite suitable for practical use.

Hybrid Optimization EHO-GA for Task scheduling in Cloud Environments

Cloud computing is an emerging technology with highly scalable service adopted by different kinds of people from around the world. In cloud environments one of the major problems is task scheduling; most of existing algorithm is not optimal. The proposed hybrid optimization method has combination of Elephant Herd Optimization (EHO) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) for find an optimal resource to schedule task in the Cloud. This proposed method has improves the performance of task scheduling by considering the parameters of response time, makespan, and cost of the cloud. The proposed method has implemented in CloudSim 3.0 toolkit and evaluated the performance with existing algorithm. The Experimental results were proven that proposed algorithm has given better performance compared to other scheduling algorithm.

Release risk assessment of trace metals in urban soils using in-situ DGT and DIFS model

Urbanization and urban construction lead to entensive environmental deterioration. Trace metals in urban soils pose a threat to urban water bodies and local populations. However, the release ability of labile metals and their release risk in urban soils remains unclear. Here, soils were collected from different functional zones in the Pingshan District (PSD) of Shenzhen. Based on results of soil properties, total contents of trace metals, geochemical index (Igeo), and risk assessment code (RAC), diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) and DGT-induced fluxes in soil (DIFS) model were further used to assess the release risk of trace metals in urban soils. The results showed that the average total concentrations of trace metals (As, Cr, Cu, Pb, and V) were higher than the local soil background values, implying that trace metals accumulated in urban soils. However, the distributions of labile metals determined by DGT were not similar to those of total metal concentrations. Except for As, urban soils from PSD sites exhibited “uncontaminated to moderately contaminated” levels based on the average values of Igeo. Moreover, the pollution and migration of Cu in urban soils are problematic as evidenced by the Igeo and RAC assessments. Release ability of Cu was assessed using parameters of DIFS model (i.e., bioavailability concentrations (CE), resupply ability (R), response time (Tc), desorption rate (k−1), and sorption rate (k1)). Residential areas showed high CE values for Cu, while the resupply ability was low. Furthermore, considering the influences of R, Tc, k−1, and k1, membership function value was used to re-calculate the order of CE in urban soils. The final results suggested that the agricultural zone exhibited the highest release risk among soils from various functional zones. Therefore, DGT and DIFS model should be effective tools to assess the release risk of trace metals in urban soils.

Visual search for complex objects: Set-size effects for faces, words and cars

To compare visual processing for different object types, we developed visual search tests that generated accuracy and response time parameters, including an object set-size effect that indexes perceptual processing load. Our goal was to compare visual search for two expert object types, faces and visual words, as well as a less expert type, cars. We first asked if faces and words showed greater inversion effects in search. Second, we determined whether search with upright stimuli correlated with other perceptual indices. Last we assessed for correlations between tests within a single orientation, and between orientations for a single object type. Object set-size effects were smaller for faces and words than cars. All accuracy and temporal measures showed an inversion effect for faces and words, but not cars. Face-search accuracy measures correlated with accuracy on the Cambridge Face Memory Test and word-search temporal measures correlated with single-word reading times, but car search did not correlate with semantic car knowledge. There were cross-orientation correlations for all object types, as well as cross-object correlations in the inverted orientation, while in the upright orientation face search did not correlate with word or car search. We conclude that object search shows effects of expertise. Compared to cars, words and faces showed smaller object set-size effects, greater inversion effects, and their search results correlated with other indices of perceptual expertise. The correlation analyses provide preliminary evidence supporting contributions from common processes in the case of inverted stimuli, object-specific processes that operate in both orientations, and distinct processing for upright faces.

The Effects of Indoor High Temperature on Circadian Rhythms of Human Work Efficiency.

Indoor non-air-conditioned environments widely exist in the summer high temperature weather. The work efficiency of the people who stay indoors for a long time is seriously affected by the indoor high temperature. In this paper, the changes of the circadian rhythms of work efficiency in indoor high temperature environments were studied. Ten healthy subjects (five males and five females) were selected in the experiments randomly. In each experiment day, the maximum hourly outdoor temperature was selected as 28 °C, 32 °C, 36 °C, and 38 °C, respectively, to determine the experiment conditions. In each experiment condition, subjects’ response time, accuracy rate, grip strength, work willingness, and physiological parameters were monitored for 24 consecutive hours. Meanwhile, the hourly outdoor temperatures of the experiment day were accessed from the weather report during the experiment. Then the cosinor method and statistical method were adopted. The results indicated that the response time, grip strength, and work willingness followed circadian rhythms. However, the accuracy rates of the Stroop color-word test (SCWT) and numeral inspection task (NIT) did not show an obvious circadian rhythm. The effects of high temperature on the circadian rhythms of grip strength and work willingness were mainly reflected in the decreases of the median and amplitude. The effects on the response time were mainly reflected in the decrease of the median. In addition, forehead temperature showed a significant negative correlation to response time, and it could be considered as a predictor to assess the level of work efficiency. This study gives an alternative method to replace direct measurement of the ability indices at work site and provides basic data of 24 consecutive hours, for showing changes in human work efficiency. It could be helpful to predict the low performance in advance to reduce occupational accidents.

Investigations on Metaheuristic Algorithm for Designing Adaptive PID Controller for Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor

An integral part of industrial processes is the Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) whose dynamic characteristics are highly nonlinear causing the reactor to deviate from its set temperature point. For its efficient operation, specific parameters of the CSTR are required to be controlled. Hence, this paper presents designing of the Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller using conventional and metaheuristic methods for the temperature control of the CSTR. The conventional controller is tuned with Ziegler Nichols (Z-N) method. Global search population-based metaheuristic methods like Artificial Bee Colony (ABC), Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) have been implemented to optimize the adaptive controller parameters, and a comparative analysis is done taking the step response into consideration. The CSTR system is simulated by the proposed controller which improves the robustness, behaviour and tracking of the system. The simulation results present substantial enhancement of the time response parameters, i.e. settling time, rise time, peak overshoot, mean square error and integral time absolute error. Studies showed that the proposed adaptive methods with metaheuristic algorithms are fast and efficient in error reduction. Here, ABC irrespective of other optimization methods suitably optimized the controller parameters.

Response Time Based Resource Allocation According to Service Level Agreements in Cloud Computing

Cloud computing is a technology which offers various services as and when required by the user through various cloud providers. The scalable nature of cloud has made it to reach various domains and have a strong root in every organisation. The resource provisioning has become a challenging task for many cloud providers. This work proposes an efficient framework for handling storage, application and computation services, offering service level agreements (SLA) backed performance and uptime promises for their services in cloud computing. Further, this tries to benefit both the users as well as cloud providers by enhancing the features for the customers and by gaining profit for the providers. The proposed SLA-based resource provisioning system is found to perform better than the existing other resource provisioning systems in terms of response time and other QoS parameters.