Respect For Human Rights Research Articles

Ways to stimulate business towards socially responsible behavior and respect for human rights in the economic sphere

The article focuses on the growing role and importance of socially responsible business behavior. This is associated with a number of factors, such as the increasing ethical consciousness of society, the growing impact of business on the environment and people’s lives, and intensified competition in the market. It is noted that socially responsible business behavior involves respect for human rights, environmental protection, investment in human capital, and the fight against corruption. The purpose of the article is to explore and substantiate the ways to stimulate business towards socially responsible and respect human rights in the economic sphere. This goal is realized in the article by solving the following research tasks: the author analyzes the concept and essence of socially responsible business behavior and respect for human rights in international legal documents; defines the basic principles of socially responsible business behavior; studies the factors influencing the incentives for business towards socially responsible behavior; and develops and substantiates a complex of measures to stimulate business towards socially responsible behavior and respect for human rights. The author explores the role of business in society and the need to take into account social and ethical aspects in its activities. The author analyzes the impact of socially responsible behavior of business entities on economic development and positive impact on society as a whole. The expected results of the proposed measures are determined. The general conclusion of the article is that socially responsible business behavior and respect for human rights in the economic sphere are important components of sustainable development in modern society. Specific recommendations are proposed for enterprises to engage in these processes and maximize their social impact. The results of this study can be used to develop and implement state policy in the field of stimulating socially responsible business behavior, as well as for self-improvement of business entities.

Legal Protection for Suspects in the Investigation Process of Terrorism Criminal Acts in Order to Fulfill Human Rights n the Region of the Riau Islands Police

The background of this study is the high number of terrorism cases in Indonesia that require strict law enforcement measures but must still respect human rights. Legal protection for suspects in the investigation process is crucial to ensure a fair legal process and in accordance with human rights standards regulated in various laws and regulations, including the Criminal Procedure Code, Law No. 5 of 2018, the 1945 Constitution, and Law No. 39 of 1999.The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of legal protection for suspects of terrorism crimes in the Riau Islands Police area, identify obstacles faced in implementing this protection, and formulate solutions to overcome these obstacles. The research method used is the empirical legal method, with a qualitative approach involving data collection through interviews, observations, and document studies.The results of the study indicate that the implementation of legal protection for suspects in the Riau Islands Police area is still less than optimal. The main obstacles identified include abuse of authority by law enforcement officers, lack of resources and capacity, and social stigma and discrimination against suspects. Abuse of authority often occurs in the form of unprocedural arrests and detentions, while limited resources result in a lack of adequate equipment and training for officers. Social stigma worsens the situation by hindering fair and humane legal protection. Based on the results of the study, it is recommended that supervision and accountability for the actions of law enforcement officers be strengthened, training and capacity building for officers be carried out continuously, and anti-stigma education and campaigns be carried out for the community. These steps are expected to increase the effectiveness of human rights protection for suspects, so that the process of investigating terrorism crimes can be carried out more fairly and in accordance with the principles of law and justice.

Eksternalisasi Penerapan Hukuman Mati Terorisme dalam Perspektif Pidana Islam: Studi Komparasi Indonesia dan Mesir

As part of the global community, the death penalty for terrorism should ideally comply with international standards that respect human rights and justice. However, in Indonesia and Egypt, the implementation of the death penalty is often influenced by external and internal factors that deviate from these principles. This study aims to analyze how externalization affects the implementation of the death penalty for terrorism from the perspective of Islamic criminal law in Indonesia and Egypt. This article is classified as library research with a qualitative approach. The methodology used is a comparative study explained through descriptive analysis. The findings show that both countries are influenced by external pressures, with Indonesia experiencing tension between national policies and international standards, while Egypt struggles to balance Sharia principles with global demands. Although there are similarities in the impact of externalization, differences in implementation reflect the diversity of responses to international pressure within the context of Islamic criminal law.

Environmental Security, Environmental Crime and National Security

In this paper we address environmental security, environmental crime and national security, which are important issues for the individual, society and the state. In this situation, we would be interested to look at the level of environmental security, environmental crime situation and the connection these two have with national security. Last decades have shown serious environmental damage and environmental security, despite the legal and criminal measures taken by the government and the state. This disturbing phenomenon remains a major problem for solution. Further we analyzed the legal framework for environmental protection, criminal offenses against the environment, the necessity of "insurance" environmental security. From the analysis results that environmental security and environmental crime threaten the national security of our country. The paper also presents some conclusions and recommendations for a more successful environmental security solution and respect for human rights and freedoms for the protection of the environment. Environmental protection through criminal legislation, criminal law and environmental law, required to be realized in accordance with international standards, resolutely fighting corruption and organized environmental crime.

Technologies of Data Protection and Institutional Decisions for Data Sovereignty

This paper aims to propose innovative actions of advanced technological solutions and consequent necessary institutional decisions to achieve in a reasonable time the definitive confidential data protection and data sovereignty, based on available scientific results. Confidential data protection is a fundamental and strategic issue in next-generation Internet systems to guarantee data sovereignty and the respect of human rights as stated in the foundation of the United Nations. Even if presently many international regulations are decisive steps to guarantee data protection within normative contexts, they are not adequate to face new technologies, such as facial recognition, automatic profiling, position tracking, biometric data, AI applications, and many others in the future, as they are implemented without any awareness by the interested subjects. Therefore, a new approach to data protection is mandatory based on innovative and disruptive technological solutions. A recent OECD report highlighted the need for the so-called Privacy-Enhancing Technologies (PETs) for the effective protection of confidential data, even more urgent for the coexistence of privacy and data sharing in international contexts. A common feature of these technologies is the use of software methodologies that can run on currently available microprocessors and their present immaturity. More effective and definitive protection can be achieved with another methodological approach based on the paradigm of ‘Data Usage Control’. This new concept guarantees data protection policy by default and initial design and it requires a new architecture of the data and a new HW&SW architecture of the computers. This contribution has a two-fold objective: first, to clarify why regulations alone and present technological proposals are not adequate for the effective and definitive protection of data and, second, to indicate the new necessary technological approach and the simultaneous institutional actions required to achieve the definitive protection and sovereignty of data in reasonable times, based on the results already available in the scientific literature.

Supporting human factors and ergonomics professionals in anticipating future work changes in response to the anthropocene

Ergonomics is evolving towards including a broader consideration of ecological and political factors in the design of work environments by adopting an interconnected systems paradigm, highlighting the importance of considering the ecological and political impacts of business. The emergence of ‘green ergonomics’ encourages sustainable human systems integrated in their natural environment, while respecting ethical values such as respect for human rights and diversity. On the one hand, this is leading to new areas of ergonomic research and intervention, such as energy management and corporate CSR, and on the other, to the need to develop specific skills to anticipate the future in innovative ways. For Human Factors and Ergonomics professionals (HF&E professionals), this means adopting prospective approaches that incorporate tools and methods to promote foresight, as well as creativity to imagine potential future work activities.

Administrative legal principles of human rights-based approach by the police

One of the priority tasks of reforming law enforcement agencies is to build a preventive mechanism based on the observance of human and civil rights and freedoms, protection of society from violence and discrimination, and creation of barrier-free space for people with limited mobility. The multidimensional nature and complexity of the issues requiring statutory regulation in these areas determine the relevance of the subject under study. The purpose of this study was to model the administrative legal mechanism of police activity in which human rights would be optimally and effectively implemented. To fulfil this purpose, the methodology used included a combination of comparative rule-making, system analysis, internal and external induction, constructive cognition and content analysis. It was found that the observance of human rights in police activities is inextricably linked to the implementation of the rule of law and the provision of protective police services. Numerous cases of violations revealed during journalistic investigations and widely discussed by the public have become one of the reasons for the rapid decline in public trust in state law enforcement institutions, and as a result, a substantial obstacle to Ukraine’s integration into the European space. The study analysed the key reasons affecting the effectiveness of administrative legal strategies for ensuring a human rights-based approach in the practical activities of the National Police bodies (units). Specifically, these include transition processes related to the harmonisation of national legislation with international and European standards, low level of material and social security of police officers, insufficient level of professionalism, influence of negative environment, narrow understanding of administrative legal activities in the field of human rights related to the prevention of administrative and criminal offences. The study concluded that the principles of the rule of law, respect for human rights and freedoms and partnership-based interaction with the public are crucial and interrelated in the preventive activities of police. The study outlined the key areas of improvement of national legislation in the field of development and/or optimisation of administrative legal systems for ensuring the functioning of organisational, technical, information, and economic resources as guarantees of the implementation of the declared constitutional rights and freedoms. The results of this study can be used to formulate and improve the norms of national legislation that regulate the activities of law enforcement agencies and determine the content of its guidelines

Models of care and relevance of territorial management in assisting persons with epilepsy

Epilepsy is a widespread social disease that affects people of all ages and often involves both diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties. Beyond seizure control, it is necessary to ensure people with epilepsy a good quality of life and respect for human rights, seeking to increase self-management capacity and break down stigma. People with epilepsy should have privileged access to specialized epilepsy centers, where multidisciplinary care is possible. These centers, organized by different levels of complexity, should be uniformly distributed throughout the country and networked together. The scientific community and health care organizations must therefore design all necessary strategies so that knowledge about epilepsy improves among the general population and the most effective pathways of care are effectively implemented.

Perubahan Hukum Tata Negara di Indonesia Setelah Amandemen UUD 1945

The 1945 Constitution has undergone four amendments. These amendments have brought significant changes to Indonesia's constitutional law. They encompass the transformation of the state from a unitary to a unitary state with broad autonomy, a shift in the governmental system from presidential to parliamentary-presidential, alterations in the presidential and vice-presidential election systems, changes in the judicial system, and modifications in the party system. This research aims to examine the changes in Indonesia's constitutional law following the amendments to the 1945 Constitution. Additionally, it seeks to analyze the impacts of these changes on Indonesia's constitutional system. The research employs a normative legal method, examining primary legal materials such as the 1945 Constitution and other related legislation concerning constitutional law. Furthermore, secondary legal materials such as books, articles, and journals related to constitutional law are also scrutinized. Based on the research findings, the alterations in Indonesia's constitutional law after the amendments to the 1945 Constitution have significantly impacted Indonesia's constitutional system, making it more democratic and ensuring greater respect for human rights.

The Power of Artificial Intelligence for Improved Patient Outcomes, Ethical Practices and Overcoming Challenges

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing healthcare by enhancing patient outcomes, reducing costs, and increasing the efficiency of medical professionals. This mini-review explores the diverse applications of AI in healthcare, including disease diagnosis, personalized treatment plans, and patient survival rate predictions. AI technologies such as Machine Learning (ML), deep learning, Natural Language Processing (NLP), and Robotic Process Automation (RPA) are becoming integral to modern healthcare practices. These technologies enable early disease detection, particularly in cases like cancer, by analyzing medical images and patient data, leading to more effective and personalized treatment strategies. Additionally, AI can predict patient outcomes by analyzing large datasets from electronic health records, providing valuable insights that can inform clinical decisions. However, the integration of AI in healthcare also presents significant ethical challenges. Issues such as data privacy, algorithmic bias, lack of transparency, and the potential for increased health inequalities need to be addressed. The World Health Organization (WHO) has provided guidelines emphasizing the ethical use of AI, highlighting the importance of designing AI systems that respect human rights and promote equity. As AI continues to advance, it is crucial to ensure its responsible and transparent use to maximize benefits and minimize risks. This review underscores the transformative potential of AI in healthcare while calling for vigilant ethical considerations to ensure that AI technologies are implemented in a manner that enhances patient care and upholds ethical standards.

Humanización y conocimiento: la caricia más hermosa del cuidado enfermero a pacientes viviendo con VIH

The objective of this opinion article is to raise awareness about humanized care and the importance of knowledge about the diagnosis in order to provide comprehensive care and treatment to patients living with HIV/AIDS. Nowadays, the lack of human connection is a challenge for the nursing professional, so the humanized care provided to patients living with HIV (PLWHA) should not only be practiced in the Sexually Transmitted Infections Strategy ( STI) - HIV/AIDS and Hepatitis B, but in all the services of a hospital where a patient with this reality is treated, a problem that is evident every day when visiting patients living with HIV, admitted to the services. of hospitalization or who go to the hospital to be treated on an outpatient basis, where the nursing professionals who work in these areas often do not demonstrate empathy with the patient, feeling even in this century, stigma and discrimination in their care, and everything is given by a backbone fact: ignorance. Therefore, it is concluded that undergraduate training in the professional nursing career should begin, not only strengthening knowledge about the prevention of sexually transmitted infections, but also the importance of providing comprehensive care to patients. patients living with HIV/AIDS, breaking prejudice, since the holistic and humanistic vision of care must be the foundation in the training of students, being the engine of change to mold the nursing professional by providing dignified, quality care, with knowledge, based on values, promoting a culture of respect for human rights with a gender focus, to eliminate the stigma and discrimination associated with the infection.

ETSI’s legitimacy as an ESO in times of crisis: commentary on Volpato and Eliantonio, Temple and De Vries

This commentary reflects on the contributions by Volpato and Eliantonio, Temple and De Vries, which focus on the important question of the legitimacy of ETSI’s governance. The authors discuss different concepts of legitimacy, confirming its multifaceted character. The commentary sheds light on their relevance to discussions about ETSI's responses and adaptations to the European Union’s demands and expectations set out in the European Union Standardization Strategy. This commentary contributes to this discussion by offering a dynamic account of legitimacy and illuminates how legitimacy demands and dynamics manifest in decision-making processes within ETSI. ETSI only to a certain degree has ceased the opportunity presented by the Standardization Strategy to increase its legitimacy by enhancing its responsiveness to societal stakeholders. Questions are raised for further research about ETSI’s autonomy, the consequences of current and ongoing decision-making for ETSI’s legitimacy, as perceived by the European Commission and other stakeholders, and ETSI’s relative influence and authority in the wider standardization field. It is argued that ETSI's upholding of European values, including respect for human rights, should be a measure of ETSI's legitimacy and rulemaking influence as a European standardization organization within Europe, and globally.

Reliability and Factor Structure of the Well-Being and Respect for Human Rights Questionnaire in Measuring Caregivers' Perception.

This study has investigated perceptions of respect for users' rights among informal caregivers in mental healthcare settings, aligning with the guidelines outlined in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) and the World Health Organization QualityRights initiative. The study has employed the questionnaire on Well-being at Work and Respect for Human Rights (WWRR) among informal caregivers and tested whether the questionnaire's factor structure among informal caregivers aligns with that of users and health workers. We have hypothesized that informal caregivers prioritize users' needs and rights over the care context's climate. This was a cross-sectional study. The "Well-being at Work and Respect for Human Rights" questionnaire was distributed to 100 caregivers in 4 territorial mental health facilities in Sardinia, Italy. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was utilized to assess the participants' responses. Participants reported high satisfaction with their relatives' treatment, perceiving a high level of respect for human rights among users and healthcare professionals. However, they highlighted insufficient resources for services, particularly the need for additional staff. CFA revealed that a scale with the first five items demonstrated good reliability, convergent validity, and discrimination. Mean scores indicated high satisfaction and perception of respect for human rights across the sample, with no significant differences by age or gender. Satisfaction with users' rights is closely correlated with other factors comprising the notion of organizational well-being within a healthcare service.

Educação em Presídios Brasileiros: Garantia de Direitos e Transformação de Vidas

Education within the Brazilian prison system is a measure of respect for human rights and a strategy to promote social reintegration and reduce criminal recidivism. Despite legislative advancements and promising initiatives such as the National Program for Education in Prisons (PNEP), there are still challenges to be overcome to ensure effective access and quality education for inmates. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of educational policies implemented in Brazilian prisons, focusing on identifying the main obstacles faced and best practices that have the potential to transform the lives of individuals deprived of liberty. The research utilizes a qualitative approach, including literature review, document analysis, and study of educational initiatives in prisons from different regions of the country.

Informal caregivers compared with users and health workers on well-being and respect for human rights in mental health care services.

This study aimed to measure differences among informal caregivers, users, and mental healthcare workers (MHW) regarding job/organizational satisfaction and perceptions of respect for rights in the mental health services of one region of Italy. A sample of 100 caregivers, 240 MHW, and 200 users completed the "Well-Being at Work and Respect for Human Rights Questionnaire" (WWRR) in community mental health centers in Sardinia. Caregivers reported higher satisfaction toward MHW on perceiving respect for human rights among users (5.2 ± 1.0 vs 5.1 ± 1.1, p < 0.0001) and health professionals (5.3 ± 0.8 vs 4.5 ± 1.3, p < 0.0001) and organization well-being (5.1 ± 1.2 vs 3.9 ± 1.3, p < 0.0001); toward users about respect of rights of MHW (5.3 ± 0.8 vs 4.9 ± 1.2, p < 0.0001) and both toward users and MHW on dissatisfaction on resources (p < 0.0001). Caregivers strongly highlighted insufficient resources for services. Despite caregiver satisfaction, resource deficiencies signal a critical juncture in Italian mental health care. Continued cuts in healthcare spending, especially in mental health, raise concerns for future outcomes.

Migration as a Securitized Phenomenon: An Analysis of the Societal Security in Terms of EU Perception

In the 21st century, the diversification of communication and transportation opportunities has not only facilitated regular migration movements but also led to changes in the volume and dimensions of irregular migration. Migrants not only significantly influence the demographic, sociological, and economic structures of the countries they move to but have also become subjects of security concerns. Member countries of the European Union (EU) are targeted by migration movements due to attractive factors such as high living and working conditions, economic prosperity, and governance styles that respect human rights. Claims that migrants threaten the societal security of the EU by affecting its language, religion, cultural values, traditions, and national identities have become frequent topics of discussion in political and academic circles. In this regard, the main aim of the study is to determine whether migration poses a threat to the societal security of the EU or if such a perception exists in EU society. The findings indicate a strong perception in EU society that migration constitutes a threat to societal security.

The Relationship between Discrimination Victim Experience and Discriminatory Behavior among Elementary School Students: The Mediation Effect of Depression and the Moderated Mediation Effect of Perceived Respect for Human Rights

The Relationship between Discrimination Victim Experience and Discriminatory Behavior among Elementary School Students: The Mediation Effect of Depression and the Moderated Mediation Effect of Perceived Respect for Human Rights

Security as a Public Value

Purpose: Security would seem to constitute the most fundamental public value, and is intrinsically linked with the right to life. Keeping the public safe from internal and external threats is the primary function of governments and states. At the level of global governance, systemic security, and a guarantee of freedom from existential threats for sovereign states, lie at the heart of international law, international organizations, and the normative rules of coexistence. Yet the definition of security has evolved over time. The proliferation of threats to security, and spillover between them, has seen an expansion along the X-axis of issues. Meanwhile, consideration of an increasingly broad hierarchy of the subjects of security (those for whom security should be provided) has seen expansion along the Y-axis of referent objects in two directions from the state - upwards towards international communities and ultimately to the global biosphere, and downwards peoples, communities, and vulnerable groups and individuals. A combination of these perspectives has manifested in three of the gravest crises to face domestic and international governance policymakers: the COVID-19 pandemic, climate change, and the global humanitarian crisis of refugees and forced migrants. This paper traces the evolution of security public values and reflects the emergence of a holistic conceptualization of governance prescription in response. Method: This research project used a qualitative approach consisting of literature review and document analysis. The results of this study should be supplemented by quantitative and qualitative studies in the future. The literature review consists of a comprehensive assessment of scholarly academic publications from competing perspectives in the fields of political and moral philosophy, public administration, and international relations. The document survey is mainly related to the policy documentation output of national governments and international organizations, as well as media reports. Results: The research identifies how the exponential growth of security challenges, and their interlocking and cross-contaminating nature, has rendered traditional modalities anachronistic. It identifies how conceptualizations of what constitutes ‘security’ have steadily expanded to include a greater focus on human beings as the referent object, and to include a broader range of ‘threats’ to these referent objects. Questions related to state and systemic security remain relevant and interact with human-centric issues and perspectives in an increasingly complex web of insecurities. Global governance policymaking has likewise expanded to encompass non-traditional security (NTS) issues, but in doing so has shone a spotlight on the controversial dualistic nature of international organizations. In 2005, United Nations (UN) Secretary-General Kofi Annan referenced the interrelatedness of the three pillars of the UN by noting “we will not enjoy security without development, development without security, and neither without respect for human rights. Unless all these causes are advanced, none will succeed.” In doing so he neatly encapsulated the progress made by the evolution of security and governance conceptualizations, as well as ongoing challenges. Policy prescription and obligations for those who govern, therefore, must increasingly consider spillover between these diverse agendas. This has been reflected in the newly emerging discourse on the humanitarian-development-peace nexus (HDPN). The article assesses not only the promise of the HDPN, but also continued shortcomings in terms of how it is currently operationalized at the global level, two decades after Annan’s original call to action for a more integrated and human-centered approach to security and governance.

Traditional Legal Concepts under Fire? Business and Human Rights at the International, National and EU Levels

Abstract Over the past decade, business actors, in particular transnational corporations, have been increasingly called to respect human rights and environmental standards in their own operations and in their supply chains. However, the idea of obliging companies to respect human rights throughout their supply chains requires legal changes at international, EU and national levels that have proved hard to achieve. A common explanation for the slow progress in these areas is the strong lobbying of global economic players who successfully obstruct the necessary legal reforms. Conversely, the present contribution aims to show that one of the reasons for the slow progress in adopting the necessary legal reforms is that imposing such obligations on companies may challenge certain traditional legal concepts of international law, as well as the public, civil and criminal laws of many, if not most, countries around the world, and critically examines the response of different legal systems to these legal challenges.

Konsep dan Urgensi Demokrasi yang Bersumber dari Pancasila

Pancasila as the basis of the Indonesian state contains fundamental values ​​that reflect the aspirations and ideals of the nation. In the context of democracy, Pancasila emphasizes the importance of people's sovereignty, social justice, and respect for human rights. The concept of democracy originating from Pancasila prioritizes deliberation and consensus, which reflects a culture of mutual cooperation and kinship. The urgency of Pancasila democracy lies in its ability to maintain diversity, maintain unity, and ensure transparent and accountable government. Thus, the implementation of democracy based on Pancasila can be a solution to various political and social challenges in Indonesia, as well as creating a more just and prosperous social order.