Resource Model Research Articles

Tibetan Plateau Runoff and Evapotranspiration Dataset by an observation-constrained cryosphere-hydrology model

Runoff and evapotranspiration (ET) are pivotal constituents of the water, energy, and carbon cycles. This research presents a 5-km monthly gridded runoff and ET dataset for 1998–2017, encompassing seven headwaters of Tibetan Plateau rivers (Yellow, Yangtze, Mekong, Salween, Brahmaputra, Ganges, and Indus) (hereinafter TPRED). The dataset was generated using the advanced cryosphere-hydrology model WEB-DHM, yielding a Nash coefficient ranging from 0.77 to 0.93 when compared to the observed discharges. The findings indicate that TPRED’s monthly runoff notably outperforms existing datasets in capturing hydrological patterns, as evidenced by robust metrics such as the correlation coefficient (CC) (0.944–0.995), Bias (−0.68-0.53), and Root Mean Square Error (5.50–15.59 mm). Additionally, TPRED’s monthly ET estimates closely align with expected seasonal fluctuations, as reflected by a CC ranging from 0.94 to 0.98 when contrasted with alternative ET products. Furthermore, TPRED’s annual values exhibit commendable concordance with operational products across multiple dimensions. Ultimately, the TPRED will have great application on hydrometeorology, carbon transport, water management, hydrological modeling, and sustainable development of water resources.

Development of a Model of Care resource for FASD in the justice system

ABSTRACT This article describes the development of a Model of Care (MoC) resource to support youth involved with the justice system where a neurodevelopmental disability such as Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) is suspected. Service staff within the Youth Justice sector were engaged in an iterative process of resource development over a 9-month period. A reference group was established for feedback at each stage, expert advice was sought from the Australian and New Zealand FASD Clinical Network. Five phases of iterative resource development occurred; the first three covered function, form and content of the resource while iterations 4 and 5 mainly pertained to usability. Referral pathway schematics, poster style resources and a user manual were developed and distributed to Youth Justice affiliated organizations. The aim is for the resource to assist in early and appropriate intervention and support for youth with suspected neurodevelopmental disabilities involved in the justice system.

The impact of flexible work arrangements on an older grieving population

PurposeAge-inclusive management practices are crucial for addressing the needs of the older workforce, but there is limited research on these practices. One underexplored area is how workplaces can support older employees dealing with the loss of a loved one. The psychological process of loss differs for older employees and can have adverse effects on their ability to perform in the workplace. The purpose of this paper is to explore how workplaces can provide the necessary tools to support their older grieving employees.Design/methodology/approachThis conceptual paper draws on the job-demand resource model and signaling theory to investigate how flexible work arrangements can support older employees after a bereavement and contribute to optimal employee performance.FindingsFlexible work arrangements are theorized to lead to optimal performance via informational support. An ethical climate and stronger cultural competencies are proposed to strengthen this relationship. A theoretical framework is presented for a comprehensive research approach.Originality/valueThis paper advances the current understanding of age-inclusive management and offers a novel perspective on the benefits of flexible working arrangements.

Optimal scheduling of flexible grid-side resources and auxiliary service cost allocation model considering renewable-energy penetration

Abstract Renewable energy has penetrated power grid enterprises on a large scale. Due to the intermittency and volatility of renewable energy generation, it is necessary to build new flexible grid-side resources to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power grid, which will cause great pressure on cost allocation for power grid enterprises. This article considers four types of flexible grid-side resources and constructs a dual-level configuration optimization model for flexible grid-side resources under the penetration of renewable energy. Based on the configuration results, the cost scale of flexible grid-side resources is estimated and an improved ancillary service cost allocation model based on the Shapley value method is proposed to smooth the allocation of ancillary service costs in the cost of flexible grid-side resources between the two main bodies of renewable energy and load. The calculation results show that, when the penetration rate of renewable-energy power is 30% and 35%, respectively, the cost of flexible grid-side resources is 9.606 billion yuan and 21.518 billion yuan, respectively. The proportion of ancillary service costs allocated to load is relatively high—about five times that of the ancillary service costs allocated to renewable energy—and the higher the penetration rate of renewable energy, the higher the proportion of ancillary service costs allocated to renewable energy.

NPP accident prevention: Integrated neural network for coupled multivariate time series prediction based on PSO and its application under uncertainty analysis for NPP data

Due to the requirement of a cleaner, more sustainable form of energy production and the rapid development of DT, nuclear energy needs to be digital transformed. This paper aims at the time series prediction module of DT in NPP. Despite the widespread application of time series forecasting in various domains, the inherent uncertainties within the data and the selection of neural network hyperparameters pose a formidable challenge to accurate predictions. This study proposes a coupled multivariate prediction method and conducts a comparative analysis of three popular time series forecasting models: LSTM, CNN-LSTM, and Transformer. PSO hyperparameter optimization is also employed, accompanied by multiple error calculation metrics for model evaluation. It is noteworthy that the experimental data employed in this study are derived from the real operation process of a Gen II + reactor in the Chinese mainland, which is in the off-site power loss accident condition. Simultaneously, adopting a smaller training dataset proportion contributes to striking a balance among resource utilization, model performance, and experimental efficiency in the research. Experimental results unequivocally demonstrate that among these models, Transformer excels in multi-input multi-output time series forecasting. Moreover, uncertainty analysis using Bayesian generates a forecast band, proving the robustness of Transformer.

Comprehensive impact assessment on resource and environment of emerging recycling technologies for waste materials: Evidence from waste rare earth phosphors recycling

The recycling of waste materials has dual attributes of resource and environment, and current technical evaluation methods are difficult to balance the comprehensive impact of resource and environment, failing to meet the selection requirements of emerging recycling technologies. Focusing on the emerging recycling technology for rare earth phosphors, we developed a resource and environment composite assessment model, employing emergy accounting principles to uniformly quantify resource inputs and environmental impacts. The results indicated that the composite emergy of resource and environment of the recycling technologies is reduced by over 89.05 % compared to that of natural ores development technology. Moreover, the synergistic recycling of zinc (Zn) along with yttrium oxide (Y2O3) achieves an additional emergy reduction by 88.37 %. The resource emergy of natural ores development technology accounts for 95.15 %, indicating its heavy reliance on resource depletion. Due to the utilization of various chemicals, the recycling technologies exhibit stronger environment attribute.

High-resolution estimates of water availability for the Iberian Peninsula under climate scenarios

Water availability is of paramount importance for sustainable development and environmental planning, specifically in regions such as the Iberian Peninsula, renowned for diverse landscapes and varying climatic conditions. Due to climate change, understanding the potential impacts on water resources becomes essential for effective water management strategies. This research effort aims to assess future potential water availability for the Iberian Peninsula in different climate scenarios, employing cutting-edge water resource modelling techniques integrated within a geographic information system (GIS) framework. In this study, potential water availability is defined as the annual demand for water that can be satisfied at a specific point in the fluvial network with certain reliability. An ensemble of state-of-the-art climate models is utilised to project runoff for the Iberian Peninsula during the mid- and late-twenty-first century periods. These climate projections were subsequently processed using the GIS-based water resource management model, WAAPA, to derive potential water availability under a range of realistic hypotheses. The results indicate that anticipated shifts in precipitation patterns will lead to alterations in hydrological regimes across the region, significantly impacting future water availability. By using GIS-based methodologies, we can facilitate the identification of vulnerable areas susceptible to changes in water availability, offering spatially explicit information along the main rivers of the Iberian Peninsula for decision-makers and stakeholders. High-resolution spatial outputs from this research and detailed water availability estimates serve as valuable input for integrated water resource management and climate change adaptation planning. By combining advanced GIS-based hydrological modelling with climate scenarios, this research presents a robust framework for assessing water resources amidst a changing climate, applicable to other regions struggling with analogous challenges. Ultimately, our study provides vital insights for policymakers and stakeholders, empowering them to make informed decisions and devise adaptive measures to ensure sustainable use of water resources despite uncertain future climatic conditions.

A national-scale hybrid model for enhanced streamflow estimation – consolidating a physically based hydrological model with long short-term memory (LSTM) networks

Abstract. Accurate streamflow estimation is essential for effective water resource management and adapting to extreme events in the face of changing climate conditions. Hydrological models have been the conventional approach for streamflow interpolation and extrapolation in time and space for the past few decades. However, their large-scale applications have encountered challenges, including issues related to efficiency, complex parameterization, and constrained performance. Deep learning methods, such as long short-term memory (LSTM) networks, have emerged as a promising and efficient approach for large-scale streamflow estimation. In this study, we have conducted a series of experiments to identify optimal hybrid modeling schemes to consolidate physically based models with LSTM aimed at enhancing streamflow estimation in Denmark. The results show that the hybrid modeling schemes outperformed the Danish National Water Resources Model (DKM) in both gauged and ungauged basins. While the standalone LSTM rainfall–runoff model outperformed DKM in many basins, it faced challenges when predicting the streamflow in groundwater-dependent catchments. A serial hybrid modeling scheme (LSTM-q), which used DKM outputs and climate forcings as dynamic inputs for LSTM training, demonstrated higher performance. LSTM-q improved the mean Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) by 0.22 in gauged basins and 0.12 in ungauged basins compared to DKM. Similar accuracy improvements were achieved with alternative hybrid schemes, i.e., by predicting the residuals between DKM-simulated streamflow and observations using LSTM. Moreover, the developed hybrid models enhanced the accuracy of extreme events, which encourages the integration of hybrid models within an operational forecasting framework. This study highlights the advantages of synergizing existing physically based hydrological models (PBMs) with LSTM models, and the proposed hybrid schemes hold the potential to achieve high-quality large-scale streamflow estimations.

A two-stage optimization configuration model for multi-type flexible resource considering spatiotemporal response characteristics

As China gradually transitions towards a low-carbon energy structure, the proportion of grid-connected new energy sources like wind and solar power continues to increase. To ensure the safe and reliable operation of the power system while meeting the capacity planning for future new energy installations, there is a need for flexible resources with corresponding adjustment capabilities in the power system. In response to this situation, this paper presents an optimization model for the allocation of multiple types of flexible resources that takes into account spatiotemporal response characteristics. Firstly, a flexibility evaluation model is developed based on spatial and temporal response characteristics. Flexibility evaluation indices, such as flexibility average deficit and flexibility coverage index, are constructed. These indices are used for screening nodes with inadequate flexibility in the power system and analyzing the flexibility adequacy at various nodes. Next, the adjustment characteristics of multiple types of flexible resources are analyzed, and a model for their adjustment capabilities is established. Finally, by considering constraints based on time flexibility evaluation indices, a two-stage optimization model for flexible resource allocation is constructed. This model leverages the multiscale matching characteristics between flexibility resources and the fluctuation patterns of new energy sources to guide the allocation of flexible resources at nodes with insufficient flexibility. The effectiveness and applicability of the proposed flexible resource allocation method are validated using the IEEE 9-node system.

A Pragmatic Analysis of Conversational Implicatures in English Drama and their Role in Teaching Critical Literacy

This study aims to explore the role of conversational implicatures in English drama in developing students’ critical literacy. It identified conversational implicatures conveyed by characters of the selected drama texts, provided possible interpretations of the implicatures basing on Grice’s Cooperative Principle maxims, and critically analyzed the role of conversational implicatures in English drama in developing students’ critical literacy. The data were collected from the implicatures conveyed by the characters of two selected drama texts. These are ‘Family Abuse’ by Bernard Mersier and ‘The Edge’ by Paul Symonloe. Grice’s pragmatic theory of Cooperative Principle and its maxims were used to identify and interpret conversational implicatures in the selected drama texts. Forty-two (42) conversational implicatures were identified from these texts. These implicatures were categorized into types basing on the four conversational maxims, and each conversational implicature was taken as data. Using Grice’s interpretive model and the social context of the drama, what the characters implied by their utterances were explained together with the reasons for the implicatures. The Luke and Freebody’s four resources model of critical literacy was then used to study the role of conversational implicatures in English drama in developing students’ critical literacy. The study concluded that conversational implicatures in English drama develop students’ critical literacy by enabling them to study a drama text from a social angle and evaluate the social aspects that may have influenced the meaning of the characters ‘utterances. Therefore, it was suggested that drama texts should be used in language teaching and learning as they ease the teaching of conversational implicatures which can foster the development of students’ critical literacy.

Work–life balance among higher-education professionals in Hong Kong and Thailand during the COVID-19 pandemic

In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, the global workforce, including higher-education professionals, experienced substantial changes in their working conditions. Responding to the crisis, universities swiftly adapted their operational modes, thus inevitably impacting the work–life balance (WLB) of their staff. This study examines the WLB factors and their outcomes for higher-education staff, among both teaching and non-teaching staff, in Hong Kong and Thailand, during the initial stages of the pandemic through the lens of the job demands and resources model (JD-R model). The results of 1800 questionnaires completed by respondents from government-funded universities in both locations revealed a significant difference in the WLB between the two cases, with the Hong Kong respondents reporting lower levels of WLB compared with their Thai counterparts. The Hong Kong teaching staff exhibited a higher utilization of family-friendly policies (FFPs), whereas the non-teaching staff reported significantly lower levels of both policy utilization and overall WLB. The results also revealed significant differences in terms of how work, family, and personal-resource and demand factors were correlated to the WLB outcomes. This study advocates for tailored adjustments in university policies, basing the policies on the specific staff category and emphasizing the need for targeted support. In the Hong Kong context, attention should be directed toward enhancing WLB and FFP utilization among non-teaching staff. In contrast, in Thailand, a focus on refining the policies to better support the WLB of teaching staff is recommended.

Migration of humans fleeing conflict in the Lake Chad region may increase pressures on natural resources in Lake Fitri (Chad): A case study on waterbirds

Abstract Sustainable harvest of wildlife is a major food security and conservation issue. In Africa, where wildlife is harvested mainly for subsistence, this remains a challenge. In this study, using waterbirds as model for natural resources, we assessed the sustainability of harvest through fishing bycatch on Lake Fitri (Chad). We estimated the abundance of 24 target taxa through aerial distance sampling over four consecutive years (2018–2021) and in parallel estimated the number of birds harvested through interviews of a sample of 105 out of approximately 5500 fishermen. By modelling their potential excess growth, we found a high risk of overexploitation for four species, including the world‐threatened Black Crowned Crane Balearica pavonina, likely due to an influx of fishermen to Lake Fitri fleeing the Boko Haram security crisis. Synthesis and applications: This work is likely the first quantitative approach of bird harvest sustainability in Africa. It should contribute to fill a methodological and an information gap in the strategic planification of several multilateral environmental agreements like the African‐Eurasian Waterbird Agreement and the Ramsar Convention. In particular, this work could help implementing adaptive management of natural resources (including birds) in Ramsar site management plans. African wetlands such as Lake Fitri may not be able to provide enough natural resources in the medium term for movements of displaced civilians forced by armed conflict into such biodiversity strongholds.

Ist informelle Telearbeit eine Gefahr für die Vereinbarkeit von Erwerbsarbeit und Familie? Ein Vergleich der Implikationen von formeller und informeller Telearbeit für Vereinbarkeitskonflikte

AbstractThe study analyses the relationship between formal and informal telework and work-family conflicts using the job-demands and resources (JD-R) model. Previously, the model has more frequently been applied to understand the implications of telework without distinguishing between formal telework and informal telework outside contracted working hours. We conducted cross-sectional OLS-regressions on pilot data from the European Social Survey compiled in 2019. The results show that formal telework is associated with fewer, and informal telework with more work-family conflicts. While formal telework appears as a resource, informal telework rather functions as a demand. Additional analyses report that formal teleworkers are nevertheless at risk of work-family conflicts because formal telework often goes hand in hand with informal telework and, thus, work-family conflicts.Practical Relevance: While formal telework can facilitate the reconciliation of work and family life, employees are at risk of counteracting this dynamic when telework is conducted informally during paid or unpaid overtime. The findings suggest that it is important for managers, HR managers and employees to be aware of the potentials and risks of frequent teleworking that come with the ability to work anytime and anywhere in order to avoid unintended consequences. In this context, an organisational culture that values adherence to schedules and ‘switching off’ at the end of the workday, even under conditions of high workloads and low personnel resources, can be beneficial.

Summary of evidence on prevention and management of bladder dysfunction in patients after radical hysterectomy.

To retrieve, analyse and summarize the relevant evidence on the prevention and management of bladder dysfunction in patients with cervical ancer after radical hysterectomy. Overview of systematic reviews. 11 databases were searched for relevant studies from top to bottom according to the '6S' model of evidence-based resources. Two independent reviewers selected the articles, extracted the data and appraised the quality of the included reviews based on different types of evaluation tools. A total of 13 studies were identified, including four clinical consultants, four guidelines, four systematic reviews and one randomized controlled trial. 29 best evidence were summarized from five aspects, including definition, risk factors, assessment, prevention and management.

Comparison of bulk snow density measurements using different methods

Snow density is one of the basic properties used to describe snow cover characteristics, and it is critical for remote sensing retrieval, water resources assessment and modeling inputs. There are many instruments available to measure snow density in situ. However, there are measurement errors of snow density for bulk and layers or gravimetric and electronic instruments, which may affect the accuracy of remote sensing retrieval and model simulation. Especially in China, due to the noticeable heterogeneity of snowpacks, it is necessary to evaluate in detail the performance and applicability of snow density instruments in different snowpack conditions. This study evaluated the performance of different snow density instruments: the Federal Sampler, the model VS–43 snow density cylinder (VS–43), the wedge snow density cutter (WC1000 and WC250), and the Snow Fork. The average bulk snow density of all instrument measurements was set as the reference value for evaluation. The results showed that as compared with the reference, the VS–43 cylinder presented the best performance for bulk snow density measurement in the measured range with the lowest RMSE (11 kg m−3), BIAS (3 kg m−3), and MRE (1.6%). For layer observation, bulk snow density was overestimated by 8.1% with WC1000 and underestimated by 11.4% with Snow Fork which was the worst performance compared with the reference value, and there were greater measurement errors of snow density in the depth hoar than other snow layers. Compared with grassland, the uncertainty of snow density measurements was slightly lower in forests. Overall, the Federal Sampler and VS–43 cylinder are more suitable for bulk snow density measurement in deep snowpack regions across China, and it is recommended to use WC1000, WC250 and Snow Fork to measure the snow density of snow layers in the snow stratigraphy.

Systems Engineering Application for Better Design and Analysis of an Assembly Process

AbstractThe use of systems engineering has proven effective in managing complexity and improving system design. Model based system engineering utilizing the Systems Modeling Language (SysML) especially helps in multidisciplinary environments where engineering data needs to be transformed and integrated between environments. Manufacturing is another discipline same as systems engineering is on active digitalization transformation. In the paper, we propose method and solution to apply Model based system engineering (MBSE) for improvement of process planning of assembly lines leveraging model based approach. SysML modeling and execution enable automation of analysis activities as trade‐off, where the behavior of various assembly scenarios of an assembly line can be captured using SysML behavioral diagrams and compared based on various evaluation criteria. However, relying solely on descriptive SysML system models without integrating the virtual representation of the assembly line is insufficient to verify all aspects of system behavior, such as ergonomics and collision avoidance. The main objective of this work is to present a concept for transforming SysML assembly scenarios into the process and resources models of the computer‐aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) environment. This yields a holistic view that serves as a foundation for further production‐related simulations and analyses, enhancing efficiency, ergonomic design, factory layout, and material flow, ensuring effective assembly workstation design optimized at systems engineering level.

Exploring the Role of Perceived Supervisor Support: A Serial Mediation of Approach Job Crafting and Thriving at Work in Enhancing Job Satisfaction

The purposeof this study is to explore the underlying mechanism of approach job crafting and thriving at work that explain the relationship between perceived supervisor support and job satisfaction amongpublic sector employees. Drawing on job demand and resource model and organization support theory, the study aims to investigate the proposed serial mediation in public sector employees in Pakistan. By examining the sequential relationships among perceived supervisor support, approach job crafting, thriving at work, and ultimately job satisfaction, this research seeks to provide a comprehensive understanding of the dynamics within public sector organizations and offer insights for enhancing employee satisfaction. Based on cross sectional data from 369 public sector employees,Smart PLS 4andstructural equation modeling (SEM) wereemployedto analyze the data and study the serial mediation effect. Strong empirical evidence was found for all the proposed hypotheses. The findings indicated that stronger perceptions of supervisor support are associated with higher levels of job satisfaction among employees. Furthermore, approach job crafting and thriving at work mediate this relationship, highlighting theemployee behavior to actively shape theirroles and experiences at work. The findings show a path for public sector employees to capitalize on the antecedents to employee job satisfaction. Furthermore, it is suggested that public sector organizations should encourage active supervisor support to promote employee job satisfaction. In doing so, it is important to ensure that the employees are provided a workplace that pursues and encourages approach job crafting for enhanced levels of job satisfaction through thriving at work. This study expands theresearch on approach job crafting and sheds light on important conditions under which perceived supervisor support promotes job satisfaction in public sector employees in Pakistan. The study holds importance for public sector employees, supervisors and the public sector departments at large.

MODEL BARU PENGEMBANGAN KARYAWAN ADMINISTRATIF DI PERGURUAN TINGGI SWASTA: INTEGRASI TEKNOLOGI DAN KOMPETENSI SOFT SKILLS

This research aims to explore the influence of Technology Integration and Soft Skills Competence on the Development of Administrative Staff in Private Higher Education Institutions in Bandung. In the modern era marked by technological advancements and the complexity of job demands, this study is relevant for examining how the integration of technology and the development of soft skills competence can affect administrative staff in higher education institutions. The research methodology adopts a quantitative approach with a Total Population of 414 employees from 138 institutions, and a sample of 203 employees selected through Area Probability Sampling. Data collection is conducted using a questionnaire, and data analysis is performed utilizing Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results indicate that both Technology Integration and Soft Skills Competency have a positive and significant influence on the development of administrative staff, with the Mediating Effect of Development Model Effectiveness playing a pivotal role. Limitations of the study include potential constraints on generalization within the context of private higher education institutions in Bandung. The research contributes by providing strategic recommendations to enhance technology integration, develop soft skills competencies, and design effective development models for administrative human resources. These findings are expected to serve as a foundation for efforts to improve the performance and development of administrative staff in higher education institutions.

Integration Potential of Public Diplomacy in Implementation of Social Projects by Patient NPOs in the Field of Orphan Diseases: Eurasian Experience

The subject of the article is the Eurasian experience of the integration potential of public diplomacy in the implementation of social projects by patient NPOs in the field of orphan diseases. The aim of the study is to describe and generalize the project practices of the Association for Assistance to Patients with Rett Syndrome in promoting public diplomacy in the Eurasian space. The initial data consisted of the activities and results of the social projects implementation in the countries of Eurasia (Russian Federation, Republic of Kazakhstan, Armenia, Moldova, Republic of Belarus). The methodological basis of the study was the concept of methodological pluralism, consolidating the approaches of constructivism to public diplomacy and the classical scientific school to positioning the activities of non-profit organizations. Research methods include design, description, evaluation of qualitative and quantitative results, feedback from the target audience of the project in the form of a review. During the implementation of the projects, the knowledge and skills of the parent and professional (medical, pedagogical) audience were strengthened; the geography has been expanded: 4 countries of the Eurasian space have been joined by partners from a fifth country — the Republic of Belarus, with voluntary participation. The scientific contribution consists of verifying the integration potential of NPOs in the development of public diplomacy in the project activities of domestic patient SO NPOs with friendly NPOs in Eurasia in joining forces, holding events, developing communication channels, and helping families. A model of a social resource has been created for replication in all countries of the post-Soviet space (4 countries are covered, but in Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Azerbaijan, there are children with Rett syndrome, and they all need social resources for a quality life).

SATISFACTION AND ACCESSIBILITY CHALLENGES IN LIBRARY RESOURCE USAGE AMONG LEGAL PROFESSIONALS AND STUDENTS

This study examines satisfaction levels and accessibility challenges encountered by law students and legal professionals in using library resources. With a focus on both print and digital materials, it assesses key factors influencing satisfaction, including resource availability, technical support, and usability. Employing hypothesis testing and statistical analysis of data from 750 participants, findings reveal that satisfaction varies significantly across different academic and professional stages. While early-stage students express higher satisfaction with print resources, advanced students and professionals show a growing preference for digital resources, despite facing barriers like access restrictions and technical issues. Satisfaction with open access resources is generally positive, though issues with searchability and awareness limit their utility. The study emphasizes the need for law libraries to adopt a hybrid resource model that balances print and digital collections, enhances technical support, and promotes user education to address these accessibility challenges effectively.