Resource Managers Research Articles

Abstract TP158: Collaboration Between Neurology and Endocrine Improves Uncontrolled Diabetes for Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke

Background: Research suggests that the absolute number of strokes among people with diabetes is increasing as the population with diabetes grows. Stroke patients with poorly controlled diabetes are more likely to experience poor functional recovery, longer recovery times, recurrent stroke, and higher risk of death. In response to a finding from the 2021 Joint Commission survey for not addressing an HbA1c=9.3, we launched a quality improvement project to enhance diabetic management among patients admitted for ischemic stroke. Methods: This interdisciplinary collaboration involved endocrinology, hospital medicine, and neurology. For patients admitted to our Thrombectomy-Capable Stroke Center for ischemic stroke with an HbA1c ≥ 9.0% or blood glucose glucoses≥250mg/dl, a mandatory inpatient endocrine consult would be provided, in addition to diabetic educator consult. The patient’s HbA1c levels were followed every 3 months for a year. Results: A total of 66 patients were admitted in 2022 (n=32) and 2023 (n= 34) for ischemic stroke with HbA1c ≥ 9.0%. The median HbA1C for 2022 cohort dropped from 11.2% (range 9.0% – 16.6%) to 8.5% (range 5.0% - 14.1%) in a year (p<0.05); and 10.3% (range 9.0% - 14.6%) to 7.75% (range 6.0% - 11.7%) in a year (p<0.05). 2024 data showed similar improvement with drop of HbA1c from 10.55% to 9.75% at 3 months and 9.45% at 6 months. Conclusion: Inpatient endocrinology involvement for high-risk stroke patients with previously uncontrolled diabetes improves diabetic control over time. Endocrinologists can offer personalized treatment plans considering various factors such as comorbid conditions, patient lifestyle, and specific diabetes complications. This single center intervention is congruent with published data showing that patients under specialist care often experience HbA1c reductions of 0.5% to 1.0% or more compared to those managed by general practitioners. In high risk and high complexity cases, this improvement may potentially lead to reduced risk of stroke recurrence and complications. We postulate that this improvement is attributed to the endocrinologist’s expertise in complex diabetes management, advanced treatment options, personalized care approaches, and resources in post-discharge management. If confirmed in a multicenter clinical study, it can become a generalizable approach to improve the quality of care and outcomes of high-risk stroke patients.

The Advancement of Elderly Care: Development and Application of an Interdisciplinary Outpatient Dementia Care Consultation Module

With population aging, dementia has become a significant global health issue. Most people with dementia live in the community, are cared for by family members, and face complex and multifaceted care challenges. In line with Taiwan's Long-Term Care 2.0 policy, the Integrated Dementia Care Centers now established in many hospitals and linked with dementia clinic systems at the local level provide home care consultations and referrals. However, the primary focus of these centers remains on basic health education and post-diagnosis resource referral services. Thus, they lack an interdisciplinary approach, making it difficult to offer tailored, integrated care for people with dementia and their families. Therefore, integrating care intervention strategies from various fields to provide tailored and continuous care services is important. This article explores existing domestic and international dementia care consultation modules, introduces the integrated "Dementia Interdisciplinary Care Consultation Module" developed by our team, and discusses the applicability of and offers recommendations regarding this module. The developed module is intended to serve as a reference resource for outpatient medical staff and dementia case managers during health education consultations, and may be adopted into the training materials used by dementia care professionals and referenced in future domestic dementia care policy formulation work. The overall goal is to enhance the efficiency of outpatient dementia care consultations by ameliorating / resolving issues such as resource fragmentation, poor coordination, and service overlap, thereby improving the quality of family care provided to people with dementia.

REsource Support To Optimize REcovery (RESTORE) scoping review: Evaluating aftercare resources for burn survivors.

Burn survivors report limited resources as they transition to their communities after initial hospitalization. The aim of this project is to review literature that identifies resources provided to burn survivors and their supporters after discharge to their communities. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used to examine the following literature databases: PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, PsycInfo, and CINAHL. The World Health Organization (WHO) International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Core Set for burn injury provided a framework to categorize resource content. Of the 637 articles screened, 27 met inclusion criteria. Data extraction identified resources categorized into the following ICF components: Body Functions, Activities and Participation, and Environmental Factors. This review uses a conceptual framework to provide an overview of current published resources to support burn survivors following hospitalization. The identified resources addressed content such as health professionals, programs, psychological functioning after burn injury, scar management, and virtual resources. Based on the ICF framework, some gaps in resource content were noted such as pain, thermoregulation, interpersonal relationships, and self-care. Findings reveal relative strengths and gaps in resources, which can be used to better support burn survivors following hospitalization.

Moringa oleifera in a modern time: A comprehensive review of its nutritional and bioactive composition as a natural solution for managing diabetes mellitus by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation.

Globally, diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications are considered among the most significant public health problems. According to numerous scientific studies, Plants and their bioactive compounds may reduce inflammation and oxidative stress (OS), leading to a reduction in the progression of DM. Moringa oleifera (MO), widely used in Ayurvedic and Unani medicine for centuries because of its health-promoting characteristics, particularly its ability to control DM and its related complications. MO is a multi-purpose plant that has an impressive range of nutritional components including proteins, amino acids (Essential and non-essential amino acids), carbs, fats, fiber, vitamins, and phenolic compounds. In the modern era, scientists have paid close attention to the anti-diabetic, anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory attributes and other medicinal properties, of MO leaves and seeds. MO leaves and seeds have modulatory effects on DM that are likely influenced by multiple mechanisms. Some of these mechanisms include direct effects, but other mechanisms involve inhibition the production of inflammatory markers, modulation of the gut microbiome, reduction of OS, enhancement of glucose metabolism through hexokinase and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, improve insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake in the liver and muscles. Overall, these findings suggest that MO may play a role in lowering the risk of DM and its related outcomes. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the nutritional and bioactive profiles of MO leaves and seeds, as well as to investigate their possible anti-diabetic effects by modulating oxidative stress and inflammation. Our results indicate that MO may be a beneficial natural resource for management of DM and related issues by lowering oxidative stress and inflammation. Furthermore, studies on MO has yielded promising findings in diabetic animal models, indicating antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, human trials have shown less solid results, most likely due to a lack of studies, different techniques, and dosages. More clinical research is needed to fully understand MO's anti-diabetic potential, notably in lowering oxidative stress and inflammation, both of which are critical in controlling diabetes complications.

High-resolution groundwater storage anomalies in the Middle and Lower Yangtze River Basin of China using machine learning fusion of in-situ wells, satellite gravity and hydrological model.

Groundwater plays a key role in the water cycle and is used to meet industrial, agricultural, and domestic water demands. High-resolution modeling of groundwater storage is often challenging due to the limitations of observation techniques and mathematical methods. In this study, two machine learning (ML) algorithms, namely random forest (RF) and artificial neural networks (ANNs), were employed to estimate groundwater level anomaly (GWLA) and groundwater storage anomaly (GWSA) with a 0.25° resolution using multi-source datasets, including in-situ wells, the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE), land surface models and hydrogeological parameters. The results indicated the ANN algorithm outperformed the RF algorithm in predicting the spatiotemporal variations of the shallow and deep GWLA in the Middle and Lower Yangtze River Basin (MLYRB). Hence, the ANN algorithm was used to construct a model for predicting the GWSA over the 2005-2017 period. The GWSA exhibited an increasing linear rate of about 0.77±0.30mm/yr in almost the entire area, except in the Han River Basin (HRB), where GWSA decreased by -1.18±0.38mm/yr due to decreased precipitation amounts. The occurrence of seasonal variations in the deep GWSA showed lead time effects compared with those in the shallow GWSA, ranging from 0 to 1 month and 1 to 2 months in the humid and relatively dry areas, respectively. It was found that the ANN-based model results showed pronounced responses of the GWSA to the drought events. The standard groundwater drought index (SGDI) was further calculated to assess the spatiotemporal characteristics of the groundwater drought events. The results revealed the occurrence of a severe drought event in 2011, as well as pronounced impacts of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events on the GWSA. This study demonstrated the effectiveness of in-situ groundwater measurements in enhancing the reliability of ML-based GWSA prediction. Furthermore, the constructed high-resolution groundwater variation features in this study can provide water resource managers with enhanced information and valuable insights into climate-induced groundwater changes.

Redox-induced phosphorus release from critical source areas following rainfall events in New Zealand.

Critical source areas (CSAs) can act as a source of phosphorus (P) during intermittent rainfall events and contribute to dissolved P loss via runoff. Dissolved forms of P are readily accessible for plant and algal uptake; hence it is a concern in terms of the eutrophication of freshwater bodies. The potential of CSAs to release dissolved P to surface runoff upon intermittent short-term submergence caused by different rainfall events has not been studied at a field-scale in New Zealand previously. A field study was conducted to investigate the potential of two different pastoral soil CSAs (Recent and Pallic soil) to release soil P over five rainfall events during winter and to explore the mechanisms of P release in these soils. Ten sampling stations were installed within each CSA in an area of 6×2m2. Each sampling station had two porewater samplers installed at two depths (2 and 10cm) below the soil surface. Two platinum half-cell electrodes were installed at the same two depths. Porewater and floodwater samples were collected following five rainfall events. Redox potentials were measured in-situ. Dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP), pH, dissolved organic carbon, cations, anions, and alkalinity of the water samples were measured. Soil chemical P fractions were assessed at the beginning, middle and end of the experiment. Thermodynamic modelling was used to infer dissolution and formation of P and P-associated minerals. The average porewater DRP at the two depths during the rainfall events of the Recent and Pallic soils were 0.32-1.3mgL-1 and 0.26-2.31mgL-1, respectively. The average floodwater DRP concentrations of the Recent and Pallic soils were 35 and 43-fold higher than the target DRP concentration (0.01mgL-1) for the Manawatū River. The study highlights the substantial risk of P loss from CSAs to surface water, driven primarily by the reductive dissolution of Fe and Mn oxy(hydr)oxides. The findings underscore the importance of targeted management strategies to mitigate dissolved P runoff, particularly in high-risk CSAs frequent submerged during rainfall events. This study developed an effective method for monitoring soil porewater P and redox conditions, offering valuable insights and practical tools for resource managers seeking to reduce P contamination.

Correlates of Human Resource Information System and Organizational Performance in Selected Logistics Companies: An Assessment toward Organizational Efficiency

This study analyzed the correlates of human resource information systems to organizational performance in selected logistics companies. Through a quantitative research design using descriptive-correlational research, the study investigated the correlations obtained from the survey data responded to by 275 human resource managers and staff. The findings revealed that the respondents’ profiles primarily fall within the age groups of 18-25 and 36-45 years, with a relatively balanced gender distribution. Educationally, the majority are college graduates, with a significant proportion holding master's and doctoral degrees. Staff-level employees dominate the sample, followed by HR managers. In terms of business longevity, a substantial percentage of respondents belong to organizations that have been in operation for more than 20 years. Likewise, the study assessed the impact of HRIS on various HR functions, including job analysis, job performance, communication, and recruitment. The data suggests that HRIS significantly improves job analysis accuracy, performance management efficiency, communication timeliness, and recruitment efficiency. Notably, age, sex, educational attainment, and job position were found to influence respondents’ perceptions of HRIS impact. Differences in views were observed particularly in job analysis and performance across age groups, educational levels, and job positions. The study also investigated HRIS’s impact on organizational performance, focusing on effectiveness, efficiency, sustainability, and financial stability. The HRIS was found to positively affect organizational effectiveness, efficiency, and sustainability, with communication emerging as a strong predictor of effectiveness and sustainability. The HRIS’s role in recruitment and selection was notably correlated with improved efficiency and financial stability.

Regulating Grand Challenges: The Evolution of Human Resource Managers' Framing of the UK Gender Pay Gap Regulations

Regulating Grand Challenges: The Evolution of Human Resource Managers' Framing of the UK Gender Pay Gap Regulations

Countries with Fewer Procedures for Cardiovascular Disease Management Face Greater Premature Mortality from Noncommunicable Diseases

Abstract Background: The rate at which low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are transitioning into high-burden states for noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) is currently posing a global health security threat. Not only cardiovascular disease (CVD) occurs earlier in these countries but also it is likely that individuals do not have access to adequate management procedures. The present study was undertaken to find the effect of availability of procedures for CVD management on premature mortality in NCDs and to juxtapose this with the prevalence of two main risk factors, hypertension and diabetes. Methods: The World Health Organization’s Global Health Observatory data were used, which include health-related data on its 194 member states. The correlation matrix was constructed for risk factors, income classification, availability of CVD management procedures, and premature NCD mortality. Multiple linear regression was done to find the association between availability of management procedures, income classification, and premature NCD mortality. Results: A negative correlation was observed between premature NCD mortality and income group and between premature NCD mortality and availability of CVD management procedures. Countries possessing fewer procedures for CVD management suffered a greater burden of premature NCD mortality, and this was in the form of a strong linear association. Income class and availability of CVD management procedures both independently affected premature NCD mortality. Each unit increase in income class and number of CVD management procedures reduced the premature NCD mortality by 7.9 and 2.8 units, respectively. The impact of both these factors on premature NCD mortality was statistically significant. Countries with higher prevalence of hypertension were seen to be possessing fewer CVD management procedures. Income groups also demonstrated disparities, with high-income countries bearing less burden of hypertension and having more ubiquitous CVD management resources. Conclusion: The present study found that availability of CVD management procedures, such as thrombolysis, coronary bypass/stenting, and acute stroke care and rehabilitation, significantly reduce premature NCD mortality across the world. Countries that face higher burden of premature NCD mortality are not only the ones that are least prepared to manage them but also the ones that bear the greatest prevalence of risk factors like hypertension and diabetes. Making procedures for NCD management available in LMICs must be put on high priority on the global health agenda.

The Effect of Hydrogen Peroxide on Biogas and Methane Produced from Batch Mesophilic Anaerobic Digestion of Spent Coffee Grounds

This paper aims to explore both experimental and modeling anaerobic digestion (AD) processes as innovative methods for managing the substantial quantities of spent coffee grounds (SCG) generated in Algeria, transforming them into valuable renewable energy sources (biogas/methane). AD of SCG, while promising, is hindered by its complex lignocellulosic structure, which poses a significant challenge. This study investigates the efficacy of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) pretreatment in addressing this issue, with a particular focus on enhancing biogas and methane production. The AD of SCG was conducted over a 46-day period, and the impact of H2O2 pretreatment was evaluated using laboratory-scale batch anaerobic reactors. Four different concentrations of H2O2 (0.5, 1, 2, and 4% H2O2 w/w) were studied in mesophilic conditions (37 ± 2) for 24 h at room temperature, providing basic data on biogas and methane production. The results showed a significant increase in soluble oxygen demand (SCOD) and total sugar solubilization in the range of 555.96–713.02% and 748.48–817.75%, respectively. The optimal pretreatment was found to be 4% H2O2 w/w resulting in 16.28% and 16.93% improvements in biogas and methane yield over the untreated SCG. Further, while previous research has established oxidative pretreatment efficacy, this study uniquely combines the empirical analysis of H2O2 pretreatment with a detailed kinetic modeling approach using the modified Gompertz (MG) and logistic function (LF) models to estimate kinetic parameters and determine the accuracy of fit. The MG model showed the most accurate prediction, thus making the present investigation a contribution to understanding the performance of the AD system under oxidative pretreatment and designing and scaling up new systems with predictability. These findings highlight the potential of H2O2-pretreated SCG as a more efficient and readily available resource for sustainable waste management and renewable energy production.

The Role of Accreditation in Transforming IAIN Lhokseumawe's PAI Quality

This study aims to analyze the implementation of accreditation in improving the quality of education in the Postgraduate Islamic Religious Education (PAI) Study Program at IAIN Lhokseumawe. Higher education accreditation is an important instrument to ensure the quality of education that is relevant to the needs of society and the development of the times. However, the implementation of accreditation often faces various challenges, such as the fulfillment of diverse quality standards and limitations in the management of accreditation data. The research method used is a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through interviews, observations, and document analysis. This study found that the Postgraduate PAI Study Program has tried to meet accreditation standards by improving the quality of the curriculum, management, and human resources. However, there are obstacles in the integration of internal and external quality evaluations and data management that still lack innovation. These findings suggest that accreditation should be seen as a strategic tool for a more holistic transformation of education, not just an administrative formality. This research is expected to contribute to improving the implementation of accreditation in higher education institutions, especially in Islamic-based study programs.

Assessment of healthcare workers’ knowledge and availability of resources for sickle cell disease management in Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo

IntroductionSickle cell disease (SCD) is a global public health priority due to its high morbidity and mortality. In the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), effective care for this disease depends on the availability of resources and the level of knowledge of healthcare workers (HCWs). However, in Bukavu, there is limited data available on these two crucial aspects, which are vital for enhancing the care of patients with SCD. This study aims to assess the availability of SCD services and the level of knowledge of HCWs in Bukavu, DRC.MethodsA cross-sectional study based on healthcare facilities (HCFs) was carried out between March and May 2024 among 501 nurses and clinicians from 58 HCFs in Bukavu. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire with 13 knowledge questions (score >7 corresponding to good knowledge) and a checklist of available resources. Pearson’s χ2 test was used to assess the association between knowledge level and participant characteristics. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to determine the factors influencing knowledge.ResultsOf the 501 participants, only 16.4% demonstrated good knowledge of SCD. Physicians were 8.4 times more likely to possess good knowledge compared to nurses (adjusted OR = 8.4; 95% CI: 4.5 - 15.9; p<0.0001). Age, clinical experience, type of HCF, attendance of SCD training, and previous management of SCD patients did not show a significant association with knowledge after adjusting for other variables (p>0.05). Regarding resources, 55.2% of HCFs had a falciform test, but none had advanced technologies such as isoelectrofocusing or high-performance liquid chromatography.ConclusionThis study reveals a general lack of knowledge among HCWs about SCD in Bukavu, as well as limited availability of resources for diagnosis and treatment. It is essential to improve the training of HCWs and to strengthen HCFs in order to optimize the management of SCD patients in Bukavu.

Rethinking housekeeping job quality: insights from hotel housekeepers and managers

ABSTRACT This study explored how hotel housekeepers perceived their job quality. A mixed-method approach was employed to gather insights from 645 Taiwanese hotel housekeepers. Follow-up interviews were conducted with sixteen senior human resources managers and executive housekeepers. The content analysis revealed twelve common factors influencing hotel housekeepers’ positive or negative perceptions of their jobs. The housekeeping job quality paradigm developed from this study indicates that, despite being perceived as undesirable, housekeepers can maintain a positive view of their work when their physiological and psychological needs are met. Managers believe that the role of hotel housekeeping will become increasingly important in the future. It is expected that the housekeeping staffing shortage will worsen. They suggested that addressing the needs of housekeepers, raising their salaries, and adopting management practices that respect employees are essential to maintaining a sustainable workforce.

Manajemen Pondok Pesantren dalam Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Manusia terhadap Peningkatan Kemampuan Santri (Studi pada Pondok Pesantren Darul Qur'an Kota Malang)

Human resources in pesantren management are very necessary in order to achieve good goals and also be able to face all future challenges, especially for students. The purpose of this writing is to discuss the management of Islamic boarding schools in human resource management to improve the ability of students. The research used used a qualitative type with a descriptive approach for three months. The results of the study show that, in the management of the Darul Quran Islamic Boarding School Malang human resources can be divided into two things management. The first is the management of managerial functions, namely planning related to pesantren and improving student human resources with Visions, Missions and goals, organizing that folds all administrators and community leaders, movements related to activities commanded by caregivers so that one direction of goals, and control or evaluation. The second of the operational functions is the procurement of things needed by students, development in all aspects of facilities, programs, assessments that focus on students' abilities, integration between religious and real-life aspects, discipline of all administrators and students, and dismissal of administrators who do not carry out their activities to improve students' human resources. The form of activities such as: level-based book recitation, trainings on religious skills and the science of world life, cooperation in various aspects of additional activities to scientific visits.

A framework for nurturing champions of digital innovation

Abstract Information Systems (IS) champions enthusiastically promote a digital innovation project throughout its development by obtaining the necessary resources. These individuals shape the innovativeness of an organization, as they initiate digital innovation projects and lead them toward successful completion. We still know little about how these champions can be identified and nurtured in organizations. We follow the Design Science Research approach in developing a framework for nurturing IS champions that can guide human resource practitioners. Our framework offers a strategic view of the champion journey and prescribes recommendations for action. The design decisions were derived from literature on digital innovation and innovation champions, and the framework was subsequently refined and evaluated meticulously. The design underwent two stages based on expert interviews from the IT industry (formative evaluation) and was subsequently evaluated by experts in digital innovation project management and human resource development in the IT industry (summative evaluation). The results demonstrate the feasibility of the framework and offer further insights into the problem and solution space of nurturing IS champions.

Propithecus verreauxi demography spanning 40 years at Bezà Mahafaly Special Reserve, southwest Madagascar

The diverse, highly endemic flora and fauna of Madagascar make it a priority for research and conservation. Lemurs, the island’s endemic primates, exhibit a distinctive array of biological, behavioral and demographic traits. Research on these species contributes to significant theoretical issues, including the evolution of mammalian life histories and social systems. Virtually all 107 extant lemur species are threatened with extinction or critically endangered, and a better understanding of demography and the drivers of demographic change is needed to inform management strategies for surviving wild populations. Sifaka (Propithecus verreauxi) have been continuously studied and demographic parameters have been monitored at the Bezà Mahafaly Special Reserve in southwest Madagascar since 1984. We have compiled a dataset encompassing over 900 individuals that have been tagged and followed during this period, and new data continue to be added. Data provide information on male and female life history parameters, individual development and aging, and social group dynamics. The dataset is an important resource for both research and management.

The transition from resistance to acceptance: Managing a marine invasive species in a changing world

Abstract Marine invasive species can transform coastal ecosystems, yet mitigating their effects can be difficult, and even impractical. Often, marine invasive species are managed at poorly matched spatial scales, and at the same time, rates of spread and establishment are increasing under climate change and can outpace resources available for population suppression. These circumstances challenge traditional conservation goals of maintaining a historic environmental state, especially for a species like the European green crab (Carcinus maenas), a formidable invader with few examples of successful long‐term removal programs. A management paradigm where decision alternatives include resisting or accepting a new ecological trajectory may be needed. We apply mathematical concepts from decision theory to develop a quantitative framework for navigating management decisions in this new resist‐accept paradigm. We develop a model of European green crab growth, removal and colonization, and we find optimal levels of removal effort that minimize both ecological change and removal cost. We establish a benchmark of colonization pressure at which green crab density becomes decoupled from a decision maker's actions, such that population control can no longer shape the invasion trajectory. For informing the decision boundary between resistance and acceptance, our results highlight that a decision maker's understanding of how removal cost scales with removal effort is more important than understanding the density‐impact relationship. We show that assuming stationary system dynamics can result in sub‐optimal levels of species removal effort, highlighting the importance of developing anticipatory management strategies by accounting for non‐stationary dynamics. Policy implications. For marine invasive species that can disperse across long distances and recolonize rapidly after removal, the focus of conservation policy should shift away from understanding how to resist change to understanding when to stop resisting change. Navigating this decision problem involves trade‐offs among competing objectives, highlighting the need for structured approaches to elicit objective weights that reflect the values of the decision maker. For natural resource managers facing possible ecosystem transformation, this decision framework can enable proactive and strategic decisions made under uncertainty in a changing world.

Surface water quality evaluation of Mahanadi and its Tributary Katha Jodi River, Cuttack District, Odisha, using WQI, PLSR, SRI, and geospatial techniques

Surface water depletion in Odisha tract poses significant challenges for sustainable water management. An important part of the effort to satisfy the growing demand for water is surface water quality control. For that purpose, this study’s primary goal is to assess the surface water quality for drinking and irrigation at nine different locations, via the use of the innovative techniques. In this regard, Drinking Water Quality Index (DWQI), Partial Least Square Regression (PLSR) and Spatial reflectance (SR) Indices (I), were considered to determine water suitability for different people’s activities. The samples were collected in the study area during the pre-monsoon season of period 2023–2024. The parameters analyzed: pH, DO, Alkalinity, Conductivity, Nitrate, Phosphate and Hardness. The results were subsequently contrasted with the water quality requirements, as instructed by World Health Organizations (WHO). The major anionic trend is expressed in the subsequent order: NO3− > PO43−. Finally, the analytical results were collected in order to produce the parameters’ numerical geographic distribution using the geographical information system (GIS) environment. According to the results of pH, the obtained average value is recorded as 8.0. This implies that the water is slight alkaline in nature. The results of the DWQI showed that 44.44% shared investigated locations, were classified as excellent to good, and 11% as poor, 22.22% as very poor and, 22.22% is indicated as unsuitable for drinking purpose classes. In addition, the new SRIs that were taken out of the VIS and NIR regions demonstrated a substantial correlation with DWQI, according to the results. The new SRIs and DWQI had R2 correlations with values ranging from 0.65 to 0.82. The results from DWQI and SRI depicts that Nitrate and Phosphate concentration were higher and exceeds the WHO standards. At five sites, which confers as poor water quality, these parameters were recorded very high. Additionally, the main factors causing variations in water quality were fertilizer, organic waste, and soil leaching. Based on the values of R2, the PLSR model generated an evaluation of DWQI that was more accurate. Furthermore, the PLSR model generated accurate predictions for DWQI, with an R2 of 0.82 and 0.85, in the validation and calibration dataset. Hence, PLSR is efficient and provides us with a clear image for evaluating surface water’s fitness for drinking and its regulating elements. This study provides a quantitative framework for assessing surface water suitable potential zones in the chosen region. By identifying the hidden variables influencing water quality, the three approaches work together to maintain their advantages while also offering crucial information for water management. The results allow for the monitoring of restoration measures to be prioritized, the identification of the anthropogenic impact on the five locations (S-(1), (2), (3), (4), and (5)) and the type of anthropogenic pressure associated with each location, as well as the optimization of monitoring programs to reflect significant anthropogenic pressures. The resulting maps and data offer valuable insights for policy makers and water resource managers to develop targeted surface water management strategies. These findings have significant implications for sustainable water resource management in the region, particularly in addressing challenges related to drinking and agricultural water demand and climate change adaptation. A more thorough assessment of the surface water quality would result from the addition of more water quality indicators, such as hydrological, biological, and particular pollutants, to the straightforward and trustworthy assessment scheme that has been suggested.

P0278 Healthcare resource utilization by patients with Difficult-to-Treat Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Latin American Countries.

Abstract Background Latin America is a geographical region with heterogeneous access to health care and advanced drug therapies (ADTs) required for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) management, especially for more difficult cases.1,2 We aimed to characterize the use of healthcare resources for IBD management, namely for difficult-to-treat IBD (D2T-IBD), in this region.3 Methods Observational study with secondary data from four LatAM registries: EPILATAM-IBD (Epidemiologic characterization of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Latin America: Multicentric Study) with patients from 9 LatAM countries, the GEDIIB – Brazilian Organization of Crohn’s Disease and Colitis national registry, and two single-centre registries in Argentina, in Buenos Aires and Córdoba. This analysis included adult patients diagnosed with ulcerative colitis - UC, Crohn’s disease- CD, or unclassified, and at least one prescribed IBD drug. Patients were classified with D2T-IBD if having failed ≥ 2 mechanisms of action of ADTs, chronic antibiotic-refractory pouchitis, postoperative CD recurrence after ≥ 2 intestinal resections, or complex perianal CD. Characteristics of D2T and non-D2T patients were compared with Mann-Whitney test, and chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests (p&amp;lt;0.05). Results Of 6314 eligible patients (55.2% UC, 43.9% CD, and 0.9% unclassified), 5598 had criteria information, and 742 (13.3%) were classified as D2T. The proportion of D2T-IBD was higher among CD patients (30.2% vs 1.6% of UC patients; p&amp;lt;0.001). Patients with D2T-IBD were statistically significantly diagnosed at a younger age than non-D2T patients, had a longer time until diagnosis, and more patients were followed in private healthcare setting – Table 1. D2T patients had statistically significantly higher incidence and mean number of surgeries (73% vs. 10% of non-D2T patients) and hospitalizations (49% vs. 37%) – Table 1. They also received more drugs since diagnosis (36% received 4+ drugs), namely ADTs (19.5% received 3+ ADTs) – Table 2. Among D2T patients, 64% were prescribed immunomodulators and 83% ADTs since diagnosis. The percentages prescribed 2 or more anti-TNFs (28%) and ADTs other than anti-TNF (anti-integrin: 14%, anti-interleukin: 19%, Janus kinase inhibitors: 4.2%) were also higher among D2T patients. Conclusion D2T-IBD was associated with a significantly higher incidence of surgeries and hospitalizations, resulting in a higher burden for healthcare systems. In addition, D2T patients required more ADTs, both in the number of different treatments as well as classes other than anti-TNFs. D2T patients represent a relevant unmet medical need in IBD in the Latin America region.

Empathy in leadership: a systematic literature review on the effects of empathetic leaders in organizations

Abstract Numerous studies have examined the impact of empathetic leaders in organizations. However, the systematic consolidation and categorization of these effects have not yet been conducted. This article presents a systematic literature review of 42 academic studies, carefully selected from 5 databases using a rigorous search process, with the aim of developing a concise category system that synthesizes the effects of empathetic leaders in organizations. After discussing theoretical lenses and our methodological approach, we outline the various understandings of empathy and the measuring instruments used in the analyzed articles. As our main contribution, we then describe nine categories that summarize the effects of empathetic leaders in organizations. These categories consider affect, attitudes, empathy, equity, interpersonal relationships, leadership practice, perception, performance, and well-being. We further outline the individuals or groups affected by these effects. Finally, we discuss our results and offer future research avenues for the scientific community as well as practical recommendations for three different stakeholders who can shape empathetic leadership in organizations: leaders, human resources (HR) managers, and board members.