Resource Users Research Articles

Collective PES Contracts Can Motivate Institutional Creation to Conserve Forests: Experimental Evidence

ABSTRACTIncentives are a widely used tool for addressing deforestation and are often implemented as collective contracts. Local institutions are crucial to the solution of collective action problems associated with forest conservation, but we still have little knowledge of how to encourage institutional creation through policy. Since collective contracts do not eliminate freeriding incentives, we argue that their success hinges on their ability to stimulate the creation of institutions for collective action. To test these ideas, we analyze data from an incentivized lab‐in‐the‐field experimental collective action game played with natural resource users in four developing countries. The experiment simulates management of a common forest, and groups were randomly assigned to a conservation incentive payment condition. We observe how much group members attempt to coordinate on the creation of institutional rules and find experimental evidence that an external incentive program can stimulate the endogenous creation of informal institutions.

The establishment, persistence, and scaling of marine community-based natural resource management in four coastal districts in Tanzania

Community-based natural resource management (CBNRM) is common in most types of ecosystems that are characterized by common property practices. However, the emergence and spread of CBNRM has varied across geographies and contexts. This study explores factors that have enabled the modern emergence, persistence, and spread of marine CBNRM in four coastal districts in Tanzania. It also investigates how CBNRM—particularly local ownership and management of marine resources —is implemented and developed. It draws on a document review of the grey and scientific literature, and in-depth qualitative field work carried out in four coastal districts on mainland Tanzania. The field work involved 15 key informant interviews, 12 focus groups discussion, and participant observation, documenting the perceptions of resource users. The findings indicate that marine CBNRM – operationalized largely through local organizations called Beach Management Units (BMUs) – have strong support from local communities, but emerged, persist, and scaled largely through government and donor led initiatives. The local communities' strong desire to safeguard fisheries resources and reduce overexploitation, caused by illegal harvesting practices, promoted the quick expansion of BMUs, which in turn ensured the continuation of CBNRM. The positive experience and lessons learned from BMUs established early in the process encouraged the spread and ultimately scaling out of CBNRM. Expanding and sustaining marine CBNRM beyond its current form, which relies heavily on external support, will require innovative approaches that foster collective action, identify sustainable financing mechanisms, provide clarity in roles and responsibilities, and identify cost-effective and scalable CBNRM approaches.

Social Perception and Engagement in Mangrove Restoration: A Case Study in Central America

Mangroves are vital intertidal ecosystems that support biodiversity and protect coastal communities, but face increasing pressure from anthropogenic activities that sustain local livelihoods. It is crucial to integrate the social dimension into conservation efforts by encouraging community participation in mangrove restoration. Chame Bay, located on the central Pacific coast of Panama, is a protected area with significant mangrove cover, but despite its management plan, degradation continues due to intensive timber extraction for charcoal production and insufficient natural regeneration. This study investigates local knowledge and perceptions of mangrove functions and regeneration. A proportional stratified sampling of the Chame Bay population was used, with 300 interviews conducted among key stakeholders, including residents and mangrove resource users. Variables such as age, education, and profession were analyzed in relation to perceptions, participation, and willingness to participate in restoration efforts. Results indicate that 24.67% of the population’s primary economic activity is charcoal production from mangrove wood, with 15% of producers already involved in restoration and 60% willing to participate. These findings highlight the potential for community-driven restoration and emphasize the need for environmental education to encourage participation. This study provides essential information for designing restoration strategies in mangrove areas in Central America.

Learning from conceptual models – a study of the emergence of cooperation towards resource protection in a social–ecological system

Abstract. Engaging ecological resource users in intervention to protect resources is challenging for governments due to the self-interest of users and uncertainty about intervention consequences. Focusing on a case of forest insect infestations, we addressed questions of resource protection and environmentally responsible behavior promotion with a conceptual model. We coupled a forest infestation model with a social model in which a governing agent applies a mechanism for the recognition and promotion of environmentally responsible behavior among several user agents. We ran the coupled model in various scenarios with a reinforcement-learning algorithm for the governing agent as well as best-case, worst-case, and random baselines. Results showed that a proper recognition policy facilitates emergence of environmentally responsible behavior. However, ecosystem health may deteriorate due to temporal differences between the social and ecological systems. Our work shows it is possible to gain insight about complexities of social–ecological systems with conceptual models through scenario analysis.

Research on Optimization Path of Higher Education Management Based on Collaborative Filtering Algorithm

In order to better realize the optimization of university education management, this paper puts forward the research on the optimization path of university education management under collaborative filtering algorithm. The optimization of higher education management is divided into several management directions. First, the teaching resource recommendation management, using collaborative filtering algorithm based on emotional tendency, analyzes the comments of users of teaching resources, and recommends the teaching resources to users next time according to the emotional tendency obtained from the analysis. Second, the library book recommendation management, constructing the characteristic model of library book borrowing users, uses collaborative filtering algorithm to generate nearest neighbors, calculating the similarity of users, and recommending books that meet their characteristics for users according to the similarity. Finally, the management of personalized course selection recommendation in colleges and universities, which uses the historical information of students to establish the evaluation matrix of course selection, searches the nearest neighbors according to the evaluation matrix, and produces the personalized course selection recommendation results of the students according to the nearest neighbors. According to the experiment, the recommended users can be satisfied with the recommended results in different directions of education management. After applying this method, the overall quality of college students has been significantly improved, the expenditure of education management in colleges and universities has been significantly reduced, and the optimization effect of education management in colleges and universities has been remarkable.

Налоговые и таможенно- тарифные инструменты изъятия нефтяной ренты в доход российского бюджета

For countries focused on the extraction and processing of natural resources, including Russia, the crucial task is to ensure the rational extraction and distribution of natural rent. The tax model applied to natural rent should facilitate its optimal allocation to the budget without undermining the motivation of resource users to invest. The purpose of this study is to gauge the extent of oil rent extraction to the Russian budget and to propose strategies to improve the efficiency of oil rent redistribution to the state budget. According to the author’s hypothesis, export customs duties, compared to the mineral extraction tax, are more effective in achieving the desired redistribution of funds from resource users to the budget. The analysis shows that from 2005 to 2022 up to 87% of the oil rent received in Russia was extracted through rent payments to the state budget. However, in recent years the degree of oil rent extraction has decreased to 56%. This decline can be attributed to the tax maneuver initiated in Russia since 2015, entailing the reduction and eventual abolition of export customs duties and an increase in the mineral extraction tax rate. The results obtained indicate a decline in effectiveness of rent-based taxation in Russia due to the decreasing fiscal significance of rent payments. Furthermore, their regulatory function, designed to stimulate taxpayers to make investments, has weakened. These findings provide valuable insights for shaping fiscal policies and lay the foundation for further research in this area.

The role of midlatitude dry air during the withdrawal of the Indian summer monsoon

AbstractThe Indian summer monsoon supplies over 75% of the country's annual precipitation, profoundly impacting over a billion people. Variability in the timing of its onset and withdrawal has a direct impact on the agricultural sector and other users of water resources. Previous studies have shown that a wedge of mid‐tropospheric dry air emanating from the midlatitudes is present over India during the pre‐monsoon, which gradually retreats toward the northwest as the onset progresses. The withdrawal of the monsoon is observed to progress in a southeast direction during September–October, but there is a lack of a conceptual model. In this study, we use observations and the ERA5 reanalysis to understand the dynamics and thermodynamics of the withdrawal. We find that the climatological mid‐level dry intrusion appears over northwest India around mid‐September. Vertical profiles associated with this dry air show how the most unfavourable environment for deep convection occurs in the northwest, where the withdrawal occurs first. As the withdrawal progresses, the wedge of dry air deepens throughout its horizontal extent and descends, as well as pushing further across the country. This stabilises the troposphere, suppressing deep convection and ultimately driving the withdrawal toward the southeast. By mid‐October, the dry air engulfs most of India, causing the monsoon to withdraw from the entire country. Thus, the strengthening of the mid‐level dry advection from the midlatitudes can explain the withdrawal of the monsoon and its direction, in a reversal of the processes at work during progression of the onset. This work establishes a new paradigm for the withdrawal of the Indian summer monsoon in terms of midlatitude interactions, which could be tested for other monsoon regions.

Improving Recruitment Of Older Patients For Patient And Public Involvement And Engagement Work (PPIE): Ensuring A Representative Voice

Abstract Background Older people are under-represented in research, despite this demographic being the biggest users of healthcare resources. Service design needs to be patient-centred and therefore engaging this underserved group is crucial, albeit challenging. We describe a quality improvement project aimed at improving recruitment of patients into a local PPIE group in a perioperative geriatric service. Methods Clinicians opportunistically consent patients for the PPIE group during their perioperative geriatric clinic consultations. A baseline level of recruitment was established before implementing a series of PDSA cycles. The interventions were firstly, to adapt the paper clinic proforma making the consent section clearer, secondly to give weekly reminders to clinicians, and finally discussing PPIE with patients while they wait for their appointment. A focus group with clinicians was run using nominal group technique to explore barriers and potential solutions to recruitment. Results An average of three patients were being recruited per month from April 2022 to September 2023. Two weeks following the first intervention, no new patients were consented. Two weeks following the second intervention, this improved to two new patients. Following the third intervention, five new patients were recruited after two clinic sessions. From the focus group, the top three barriers to recruitment were forgetting, clinical responsibilities taking priority, and lack of awareness by new staff. The highest rated solution was utilising non-clinical staff to recruit patients in the waiting room. Conclusion During busy clinics, it is easy for clinicians to forget about issues not directly related to the patient in front of them. However, PPIE is vital in co-designing healthcare. There are both staff and patient-related barriers in recruiting and maintaining a PPIE group in older patients. From our project, we found a combination of passive (e.g. a tickbox proforma) and active recruitment by dedicated staff the best way to improve PPIE.

Stakeholder contestations of water quality use and management in the Vaal Barrage catchment

The water resources within the lower section of the Upper Vaal catchment, where the Vaal Barrage is situated, are highly utilised and developed, and water quality regulation has become a contested space between resource users and the regulators. The credibility and scientific defensibility of discharge standards in water-use licences (WULs), the relationship between upstream and downstream waste loads, the relationship between flows and water quality standards in WUL, and the water quality components of the resource quality objectives (RQOs) are being contested. This study explores the perceptions and motivations underlying these contestations as a contribution to scientific understanding of water quality management in a highly developed system. Perceived unrealistic RQOs, perceived lack of scientific credibility of the methods for deriving water quality standards in WUL, data inadequacy, as well as poor institutional capacity were identified as the top motivations for contesting applicable regulatory instruments in the catchment. Punitive measures, incentives, and education and awareness-raising were identified as key to accelerating compliance. Overall, this paper contributes to our general understanding of the intricacies of water quality management within a contested space.

Human-connected wild lands: How network analysis can inform invasive species management

Wild landscapes are critical strongholds for biodiversity, yet even in the remotest parts of the globe, increasing human use and development are leading to an influx of biodiversity threats including invasive species. Natural resource management agencies, and those that rely on public lands, need a better understanding of the long-distance dispersal pathways in which invasive species are introduced to remote locations. Pathway information is essential for targeting prevention and early detection across vast landscapes, but it is often challenged by information gaps and high surveillance costs. Data-driven approaches centered around a participating public can help resource managers and biosecurity professionals to better prioritize prevention and early detection activities to minimize incipient and secondary invasions. This study employed surveys with resource users to integrate and analyze multiple human-mediated dispersal networks for aquatic invasive species (AIS) across Alaska's part of the North American Boreal Forest. Specifically, it applied network analysis to further inform management priorities that so far were only based on a single pathway and different metrics. Results underline the vulnerability of remote wild freshwater systems to the introduction of AIS and provide a waterbody-specific tool for prioritizing monitoring and inform pathway-specific interventions that were unavailable through past research. The study compares the prioritization of waterbodies under newly derived network topology metrics accounting for multiple generic pathways with the existing single- species and single-pathway prediction model. Advantages of a more comprehensive multi-pathway network topology are discussed in the context of various invasion stages, multiple invasive taxa, and resource constraint conservation management systems.

Преодоление последствий глобализации на примере взаимодействия государства и Русской Православной Церкви в информационной сфере

Introduction. The article considers the problem of overcoming the consequences of globalization in the context of informatization of society using the example of interaction between the state and the Russian Orthodox Church in the information sphere. The following methods were used in the study: system analysis, philosophical analysis, interpretation, comparison and synthesis. Theoretical analysis. The State and the Church, as active users of the information resources and technologies available today, have a significant impact on their development. Many hierarchs and laypeople, adhering to “protective” views, represented by an established political course, continue to participate in the media sphere. The participation of the Church and the state makes it possible to maintain political stability in the country. It is pointed out that, on the one hand, the spiritual and moral crisis of modern society is caused by informatization as one of the conditions for its development, but on the other hand, informatization permeates all areas of life and activity, both of the Church and the state, to such extent that neglecting its resources is impossible today. Conclusion. The characteristic features of the Church and the state which, with the help of information resources and technologies, are trying to resist the negative consequences of globalization and Westernization, are highlighted and described. The ways of solving these problems are outlined. It is emphasized that the hierarchy of the Russian Orthodox Church and the state authorities are interested in consolidating efforts aimed at resolving the numerous social contradictions that exist in the information space today.

Evaluating the Economic Viability of Agro-Ecotourism as a Nature-Based Solution for a Climate Adaptation Strategy: A Case Study of Yuanshan Township, Taiwan

This study applied the contingent valuation method to evaluate the economic viability of climate adaptation policies in the climate-fragile Yuanshan Township (YST), Taiwan, focusing on the balance between forest conservation and local livelihoods. Traditional agriculture in YST is transitioning to agro-ecotourism, supported by leisure-oriented and hillside forest protection policies that attract visitors and cause the local economy to thrive. This research used non-market valuation methods to quantify the value of local recreational resources perceived by visitors at NTD 1002.00 per visitor. The findings indicate that visitors’ willingness to pay for these resources is significantly influenced by their intention to revisit YST, their trust in local conservation efforts, their gender, and their income. The value that visitors place on recreational resources and the aforementioned significant determinants of their willingness to pay highlight the economic potential of agro-ecotourism in supporting both environmental sustainability and community income. This study emphasizes that successful nature-based climate adaptation must consider the economic interests of resource users and local residents. Agro-ecotourism in YST is shown to be a viable policy for balancing forest conservation with societal benefits, providing a model for the sustainable management of local resources. The economic benefits from this transition underscore the feasibility of agricultural transformation for community income generation and climate resilience, demonstrating that environmental and economic goals can be mutually supportive in addressing climate change.

Network governance and reflexivity in fisheries management: a case study of Northern Ireland

ABSTRACT Network governance arrangements, wherein resource users are empowered, are vital for ocean sustainability. These arrangements are critical to implementing innovative practices, particularly those developed to address the negative impacts of top-down management. The adoption of networked governance can foster resource management capacity and equitable decision-making. Research has focused on social ties within networks but has provided a somewhat limited account of how networks evolve to instil novel practices. To implement new practices, networks must engage in reflexive governance. Reflexivity is underpinned by actors’ receptivity to change and network learning. Actors’ receptivity to change relates to whether they acknowledge past failures and how novel management ideas become accepted. Network learning is the degree of change instigated by actors’ reflexive processes. Drawing on the receptivity and network learning theories, and informed by semi-structured interviews, an assessment was conducted on how a fisheries management network in Northern Ireland has reflexively evolved to implement new practices. Findings illustrate that the network has reflexively redesigned how they collaborate, share knowledge, and contribute to policymaking. Demonstrating single– and double-loop learning, these developments have been derived from reflections on the failure of past processes and the instigation of more co-creative processes that benefit all network actors.

THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ISSUES OF LEGAL SUPPORT FOR STATE GEOLOGICAL CONTROL (SUPERVISION)

The purpose of the research. This article focuses on the problems of legal support for state geological control (supervision) in accordance with the requirements of legislation on control (supervision). It takes into account the need to improve the risk-based approach system within the framework of the type of control (supervision) under consideration, the development of a system to encourage conscientious users of mineral resources. The issue of improving the legislative regulation of state geological control (supervision) is being considered. Results. The amendments to the by-law regulating the implementation of the federal state geological control (supervision) are justified, according to which it is proposed to establish a mechanism for reducing the risk category of an object depending on the subject of this type of control (supervision). It is proposed to fix in the Law of the Russian Federation «About Subsoil» an exhaustive list of preventive measures used in the implementation of state geological control (supervision) and allowing to form a system of encouragement for a conscientious user of the subsoil. The expediency of unifying the requirements for the organization and implementation of regional state geological control (supervision), fixing an exhaustive list of offenses and crimes considered as criteria for violating mandatory requirements of the legislation on subsoil, as well as making changes to the procedure for considering objections to warnings, is substantiated.

Threshold ambiguity and sustainable resource management: A lab experiment

Overexploitation of ecosystems can cause drastic shifts to unfavourable states once ecosystems reach critical thresholds. Experimental studies have shown that the knowledge of such thresholds helps to foster sustainable resource management. However, warning resource users of a regime shift is difficult since knowledge about critical thresholds is often associated with considerable ambiguity. We conducted a continuous-time common pool resource lab experiment (N = 360; 90 groups of four participants) to assess how different levels of ambiguous information regarding the location of thresholds affect cooperation amongst resource users. Results show that groups informed only of the threshold's existence cooperate similarly to those provided with a range for the threshold, indicating that ambiguity levels do not significantly influence cooperation amongst resource users for sustaining resources at optimal levels. In addition, we analysed treatment differences once the ambiguity about the threshold location is resolved. We do not find lasting impacts of different ambiguity levels on the likelihood of avoiding crossing the threshold once the threshold location is communicated with certainty. Overall, our results suggest that the scope of providing imprecise threshold information which reduces the level of ambiguity may be limited in fostering more sustainable natural resource management.

Persistent Illegal Hunting of Wildlife in an African Landscape: Insights from a Study in the Luangwa Valley, Zambia.

Decades of illegal hunting (poaching) have adversely affected wildlife populations and thereby limited sustainable wildlife conservation in the Luangwa Valley, Zambia. Despite intervention efforts to address the problem, the illegal hunting of wildlife has persisted. Therefore, this study was conducted to understand the persistence of illegal hunting by investigating the drivers of poaching and intervention measures using a mixed methods approach. Stratified random sampling was used to collect data from 346 respondents through structured questionnaires. Purposive sampling was used to collect data through nine focus group discussions and three in-depth interviews with experts. The study revealed that persistent illegal hunting was mainly driven by people's critical need for survival and sustaining their livelihoods and not by inadequate law enforcement as presumed by resource managers. Although law enforcement was the most prevalent intervention measure, it did not deter local illegal hunters because their main motivations for poaching were not effectively addressed. The key implication of these findings is that where the illegal harvesting of natural resources in protected areas by local resource users is driven by people's critical need for survival and a livelihood, which is ineffectively addressed, illegal harvesting may persist even with increased law enforcement. This study provides empirical evidence, novel conceptual knowledge and an understanding of how prevalent drivers of poaching and other factors may have influenced persistent illegal hunting in the Luangwa Valley.

Pathways for integrating historical information into fisheries decision‐making

AbstractHistorical information has provided key insights into long‐term ecological change to marine species and ecosystems, with value to fisheries. Yet, pathways to integrate these diverse data sources into fisheries decision‐making have not been clear. Here, we identify an array of biological, ecological, and social information suitable for contemporary science‐based decision‐making, derived from local ecological knowledge, historical archives, archaeological middens and palaeoecological material. We outline two broad pathways to integrate these historical data into fisheries decision‐making, demonstrating that data‐driven use of historical information is relevant across a range of management contexts. First, historical information can inform fisheries assessments that range from simple to complex, affecting indicators of stock status. Second, it can inform estimates of biological potential and social preference, affecting the choice of fisheries reference points. Using the Caribbean Sea as an example, we illustrate these ideas with case studies representing diverse species and historical data types. Integrating historical data can improve indicators of the current state of fish populations and result in management decisions based on a more complete understanding of a potential range of variation, avoiding shifted baselines. The urgency of this work is underscored by accelerating environmental changes and the rapid loss of invaluable historical information sources. By illuminating pathways, our goal is to increase the accessibility of these types of information and to underscore that scientists, managers, and resource users have roles to play in identifying and integrating relevant long‐term data at various spatial and temporal scales to sustainably manage marine fisheries.

Recycling of wasted wool fibers from sheep shearing for green building components: A review

It is nowadays recognized that the building sector causes the greatest environmental impact in terms of both waste production and carbon emissions. Within the context of ecologically sustainable development (ESD), the construction sector is looking for more eco-friendly materials, such as natural fibres. Natural fibers are worldwide recognized as ideal replacement for traditional construction materials, providing excellent thermal and acoustic insulation for building but also for adoption as reinforcement fibers in cement mortars, composite materials, solid boards/panels, raw biomasses, multi-layers, filled loosen/foaming types, particles, slurry types, coils, bricks, etc. The aim of this work is to provide a clear overview on the natural fibers currently employed in the green production of building components, with the main focus on wool fibers deriving from the livestock sector, where wool waste disposal is a crucial problem. This article is a review conducted using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, a globally recognized method that is not inherently innovative. The innovation of this article lies in the addressed topic, which is relatively new and has only recently gained significant attention, resulting in a limited number of highly relevant articles in the literature.A systematic literature review of the use of wool fibers for green building components is conducted herein to highlight the characteristics that make such material a usable resource in the construction sector and the limits of its use. Given the findings from the reviewed papers, the authors could document that most of the reviewed articles aimed at analyzing the mechanical, thermal, and acoustic properties of building components containing wool fibres. The review highlights that the strength of the wool fiber relies on its thermal properties which can be exploited for building thermal insulation. The wool fiber is also featured to provide good resistance to flexural loads; conversely, all the studies highlighted a negative effect of wool fibers on the compressive behavior of the investigated building components. The analysis of the acoustic properties showed that given the strong capacity of the wool fiber to absorb sound, wool is a great alternative to the conventional materials derived from non-renewable resources.Nevertheless, despite the eligibility of such fiber to be employed soon in the building sector, the analysis about the economic viability of the manufacturing process suggests that the high costs for the raw material, labor, electricity, and above all the high volume of water have to be drastically reduced by prompting the development of sheep wool fiber waterless processing. The achieved results could represent a first step in planning the sustainable re-use of wool waste as natural, renewable, and biodegradable fiber in the construction sector, providing the possibility of creating a new supply chain and solving the problem of its disposal.

Greed or Grievance? Linking Revenue Sharing Implementation to Unauthorised Resource Use and Conservation Support at Bwindi Impenetrable National Park

Revenue sharing is considered a major incentive to promote Community Based Approaches to conservation of protected areas. The sharing of revenue from Protected Area resources is supported by conservationists to promote strong partnerships between protected area management and local communities to address unauthorised resource use for better conservation outcomes. This is premised on the ability of the shared revenue to translate into people’s livelihood improvement and minimize their dependency on resources from protected areas. However, empirical realities indicate that the practice of the Revenue Sharing policy barely addresses the initial objectives of human livelihood improvement to gain support for conservation. This study examined the Revenue Sharing Implementation, Data was collected from 715 respondents who included Local community members (including the unauthorised resource users), staff from conservation organisations in Bwindi and local council leaders. Data was collected using household survey questionnaires, key informant interviews and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Results showed that most beneficiaries of the Revenue Sharing policy were random community households not the unauthorized resource users. The revenue sharing projects allocated to community members were majorly livelihood projects compared to common good projects. Projects included; livestock, passion fruit growing, poultry, provision of land and water projects. Unauthorised resource use was largely motivated by the need for bush meat, minor timber forest products especially firewood, collection of basketry materials and medicinal plants. Protected area managers ought to consider greater involvement of poachers in Revenue Sharing activities. Reducing unauthorized resource use requires systematic but also a combination of factors to mitigate the most driving forces that compel community members to engage in unauthorized forest resource use

Dynamics of Coral Fish Biomass in The Coastal Waters of Spelman Strait, Central Buton Regency, Southeast Sulawesi

The coastal waters of the Spelman Strait are rich in reef fish resources. Small-scale fishers also use coral fishing in the coastal waters of the Spelman Strait in meeting household needs and improving their welfare. The purpose of this research is to analyze how coral fish biomass in two fishing seasons, namely the west and east seasons. The coastal waters of the Spelman Strait are rich in reef fish resources. Small-scale fishers also use coral fishing in the coastal waters of the Spelman Strait in meeting household needs and improving their welfare. The purpose of this research is to analyze how coral fish biomass in two fishing seasons, namely the west and east seasons. The results of the study, reef fish biomass in the two seasons is relatively different. The difference between the two is due to different fishing patterns, wherein the wet season, the reef fish that are targeted by fishermen are the Serranidae and Lutjanidae families, and the size of the fish is relatively large by using hooks number 5, 6, 7 and 8. In contrast, in the east season, the target fish fishers are all reef fishes and are relatively small in size using hooks 15, 16 and 17. The problem is that some fishermen still use explosives in catching reef fish. Muis et al. (2019) reported the condition of live coral cover in the coastal waters of the Spelman Strait in moderate condition (37.71) and dead coral (33.71). Community participation in the management of fisheries resources is significant to note because the community is the user of these resources. Community participation in the management of fisheries resources is crucial to do because of fishermen as users of resources. Muis et al. (2019) reported the condition of live coral cover in the coastal waters of the Spelman Strait in moderate condition (37.71) and dead coral (33.71).