Client Resources Research Articles

Group replica caching scheme for optical grid networks

This paper proposes a cache replacement scheme named group replica caching for optical grid networks. In optical grid networks, data files for job execution are replicated at multiple servers in order to distribute loads. Clients download these files via lightpaths and store them as necessary. File downloading is blocked when the corresponding lightpath cannot be established. The blocking probability of file downloading depends on location of files. The case where a file is stored in a client is ideal because blocking of lightpath establishments does not occur. However, the storage size of the client is limited. In order to efficiently use storage resources of clients, our proposed scheme focuses on the fact that clients can download files stored in surrounding servers with low blocking probability. The proposed scheme regards a group of storages of a client and its surrounding servers as one storage. In particular, they preferentially store different files. By doing so, the probability that a file is stored at the client or its surrounding servers increases. Through simulation experiments, we show that the proposed scheme improves the blocking probability of file downloading efficiently.

Forgotten resources of older home care clients: Focus group study in Finland

In this qualitative focus group study, the resources available to older home-dwelling people, particularly incoming and existing home care clients, are described from the viewpoint of home care professionals (n = 32). The data were analyzed using inductive content analysis. There were three categories of older people requiring resources from the viewpoint of interviewers: home-dwelling people, incoming home care clients, and existing home care clients. Based on the analysis, the resources of older home-dwelling people were categorized in terms of support, meaningful life, everyday activities, and environment. Incoming home care client resources were support, out-of-home activities, in-home activities, and environment. Existing client resources were described in terms of support, everyday activities, and environment. Home care professionals described the resources of the older home-dwelling people in diverse ways, but those of the perspective of existing clients were reduced. The biggest difference was in everyday activities. Psychological and social resources, including meaningful life and social relationships, seemed to be forgotten. All available resources must be taken into account, especially in the everyday home care services for existing home care clients.

An Hybrid Text-Image Based Authentication for Cloud Services

The problem of securing access to the online information is acute today when access to bank accounts, health records, intellectual property and business or politically sensitive information are made by only a few clicks, regardless of geographic location. At the same time, more and more of these accesses are made from handsets. Cloud Computing is eminently suitable for addressing problems related to limited client resources, as it offloads computation from clients and offers dynamic provisioning of compute resources. Authentication of the companys users to the cloud service is mandatory because in this way it is eliminated the attacks risks to enter into the Cloud services. A suitable authentication is required for organizations that want to access the Cloud services. Our solution regards increasing security at the Security Access Point level of Cloud Computing and it is in fact a strong hybrid user authentication solution based on using image combined with text in order to avoid the weakness of simple user and password solution for authentication. A two factor password image based authentication method is proposed in this paper for cloud services. This authentication approach is used without additional hardware involved and presents the advantages of utilization in terms of security and usability. Every time when the user will be asked to provide his/her identity, a form for each image included in the photo will be listed. The user will have to remember the secret code for each image and to carefully introduce them in the forms. The global cloud access solution will be based on our hybrid proposed text-image based solution, and will be completed by the X.509 certificates.

Enterprise imaging: representing complex multi‐organizational service enterprises

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a visualization method developed as a result of an observed need to capture the organizational arrangements of a complex engineering service enterprise. The focal case study is between a public sector client and private sector provider where multiple organizations contribute resource to create value. This visualization can assist client and provider stakeholders to take a holistic perspective of the purpose and management of their enterprise, highlighting the complexity of value co‐creation in service enterprises and the interdependencies between organizational units.Design/methodology/approachDevelopment of the Enterprise Image has drawn on research within the service, organizational and individual cognition literatures. Data were obtained from an in‐depth Defence sector case study representing diverse interactions within client and provider communities. The case focused on a fast‐jet aircraft availability contract, where the public sector client outsourced through‐life support activities to a set of private sector providers. Preliminary testing of the validity and utility of the image was conducted by presentations to single and mixed communities of clients and providers involved in value co‐creation.FindingsThe paper proposes a method of pictorially representing a complex alliance, called an “Enterprise Image”. The work provides empirically based insight into the management processes of a complex, multi‐organizational service enterprise, where little or no enterprise level management had been in evidence. The Enterprise Image appeared to have the effect of raising questions and conversations about how the overall enterprise might be managed and how ongoing service improvement might be achieved.Practical implicationsIn this research the Enterprise Image was drawn by researchers – ongoing research aims to design a method that helps clients and providers co‐create their own Enterprise Image. From current findings the implication of this research will be to encourage enterprise management of ongoing improvement in multi‐organisational service enterprises.Originality/valueModels and representations for understanding the delivery of value are mostly provider and product focused, despite the recognition in a servitised environment of the complex interactions with client organizations. This paper presents a methodology for visually representing value co‐creation in complex service enterprises where the service includes significant client resource involvement.

A New Hybrid Algorithm to Solve the Task Scheduling Problem in Grid Computing

The new generation of networks, distributed systems, grid computing, which allows users to share files and Users need to use different sources to provide. Grid computing system as one of the competing technologies for cloud computing can be considered to have many advantages for users. One goal of grid computing systems, the management of computing resources for processing user applications or clients So that the resulting high quality of service, lower costs and greater flexibility is. In this paper, to solve the scheduling problem in grid computing system combining genetic algorithms and algorithms of gravity is used.

Aproximações possíveis da terapia focada na solução aos contextos grupais

A terapia focada na solução (TFS) é um tipo de terapia breve que propõe não ser necessário entender um problema para resolvê-lo. Estabelecendo metas concretas, terapeuta e cliente buscam exceções ao problema, forças e recursos que ajudem o cliente a construir uma vida mais satisfatória para si mesmo. Considerando a fertilidade dessa proposta terapêutica, o objetivo deste trabalho é analisar as possibilidades de utilização das contribuições da TFS no contexto grupal. A análise da incipiente literatura da área mostra que há trabalhos que envolvem diferentes grupos de pacientes que buscam utilizar-se de técnicas da TFS. Buscando aprofundar essa reflexão, analisamos duas propostas significativas nesse campo, as de Metcalf e Sharry. Ambos se valem de conceitos teóricos e técnicos da TFS em contextos grupais assim como apresentam inovações. A análise da visão de grupo sustentada por essas propostas indica uma marca individualista em Metcalf, enquanto Sharry o vê como uma entidade em seu próprio direito, que busca coesão e metas grupais. Uma análise crítica dessa literatura, contudo, aponta um viés tecnicista e, em consequência, a necessidade de maior elaboração teórica para sua efetiva contribuição à prática grupal.

SPARC Groups: A Model for Incorporating Spiritual Psychoeducation Into Group Work

The use of spirituality as a resource for clients within the counseling field is growing; however, the primary focus has been on individual therapy. The purpose of this article is to provide counseling practitioners, administrators, and researchers with an approach for incorporating spiritual psychoeducation into group work. The proposed model can be utilized in various settings from residential treatment to outpatient practice. This model is named SPARC, which denotes Spiritual Psychoeducation, Activities, Reflection, and Connection. It incorporates four components built on the foundation of being a competent counselor for spiritual psychoeducation groups. Detailed examples of six sessions are provided.

Client cloud Web service: reducing traffic consumption

AbstractThe availability of the Web service has been exposed to several threats such as distributed denial‐of‐service attack, which is not an unfamiliar terminology anymore. Sustaining availability against various attacks becomes the critical issue for high‐profile Web sites. In this paper, we propose a novel architecture providing Web service among client, called client cloud Web service, by utilizing resources of clients to enhance the availability. Client cloud Web service can be easily integrated into the current Internet protocol suite by providing a transparent layer in the middle of Hypertext Transfer Protocol layer and Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol layer. It is shown by simulations that the proposed architecture can efficiently reduce the traffic when both the size of Web items and the number of requests from clients increase. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Energy efficiency in wireless cellular networks based on dynamic power allocation

Energy efficiency is increasingly vital for wireless cellular systems due to the limited battery resources of mobile clients. Among previous work, many studies suggest different methods to reduce the transmission power in case of a fixed condition. However, according to the mobility of users and continuous variation of cellular network environment, the traffic load of base station (BS) and the channel state information (CSI) are varying. In this paper, we proposed a dynamic power allocation schedule to assign transmit power to mobile users in the downlink, resulting in optimal energy saving. The novel power allocation scheme was based on the coordination of neighbouring cells. The results showed that the scheme dramatically reduce the average bit error rate (BER) and total tranmitted power of the system, with the improvement of network capacity.

Energy efficient communications for future broadband cellular networks

Energy efficiency is increasingly important for wireless cellular systems due to the limited battery resources of mobile clients. While modern cellular standards emphasize low client battery consumption, existing techniques do not explicitly focus on reducing power that is consumed when a client is actively communicating with the network. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of the recently introduced power-bandwidth optimization techniques using realistic cellular system simulation model, which is compliant with the methodology proposed for the IEEE 802.16m standard.The paper addresses several practical trade-offs associated with the implementation of energy efficient schemes. Our simulation results indicate that energy efficient techniques continue to provide considerable power savings, even when accounting for realistic system parameters and channel environments.

MashCache: Taming Flash Crowds by Using Their Good Features

This paper presents MashCache, a scalable client-side architecture for taming harsh effects of flash crowds. Like previous systems, MashCache extensively makes use of client resources to cache and share frequently accessed contents. To design MashCache, we carefully investigated the quantitative analysis of flash crowds in the wild and found out that flash crowds have three good features that can be used to simplify the overall design of MashCache. First, flash crowds start up very slowly. MashCache has enough time to prepare for the coming flash crowds. Second, flash crowds last for a short period. Since the accessed content is rarely updated in this short period, MashCache can employ a simple mechanism for cache consistency. Finally, the clients issue the same requests on the target web sites. This feature simplifies the cache management of MashCache because the cache explosion can be avoided. By using these good features of flash crowds, MashCache advances the state-of-the-art of P2P based caching systems for flash crowds; MashCache is a pure P2P system that combines 1) aggressive caching, 2) query-origin key, 3) two-phase delta consistency, and 4) carefully designed cache meta data. MashCache has another advantage. Since it works completely on client-side, MashCache can tolerate flash crowds even if the external services the mashup depends on are not equipped with flash-crowd-resistant mechanisms. In the experiments with up to 2,500 emulated clients, a prototype of MashCache reduces the number of requests to the original web servers by 98.2% with moderate overheads.

Hypnosis Within a Psychospiritual Approach in the Case of a Woman Diagnosed With Dystonia

This case report describes a psychospiritual intervention utilizing hypnosis with a client seeking help for problems with involuntary movement of the right arm and hand, accompanied by a great deal of pain. Doctors had diagnosed her condition as dystonia with the presumption that it was primarily physical in nature. She came to Carolinas Integrative Health seeking an integrative approach to her problem, one that brings together conventional and complementary medicine. The client was referred to the author by the Medical Director for a mind/body/spirit approach, including hypnosis. Initial evaluation suggested there might be a psychogenic component to the problem. The client also revealed a spiritual worldview, theistic in nature. Utilizing hypnosis, together with a process the author calls "Centering in Self," the client's spiritual beliefs and resources were accessed and utilized in bringing about resolution of pain and almost complete cessation of involuntary movements.

Person‐centred therapy with a client experiencing social anxiety difficulties: A hermeneutic single case efficacy design

AbstractBackground: Social anxiety is a chronic, debilitating psychological condition. Hermeneutic Single Case Efficacy Design (HSCED) is a legalistic mixed‐method case study method for evaluating therapy efficacy in single cases. Aims: Using a case of Person‐Centred Therapy (PCT) with a client experiencing social anxiety difficulties, we addressed the standard HSCED research questions of pre‐post client change, causal role of therapy, and change processes. In addition, we explored adaptations to HSCED for ambiguous outcomes. Method: Based on a rich case record, affirmative and sceptic cases were constructed and adjudicated by three judges. Results: The judges held that the client changed considerably (but not substantially) and that therapy contributed considerably to client change. Change processes central to PCT were held to be active, as were client resources. Implications: The new procedures enabled judges to make sense of the ambiguous outcome data and can be further extended and developed. PCT can bring about considerable change in socially anxious clients.

Wisdom in Old-Time Self-Treatment

Most people have been taking care of themselves for a long time. Sometimes they might share surprising old-time self-healing wisdom that rings true with currently accepted nursing practice. Nurses must learn about clients' health care practices and resources to be of assistance.

Providing General and Preconception Health Care to Low Income Women in Family Planning Settings: Perception of Providers and Clients

This study examines both provider and client perceptions of the extent to which general health concerns are addressed in the context of publicly supported family planning care. A mail survey of family planning providers (n = 459) accepting Medicaid-covered clients in Arkansas and Alabama gathered data on reported actions and resource referral availability for ten categories of non-contraceptive health concerns. A telephone survey of recent family planning clients of these providers (n = 1991) gathered data on the presence of 16 health concerns and whether and how they were addressed by the family planning provider. Data were collected in 2006-2007. More than half (56%) of clients reported having one or more general health concerns. While 43% of those concerns had been discussed with the family planning providers, only 8% had been originally identified by these providers. Women with higher trust in physicians and usual sources of general health care were more likely to discuss their concerns. Of those concerns discussed, 39% were reportedly treated by the family planning provider. Similarly, over half of responding providers reported providing treatment for acute and chronic health conditions and counseling on health behaviors during family planning visits. Lack of familiarity with referral resources for uninsured clients was identified as a significant concern in the provision of care to these clients. Greater engagement by providers in identifying client health concerns and better integration of publicly supported family planning with other sources of health care for low income women could expand the existing potential for delivering preconception or general health care in these settings.

Pattern Matching Based Forecast of Non-periodic Repetitive Behavior for Cloud Clients

The Cloud phenomenon brings along the cost-saving benefit of dynamic scaling. As a result, the question of efficient resource scaling arises. Prediction is necessary as the virtual resources that Cloud computing uses have a setup time that is not negligible. We propose an approach to the problem of workload prediction based on identifying similar past occurrences of the current short-term workload history. We present in detail the Cloud client resource auto-scaling algorithm that uses the above approach to help when scaling decisions are made, as well as experimental results by using real-world Cloud client application traces. We also present an overall evaluation of this approach, its potential and usefulness for enabling efficient auto-scaling of Cloud user resources.

Supplemental Resources for Counseling Grieving Clients

We recommend the following resources to give depth to the topics discussed in this special section. These materials may also be beneficial to clients or their parents. I will briefly review target audiences for these resources. Association for Death Education and Counseling website, http:// www.adec.org. The Association for Death Education and Counseling (ADEC) is a multidisciplinary professional organization that shares information relevant to death education, care of the dying, grief counseling, and thanatology in general. Empirical publications, general resources, current events, membership information, and a thanatologist finder are among the features on the website. Though it is accessible to the general public, the website is intended primarily for the professional community; some sections are available only to ADEC members. American Academy of Children and Adolescent Psychiatry. Facts for families: Children and grief. Retrieved June 14, 2009, from http://www.aacap.org/ cs/root/facts_for_families/children and_grief. The Academy website contains useful information for individuals helping children who are grieving. Boss, P. (1999). Ambiguous loss: Learning to live with unresolved grief. Cambridge, MA: Harvard College. Boss, P. (2006). Loss, trauma, and resilience: Therapeutic work with ambiguous loss. New York, NY: Norton. Pauline Boss wrote this and the previous text to assist bereaved persons who have mourned for a significant period of time yet feel they cannot live beyond their grief. A practicing psychotherapist, she uses clinical experience, anecdotes, and personal experiences to explain the grieving process. Her stated intent is to normalize the grieving process and challenge the expectation that grieving should end at a specific time for everyone. The previous book is targeted to a lay audience, this one to a professional one. Center for Loss and Life Transition (CLFT), http://www.centerforloss.com/ index.php. The CLFT, located in Fort Collins, Colorado, offers an extensive series of training workshops. It also publishes an online newsletter, provides access to articles, and has a bookstore. Children's Grief Education Association (CGEA), http://www.childgrief.org. The CGEA is dedicated to serving the needs of grieving children and their families and provides education and support to caregivers. It provides both online courses and useful information about children and grief. Congress, E. P. (2004). Cultural and ethical issues in working with culturally diverse patients and their families: The use of the culturagram to promote culturally competent practice in health care settings. In A. Metteri, T. Kroger, A. Pohjola, & P. Rauhala (Eds.), Social work visions from around the globe: Citizens, methods, and approaches (pp. 249-262). New York: Routledge. The authors present an assessment tool, the culturagram, to help mental health professionals understand culturally diverse clients. The culturagram covers 10 areas of diversity: reasons for relocation, legal status, time in community, language, health beliefs, crisis events, holidays and special events, contact with cultural and religious institutions, values about education and work, and values about families. The authors also outline clinical implications in working with culturally diverse clients. Goldman, L. (2005). Children also grieve: Talking about death and healing. Philadelphia, PA: Jessica Kingsley Publishers. This text is an imaginative resource, illustrated with color photographs, that offers support and reassurance to children who have lost a close friend or relative. The book also offers information to adults about supporting children through their bereavement. The combination of narrative and interactive memory in the first part of the book is designed for children. The second part contains vocabulary words to help children express their feelings about bereavement, a bibliography of resources for children and adults, and a section for adults wishing to help children through the grief process. …

Collaborative Caching Architecture for Continuous Query in Mobile Database

Problem statement: Cooperative caching, which allows sharing and coordination of cached data among clients, is a potential technique to improve the data access performance and availability in mobile ad hoc networks. However, variable data sizes, frequent data updates, limited client resources, insufficient wireless bandwidth and client’s mobility make cache management faces many challenges. Approach: In this study, we propose a Cluster Cache Collaborative (CCC) to reduce the average delay and increase the local cache hit ratio. Our architecture considers several factors that affect cache performance, namely: access probability, query status, distance between the requester and data source/cache, and data size. A collaborative cache management strategy, intra/inter cluster, is developed that employs Last Recently Used (LRU) and Time-To-Live (TTL) as the replacement data policy. Results: Our proposed architecture is being evaluated and compared to previous study’ architectures, and result shows that our architecture is different from other approaches by including query status model into a collaborative caching architecture to reduce the number of hopes between the requested node and the source node. Conclusion/Discussion: Due to the limitations of previous study’ architectures, this study attempts to enhance the performance of the continuous query (collaborative cache management) with respect to the local cache hit ratio and the average delay.

Work Roles and Functions of Undergraduate Rehabilitation Services Alumni: A Pilot Study

A modified Delphi procedure was used to identify frequency and perceived importance of professional roles and functions that undergraduate rehabilitation services alumni perform. After a series of focus groups with alumni to develop task statements and subsequent input by rehabilitation educators who teach in undergraduate rehabilitation services programs, a final list of 102 job task statements was identified. In an online survey, 179 respondents from 19 undergraduate programs indicated that providing emotional support to clients, writing client progress and summary notes, advocating for clients, conducting interviews with clients and/or family members to obtain background information, and identifying and securing community resources for clients are job tasks they perform frequently and perceive as very important to their work. Conversely, administrative duties associated with recruiting and hiring staff and other volunteers, preparing budget reports, securing funding to support agency or facility activities, assessing programs to ensure compliance for accreditation reviews and conducting hiring interviews of staff were seen as work tasks/functions performed less frequently and not particularly germane to their work roles. These findings may be useful to develop accreditation standards for undergraduate rehabilitation services training. Recommendations for future research are addressed. et al.

A Novel Network Service Mode of Geospatial Information and its Prototype System

This paper proposes a novel digital earth platform framework, which is a application, service and decision-making support systems of geospatial data acquisition, storage, transmission, conversion, processing, analysis, retrieval, expression and output as a unified body, the core of which is to deal with geospatial data for spatial geographic information network service Geo-Browser/Geospatial Information Server (G/S) mode and Hyper Geographic Markup Language (HGML). Depth understanding and analysis of platform architecture, this paper realizes of digital earth platform prototype – U-Star based on the geospatial information network service G/S mode, the platform has the merits of C/S mode that full use of client resources, efficient to deal with the client data, as well as the advantages of B/S mode that the unified client and convenient to access network. This platform is a new server which can cope with massive geospatial information and a solution which can provide efficient service. It has already been applied into many fields, such as the digital tourism service system, the time sequence analysis of Wenchuan Earthquake, the real-time video monitoring based on the digital earth platform and the intelligent processing and exhibition of remote sensing data. The result indicates that the perfection of space, time and complexion of the geospatial information network accessing will effectively improve the quality and efficiency of the shared data, which has very important theoretical significance and bright prospect of application.