Resistant Tubercle Bacilli Research Articles

Effect of cortisone on mice infected with chromogens and with isoniazid resistant tubercle bacilli.

Summary1) The virulence for mice of INHR laboratory strains of H37Rv was increased when cortisone was administered. 2) Cortisone also increased the pathogenicity for mice to some extent of 2 of 4 scotochromogens and 3 of 9 photochromogens tested. Seven Battey strains were unaffected.

Nicotinamidase in Mycobacteria: a method for distinguishing bovine type tubercle bacilli from other Mycobacteria.

BOVINE type tubercle bacilli have been differentiated from other Mycobacteria by means of growth characteristics and pathogenecity for animals. They usually grow dysgonic in its original culture and are pathogenic for guinea pigs and rabbits. However, many laboratory strains of bovine tubercle bacilli now grow eugonic and can not be differentiated from growth characteristics, and furthermore, avirulent strains of bovine type tubercle bacilli like BCG or isoniazid resistant bovine tubercle bacilli have been developed, and they can not be differentiated from animal pathogenecity. Konno et al.1,2 suggested simple chemical method to distinguish human tubercle bacilli from bovine tubercle bacilli or atypical Mycobacteria applying high nicotinic acid production of human tubercle bacilli. Halpern and Grossowicz3 studied nicotinamidase activity of the extracts of M. phlei and BCG and reported M. phlei revealed high nicotinamidase activity than BCG. Bonicke and Lisboa4 compared nicotinamidase of emulsion of human tubercle bacilli and bovine tubercle bacilli and reported high nicotinamidase of human tubercle bacilli.

Study on the natural resistance of tubercle bacillus

1). ln order to measure the natural resistance of Tubercle Bacilli in this country, the sensitivity test was carried out with the sputum of 42 pulmonary T. B. cases who stated that they had no previous treatment with Anti TB drugs such as S M l N H and PAS, at the time of their first visit to this clinic.2). The natural resistance rates of Tubercle bacilli in the sputum of those cases were 0.8% in the culture containing5r of SM, 1. 7% in 10r of PAS and 2.4% in 10r of INH per cc of culture.3). These natural resistance rates were shown to be higher than those reported in the foreign literatures.4). It was felt, through this study, that an accurate measurement of the natural resistance rate of Tubercle bacilli is quite difficult task due to the various social factors in Korea.

Report on the sensitivity tests of the pulmonary tuberculosis patient treated with anti-tuberculous drags

1) The sputum of 50 pulmonary T. B. patients, treated by the various combination of Anti-TB drugs or a long-term , was examined by the sensitivity test at stated periods in order to find the emerging rate of the resistant Tubercle bacilli.2) 17% were resistant to 5mcg/ cc INH, at 6 months-treatment, and 100% where treatment was carried out for more than one year.20% were resistant to10mcg/cc of culture at 6 months, but thereafter, no significant increase of the rate was noticed. The resistance rate to 10mcg/cc SM was notably increased following treatment fot one year. The rates shown in this study are quite similar to those reported by others in Korea and foreign countries.3) lt was felt that accurate information concerning the duration of treatment and the administered dosage prior to a sensitivity test plays an important role in interpreting the results of sensitivity tests.

Kanamycinに関する研究

Kanamycinに関する研究

A Case of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Infected with SM and PAS Resistant Tubercle Bacilli

A Case of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Infected with SM and PAS Resistant Tubercle Bacilli

Should We Treat Tuberculin Converters?

SUMMARY 1.Primary tuberculosis is not a localized disease as is commonly thought, but has demonstrable hematogeneous dissemination in most cases. The seriousness of the disease varied with age, having a high mortality under two years of age from these hematogeneous complications. From two to five years there are still significant numbers that develop tuberculous meningitis. 2.We are finding as many new and as far advanced cases as we found five years ago. Serious tuberculosis still occurs in children. 3.Isoniazid alone will not prevent all hematogeneous complications since over ten per cent of new admissions to a tuberculosis hospital have isoniazid resistant tubercle bacilli. 4.There is no known safe drug combination that will sterilize experimentally produced tuberculosis in animals, therefore, it is not probable that we will sterilize primary lesions in people. 5.With as little as 220 days of streptomycin, PAS, and isoniazid given concurrently, it has been possible to prevent the immediate hematogeneous complications of primary tuberculosis. There is no assurance, however, that reinfection tuberculosis will not develop later. 6.A positive tuberculin test has less immunological value than previously thought because it is from original foci that reinfection type tuberculosis develops after puberty. The conversion of a skin test from positive back to negative was known to occur long before drug therapy was introduced and is no real indication that all of the tubercle bacilli are killed. 7.While our antituberculous drugs seems to be less toxic in children than in adults, serious toxic reactions occur so treatment without adequate observation is not safe.

Drug resistant tubercle bacilli in a community.

Drug resistant tubercle bacilli in a community.

Microbial resistance to antibiotics.

Excerpt Ever since the introduction of antibiotics there has been considerable interest in the problems stemming from the resistance of certain species or strains of bacteria. Because of the experi...

結核菌のStreptomycin耐性獲得並びにその緩解に関する実驗的研究

結核菌のStreptomycin耐性獲得並びにその緩解に関する実驗的研究

Neomycin therapy; its use in virus pneumonia, tuberculosis and diseases caused by gram-negative bacteria.

Neomycin, an antibiotic isolated by Waksman and his associates1from Actinomyces fradii, was tested by its discoverers against selected organisms and by our group2against 370 strains of bacteria, viruses and protozoa in vitro and in experimental animals. The average inhibitory concentration of neomycin expressed in units per cubic centimeter of test medium in vitro was 0.1 for Listeria, 0.9 for Salmonella typhosa, 0.16 for paratyphoid bacilli, 1.3 for other Salmonella, 1.0 for Shigella, 0.44 for Escherichia, 1.9 for Aerobacter, 1.8 for Klebsiella, 1.05 for Proteus, 3.1 for Pseudomonas, 0.8 for Brucella, 0.12 for Pasteurella, 0.4 for cholera vibrios, 0.1 for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 0.15 for Treponemataceae and 4.7 for Endameba histolytica; the range of activity varied from doses equivalent to approximately one tenth of the average to about twenty times higher concentrations. Neomycin was active against both streptomycin sensitive and streptomycin resistant tubercle and typhoid bacilli. Grampositive cocci

The inability of p-aminosalicylic acid to delay the emergence of streptomycin resistant tubercle bacilli in mice.

The inability of p-aminosalicylic acid to delay the emergence of streptomycin resistant tubercle bacilli in mice.

The behaviour of mixtures of streptomycin-sensitive and -resistant tubercle bacilli in liquid medium sensitivity tests.

The behaviour of mixtures of streptomycin-sensitive and -resistant tubercle bacilli in liquid medium sensitivity tests.

Drainage, Streptomycin and Tuberculosis

In conclusion, it is of interest to speculate on the possible correlation between the degree of drainage from a tuberculous focus located in any part of the body, and the development of resistance of tubercle bacilli to streptomycin. In general it has been shown that when clearing of the lesion is taking place in a satisfactory manner, resistance of the organisms to streptomycin does not develop. Conversely where streptomycin does not affect an early favorable result, an increasing resistance of the organisms is the rule. A lack of adequate drainage may play a definite role in the development of resistance.

Occurrence of Streptomycin Resistant Tubercle Bacilli in Mice Treated with Streptomycin.

SummaryStreptomycin resistant tubercle bacilli were obtained from the majority of intravenously tubercularized mice treated with amounts of streptomycin which permitted a relatively loag survival time.

Streptomycin resistant tubercle bacilli; incidence in patients treated with streptomycin.

Streptomycin resistant tubercle bacilli; incidence in patients treated with streptomycin.

Streptomycin resistant tubercle bacilli; their development during streptomycin therapy of pulmonary tuberculosis.

Streptomycin resistant tubercle bacilli; their development during streptomycin therapy of pulmonary tuberculosis.

Persistence of Resistance of Tubercle Bacilli to Streptomycin During Passage Through Guinea Pigs

Youmans and associates1 have reported that tubercle bacilli from 8 of 12 patients treated with streptomycin had a resistance to this drug 500 to 1,000 times as great as that of cultures taken before treatment with streptomycin. We have studied cultures from tuberculous patients before and during the course of treatment with streptomycin and also have observed this phenomenon. In some instances cultures of tubercle bacilli have shown a resistance to more than 10,000 times the concentration of streptomycin compared to those obtained prior to treatment.Preliminary observations indicate that resistance to streptomycin may persist after repeated subculture and storage in the refrigerator. We present herewith our findings that tubercle bacilli isolated from guinea pigs inoculated with sputum, urine or material obtained on gastric lavage from tuberculous patients who were being treated with streptomycin are as resistant as cultures isolated directly from the same materials.Methods, Specimens of sputum, urine or ...

The Resistance of Tubercle Bacilli to Dry Heat

Although as a general rule all bacteria are more resistant to heat when dry, the degree of resistance of the tubercle bacillus to dry heat as given seems very great. Thus, Schill and Fischer1 used sputum dried 98 or 142 days and failed to infect pigs after one hour's heating. A sputum dried only five days infected all the pigs after one-half hour's heating. After one hour's heating only one of three pigs became tuberculous. Grancher and Ledoux-Lebard2 conclude from their experiments, that heating to 1000 C. for two or three hours reduces the virulence of cultures but does not destroy it. A comparison of these two reports shows little agreement. A repetition of the work therefore seemed advisable.