Resistance Properties Research Articles

Cyclic thermal shock resistance and tribological properties of AlCrSiN, AlTiSiN and AlCrSiN/AlTiSiN multilayer hard coatings

Cyclic thermal shock resistance and tribological properties of AlCrSiN, AlTiSiN and AlCrSiN/AlTiSiN multilayer hard coatings

Facile preparation of soybean protein-based oil-resistant paper for food packaging

The use of plastic packaging is harmful to the environment. Due to the advantages of degradability, renewability, and safety of paper packaging materials, replacing plastic with paper has received much attention. However, the poor oil resistance of traditional paper constrains its application. In this research, oil-resistant agent is prepared using soy protein isolate and montmorillonite through physical blending. This oil-resistant agent has advantages of low cost and food safety. Subsequently, food packaging oil-proof paper is obtained by coating the above-mentioned coating on paper. This oil-proof paper has good heat resistance, oil resistance (kit rating is 8/12) and mechanical properties. In addition, it is found that the optimal storage environment for the oil-proof paper. This study provides a feasible method for producing, biodegradable, and eco-friendly food packaging oil-proof paper.

Preparation of a novel laser cladding Ni-based alloy with promising applications in high-temperature conditions: Genetic design, multi-phase evolution, and synergy mechanism

Developing novel Ni-based alloys is crucial for remanufacturing key friction parts at 800-1200 ℃ in metallurgical industry with multiple failure mechanisms, such as wear, corrosion, and adhesion. This paper adopts genetic algorithm to design high-temperature Ni-based alloy with three genetic structures of wear resistance, anti-corrosion, and self-lubricating. By combining simulation calculation and experimental methods, the evolution of the three genetic structures of the laser cladding alloy and the performance strengthening mechanism were deeply studied. The laser clad Ni17Cr10Co7Al5Ti3W2C1S sample of optimized composition had three genetic structures: Cr7C3/TiC wear resistance phases, γ/γ′ anti-oxidation and anti-corrosion phases, Ti2SC/TiS self-lubricating phases. Compared with Cr28Ni48W5 superalloy, the wear rate of the optimal sample was 2.31×10-5 mm3/(N·m) under 800 ℃ friction condition, and reduced by 97%. The friction coefficient of the sample at high temperature was 0.2, approximately half of the substrate alloy, and the self-lubricating performance was significantly improved. Electrochemical tests indicated that the polarizing potential of the sample was -0.16 VSCE in 3.5wt. % NaCl solution. The mechanism of three genetic structures evolution and synergistic enhanced wear resistance, anti-corrosion, and self-lubricating properties were elaborated. Specifically, the key gene of Ti2SC plays a profound role in improving the high-temperature wear resistance and self-lubricating performance of the novel laser clad Ni-based alloy sample. These findings present a novel avenue of material design and preparation for laser additive manufacturing and remanufacturing of key friction parts with high-performance at 800-1200 ℃ in complex metallurgical working conditions.

Bio-based waterborne polyurethanes from castor oil, sorbitan monooleate and sodium lignosulfonate with ultraviolet resistance, photothermal effect, corrosion protection and degradation properties

The advancement of bio-based materials derived from renewable resources provides a pivotal strategic approach to address the problems of environmental pollution and scarce fossil resources. In this study, a series of bio-based waterborne polyurethanes (WPUs) with enhanced UV resistance, photothermal effect and corrosion resistance were prepared by using sorbitan monooleate (SP) and castor oil (CO) as vegetable polyols together with the introduction of sodium lignosulfonate modified of diethanolamine (DML). The WPU coatings of only 100 μm thickness, exhibited UV blocking rate > 99 % between 200 and 320 nm. Furthermore, the synthesized WPUs had superior adhesion to aluminum, tinplate, and PVC surface, with adhesion to tinplate of up to 5B and hardness of up to 3H. Additionally, the WPU coatings showed favorable photothermal effect when exposed to 1.05 W/cm2 of near-infrared light irradiation, with maximum surface temperature of 93 °C. The WPU coatings demonstrated noteworthy corrosion protection, with high corrosion protection efficiency of 96.97 % on tinplate. This study presents a new strategy for the synthesis of bio-based WPUs with excellent ultraviolet resistance, favorable photothermal effect, corrosion protection, and degradability. The unique properties lay the foundation for the applications of bio-based WPUs in the field of industrial coatings.

The tribological behaviour of titanium alloys suitable for dental implants: A short review

Abstract Titanium and its alloys play a vital role in dental implantology, providing a stable foundation for replacement teeth and restoring oral function effectively. Titanium alloys, particularly CP-Ti and Ti-6Al-4V, are widely utilized due to their biocompatibility, corrosion resistance and mechanical properties. However, concerns arise regarding the release of cytotoxic elements and stress shielding effects. Addressing these concerns requires advancements in material design and tribological properties. Research focuses on developing low modulus β-type Ti-based alloys with improved wear resistance and biocompatibility, incorporating elements like niobium, tantalum or zirconium. This review explores the tribological implications of these advancements, focussing on the implantabutment interface, emphasizing the need for optimized titanium alloys for dental implant applications.

Multi-scale study on the crack resistance and energy dissipation mechanism of modified rubberized concrete

This study investigates the impact of rubber aggregates with different particle sizes, volume proportions, and pretreatment methods on the crack resistance and energy dissipation properties of rubberized concrete (RuC). The mechanisms of crack resistance and energy consumption are analyzed from macroscopic, mesoscopic, and microscopic perspectives using static and dynamic performance tests, digital image correlation (DIC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). These techniques reveal changes in crack patterns, interface transition zones, and pore characteristics. The findings demonstrate that rubber aggregates significantly slow crack propagation and enhance damping energy dissipation, with the volume content of rubber being the most critical factor. The inclusion of rubber aggregates introduces "cavity defects" into the concrete structure, which accounts for RuC's reduced strength compared to standard concrete while highlighting its advantages in vibration reduction and energy absorption. These insights are essential for advancing research on material modifications and microscopic numerical simulations, contributing to reduced carbon emissions.

Development of a novel emulsified asphalt enhanced steel slag-based geopolymer foamed concrete

Steel slag-based geopolymer foamed concrete (SSGFC) provide a promising value-added and carbon-neutral strategy for the re-utilization of SS, and the strength and physical properties of SSGFC are essential to its practical application. Therefore, this study proposes to use emulsified asphalt (EA) to improve the pore structure, compressive strength, water resistance and thermal insulation properties SSGFC. Firstly, different contents of EA were added into the foaming solution to prepare modified foam, and then SSGFC samples were prepared by using modified foam and steel slag-based geopolymer. The fresh properties, microstructure, pore structure, reaction products and physical properties of SSGFC samples were investigated. The results indicate that EA can reduce the fluidity and settlement value of the paste and increase the setting time. The addition of EA leads to a decrease in hydration products, but it can reduce the average pore diameter of the SSGFC and improve its pore diameter distribution. The SSGFC sample prepared by modified foam with 10 % EA showed the best physical properties. Compared with the control group, its compressive strength increased by 21.4 %, water absorption decreased by 16.5 %, and thermal conductivity decreased by 31.3 %. Therefore, EA shows significant potential to enhance the performance of SSGFC, thus providing reliable support for its practical applications.

Functionalized graphite nanosheet/organosilicon composite coatings with soft-hard structures: Excellent wear resistance and hydrogen barrier properties

Functionalized graphite nanosheet/organosilicon composite coatings with soft-hard structures: Excellent wear resistance and hydrogen barrier properties

Single fiber tensile strength of seagrasses and the development and characterization of zostera marina-based medium density boards

This study investigates the potential of the leaves of the seagrass Zostera marina (ZM) as an alternative raw material for the production medium-density boards. In the first part, the tensile strength properties of various types of seagrasses were investigated. Posidonia oceanica fibers (POF) exhibited a mean tensile strength of up to 123 MPa, while its leaves (POL) reached up to 27 MPa. The ZM leaves also showed a similar tensile strength to Posidonia oceanica leaves, 22.9 MPa. In the second part, ZM leaves and wood fibers (WF) are further processed to produce medium density boards with densities ranging from 500 to 700 kgm−3. The boards were evaluated for fire resistance, thermal conductivity, mechanical strength, and water resistance-related properties. ZM-boards demonstrated high fire resistance and lower thermal conductivity compared to boards based on wood fiber (WF), i.e. medium density fiberboards (MDF), of similar density. However, due to the low tensile strength and unique morphology of the seagrass leaves, ZM-boards display a lower flexural strength (up to 10.9 MPa) and lower resistance to water absorption compared to boards produced from wood fibers (WF). Boards made by Zostera marina can be a promising alternative to commercial MDF panels especially for interior applications prioritizing fire protection and thermal insulation but they are mainly suited for non-structural uses. Further examination of its acoustic properties would assess its potential applications as sound-absorbing architectural panels.

Konjac Glucomannan‐Based Edible Films: Method, Properties, and Applications

ABSTRACTKonjac glucomannan (KGm) has emerged as a promising candidate in the realm of sustainable packaging materials due to its biodegradability, biocompatibility, and unique chemical properties. Derived from the konjac plant tuber, KGm is primarily composed of glucose and mannose units linked by β‐1,4 glycosidic bonds, which impart high molecular weight, acetylation levels, and functional characteristics such as viscosity, gel‐forming ability, and water absorption capacity. In the food industry, KGm films serve as edible coatings on fruits and vegetables, extending shelf life by creating a protective barrier against moisture and oxygen. KGm‐based films are used in controlled release formulations, wound healing dressings, and tissue engineering scaffolds. Various manufacturing techniques such as solvent casting, microfluidic spinning, and electrospinning are used to customize the mechanical properties and structure of KGm films for specific applications. Ongoing research aims to enhance water resistance and barrier properties through innovations such as composite formulations and cross‐linking methods. Looking ahead, further developments in KGm‐based edible films hold promise for addressing environmental concerns linked to traditional plastic packaging materials.

Enhanced corrosion resistance and photothermal antibacterial properties of MAO/PCL-PDA/NG composite coating on Mg alloy

Enhanced corrosion resistance and photothermal antibacterial properties of MAO/PCL-PDA/NG composite coating on Mg alloy

Dandelion inspired multi-functional superhydrophobic bamboo scrimber with desirable humidity resistance

Bamboo scrimber is high value added biomass fiber composites from natural bamboo due to its excellent multiple properties. However, the hydrophilicity of bamboo scrimber make it being susceptible to mold, fungi decay, colour changing and cracking during outdoors application. Therefore, wind blowing dandelion inspired multi-functional superhydrophobic bamboo scrimber was fabricated by spraying solution of Cu2O nanoparticles (NPs) modified phenol formaldehyde (PF) resin, immersing ethanol solution of stearic acid, followed by growth of copper stearate nanowires. The superhydrophobic bamboo scrimber exhibited desirable chemical and mechanical durability, liquid permeability, ultraviolet resistance, self-cleaning and anti-fouling properties, as well as mold resistance. More importantly, the modified bamboo scrimber performed best humidity resistance over 136 days under relative humidity of 85 % in this field, which can be attributed to the dense nanostructure of copper stearate nanowires. Furthermore, a specific bamboo cellulose crystalline model from natural bamboo to bamboo scrimber was firstly proposed to support the improvement of hardness. This work provide an biomimetic strategy for bamboo scrimber superhydrophobic modification, and it’s also innovative to promote the high value development of biomass composites.

Experimental study on deformation mechanism around indentation of GH4169 alloy

The GH4169 alloy is widely used in engineering structures due to its excellent high-temperature strength, corrosion resistance, and mechanical properties. However, local stresses during plastic deformation significantly impact its macroscopic mechanical performance. This study investigates the residual deformation fields and plastic deformation mechanisms around local indentations using digital image correlation (DIC), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and nanoindentation. The results show that the indentation rate affects the accumulation of geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs). Increasing the loading rate from 2mN/s to 20mN/s leads to a 32% increase in GNDs. When the loading strain rate increases from 0.01s-1 to 0.2s-1, GNDs increase by 43%. Moreover, indentations initiate more than two slip systems in the alloy crystals, with slip trace lines consistent with theoretical predictions. The plastic deformation field distribution around the indentations, obtained using DIC, reveals the influence range of slip generation due to indentations to be around 10 μm.

Crystallization behavior of smelting slag for recovery of platinum group metals from spent automotive catalysts and preparation of foamed glass-ceramics

Spent automotive catalysts (SAC), as a significant secondary resource for platinum group metals (PGMs), can be recovered on a large scale through high-temperature smelting. Besides, as a byproduct, the glass slag lacks high-value applications. This paper proposes a recyclable method to convert slag, graphite powder (GP), and ferric oxide (Fe2O3) into foamed glass-ceramics through low-temperature sintering, significantly reducing environmental impacts and production costs. Non-isothermal differential thermal analysis was used to explore the transition and crystallization temperature range, transition kinetic, crystallization kinetic, and crystallization behavior of the glass slag. Furthermore, the influence of the foaming agent composition and heat treatment temperature on the physical properties, chemical resistance, and mechanical properties of the foamed glass-ceramics was investigated. Foamed glass-ceramics composed of 60wt% slag-30wt% Fe2O3-10wt% GP exhibited the excellent properties of a geometric density of 1.43 g/cm3, a volumetric water absorption of 26.32%, a compressive strength of 8.08 MPa, and a mass loss of 3.56% in strong acid and 0.08% in strong alkali after low temperature heat treatment at 1160°C. This study provides an insight into transforming low-value waste into high-performance foamed glass-ceramics.

Leaf-vein-inspired robust and UV-resistant nanocomposite paper for passive building cooling and fire protection

Passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC) technology is a promising technology that can realize zero-energy consumption. The flexible PDRC materials attract much attention owing to their broad applicability. However, the flexible PDRC materials always show unsatisfactory mechanical performance, especially when exposed to prolonged sunlight irradiation. In addition, their fire resistance is also a cause for concern. Herein, inspired by a hierarchical leaf vein structure, a pliable, UV-resistant, nonflammable, robust nanocomposite cooling paper (HTP) composed of hydroxyapatite nanowires (HNWs) and TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers (TOCNFs) is developed. Through customizing interfacial engineering to introduce physical entanglement and multiple bonding, the leaf-vein-analogous hollow networks formed by HNWs are reinforced by TOCNFs, fully leveraging the advantages of one-dimensional inorganic HNWs and organic TOCNFs at the nanoscale. This enables the HTP to achieve excellent mechanical strength and PDRC performance with a small amount of TOCNFs doping. HTP exhibit a high tensile strength of 48.56 MPa and Young's modulus of 3.07 GPa, surpassing most previously reported flexible PDRC materials. Furthermore, HTP demonstrates outstanding flame resistance and anti-UV aging properties, which benefit from frameworks formed by HNWs and TOCNFs. The exceptional overall performance overcomes the limitations of conventional polymer-based flexible PDRC materials, significantly advancing the practical application of flexible PDRC materials, especially for building cooling.

Rubber-assisted and modulated epoxy topological network for developing fatigue-resistant, high-strain-cycle high performance shape memory polymer composites

High performance shape memory polymer (HPSMP) has a wide range of application such as smart device, smart mold. In this study, we designed a rigid-flexible shape memory epoxy with flexible chain segment as the main chain and rigid benzene ring as the side group. Meanwhile, carboxyl-terminated nitrile butadiene rubber (CTBN) was accessed into the epoxy main chain as a fatigue-resistant functional filler. The results showed that the flexible backbone plays a major role in improving the ductility. The superior fatigue-resistant shape memory cycling performance was synergistically achieved by modulating the epoxy topological network through altering the disulfide cross-linker prompted by CTBN, and the materials exhibited good high and low-temperature resistant mechanical properties. Comparatively, it is found that disulfide bonding can significantly improve the tensile property and thermal stability for epoxy. The synergistic effect between the elastic chain segments in CTBN and the flexible backbone achieves excellent shape recovery ratio. Therefore, the rational structural design provides an effective way to develop HPSMP, which can expand the application areas for HPSMP.

Effect of Stress Level on the Frost Resistance and Uniaxial Compressive Properties of Desert Sand Concrete

Effect of Stress Level on the Frost Resistance and Uniaxial Compressive Properties of Desert Sand Concrete

Corrigendum to “Use of waste to wealth process derived sustainable silica-rich graphene analogues to provide enhanced corrosion resistance properties for coatings on carbon steel, exposed to marine environments” [Surf. Coat. Technol. 464 (2023) 129420

Corrigendum to “Use of waste to wealth process derived sustainable silica-rich graphene analogues to provide enhanced corrosion resistance properties for coatings on carbon steel, exposed to marine environments” [Surf. Coat. Technol. 464 (2023) 129420

Optimizing engineering potential in sustainable structural concrete brick utilizing pond ash and unwashed recycled glass sand integration

The Australian construction sector faces a dual challenge of high demand for concrete bricks and the need for sustainable materials. This research investigates eco-friendly structural concrete brick formulations, incorporating pond ash and unwashed recycled glass sand. It aims to provide scientific evidence on their engineering performance as per AS/NZS 4455.1:2008 standard, thermal insulation, and fire resistance properties. Additionally, microstructural, chemical, and pore-structure analyses are carried out to gain insights into the reaction mechanisms and the evolution of their properties. Findings indicate that bricks with 15% pond ash and 20% unwashed glass sand meet structural requirements with compression strength of 29.63MPa at 28 days. Enhanced thermal insulation is observed due to the lower densities of pond ash and glass sand. After a 2-hour exposure to elevated temperatures, the unexposed surface of these bricks remains below 180°C, satisfying fire resistance criteria for wall elements. However, microstructure and chemistry analyses suggest lower compression and tensile strength comparable conventional bricks because of low reactivity of the pond ash and the smooth surface of the glass sand.

Strategic insights of imparting flame retardancy into nano-cellulosic materials: A review

Nanocellulose (NC) is a biomaterial with prospective use as a futuristic material. NC-based materials have several diverse uses, and their demand is growing every year. However, because of their highly flammable nature, the use of NC in harsh settings is greatly restricted. Hence, it is crucial to minimize the risk of fire caused by NC-based materials to maintain a superior level of performance. To diminish the inherent flammability of these substances, flame-retardant elements are often added as additives to produce flame-retardant nanocomposites. Hence, in this review, we have provided a comprehensive summary of the characteristics of NC and the principles and categorization of flame retardants. Subsequently, we have discussed the methods used for the synthesis and characterization of NC-based flame-retardant materials. It also delves into the historical progressions in these materials, intending to enhance the ability to resist flames. The article investigates the fire resistance properties of several materials based on NC, including aerogels, coatings, films, and textiles. The objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the future directions and advancements in multi-functional flame-retardant NC materials, with a focus on their potential applications in harsh situations.