Resistance Training In Patients Research Articles

Effects of a home-based exercise program after supervised resistance training in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Design of the study: clinical Trial. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a homebased resistance exercise program with elastic tubing after supervised resistance training on peripheral muscle strength and quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: The study included 22 COPD patients, aged 55-70 years. Peripheral muscle strength and quality of life were evaluated through digital dynamometer and Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire (CRDQ) respectively after supervised resistance training program, and then the patients were divided into two groups: home-based treatment (n = 10) and control (n = 12). After 16 weeks the assessments were repeated. Results: The home resistance training showed no significant increase in peripheral muscle strength and quality of life, however, was able to maintain the gains made in the previous supervised training. Conclusion: The continuity of home-based treatment did not promote additional improvements to supervised training after the protocol, since the gains were maintained in both assessed groups after 4 months

The effectiveness of session rating of perceived exertion to monitor resistance training load in acute burns patients

Session-rating of perceived exertion (RPE) is a method frequently utilised in exercise and sports science to quantify training load of an entire aerobic exercise session. It has also been demonstrated that session-RPE is a valid and reliable method to quantify training load during resistance exercise, in healthy and athletic populations. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of session-RPE as a method to quantify exercise intensity during resistance training in patients with acute burns. Twenty burns patients (mean age=31.65 (±10.09) years), with a mean TBSA of 16.4% (range=6–40%) were recruited for this study. Patients were randomly allocated to the resistance training (n=10) or control group (n=10). All patients completed a four week resistance training programme. Training load (session-RPE×session duration), resistance training session-volume and pre-exercise pain were recorded for each exercise session. The influence of; age, gender, %TBSA, exercise group (resistance training vs. control), pre-exercise pain, resistance training history and session-volume on training load were analysed using a multilevel mixed-effects linear regression. Session-volume did not influence training load in the final regression model, however training load was significantly greater in the resistance training group, compared with the control group (p<0.001). Pre-exercise pain significantly influenced training load, where increasing pain was associated with a higher session-RPE (p=0.004). Further research is indicated to determine the exact relationship between pain, resistance training history, exercise intensity and session-RPE and training load before it can be used as a method to monitor and prescribe resistance training load in acute burns patients.

Comparison Of High And Low Volume Eccentric Resistance Training In Patients With Jumper´S Knee

PURPOSE: Eccentric strength training has shown to reduce pain and improve functionality in patients with patellar tendinopathy (PT) known as “jumper’s knee. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of a high and a low volume bodyweight strength training on a decline board on pain and functionality. METHODS: A total of thirteen physical active male patients with chronic PT (age 23,6 ± 3,80 years) participated in this study. Subjects were randomly assigned to two groups. Group 1 (low volume; n=7) trained three times per week for eight weeks on a decline board (25°) with one set of 15 repetition and at least 48 h rest between sessions. Group 2 (high volume, n=6) followed the same regime but with three sets of 15 repetitions. No other physical activities were allowed during the first 6 weeks. During the last two weeks of the study the participants returned to their individual sport in addition to the intervention. The Victorian Institute of Sportassessment questionnaire for functionality (VISA)and a numerical rating scale for pain (NRS) was observed at baseline, after week 4 and at the end of the intervention. RESULTS: Both groups showed similar improvements (time effect) during the 8 week intervention for the VISA and the NRS with no significant group effects. Visa: group one (low volume): 30.86 points and group two (high volume): 33 points. NRS: group one and group two: four points each. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study showed that higher volume of eccentric training on a decline board had no significant advantage compared to lower volume in athletes with PT. However, more studies with a higher number of participants are needed to confirm our findings.

Experiences of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease to take up the home-based resistance training

Objective To explore experiences of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to take up the home-based resistance training. Methods Twenty-two patients with COPD who completed the 12 weeks home-based resistance training were interviewed deeply, the phenomenological analysis method was used. Results Though reading, analysis, reflection, separation, theme refining, two themes were drawn: self-perceived benefits; pyhcological, social and healthy status barriers on taking up and persisting in the exercises. Conclusions The study finds that self-perceived benefits, psychological changes and confusion in COPD patients during home-based resistance training.As the medical staff, to seize the COPD patients for the purpose of to do the health education and strengthen the relevant training, to help the patient perceive benefits on resistance training, to enhance the confidence of participating in the pulmonary rehabilitation, to promote the behavior change. Additionally, we should identify obstacles early and take up the intervention, to stimulate the enthusiasm of home-based resistance training in patients with COPD. Key words: Pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive; Qualitative research; Resistance training

Recommendations for resistance training in patients with fibromyalgia

It may seem counter-intuitive to purposely stress muscle in patients who have muscle pain. However, a growing body of evidence challenges the assumption that resistance (strength) training worsens muscle pain in people with fibromyalgia (FM). In fact, the latest evidence indicates that when resistance training is tailored to individual needs, people with FM can obtain worthwhile improvements in FM severity. Clinicians need a deeper understanding of how resistance training helps people with FM, so as to prescribe more specific, personalized resistance training to their patients.

Feasibility of progressive resistance training in patients undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy for head and neck cancer.

e17015 Background: Weight loss (WL) is common in head and neck cancer (HNCa) patients undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCR). Loss of lean body mass (LBM) is associated with reduced muscle s...

Muscular and functional effects of partitioning exercising muscle mass in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

BackgroundLow-load, high-repetitive single-limb resistance training may increase limb muscle function and functional exercise capacity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) while minimizing the occurrence of limiting exertional symptoms. Whether high-repetitive single-limb resistance training would perform better than high-repetitive two-limb resistance training is unknown. In addition, the mechanisms underlying possible benefits of high-repetitive resistance training has not been investigated. The aims of this study are to compare single versus two-limb high-repetitive resistance training in patients with COPD and to investigate mechanisms of action of these training modalities.Methods/DesignThis trial is a prospective, assessor-blind, randomized controlled trial. The participants are patients with stable severe to very severe COPD who are older than 40 years of age and healthy controls. The intervention is single-limb, high-repetitive, resistance training with elastic bands, three times/week for 8 weeks.The control is two-limb high-repetitive resistance training with elastic bands, three times/week for 8 weeks.The primary outcomes is change in the 6-min walking distance after 8 weeks of single-limb or two-limb high-repetitive resistance training.The secondary outcomes are changes in limb muscle strength and endurance capacity, key protein involved in quadriceps anabolic/catabolic signalization, fiber-type distribution and capillarization, subjective dyspnea and muscle fatigue, muscle oxygenation, cardiorespiratory demand and health-related quality-of-life after 8 weeks of single-limb or two-limb high-repetitive resistance training.The acute effects of single-limb versus two-limb high-repetitive resistance training on contractile fatigue, exercise stimulus (the product of number of repetition and load), subjective dyspnea and muscle fatigue, muscle oxygenation, and cardiorespiratory demand during upper and lower limb exercises will also be investigated in patients with COPD and healthy controls.Randomization will be performed using a random number generator by a person independent of the recruitment process, using 1:1 allocation to the intervention and the control group using random block sizes.Blinding: All outcome assessors will be blinded to group assignment.DiscussionThe results of this project will provide important information to help developing and implementing customized exercise training programs for patients with COPD.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT02283580 Registration date: 4 November 2014. First participant randomized: 10 November 2014.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13063-015-0698-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Scraping Therapy and Muscle Resistance Training in Patients with Neck Dysfunction

Scraping Therapy and Muscle Resistance Training in Patients with Neck Dysfunction

Low‐load/high‐repetition elastic band resistance training in patients with COPD: a randomized, controlled, multicenter trial

High-repetitive resistance training (RT) is recommended to increase peripheral muscular endurance in healthy adults; however, the effects of RT with this design on exercise capacity and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is unknown. The study aimed to investigate if low-load/high-repetition elastic band RT could improve functional capacity, muscular function, endurance cycle capacity or HRQOL in patients with COPD. A prospective, randomized, controlled, multicentre trial was constructed with concealed allocation, blinded outcome assessment and intention-to-treat analysis. A total of 44 patients with moderate-to-very-severe COPD (forced expiratory volume during the first second, 44.6% predicted) were included. Patients were randomized to either the experimental group receiving 8 weeks of RT (three sessions/week) in combination with patient education (four occasions) or the control group receiving the patient education alone. At post-tests, the between-group differences were in favor of the experimental group on the 6-min walk test [mean difference (95% confidence interval)]: 34 m (14-54) and the 6-min pegboard and ring test [20 rings (3-37)]. No difference between groups was found on the chronic respiratory disease questionnaire [0.1 (-0.2 to 0.4)]. On secondary outcomes, results were in favor of the experimental group regarding upper extremity endurance capacity, muscular function and depression, but no difference was seen between groups on endurance cycle capacity and HRQOL. RT can increase functional capacity and muscular function but not cycle endurance capacity and HRQOL in patients with moderate-to-severe COPD.

Effects of resistance training on fatigue and quality of life in breast cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy.

9534 Background: Breast cancer patients during and after radiotherapy often suffer from cancer-related fatigue which frequently impairs quality of life (QoL). Exercise may decrease fatigue and improve emotional well-being. However, studies on resistance training for patients during radiotherapy are scarce. Thus, we assessed the effects of a 12-week supervised resistance training intervention on fatigue and QoL in breast cancer patients during adjuvant radiotherapy within a randomized controlled trial. Methods: 160 patients (80/arm) with breast cancer stage 0-III undergoing adjuvant radiotherapy were randomly assigned to 12-weeks of progressive resistance training (2x/week) or group-based relaxation training (2x/week). The primary endpoint fatigue was assessed with the 20-item FAQ (0-10 scale), quality of life with the EORTC-QLQ-C30 and BR23 (0-100 scale). Statistical analyses were based on analysis of covariance models for the individual changes from pre- to post-intervention. Results: In intention-to-tre...

Preoperative effects of progressive explosive_type resistance training in patients with osteoarthritis scheduled for total hip arthroplasty – a prospective randomized clinical trial

Preoperative effects of progressive explosive_type resistance training in patients with osteoarthritis scheduled for total hip arthroplasty – a prospective randomized clinical trial

The effects of elastic tubing-based resistance training compared with conventional resistance training in patients with moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized clinical trial

Objective: To investigate the effects of elastic tubing training compared with conventional resistance training on the improvement of functional exercise capacity, muscle strength, fat-free mass, and systemic inflammation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Design: A prospective, randomized, eight-week clinical trial. Setting: The study was conducted in a university-based, outpatient, physical therapy clinic. Subjects: A total of 49 patients with moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Interventions: Participants were randomly assigned to perform elastic tubing training or conventional resistance training three times per week for eight weeks. Main measures: The primary outcome measure was functional exercise capacity. The secondary outcome measures were peripheral muscle strength, health-related quality of life assessed by the Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire (CRDQ), fat-free mass, and cytokine profile. Results: After eight weeks, the mean distance covered during six minutes increased by 73 meters (±69) in the elastic tubing group and by 42 meters (±59) in the conventional group (p < 0.05). The muscle strength and quality of life improved in both groups (P < 0.05), with no significant differences between the groups. There was a trend toward an improved fat-free mass in both groups (P = 0.05). After the first and last sessions, there was an increase in interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and interleukin 10 (IL-10) in both groups, while tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) was stimulated only in the conventional training group. Conclusion: Elastic tubing training had a greater effect on functional exercise capacity than conventional resistance training. Both interventions were equally effective in improving muscle strength and quality of life.

An Individualized Exercise Prescription to Attenuate Symptoms Associated With Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome

An Individualized Exercise Prescription to Attenuate Symptoms Associated With Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome

Feasibility of isometric spinal muscle training in patients with bone metastases under radiation therapy - first results of a randomized pilot trial

BackgroundSpinal bone metastases are commonly diagnosed in cancer patients. The consequences are pain both at rest and under exercise, impairment of activities of daily life (ADL), reduced clinical performance, the risk of pathological fractures, and neurological deficits. The aim of this randomized, controlled pilot trial was to investigate the feasibility of muscle-training exercises in patients with spinal bone metastases under radiotherapy. Secondary endpoints were local control, pain response and survival.MethodsThis study was a prospective, randomized, monocentre, controlled explorative intervention trial to determine the multidimensional effects of exercises for strengthening the paravertebral muscles. On the days of radiation treatment, patients in the control group were physically treated in form of respiratory therapy. Sixty patients were randomized between September 2011 and March 2013 into one of the two groups: differentiated resistance training or physical measure with thirty patients in each group.ResultsThe resistance training of the paravertebral muscles was feasible in 83.3% of patients (n = 25). Five patients died during the first three months. The exercise group experienced no measurable side effects. “Chair stand test” in the intervention group was significant enhanced with additionally improved analgesic efficiency. Patients in intervention group improved in pain score (VAS, 0–10) over the course (p < .001), and was significant better between groups (p = .003) after 3 months. The overall pain response showed no significant difference between groups (p = .158) There was no significant difference in overall and bone survival (survival from first diagnosed bone metastases to death).ConclusionsOur trial demonstrated safety and feasibility of an isometric resistance training in patients with spinal bone metastases. The results offer a rationale for future large controlled investigations to confirm these findings.Trial registrationClinical trial identifier NCT01409720.

Increased rate of force development and neuromuscular activity after high‐load resistance training in patients undergoing dialysis

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of high-load resistance training on the rate of force development and neuromuscular function in patients undergoing dialysis. Twenty-nine patients were tested before and after 16 weeks of resistance training. The rate of force development was tested using the Good Strength dynamometer chair. Muscle strength and neuromuscular function in the m. Vastus lateralis was estimated using electromyography in a one repetition maximum test during dynamic knee extension and during a 20 s isometric knee extension with 50% of the one repetition maximum load. Muscle biopsies from the m. Vastus lateralis were analysed for morphologic characteristics. One repetition maximum in knee extension increased by 46% (P<0.001) after the training programme. Rate of force development increased by 21-38% (P<0.05). The electromyography amplitude increased during 200-300 msec from 183 ± 36 μV to 315 ± 66 μV, (P<0.05), whilst electromyography frequency remained unchanged. The electromyography signals, during isometric contractions, remained unchanged. A higher rate of force development was found to be significantly associated with larger type 2 muscle fibres (r=0.647). Muscle strength in patients undergoing dialysis was increased after 16 weeks of resistance training in parallel with changed neuromuscular function and greater rate of force development, both of which have important clinical implications in terms of improved physical performance.

REINFORCE: A randomized trial of resistance training in patients with radically treated respiratory cancer.

7541 Background: Limited evidence suggest that patients (pts) with respiratory cancer improve their post-radical treatment (PRT) exercise capacity (EC) and quality of life (QoL) by rehabilitation (REH). Whole body vibration (WBV) is proposed as an alternative to conventional resistance training (CRT). REINFORCE investigates the effect of 2 supervised resistance training programs on functional and maximal EC and QoL, measured by resp. 6 minutes walking distance (6MWD), Wmax and EORTC-QLQ-C30 physical functioning (PF). Methods: Consecutive pts with cI-IIIB (N)SCLC or cI-II mesothelioma were evaluated before (M1) and after (M2) completion of either surgery (S) +/- platin-based chemotherapy (PCT) and postop. radiotherapy (RT) or RT +/- PCT, and then randomized to usual care (UC) or 38 sessions of either CRT or WBV. After stratification for COPD, S, PCT and center, 6MWD (primary endpoint), Wmax and PF were measured at M1, M2 and after 12 weeks (w) of REH (M3). Minimal clinical important difference in 6MWD is 54 m, in Wmax 10 Watt and in PF +9 points. Mean changes are compared within and in-between the intention-to-treat intervention groups using linear regression models. Results: 70 pts were randomized with balanced M1-characteristics: UC 24; CRT 24; WBV 22; male 73%, median age 62 y(29-79); median BMI 25 kg/m²(16-42); COPD 40%; NSCLC 91%; stage I-II 60%. 48% had S and 6% RT as sole therapy, 46% a combination of S or RT with PCT and/or PORT; pneumectomy in 19%. A median of 28 CRT-sessions (10 – 36) and 23 WBV-sessions (0 – 37) were attended with a median M2-M3 interval of 14 w (9-30). M2-M3 change in 6MWD is 95 m (58-132) in CRT (p&lt;.0001), 37m (-1-76) in WBV (p =0.06), 1 m(-34-36) in UC and is significantly higher with CRT than with WBV (p value vs. UC 0.0006 and 0.16, resp.) and highest in CRT-pts without COPD (133 m (86-181), p&lt; 0.0001). M3 values did not significantly exceed M1 with either intervention. M2-M3 change in Wmax significantly improved with 15 Watt (6-24) in both CRT and WBV(p= 0.002). M2-M3 PF increased 6 points (-1–14) in CRT (p= 0.1) and 8 points (0–16) in WBV (p=0.04). Conclusions: In pts with respiratory cancer, PRT REH is recommended, with CRT significantly improving functional and maximal EC and WBV increasing maximal EC and PF. Clinical trial information: NCT00752700.

Neural drive increases following resistance training in patients with multiple sclerosis

The present study tested the hypothesis that lower body progressive resistance training (PRT) increases the neural drive expressed as surface electromyographical (EMG) activity in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). The study was a randomised controlled trial (RCT) including a 12-week follow up period. Thirty-eight MS patients were randomized to an exercise group (n = 19) or a control group (n = 19). During the intervention period, the exercise group performed a 12-week supervised lower body PRT program, whereas the control group maintained their usual daily activity level. After the 12 week intervention period, the exercise group were encouraged to continue training on their own for a 12-week follow up period, while the control group completed the 12-week supervised PRT program. Surface EMG was recorded from vastus lateralis, rectus femoris and semitendinosus during maximal isometric knee extension and knee flexion, before and after the intervention and at follow up. From the recordings, the area under the rectified, low-pass filtered EMG signal (integrated EMG, iEMG) was calculated. Muscle strength was expressed as the angular impulse (AI) and was measured during the same period as the iEMG. After PRT significant improvements for iEMG of vastus lateralis and rectus femoris during maximal knee extension and for semitendinosus during maximal knee flexion and for AI during both maximal knee extension and flexion were found in the exercise group, when compared to the control group. When compared to the post values, all effects, except for AI during knee flexion, were maintained at follow up in the exercise group. When the control group was exposed to PRT, a similar pattern of improvements were found, albeit not all improvements were significant. In conclusion twelve weeks of intense PRT of the lower extremities improved the neural drive expressed as maximal surface EMG activity in patients with MS, with effects persisting 12 weeks after the intervention. The study was registered at clinicalTrials.gov, Protocol no. NCT00381576.

Resistance training in patients with limb‐girdle and becker muscular dystrophies

In this study we investigated the effect of strength training in patients with limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) and Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD). In 2 studies we compared the effect of low-intensity training (LOIT; n = 8) and high-intensity training (HIT; n = 4) in muscles of the upper and lower extremities. Patients were tested for maximal strength and endurance before and after the training program. LOIT training over 6 months resulted in increased biceps strength and endurance. HIT training increased endurance and strength in wrist flexion and extension and in elbow flexion. One patient discontinued HIT training due to muscle soreness and mildly increased plasma CK levels without strength deterioration. Both LOIT and HIT increased muscle strength and endurance in some of the muscles tested and were well tolerated in most patients. Our findings suggest that supervised resistance training may be considered in the management of patients with LGMD2 and BMD.

How should we train the upper limbs?

The article by McKeough and colleagues in this issue of Chronic Respiratory Disease is the first study to compare different modes of upper extremity training in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Limitations during exercise and daily activity in individuals with COPD are not limited to lower extremity activities such as walking or stair climbing; most of the patients experience difficulty during activities that involve their arms due to the sensation of dyspnea and/or arm fatigue. Upper extremity training for patients with COPD is an important component of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR), resulting in improvements in arm exercise capacity, arm function and muscle strength. However, there is limited evidence on what type of training should be performed. The study by McKeough and colleagues adds to the growing body of evidence in the area of upper extremity training in COPD and provides support for the inclusion of arm endurance and strength training as a part of PR. The study is a randomized controlled trial (RCT) that aimed to compare the effects of arm endurance training; arm strength training, a combination of arm endurance and strength training; and no arm training (control group) on endurance arm exercise capacity, functional arm exercise capacity and health-related quality of life (HRQL) in individuals with mild-tovery severe COPD. The authors found a significant improvement in arm endurance time (arm endurance capacity) between the endurance group and control group. There were nonsignificant trends in arm endurance time favoring the strength training and combined groups compared with the control group. In terms of symptoms, the authors demonstrated that the combined group had a significantly greater reduction in dyspnea and rate of perceived exertion at the end of the functional arm exercise test compared with the control and with each of the intervention groups. When the combined group was compared with the other two intervention groups, the improvement in HRQL (measured using the St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire) exceeded the minimum clinically important difference of 4 units, although it did not reach statistical significance. Until the beginning of the century, several RCTs had been conducted to examine the effects of upper extremity training in individuals with COPD. However, there were considerable variations in the exercise protocols rendering it impossible to determine the optimal training regimen for these patients. Moreover, the impact of upper extremity training on other clinical outcomes besides arm exercise capacity was unclear as shown consistently by four systematic reviews. More recently, four RCTs examining the effects of arm exercise training in individuals with COPD have been published. Holland and colleagues compared the effects of unsupported upper limb endurance training with lower extremity training alone. The authors found that unsupported upper limb endurance training improved upper limb exercise capacity but had no additional effects on the symptoms or HRQL compared with lower extremity training alone. Costi and colleagues examined the effects of upper extremity resistance training in patients with COPD compared with standard PR. The authors demonstrated improvement in arm functional exercise capacity (measured using the 6-minute pegboard and ring test) and in performance during activities of daily living (ADL) measured by an ADL field test. In addition, the authors found a decrease in arm fatigue at the end of the ADL test in the intervention group. Our

Errors in Table in: Treadmill Exercise and Resistance Training in Patients With Peripheral Arterial Disease With and Without Intermittent Claudication: A Randomized Trial

Errors in Table in: Treadmill Exercise and Resistance Training in Patients With Peripheral Arterial Disease With and Without Intermittent Claudication: A Randomized Trial