Circuit Resistance Training Research Articles

ACCELEROMETRY UNDERESTIMATES ENERGY EXPENDITURE IN CIRCUIT-BASED RESISTANCE TRAINING

ABSTRACT Introduction: Accelerometry is a very accurate method for determining energy expenditure (EE) in endurance training. However, further studies are needed to prove its accuracy in resistance training. Objective: To compare the EE obtained by accelerometry and indirect calorimetry in three different circuit resistance training circuits. Methods: Six overweight volunteers performed three sets in three resistance training circuits: machine circuit (MC), free-weight circuit (FWC) and resistance + aerobic circuit (RAC). EE was measured by indirect calorimetry using an Oxycon Mobile® and by the accelerometers SenseWear® Armband Pro2 and ActiTrainer®. Results: ActiTrainer® and SenseWear® underestimated EE in all circuits when compared to indirect calorimetry (p<0.05). The difference was greater in the FWC: 44.4% METs and 81.4% Kcal for ActiTrainer® and 32.3% METs and 24.9% Kcal for SenseWear® compared to indirect calorimetry. Conclusion: Both ActiTrainer® and SenseWear® underestimated EE when compared to indirect calorimetry in three different resistance training circuits. Level of evidence II; Diagnostic studies - Investigating a diagnostic test.

The impact of circuit resistance training on serum glucose, insulin resistance and health related physical fitness in elderly men with type 2 diabetes

Background: Obesity and decreased physical activity are the most important factors in the development of type 2 diabetes, which in recent decades has led to an increase in the number of people with this disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of circuit resistance training (CRT) on serum glucose, insulin resistance and health related physical fitness in elderly men with type 2 diabetes. Material and methods: Twenty-two patients with type 2 diabetes (60.99 ±2.93 years) volunteered to participate in this study. They were divided randomly into two groups: training (n = 11) and control (n = 11). Participants in the training group performed a progressive CRT program for ten weeks. In addition, anthropometry variables, muscular strength and endurance were evaluated before and after ten weeks’ CRT. Also, 10 ml of the blood sample was taken from participants to measure fasting serum glucose, fasting serum insulin and insulin resistance. Results: After ten weeks of CRT, the body composition and glucose dropped significantly (P < 0.05) in the training group. Also, muscular endurance, upper and lower body strength in the post-test were significantly higher than the pre-test in the training group (P < 0.05). Conclusions: CRT led to a significant improvement in insulin resistance, fasting serum glucose, BMI, endurance and strength of elderly men with type 2 diabetes. Therefore, this type of resistance training can be useful for improvement in physical and physiological variables of elderly men with type 2 diabetes.

Effects of circuit resistance training on muscle power, functional agility, and bones' mineral content in people with spinal injury.

Physical exercise is one of the main agents when it comes to rehabilitation and changes in health aspects of people with SCI. This study aimed to establish the effects of circuit resistance training (CRT) on people with spinal cord injury (SCI), specifically on their body composition, muscle strength, anaerobic power, and functional capacity. Sample consisted of five people with SCI: both sexes, ages between 25 and 62 years, and 12 weeks of CRT, twice a week. Before and after the 12 weeks of intervention, this research adopted clear-cut tests (medicine ball pitch, Wingate, zigzag, and dual-energy X-ray densitometry) to analyze the desired variables (muscle strength, anaerobic power, functional capacity, and body composition). Showed muscle strength improvement (P=0.028), agility increase (P=0.028), and equal levels of lean mass, bone mineral content, and bone loss index throughout life (T-score). Therefore, one can consider that CRT is an alternative to develop the upper limbs muscle power and functional agility. Together, all these variables may imply an overall improvement of the functional capacity in people with SCI. Additionally, these 12 weeks of CRT were responsible for helping the maintenance of lean mass, bone mineral content and T-score in this study's sample.

Combined Exercise Training Improves Work-Related Burnout Symptoms And Psychological Stress: A Randomized Controlled Study

Burnout syndrome is an important public health problem due to the negative effects on workers and workplace wellbeing with consequent social and economic repercussions. Physical activity is recognized as a useful treatment to reduce burnout and psychological stress among the workers, however, there are few rigorous studies on treatment efficacy. PURPOSE: This randomized controlled study aimed to evaluate the effects of a Combined Exercise Training on burnout symptoms and perceived stress among workers in the helping professions. METHODS: Forty-two men (46.3 ± 8.1 years), scoring medium to high on the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) emotional exhaustion and depersonalization subscales, were allocated into an intervention (n = 21) or waitlist control (n = 21) group. The intervention group performed a combined 8-week circuit resistance training and agility training (60 min, 3d·wk-1) at a local fitness center, whereas the control group did not participate in an exercise program. At baseline and after the intervention, the MBI and Perceived Stress Scale were administered. RESULTS: Significant interaction effects group-by-time (p < 0.001; η2p > 0.35) showed improvements for the intervention group that reduced emotional exhaustion (-9.2 ± 2.7, p < 0.001, d = 1.21), depersonalization (-4.7 ± 2.8, p < 0.001, d = 1.00) and perceived stress (-6.0 ± 2.5, p < 0.001, d = 1.16), and increased personal accomplishment (4.3 ± 1.9, p < 0.001, d = 0.81). The magnitude of the effects was large, revealing changes of crucial practical relevance. Adherence (90.4 %) and satisfaction (3.71 ± 0.56; rating 1-4) with the intervention were high. No significant changes were found in the control group (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The findings support the evidence that Combined Exercise Training may reduce burnout symptoms and perceived stress among workers in the helping professions. We recommend participation in exercise in the leisure time or workplace because it may likely improve work performance, wellbeing and life quality.

The Effect of Eight Weeks of Circuit Resistance Training and Spirulina Supplementation on Plasma Levels of Irisin and Some Body Composition in Overweight and Obese Men

The Effect of Eight Weeks of Circuit Resistance Training and Spirulina Supplementation on Plasma Levels of Irisin and Some Body Composition in Overweight and Obese Men

The Effects of Circuit Resistance Training on Inflammatory Status, Insulin Resistance and Body Composition in Overweight Adolescent Boys

Objective: The overweight-related health problems among adolescents are obvious. Resistance training is recognized as a safe and efficacious exercise modality to have health-promoting effects in overweight adolescents. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of circuit resistance training (CRT) in improving inflammatory status, insulin resistance and body composition in overweight male adolescents. Materials and Methods: Twenty overweight adolescent boys (aged: 18.5 (±1), weight: 81.1 (±4.5), body mass index: 27.7 (±0.7)) completed this study. The participants were randomly and equally divided into two groups of control (CG; n=10) and circuit resistance training (CRT; n=10). The CG did their daily routine activities and the CRT group performed its training protocol 3 days a week for 6 weeks. Body composition components and serum variables were measured a day before and after the study. Insulin resistance index was measured by HOMA-IR. Results: The subjects in the CG showed significantly increased changes compared with pre-training values. Moreover, significant changes were found fort the changes of BW ( P -value= 0.005), BMI ( P -value= 0.001) and BF% ( P -value= 0.003) between groups. Conclusion: This study suggested that although six weeks of CRT failed to induce meaningful anti-inflammatory cytokine responses, and to improve body composition and HOMA-IR in overweight adolescent boys, but had protective effects on inflammatory status, HOMA-IR and body composition and prevented them from being deteriorated

Circuit resistance training and cardiovascular health in breast cancer survivors.

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in breast cancer survivors. While evidence shows circuit resistance training (CRT) is effective for improving muscle and cardiorespiratory fitness, whether CRT is an efficacious therapy for decreasing cardiovascular risk in cancer survivors is unclear. Fifty-one breast cancer survivors were recruited to either 12weeks CRT (n=26), or a non-exercising wait-list control (n=25). Two supervised 60min CRT sessions per week were undertaken, comprising resistance and functional exercises, and aerobic exercise stations. Primary outcome measure was the gold-standard assessment of arterial stiffness, aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV). Secondary outcomes included: cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), upper and lower body strength, arterial wave reflections, central blood pressure and rate pressure product. Compared to the control group, the CRT group had a statistically significant medium effect decrease in PWV 0.9m/s (95% CI: 0.1, 1.7). There were large effect improvements in VO2 max (4.3mlkg-1 min-1 , 95% CI: 5.8, 2.8), upper and lower body strength (3.7kg, 95% CI: 1.9, 5.6 and 10.4kg, 1.6, 19.1) respectively. Findings support the existing literature demonstrating that 12weeks CRT improves muscle and cardiorespiratory fitness and is also an effective strategy for decreasing a proven cardiovascular risk factor in breast cancer survivors.

Endurance Training vs. Circuit Resistance Training: Effects on Lipid Profile and Anthropometric/Body Composition Status in Healthy Young Adult Women.

Background: Endurance training (ET) and resistance training (RT) are known to be effective in improving anthropometric/body composition and lipid panel indicators, but there is an evident lack of studies on differential effects of these two forms of physical exercise (PE). This study aimed to evaluate the differential effects of 8-week ET and RT among young adult women. Methods: Participants were women (n = 57; age: 23 ± 3 years; initial body height: 165 ± 6 cm; body mass: 66.79 ± 7.23 kg; BMI: 24.37 ± 2.57 kg/m2) divided into the ET group (n = 20), RT group (n = 19), and non-exercising control group (n = 18). All participants were tested for cardiovascular risk factors (CRF), including total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides, glucose, and anthropometric/body composition (body mass, body mass index, skinfold measures, body fat %) at the beginning and at the end of the study. Over the 8 weeks, the ET group trained three times/week on a treadmill while the RT group participated in equal number of circuit weight training sessions. Both types of training were planned according to participants’ pre-study fitness status. Results: A two-factor analysis of variance for repeated measurements (“group” × “measurement”) revealed significant main effects for “measurement” in CRF. The “group × measurement” interaction was significant for CRF. The post-hoc analysis indicated significant improvements in CRF for RT and ET. No significant differential effects between RT and ET were evidenced. Conclusions: The results of this study evidence improvements of CRF in young adult women as a result of 8-week ET and RT. The lack of differential training-effects may be attributed to the fact that all participants underwent pre-study screening of their fitness status, which resulted in application of accurate training loads.

Effects of glycyrrhizic acid supplementation during nonlinear resistance training on inflammatory markers and muscular damage indices in overweight young men

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of glycyrrhizic acid supplementation during nonlinear resistance training on inflammatory markers and muscular damage indices in overweight young men. MethodsForty eight overweight young men participated voluntarily in the study and were randomly divided into six groups including nonlinear resistance training + placebo (NRT-P), NRT + glycyrrhizic acid (250 mg) (NRT-GA1), NRT + glycyrrhizic acid (500 mg) (NRT-GA2), glycyrrhizic (250 mg) acid (GA1), glycyrrhizic acid (500 mg) (GA2) and control + placebo (C-P). The training protocol was progressive circuit resistance training (3 session/week, 8 weeks). Blood samples were collected 48 h before exercise and 48 h after the last session. The data were analyzed using two-way repeated measures analysis of variance (P < 0.05 was considered as significant). ResultsResistance training caused a significant decrease in serum TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, hs-CRP, LDH and CK. Both doses of glycyrrhizic acid improved TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, hs-CRP, LDH and CK than C-P group. Combination of NRT and GA significantly decreased serum TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, hs-CRP, LDH and CK but more reduction in the NRT-GA2 group was observed. ConclusionsCombination of resistance training with 500 ml g of glycyrrhizic acid supplement could be useful to decrease some inflammatory and muscle damage markers as well as body weight and body fat percentage.

Effects of circuit-type resistance training on industrial opiate induced neurotransmitter disruption and performance changes of previously addicted men

Summary Study aim: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of an 8-week circuit-type resistance training program on performance changes and neurotransmitter disruptions induced by industrial opiate in previously addicted men. Materials and methods: Thirty industrial opiate addicted men volunteered to participate in this study and were randomly assigned to experimental (n = 15) and control groups (n = 15). The subjects in the experimental group performed circuit-type resistance training for 8 weeks, 3 days a week, with 40–75% of one-repetition maximum (1RM), while the control group did not perform any training. Before and after the training period muscular strength (1RM of bench press) and muscle endurance (sit-ups), flexibility (sit-and-reach), body fat percentage, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and cardio-respiratory endurance were measured. In addition, blood samples were drawn 24 h before and after 8 weeks of training to analyze serum levels of serotonin, dopamine, and endorphins. Results: In this study, 8 weeks of circuit-type resistance training led to significantly higher serum levels of serotonin, dopamine, and endorphins, cardio-respiratory endurance, muscular strength and endurance in the experimental group compared to controls (P &lt; 0.05), while flexibility, body fat percentage and WHR did not differ significantly (P &gt; 0.05). Conclusions: In conclusion, circuit resistance training can improve the serum levels of serotonin, dopamine, and endorphins, as well as indicators of health-related performance previously industrial opiate addicted men.

Effects of combined exercise training on work-related burnout symptoms and psychological stress in the helping professionals

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of eight-week Combined Exercise Training on burnout symptoms and perceived stress among workers in the helping professions. Forty-two men (46.3 ± 8.1 years) suffering from burnout were randomly allocated into an intervention ( n = 21) or waitlist control ( n = 21) group. The intervention group performed a combined circuit resistance training and agility training (60 min, 3d·wk -1 ) at a local fitness centre. At baseline and after the intervention, the Maslach Burnout Inventory and Perceived Stress Scale were administered. Results showed that the intervention group significantly reduced emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and perceived stress, and increased personal accomplishment ( p < .001). The magnitude of the effects was large, revealing changes of crucial practical relevance. Adherence and satisfaction with the intervention were high. No significant changes were found in the control group. The findings support the evidence that Combined Exercise Training may reduce occupational burnout and psychological stress in the helping professions.

Correction to: Plasma retinol-binding protein-4 and tumor necrosis factor-α are reduced in postmenopausal women after combination of different intensities of circuit resistance training and Zataria supplementation

Correction to: Plasma retinol-binding protein-4 and tumor necrosis factor-α are reduced in postmenopausal women after combination of different intensities of circuit resistance training and Zataria supplementation

Effect of Circuit Resistance Training and L-Carnitine Supplementation on Body Composition and Liver Function in Men with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Background: Exercises and L-carnitine supplementation are effective for liver function. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare effect of circuit resistance training and l-carnitine supplementation on body Composition and Liver Function in men with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 40 men with NAFLD were selected through purposive sampling and were randomly assigned to one of four groups includes: (1) resistance training, (2) supplement, (3) combined (exercise- supplement) and (4) control. Circuit resistance training was performed for 12 weeks, three sessions per week, with a training intensity of 40% - 80% maximum one-repetition. In the combined and supplementation group, 10 mg L-carnitine supplement per kg body weight was consumed daily with three main meals. To analyze the data, dependent t-test and one-way analysis of variance were used at P ≤ 0.05. Results: After exercise, there was a significant decrease in body mass index and body fat percentage in the resistance training group and combined (exercise-supplement) group when compared to the control and supplementation groups. There was also a significant decrease in the level of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in the intervention groups including exercise, supplement, and combined (exercise-supplement) groups compared to the control group. The percentage of changes in AST and ALT was significantly higher in the combined group than in the training and supplement groups. Conclusions: According to the findings of this study, circuit resistance and complementary L-carnitine training are effective for improving liver function. This improvement was more evident in the combination of training and L-carnitine supplementation, and these shifts are independent of changes in body composition.

Effects of Two Modalities of Whole-body Electrostimulation Programs and Resistance Circuit Training on Strength and Power.

The main purpose of this study was to compare the effects on strength and muscle power of a training program based on two different modalities of whole-body electrostimulation (WB-EMS) with respect to a resistance-training program aimed at improving dynamic strength. Twenty-two subjects participated in this study: Thirteen male (age 25.2±2.8 years; height 1.78±0.1 m; body mass 72.8±6.4 kg; body fat 11.6±2.3%) and nine female (age 28.2±3.5 years; height 1.63±0.05 m; body mass 56.8±7.6 kg; body fat 19.1±4.7%). Participants were randomly assigned to three groups that underwent three different 6-week training programs: two modalities of WB-EMS, based on different electrical parameters (experimental), and circuit training with overloads (control). Force-velocity curves were calculated for each participant before and after treatment. All groups improved their level of strength and muscle power (paired sample t-Test, p<0.01; d>1) with a similar magnitude. No significant differences were observed between groups (two-way 2×3 Anova, p>0.05) at the end of the experimentation. This study suggests that WB-EMS might be considered as a valid and faster alternative - or an important complementary procedure - to a traditional overload-based resistance-training program for the development of the DS.

Effects of Different Intensities of Circuit Resistance Training on Plasma level of High-Density Lipoprotein Subfractions and Apolipoprotein M in Untrained Young Men

Effects of Different Intensities of Circuit Resistance Training on Plasma level of High-Density Lipoprotein Subfractions and Apolipoprotein M in Untrained Young Men

The effect of circuit resistance training, empagliflozin or \u201cvegeterranean diet\u201d on physical and metabolic function in older subjects with type 2 diabetes: a study protocol for a randomized control trial (CEV-65 trial)

BackgroundTreatment of the older diabetic individual comprises a therapeutic challenge. Currently little scientific evidence exists depicting the best approach to type 2 diabetes treatment in this growing sub-population of patients. The purpose of this study is to assess the effects of a modified plant-based Mediterranean diet (“vegeterranean” diet), circuit resistance training (CRT) and empagliflozin, separately or in combination, on body composition and physical function in older subjects with type 2 diabetes. The rationale for this study is to assess three interventions associated with a negative energy/caloric balance (increased caloric use in exercise, caloric restriction in the “vegeterranean” diet and caloric wasting by glycosuria with empagliflozin), their interaction and effect on body composition and physical function.MethodsOne hundred and twenty men and women ≥65 years of age with type 2 diabetes, and low levels of physical activity will be randomized (1:1:1 manner, gender stratified) for 10 weeks to one of 3 parallel arms: CRT consisting of 3 home sessions/week; ad-libitum plant-based Mediterranean diet (limited consumption of eggs, dairy and fish, avoidance of red meat and poultry) or empagliflozin 10 mg/day. After 10 weeks CRT will be added to the empagliflozin and diet arms for an additional 10 weeks. Allocation concealment and blinding of primary outcome assessors will be implemented. Efficacy will be determined by assessment of lean body mass, body weight, frailty and functional status, sarcopenia, HbA1c and quality of life questionnaires. Safety will be evaluated by routine monitoring of adverse events. This study was approved by the Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Institutional Review Board.DiscussionThe combination and comparison of these diverse interventions to metabolic control may lead to better understanding of their mechanism of action with potential clinical implications in older individuals. Also, this study will provide evidence of the effectiveness of these interventions on delaying the progression from diabetes to sarcopenia and/or frailty.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov PRS: NCT03560375. Last registration date (last update): 06/06/2018. The trial was a-priori registered before actual recruitment of subjects.

Impact of High-Intensity Interval Training and Circuit Resistance Training protocols on Serum Levels of Interleukin-10, Lipid Profile, Body Composition and Insulin Resistance Index in Overweight Male Adolescents

Background: High intensity interval training (HIIT) and circuit resistance training (CRT) have been introduced as useful strategies for weight management in overweight and obese individuals. However, little is known about their effects on inducing anti-inflammatory cytokine response, and improving body composition and metabolic profile (lipid profile and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR)) in overweight adolescents. Objectives: This study aimed at examining the effects of HIIT and CRT on serum levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10), lipid profile, body composition and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) in overweight male adolescents. Methods: Twenty overweight male adolescents were divided into two groups of HIIT and CRT. The blood samples were drawn from all participants before the beginning of exercise protocols and after one day the last session of the exercise protocols. Results: Following 6 weeks of both HIIT and CRT protocols, serum levels of IL-10 increased insignificantly in both groups (P > 0.05). However, that of IL-10 showed a much more increase in HIIT group. Furthermore, unlike CRT protocol, six weeks of HIIT improved body composition, lipid profile and HOMA-IR in overweight male adolescents. Conclusions: By this study, it seems that HIIT has more potent impact than CRT on inducing an anti-inflammatory cytokine response. Moreover, HIIT is a more appropriate exercise modality than CRT to improve body composition and metabolic profile (lipid profile and HOMA-IR) in overweight male adolescents.

Influence of resistance training and herbal supplementation on plasma apelin and metabolic syndrome risk factors in postmenopausal women

Menopause is a normal condition that all women experience as they age. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of circuit resistance exercise training with Zataria multiflora (Avishan-e-Shirazi) dietary supplementation on plasma apelin, glucose, insulin, insulin sensitivity and insulin resistance. Ninety-six volunteer postmenopausal women were allocated into 8 groups. Resistance training consisted of 12 stations had been done for 8 weeks. Blood samples were collected at pre- and -post intervention. Circuit RT increases apelin and decreases both insulin and blood glucose, whereas Zataria multiflora has no independent effect on apelin but does decrease blood glucose and is likely to be in some means synergistic with circuit RT effects. These results suggest that circuit resistance training augments plasma apelin and decreases both insulin and blood glucose. However, Zataria multiflora has no independent effect on apelin but does decrease blood glucose which is likely to be to some extent synergistic with training effects.

EFFECT OF CIRCUIT RESISTANCE TRAINING ON BLOOD BIOMARKERS OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE RISK IN OLDER WOMEN

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of circuit resistance training (CRT) on blood biomarkers of cardiovascular disease risk in older women. Nineteen physically independent older women (≥ 60 years) were randomly assigned to one of the two groups: control (CG, n = 9) and CRT (n = 10). The CRT performed a resistance exercise program for 12 weeks, with 10 exercises: unipedal balance, squat, bench press, seated row, triceps push-down, preacher curl, shoulder adduction, throw medicine ball into the floor, stationary run, and abdominal isometric contraction, with three sets per exercise. Anthropometry, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-c), glucose were measured. Main effect of time ( p < 0.05) was observed for total cholesterol (-9.9%), LDL-c (-16.1%), VLDL-c (-15.9%) and HDL-c (+10.2%) in the CRT. The composite Z-score was reduced significantly for the CRT group but not for CG. The 12 weeks of CRT were effective for reducing total cholesterol, LDL-c, VLDL-c, triglycerides and increase HDL-c. In addition, the decrease in composite Z-score suggests that CRT can reduce cardiovascular disease risk in older women.

Effect of circuit resistance training on blood biomarkers of cardiovascular disease risk in older women

Effect of circuit resistance training on blood biomarkers of cardiovascular disease risk in older women