Shrinkage Of Resin Research Articles

RESTAURAÇÃO BIOMIMÉTICA EM DENTE TRATADO ENDODONTICAMENTE: RELATO DE CASO CLÍNICO

Biomimetic dentistry is constantly evolving evolution, seeking inspiration from nature to develop technologies and biocompatible materials that mimic the structure and function of natural dental tissues. tissues. This innovative approach aims to improve the effectiveness of dental treatments by preserving tooth structure, improving the adhesion of restorative restorative materials, restoring structural integrity and replicating natural biomechanics. With a focus on regenerating and replacing lost dental tissues, biomimetic dentistry promises to revolutionise clinical practice, offering practice, offering more effective and safer solutions to patients through biomimetic products with improved properties. This study aims to aim of this study is to report a clinical case of restoration of a tooth treated tooth, using the principles of biomimetic dentistry to preserve tooth structure the tooth structure. Research was carried out in the following electronic databases databases: National Library of Medicine (PUBMED), Virtual Health Library (BVS), Brazil (BVS), Brazil Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) from 2019 to 2024. Following the Biomimetic Dentistry approach, the use of intracanal pins was avoided in the restoration was avoided, prioritising methods that improve adhesion and reduce resin shrinkage and reduce the shrinkage of the composite resin. These techniques were considered sufficient to carry out the restoration, even in cases of extensive tooth loss after root canal treatment after root canal treatment.

A Precise Prediction of the Chemical and Thermal Shrinkage during Curing of an Epoxy Resin.

A precise prediction of the cure-induced shrinkage of an epoxy resin is performed using a finite element simulation procedure for the material behaviour. A series of experiments investigating the cure shrinkage of the resin system has shown a variation in the measured cure-induced strains. The observed variation results from the thermal history during the pre-cure. A proposed complex thermal expansion model and a conventional chemical shrinkage model are utilised to predict the cure shrinkage observed with finite element simulations. The thermal expansion model is fitted to measured data and considers material effects such as the glass transition temperature and the evolution of the expansion with the degree of cure. The simulations accurately capture the exothermal heat release from the resin and the cure-induced strains across various temperature profiles. The simulations follow the experimentally observed behaviour. The simulation predictions achieve good accuracy with 2-6% discrepancy compared with the experimentally measured shrinkage over a wide range of cure profiles. Demonstrating that the proposed complex thermal expansion model affects the potential to minimise the shrinkage of the studied epoxy resin. A recommendation of material parameters necessary to accurately determine cure shrinkage is listed. These parameters are required to predict cure shrinkage, allow for possible minimisation, and optimise cure profiles for the investigated resin system. Furthermore, in a study where the resin movement is restrained and therefore able to build up residual stresses, these parameters can describe the cure contribution of the residual stresses in a component.

Multi-objective optimization, shrinkage and fracture properties of unsaturated polyester resin modified concrete for bridge deck pavement based on system theory

For the purpose of fabricating unsaturated polyester modified concrete (UPMC) with excellent shrinkage and fracture properties for bridge deck pavement, the optimization design of mix proportion and enhancement mechanism analysis were implemented based on system theory. Firstly, for unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) subsystem, the viscosity, mechanical properties and droplet-size distribution were analyzed to determine the types and dosage of auxiliary additives after emulsification treatment; Next, for UPMC mortar slave-system, the optimization design was implemented through the combination of experimental analysis and hybrid multi-attribute ellipsoidal decision of grey-target (HMEDG) model; Subsequently, for UPMC main-system, the optimal proportion was determined utilizing orthogonal design test. Finally, the variation law and enhancement mechanism on fracture properties and shrinkage characteristics of UPMC was analyzed by combining macroscopic test, thermogravimetry (TG) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results demonstrated that 2.0 wt%BPO+1.0 wt%DMA and meta-benzene types UPR were utilized as auxiliary additives for UPMC based on the results of HMEDG models. The demulsified and cured WUP might supplement the interior moisture losses based on humidity compensation, and substantially constrain the evaporation loss inside the matrix, upgrading the hydration degree and facilitating the generation of hydration products. The introduction of 3 %-6 % waterborne-UPR (WUP) would improve 28d-fracture toughness within approximately 23.33 %-49.32 %, and reduce the shrinkage deformation by roughly 28–43 % through inducing the crack tip stress redistribution against the initiation and propagation of interior microcracks and enhancing the homogenization and densification.

Photopolymerization initiated by p-diethylene glycol monomethyl ether cinnamyl formamide-based disulfide under 455 nm LED with minimized volume shrinkage

This study introduces a novel p-diethylene glycol monomethyl ether cinnamyl formamide-based disulfide monomer, N,N′-(disulfanediylbis(2,1-phenylene)) bis(4-(4-(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy) phenyl)-2-oxobut-3-enamide) (Mp-BSCF), designed to reduce the volume shrinkage of photosensitive resins and initiate monomer polymerization under 455 nm LED light irradiation. The photochemical properties and photoinitiation efficiency of Mp-BSCF are systematically investigated using UV–vis absorption spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and real-time infrared spectroscopy. Although its weak absorption around 455 nm, Mp-BSCF can generate arylthiyl radicals under 455 nm LED irradiation, and then effectively initiate the polymerization of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA)/A glycerolate dimethacrylate (Bis-GMA) system. Increasing Mp-BSCF addition enhances the final double bond conversion and maximum polymerization rate of the TEGDMA/Bis-GMA system, reaching up to 82.0 % and 2.02 % s−1, respectively. Notably, Mp-BSCF significantly reduces the volume shrinkage of the photopolymerization system, with the addition of 10 % Mp-BSCF resulting in a 50 % reduction compared to the control system. This reduction is attributed to the dynamic reversible nature of the SS bond “breaking-recovery” and the intermolecular hydrogen bond interaction. Additionally, Mp-BSCF improves the thermal stability, friction resistance, and hardness of the TEGDMA/Bis-GMA photopolymerization system.

AC breakdown characteristics of ultra violet curable epoxy resin with nitrogen fine bubbles

AbstractWe investigated AC breakdown characteristics of ultra violet curable epoxy resin (UV‐EP) with nitrogen fine bubbles (FBs) in order to improve insulating properties of UV‐EP. As a result, it was found that self‐made FB generator mainly add FBs with a diameter between 60 and 150 nm to FB‐EP before curing. In addition, SEM images revealed that FB‐EP has FBs after curing. Bubble diameter in FB‐EP after curing was estimated between 55 and 140 nm due to resin shrinkage. Furthermore, partial discharge inception voltage and electric strength of FB‐EP with FB addition for 10 min were almost the same as No FB‐EP.

Cryogenics performance enhancement of epoxy resin composites through negative expansion nanomaterials: Mechanism and predictive modeling

AbstractThe matrix cracking of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin based composites (CFRPs) at cryogenics (such as liquid nitrogen temperature) is a major issue affecting the normal operation of deep space and deep‐sea detectors, as microcracks caused by the thermal residual stress of both can reduce the structural integrity of the devices. In this work, we report an epoxy (EP) nanofiller CuO nanorods (CuO NRs) with negative thermal expansion properties at cryogenics. Experiments showed that CuO NRs can effectively inhibit the shrinkage of EP at cryogenics and improve the mechanical properties of EP at cryogenics. A temperature dependent prediction model for the tensile strength of EP/CuO NRs was proposed, and the predicted results were in good agreement with experimental results. Finally, through a combination of experiments and theory, it was demonstrated that the tensile strength of EP/CuO NRs at cryogenics is jointly enhanced by the enhancement effect of the nanomaterials and the axial compressive thermal residual stress between EP and CuO NRs.Highlights Successfully prepared CuO nanorods with negative expansion properties at low temperatures, and found that they can effectively inhibit the shrinkage of epoxy resin at cryogenics. At cryogenics, the expansion of CuO nanorods enhances their interface effect with epoxy resin and improves the tensile strength of epoxy resin composites. The theory of tensile strength of epoxy resin at cryogenics was proposed for the first time. Theoretical analysis shows that the low temperature residual thermal stress between CuO nanorods and epoxy resin is the main factor to improve its tensile strength.

Fiber Bragg grating detection of gel time and residual strain of curing in epoxy resins

AbstractThe curing shrinkage of epoxy resin can generate residual strains and internal stresses that reduce the material's strength and life. In this paper, a thermocouple‐compensated fiber grating detection method for the gel time and residual strain in epoxy resin is proposed. The strain evolution and glass transition temperature of E51/W93 epoxy systems with different Al2O3 contents cured at 30°C are detected by fiber Bragg gratings and DSC tests. The generation mechanism of residual strain in epoxy resin filled with Al2O3 fillers is studied. The gel time, gel temperature and residual strain of epoxy resin can be measured by this method. The results show that the cure shrinkage of epoxy is affected by chemical shrinkage, thermal expansion or shrinkage, and demolding, resulting in residual strain of the material after curing. Moreover, the glass mold has a great interference with the curing shrinkage of epoxy. The Al2O3 filler can prolong the gel time of E51/W93 epoxy systems, and reduce the exothermic peak temperature of curing. When the content of Al2O3 filler exceeds 44.44 wt.%, the low proportion of epoxy and the thermal conductivity of the filler make the curing shrinkage of epoxy during the heating stage mainly affected by chemical shrinkage. The glass transition temperature of the epoxy with Al2O3 content of 70.59 wt.% is the maximum, and the residual strain is at a low level. This method is helpful to analyze the curing shrinkage characteristics of materials, and is of great significance for evaluating the properties of epoxy cured products and guiding the optimization of material parameters.Highlights A method for measuring the gel time and residual strain of curing in epoxy resin is proposed. The study focuses on the detection of key parameters during the curing of epoxy resins with different Al2O3 contents. The aim is to analyze the curing shrinkage and residual strain generation mechanism of epoxy resin filled with different contents of Al2O3.

Revealing low temperature-mechanical coupling failure mechanisms in CFRP laminates with in-situ observations

The number of layers and ply orientations determined the service performance of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) materials. Under low-temperature service conditions, the unclear weakening mechanism of mechanical properties of CFRP aggravates the failure risks of aerospace structures. In present work, the unclear correlation between layers with alternating orientations and the tensile-failure mechanisms of CFRP, the low temperature-mechanical coupling micromechanical behavior, and the failure mechanism of CFRP was experimentally revealed by using a horizontal testing instrument integrated with a low-temperature loading module and real-time optical imaging function. Based on various temperatures in a range from −40 °C to room temperature (RT) and two strain rates, the gradually decreasing trends of tensile strength, Young's modulus, and elongation after fracture with decreasing temperature are obtained. Three failure modes including fiber brittle fracture, fiber pull-out, and interface debonding are proposed to reveal the low temperature-mechanical coupling failure mechanism. Low-temperature asynchronous shrinkage of carbon fiber and epoxy resin promoted the transition from fiber brittle fracture to delamination at the interface. The proposed instrument could establish the approximatively actual service conditions involving low temperature and mechanical load.

Comparison of the stress distribution in base materials and thicknesses in composite resin restorations

Resin-based composite materials are commonly used for restorations, but their dimensional changes during the polymerization could cause various clinical problems. This study evaluated the influence of a base of different materials and thicknesses on the stress magnitude and distribution in a second maxillary premolar with an MOD resin composite restoration using three-dimensional finite element analysis. A sound tooth without cavity was considered as the control group (ST), and another group was restored with composite resin without applying a base material in a MOD cavity (CR). The other three groups were restored with composite resin along with the following base materials: glass ionomer cement, low-viscosity resin, and tricalcium silicate, respectively (CR-GIC, CR-LR, and CR-TS). These three groups were further divided into two subgroups according to the thickness of the base layer: thin (0.5 mm) and thick (1.0 mm). The stress distribution was compared using the maximum principal stress after polymerization shrinkage and vertical loading with 600 N on the occlusal surface. Group ST showed the lowest stress value, and its stress propagation was confined to outer enamel surfaces only. Group CR demonstrated the highest stress distribution in the tooth-restoration interface with increased failure risk on marginal areas. The thin and thick subgroups of the three groups with a base layer had lower stress levels than Group CR. The base materials reduced the marginal stress caused by polymerization shrinkage of composite resin in MOD cavities. Different base materials and thicknesses did not affect the stress distribution.

Thermo-oxidative aging induced multi-scale shrinkage and damage in 3D angle-interlock woven composites

The deterioration of resin and interface in composites deteriorate during high-temperature service, would impact both the thermal stability and overall performance significantly. This paper focused on the experimental characterization of multi-scale damage and resin shrinkage within composites induced by thermo-oxidative aging using Micro-CT, SEM and Confocal Interferometric Microscopy (CIM), and exploring the coupling mechanism between them. The results show that damage distribution and propagation are affected by the hierarchical structure of 3-D angle-interlock fabric. Macro-CIM shows that maximum resin shrinkage depth depends on the resin width and aging time. Resin shrinkage profile evolution demonstrated the accelerating effect of resin crack on shrinkage. Micro-CIM shows that macro yarn cracks form through the accumulation of micro resin cracks in resin-rich areas and fiber/resin interface debonding. The formation of fiber/resin interface crack is tied to the resin shrinkage state, only occurring when the surrounding resin shrinkage slope exceeds a specific threshold value.

Polarization Raman spectroscopy characterizations of microscopic stress in 3D angle-interlock woven composites during thermo-oxidative ageing

Investigating stress distribution of three-dimensional carbon fiber epoxy woven composites after thermo-oxidative ageing, especially the microscopic stress, is key to safety design of composite materials. Here, polarization Raman spectroscopy combined with the Raman stress sensitivity of carbon fiber was employed to characterize the microscopic stress in the carbon fiber along the warp and weft direction, as well as the microscopic stress mapping in the warp and weft interwoven interfaces. Under thermo-oxidative ageing, the carbon fiber was forced with compressive stress caused by the thermo-oxidative shrinkage of resin. The fitting lines of compressive thermo-oxidative ageing stress (TAS) distribution in the warp and weft were similar to the yarn alignment paths. Meta-regression analysis indicated that the compressive TAS in carbon fibers is positively correlated with ageing time. Furthermore, the correlation between the compressive TAS and ageing time in warp yarns is greater than that in weft yarns. The stress distributed unevenly with the synergistic effect of the structure and ageing time, and interfacial failure was generated where interfacial stresses exceeded the interfacial strength. The interfacial failure further propagated with ageing time, leading to matrix cracking.

Process-induced residual stress in a single carbon fiber semicrystalline polypropylene thin film

During the processing of semicrystalline thermoplastic composites, various models for the prediction of residual stress have been proposed but experimental validation is limited. In this study, a modeling framework is developed to predict the evolution of residual stress in a single carbon fiber embedded in a semicrystalline polypropylene thin film subjected to non-isothermal cooling. Validation is based on in-situ measurement of axial fiber strain after processing using micro-Raman Spectroscopy. A material model for polypropylene (50% equilibrium crystallinity) is presented that incorporates the effects of non-isothermal cooling on crystallinity-dependent resin shrinkage and crystallinity-dependent resin modulus from the amorphous polymer melt to room temperature. The evolution of residual stress is calculated using a finite element (FE) model with a user-developed subroutine incorporating the resin material models. Single-fiber polypropylene films are fabricated using a range of fiber pretension levels to prevent fiber waviness during cooling and to induce a wide range of axial strain levels in the fiber for model validation. The fiber axial strain was measured over the length of the fiber, from the free edge into the bulk, capturing the ineffective length region where strain builds up and plateaus. A good correlation has been obtained between the model results and the in-situ measurements of axial compression strain in the fiber. A key finding was the importance of including temperature-dependent resin modulus and that the contribution of crystallinity shrinkage to residual strain in the carbon fiber is relatively low. The model developed in this study is also compared to residual stress models in the literature which shows the importance of including the effects of crystallization and cooling rate on temperature and crystallinity-dependent modulus and resin shrinkage for accurate predictions.

Forming deviation coupling model and control method in the photopolymerization process of ceramic slurry

In the process of photocuring using ceramic slurry, the scattering of ceramic particles is widely acknowledged as the primary cause of deviations. However, when aiming to minimize scattering deviations for the production of intricate structures, it is crucial to also consider deviations resulting from resin shrinkage, an aspect that has been overlooked in previous research. This study successfully reduced scattering deviations by incorporating graphite as a light absorber. This approach enabled the evaluation and analysis of the impact of shrinkage deviations on forming deviations. Experimental results investigating deviations in size and shape across various feature structures demonstrated the substantial impact of shrinkage deviations on the final forming deviations. By combining theoretical analysis with empirical findings, this study proposes a coupled model that accounts for the combined effects of scattering deviations and shrinkage deviations. Additionally, a control method is introduced to enhance forming accuracy by compensating for scattering deviations using shrinkage deviations. Moreover, it elucidates the variation curve of forming deviations with the addition of graphite under different photocuring parameters. Ultimately, this model facilitated the enhancement of ceramic slurry formulation and photocuring process parameters, enabling the high-precision printing of intricate ceramic core molds with incorporated grids.

Novel low-shrinkage dental resin containing microcapsules with antibacterial and self-healing properties

Dental resin restorations commonly fail because of fractures and secondary caries. The aim of this research was to synthesize a novel low-shrinkage dental resin with antibacterial and self-healing properties. The low-shrinkage dental resin was obtained by incorporating a 20 wt% anti-shrinkage mixture of an expanding monomer 3,9-diethyl-3,9-dimethylol −1,5,7,11-tetraoxaspiro[5,5] undecane and an epoxy resin monomer diallyl bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (1:1, referred as “UE”) and different mass fractions of self-healing antibacterial microcapsules (0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10%) were incorporated into the matrix to prepare multifunctional dental resin. Polymerization shrinkage, mechanical properties, antibacterial activity, self-healing ability, and cytotoxicity of this dental resin were evaluated. The polymerization volumetric shrinkage of resin containing 20 wt% UE and 7.5 wt% microcapsules was reduced by 30.12% (4.13% ± 0.42%) compared with control. Furthermore, it exhibited high antibacterial activity and a good self-healing efficiency of 71% without adversely affecting the mechanical property and cell viability. This novel multifunctional dental resin with low polymerization shrinkage and excellent antibacterial activity and self-healing capability has potential application as a dental resin material to decrease the incidence of fractures and secondary caries.

Evaluation and Comparison of Removable Dentures Constructed with The SR-IVOCAP System and The Traditional System.

The treatment of edentulous patients is still a challenging problem. Acrylic resin is the most used material forconstructing removable denture bases. The main disadvantage of this material is resin shrinkage, which occurs during and afterpolymerization. Our study aimed to evaluate the denture parameters regarding patient satisfaction regarding the removabledentures constructed with two different processing techniques: compression molding and injection. 80 patients, who came in theUniversity Dental Clinic, Tirana were examined and evaluated. Those who fulfilled the criteria were treated with removabledentures. The patients were divided into two groups: in the first group, 40 patients were treated with removable denturesconstructed with the compression molding technique, and in the second group, 40 patients were treated with removable denturesconstructed with the injection molding technique. All the clinical and laboratory procedures until the processing technique wereidentical. After denture delivery, all the patients were re-scheduled to fulfill a questionnaire regarding four parameters of theremovable dentures: denture stability, mastication efficiency, denture comfort, and quality of dentures in general. Results. Thedescriptive statistics of the data were done. Sample t-test showed that the SR IVOCAP dentures had higher mean values for allthe parameters than the traditional dentures. Based on our study, the satisfaction of the patients treated with removable dentureswith the SR-IVOCAP system for all the parameters evaluated was higher compared to the patient satisfaction treated withtraditional removable dentures.

Cuspal deflection of teeth restored with bulk fill flowable composite resins, with and without fiber-reinforcement and evaluated by Micro-computed Tomography

Polymerisation shrinkage of composite resins is a clinical challenge which has been well documented in the literature. Many studies investigating polymerisation shrinkage stress measure cuspal deflection, which is a manifestation of this stress. The introduction of flowable bulk-fill composite (BFRBC) materials has streamlined the restorative process, though the shrinkage and cuspal deflection from these BFRBCs has not been compared with regards to its use with polyethylene fibers (Ribbond fibers). The authors describe a method to measure the cuspal deflection of flowable BFRBCs placed in cavities of standardised dimensions at distinct steps of the restorative process, with and without fiber-reinforcement and using x-ray micro-computed tomography. Co-ordinate points are established on the buccal and lingual aspects of scanned specimens using the Volume Graphics VG Studio max 3.2.5 (Hiedelberg, Germany 2018) software. The system allows for these landmarks to be established across each scan (of the same tooth), ensuring standardization of each specimen. Further anatomical points are used to enable analysis. Comparison of angles generated across these points determines the extent of cuspal deflection.•A method of measuring the cuspal deflection of composite resins is proposed.•Experimental procedures are provided.•Data analysis methods are outlined.

Modeling of the effect of ATH fillers on the rheology, curing kinetics, and flexural properties of the epoxy resin forming the hydraulic turbines’ stay vanes extension

Epoxy resins are crucial for the production of GFRP/XPS foam sandwich structures used for hydraulic turbine extension stay vanes. The quantity and size of ATH fillers have a significant impact on the curing and post-curing characteristics of the epoxy resin. This paper presents the results of an experimental study of the effect of ATH fillers on the maximum temperature, polymerization time, shrinkage, viscosity, and flexural properties of the epoxy resin. The study also uses regression and neural network methods to develop models to predict these properties based on ATH mass fraction and particle size. The results showed that increasing the mass fraction of ATH with a smaller particle size delayed polymerization and reduced the maximum temperature. The addition of ATH resulted in an improvement of the flexural modulus; nevertheless, it caused a reduction in both the flexural strength and breakage strain. Adding ATH improved flexural strength, modulus, and breakage strain. The models developed in this study had a high correlation between predicted and measured responses, providing valuable information for the design and casting of the proposed sandwich structures.

Evolution of chemical and mechanical properties in two-photon polymerized materials during pyrolysis

Fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) carbon-based structures at micro/nanoscale, mainly by pyrolysis of photocured resins, has recently drawn attention in battery development, material engineering, and catalysts. Upon pyrolysis, photocured 3D polymer structures undergo thermal decomposition and eventually carbonize while maintaining their 3D features. Herein, we systemically investigate the physical and chemical reactions that occur during the pyrolysis of methacrylate-based resin structures, yielding fundamental knowledge and an improved understanding of the pyrolysis processes. Based on our results, the pyrolysis process can be divided into three stages: monomer evaporation, chemical decomposition, and carbonization, in which the volume shrinkage mainly occurs in the first and third stages. The three stages have different effects on the mechanical properties of the pyrolyzed structures, with monomer evaporation and carbonization enhancing the Young's modulus while decomposition reduces the Young's modulus. Additionally, the surface smoothness of the photocured structures can be improved during pyrolysis due to the shrinkage of the polymer resins, which provides a potential approach to generating ultrasmooth carbon surfaces.

Study of the Behavior and the Mechanical Properties of Adhesively Bonded Polymer Matrix Composites Under Mechanical Loading

Glass fiber reinforced Polymer matrix composites (PMCs) have a complex set of properties - high specific strength and hardness, good corrosion and chemical resistance, and most of all low relative weight, making them the preferred material over metallic materials in a number of industries (aircraft, boat building, renewable energy facilities and many others). The main aim set in the present work was reduced to the obtaining of PMCs made by adhesive bonding of two composites with a matrix of different types of resin (vinyl ester and epoxy) and the study of their behaviour in determining their mechanical properties. The studies were carried out with four types of adhesively bonded PMCs made in the form of laminates produced from a combination of three types of resin (two types of vinyl ester and one type of epoxy resin) and reinforced with biaxial fiberglass. The aim is to combine the lack of shrinkage of the epoxy resin with the better mechanical properties and better productivity of the vinyl ester resin. An analysis to determine shear strength, tensile strength and bending strength of the investigated composites was made. A macrostructural fractographic analysis to investigate the material behaviour under mechanical loads was carried out.

An automated vacuum infusion process for manufacturing high-quality fiber-reinforced composites

A new vacuum infusion process called Automatically Controlled Pressure Vacuum Infusion (ACPVI) was proposed to improve product quality and reduce material and process variabilities by using process automation and combining the advantages of two vacuum infusion processes—Vacuum-Assisted Process (VAP) and Controlled Atmospheric Pressure Resin Infusion (CAPRI). An automated vacuum infusion workstation was designed and constructed. Processing parameters were monitored, including laminate thickness, resin mass, mold temperature, and resin trap and infusion bucket pressures. The ACPVI reduced fabric relaxation during filling and thermal expansion of laminate and increased resin shrinkage compared with the VAP and CAPRI. The ACPVI increased the fiber volume fraction of laminate compared with the VAP and CAPRI. The ACPVI decreased the void content on the inlet side compared with the CAPRI. Compared with the VAP and CAPRI, the ACPVI significantly improved product quality, indicating its potential for manufacturing high-quality fiber-reinforced composites, such as aerospace parts.