Destination Resilience Research Articles

Strengthening Indonesian Tourism Resilience Based on Tourism Operational Risk Management

Along with the rapid development of the tourism industry in Indonesia, the role of tourism risk management is becoming increasingly crucial. However, research on tourism risk management in general and tourism operational risk management in Indonesia has not been carried out much. The purpose of the study, which is also a novelty of this study, is to confirm the importance of tourism Operational Risk Management on the resilience of tourism destinations mediated by tourist satisfaction and tourist loyalty, particularly on several research objects and Indonesian tourism in general. In this article, the researcher presents a five series of studies conducted by researchers that focus on the influence of tourism operational risk management on satisfaction and loyalty. The research method used in general is the explanatory sequential design of mixed methods research. The five series of studies used in this article involve various research objects spread across several research locations to explore findings that can strengthen the validity and reliability of findings on one object in a wider area. Research samples come from domestic and foreign tourists and involve business owners, local communities, and relevant stakeholders who have met the criteria set by the researcher. These samples were generally taken using multi-stage sampling techniques. The data collection technique uses the Concurrent Triangulation Strategy regarding information convergence. The findings of five studies conducted found a positive influence of operational risk management performance on tourist satisfaction and loyalty. Value perceived by tourists represented by tourist satisfaction increases when tourist destination managers manage operational risk well. Normatively and based on the findings of previous studies, tourism resilience is built on the basis of tourist satisfaction and loyalty. Thus, strengthening operational risk management has the potential to increase Indonesian tourism's resilience.

Destination resilience and transformations in the tourism sector: new tendencies in destination development and management

The world is increasingly changing, with climate change, pandemics, and wars becoming key factors. The recent pandemic devastated the tourism industry, leading to a sudden collapse of the global tourism economy. Historically disastrous situations are well known for their impact on innovations and technological advances. Therefore, in light of the idea that disasters can act as catalyst for innovation and transformation, the researchers attempted to conceptualise new strategies in destination development and management from a perspective of tourism destination resilience. The findings contribute to research and policy-making and culminate in identifying six dimensions, namely technology and digitalisation, business model innovation, partnerships and coordination, tourist behaviour, domestic tourism, and sustainability, that illuminate innovative and transformative tendencies in tourism resilience. The study's outcomes offer comprehensive knowledge for policymakers, business planners, and students describing the use of innovative ideas and resilience strategies to adapt to and counter sudden disasters and adopt transformational shifts in business.

Exploring the Role of Destination Resilience Plans in Promoting Tourism: A Literature Review

The study investigates the critical importance of destination resilience in enhancing tourism, particularly in the wake of challenges such as the COVID-19 pandemic. The primary aim of the research is to analyze how effective governance, stakeholder engagement, resource management, and risk assessment contribute to the resilience of tourist destinations and micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). To achieve this, the study employs a comprehensive literature review methodology, synthesizing existing research on destination resilience strategies and their implications for tourism promotion. The findings reveal that destination resilience plans significantly impact tourism performance, stakeholder participation, and sustainable development. Additionally, the study highlights the necessity of integrating innovative practices and technology to bolster the resilience of tourism sectors. In conclusion, this research provides valuable insights for destination management organizations, policymakers, and industry researchers, emphasizing the need for strategic planning and collaboration to foster long-term sustainability and resilience in tourism. The study serves as a foundation for future investigations and policy-making in the realm of sustainable tourism, addressing existing gaps in the literature and offering practical recommendations for enhancing destination resilience.

Assessing the reactions of tourist markets to reinstated travel restrictions in the destination during the post-COVID-19 phase

This study, leveraging search engine data, investigates the dynamics of China's domestic tourism markets in response to the August 2022 epidemic outbreak in Xinjiang. It focuses on understanding the reaction mechanisms of tourist-origin markets during destination crises in the post-pandemic phase. Notably, the research identifies a continuous rise in the potential tourism demand from tourist origin cities, despite the challenges posed by the epidemic. Further analysis uncovers a regional disparity in the growth of tourism demand, primarily influenced by the economic stratification of origin markets. Additionally, the study examines key tourism attractions such as Duku Road, highlighting its resilient competitive system, which consists of distinctive tourism experiences, economically robust tourist origins, diverse tourist markets, and spatial pattern stability driven by economic factors in source cities, illustrating an adaptive response to external challenges such as crises. The findings provide new insights into the dynamics of tourism demand, offering a foundation for developing strategies to bolster destination resilience and competitiveness in times of health crises.

Application of AI Technology for the Development of Destination Tourism towards an Intelligent Information System

"The pervasive influence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology is fundamentally transforming industries and daily life. AI, an emulation of human intelligence in machines, endows systems with the capacity to autonomously learn reason and make decisions. By processing extensive datasets at unprecedented speeds, AI is ushering in a revolution across diverse domains, including healthcare, finance, education and manufacturing. Its applications span from elevating customer experiences through personalized recommendations to propelling advancements in areas like autonomous vehicles and precision agriculture. With the tourism industry in transformative evolution, AI is pivotal in enhancing visitor experiences, streamlining operations, and fostering sustainable destination management. AI-powered solutions personalize and simplify the entire traveller journey, offering tailored recommendations for pre-trip planning, on-site experiences and post-travel engagement. This not only boosts customer satisfaction but also elevates the overall appeal and competitiveness of destinations. Moreover, AI optimizes operational processes by utilizing predictive analytics and machine learning for demand forecasting, resource allocation, and crowd management. This facilitates data-driven decision-making, promoting efficient resource utilization and minimizing environmental impact. In sustainable tourism, AI monitors and manages environmental factors, employing smart sensors and analytics to assess ecological impact. This enables the implementation of proactive measures to preserve natural resources and protect biodiversity, contributing to smart infrastructure development for destination resilience. The integration of AI in destination tourism drives economic growth and enhances safety for travellers. AI-powered systems analyse real-time data to detect and respond to potential threats, ensuring a secure environment. As the tourism industry evolves, embracing AI becomes imperative for destinations to remain competitive, sustainable, and resilient. This abstract provides insights into the diverse applications of AI in destination tourism, underscoring benefits for tourists and destination management stakeholders."

Short- and long-term destination resilience in Wuhan, China under COVID-19: Differences in scenic spot type and origin market structure

Analyzing changes in destination resilience can inform critical but under-explored linkages characterizing disaster events and recovery. Based on web search data from 2011 to 2021, this study applied Tourism Background Trend Line (TBTL) modeling to calculate tourism resilience of 41 scenic spots in Wuhan, China under COVID-19. Existing government classifications and market demand data informed scenic spot categorization into three groups based on attraction type (cultural, leisure, natural) or domestic origin market structure (high, moderate and low dependence on the local market). Two-way ANOVAs tested differences in short- and long-term resilience among these different groups. Results indicate that scenic spots with low dependence on the local market were most resilient in the short-term (Jan–April 2020), while scenic spots with high dependence on the local market and natural scenic spots were most resilient in the long-term (May 2020–Dec 2021). Findings highlight heterogeneities in destination resilience at the micro-scale within a single destination, encouraging managers to develop targeted marketing strategies for various scenic spots at different stages of crises like COVID-19. The study's novel framework and implications also inform short-versus long-term resilience theory while accentuating destination recovery strategies in post-pandemic contexts.

Applying the right remedy? Crisis management reporting on different destination resilience under the internal crisis events

ABSTRACT Research on precise crisis management reporting strategies for destinations with different levels of resilience remains insufficient. Therefore, based on situational crisis communication theory (SCCT), this study analyses the interaction effects of crisis management reporting and perceived destination resilience on the maintenance of destination-tourist relationship quality by conducting three scenario-based experiments. The results indicate that, among destinations facing internal crises, matching constructive crisis management reporting with high perceived destination resilience and matching nonconstructive crisis management reporting with low perceived destination resilience can maintain destination-tourist relationship quality more effectively. Moreover, destination trust and perceived responsiveness play mediating roles in this process. The study reveals the influencing factors and process mechanisms associated with the process of maintaining destination-tourist relationship quality under the impact of internal crises, thereby expanding the theoretical framework for and content of destination crisis communication research and providing practical guidance for tourism crisis response and management.

Analyzing Destination Resilience From A Spatiotemporal Perspective

The tourism industry is vulnerable to external shocks. Various crises inevitably impact the tourism industry and tourist destinations negatively but at the same time bring opportunities to examine destination resilience in response to a real shock that is hard to simulate. To manage a crisis more effectively, two critical issues should be addressed: the duration of the impact of the crisis (i.e., temporal perspective) and the affected geographical scale (i.e., spatial perspective), which have been neglected in previous studies on destination resilience. To address the above gaps, this research develops a comprehensive, multi-stage, dynamic spatiotemporal analytical framework to firstly measure two aspects of tourism resilience (i.e., resistance and recovery), and secondly analyze the influencing factors of tourism resilience. The empirical context of international tourism in Europe during the COVID-19 pandemic is used to demonstrate the applicability of the developed framework and relevant policy implications.

Antecedents of Sustainable Tourism Development in Sundarbans, Bangladesh with the Moderation of Political Instability and Mediation of Destination Resilience

ABSTRACT The study examines the antecedent of sustainable tourism development in the Sundarbans, Bangladesh context, using the influence of political instability as a moderator and destination resilience as a mediator. Social exchange theory and the complexity theory are underpinning theories. The study follows the positivism philosophy, quantitative method, and deductive approach. SmartPLS (4.0) analysed 339 responses using structural equation modelling (SEM). Findings evidenced that infrastructure development greatly affected destination resilience but had a negligible effect on sustainable tourism development. In contrast, place image and stakeholders’ integration had a negligible effect on destination resilience and sustainable tourism development, and political instability did not provide evidence of a moderating effect. Besides extending the applicability of the abovementioned theories, the study’s empirical findings will enhance the consciousness and proactivity among relevant stakeholders, tour operators, tourists, residents, businesses, policymakers and government regarding sustainable tourism and achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs) through the tourism industry.

Investigation of the Destination Resilience of Turkey: New Insights from Convergence Hypothesis

This study focuses on the context of diversified challenges Turkey’s tourism industry faces. This study aims to test the validity of the convergence hypothesis from the perspective of destination flexibility by separating the pre-pandemic and post-pandemic periods in Turkey’s 15 top tourist-producing countries. The data collected from the period 2001:1 to 2019:12 for pre-pandemic period and 2022:1 to 2023:8 for the post-pandemic period are tested by performing Hepsag’s stationarity test state that the convergence hypothesis is valid in 14 of the 15 major tourism markets for the pre-pandemic period (the Russian Federation, Germany, Bulgaria, England, Iran, Iraq, Georgia, Ukraine, Azerbaijan, Poland, France, Greece, Romania, Israel and Saudi Arabia). However, for the post-pandemic period, it was determined that the convergence hypothesis was valid only for Iraq, Poland, the Russian Federation and Ukraine. Examining the convergence features of tourism markets provides valuable information for decision-makers of Turkey’s tourism policies for economic balance in the growing cities.

Towards a future conceptualization of destination resilience: exploring the role of actors, agency and resilience narratives

PurposeDespite the widespread use and application of resilience, much uncertainty about the conceptualization and operationalization in the context of tourism destinations still exists. The purpose of this paper is to provide a conceptual elaboration on destination resilience and to introduce a model for an improved understanding of the concept.Design/methodology/approachTaking a conceptual research approach, this paper seeks to untangle the fuzziness surrounding the destination and resilience concept by providing a new interpretation that synthesizes theories and concepts from various academic disciplines. It analyses the current debate to derive theoretic baselines and conceptual elements that subsequently inform the development of a new “Destination Resilience Model”.FindingsThe contribution advances the debate by proposing three key themes for future resilience conceptualizations: (1) the value of an actor-centered and agency-based resilience perspective; (2) the importance of the dynamic nature of resilience and the (mis)use of measurement approaches; (3) the adoption of a dualistic resilience perspective distinguishing specified and general resilience. Building on these propositions, we introduce a conceptual model that innovatively links elements central to the concepts of destination and risk and combines different narratives of resilience.Originality/valueThe contribution advances the debate surrounding destination resilience by critically examining the conceptualization and operationalization of destination resilience within previous research and by subsequently proposing a “Destination Resilience Model” that picks up central element of the three new frontiers identified in the conceptually driven review. The innovative integration strengthens the comprehension of the resilience concept at destination level and supports building future capacities to manage immediate adverse impacts as well as novel and systemic risks.

Tourist destination choice on five priority destinations of Indonesia during health crisis

Destination choice is an important component of measuring tourism competitiveness. Although various studies have been conducted to analyze factors influencing destination choice, exploration during a health crisis (i.e. pandemic) has not been widely carried out. Besides, understanding the behavior of domestic tourists in choosing destinations during a pandemic can help tourism/destination managers prepare marketing plans to maintain destination resilience in facing a pandemic. This research was conducted to analyze the factors that influence domestic tourists in choosing tourist destinations during a pandemic. Five priority destinations in Indonesia with different characteristics were used as sample locations, while 609 domestic tourists from large cities in Indonesia were selected as respondents in this research. The results show that health and hygiene are the main factors in destination choice, while destination image and experience have no effect on tourist choices during a pandemic. Therefore, a perception of a safe destination with minimal risk of transmission needs to be built during a pandemic to increase the chances of tourists choosing a destination. This research is useful in building a tourism management strategy towards a destination that is resilient to pandemics.

Communication work for influencing destination resilience – DMOs experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic

ABSTRACT Previous research has identified good communication as one of several key factors essential for destination resilience. However, there has been a lack of research on how communication contributes to this development. To address this gap, this study explores the communication work done by Destination Management Organizations (DMOs) with stakeholders to influence destination resilience. The study examines the interrelationship between the DMO and the destination stakeholders on national, regional, and local levels. The study consists of 39 interviews with the largest DMOs in Sweden. The results suggest that DMOs employed various forms of communication work and roles. The work, such as working in networks and performing business intelligence, is connected to supporting environmental sensitivity and connectivity, which are crucial to destination resilience. The success of DMOs’ communication work in influencing destination resilience depends on their ability to be proactive, adapt to a constantly changing environment, and use established networks. The DMOs learned from and mitigated the consequences of the pandemic while building strength to withstand anticipated future stressors. Thus, the DMOs influenced both planned and adaptive resilience. The study's findings increase our understanding of the communication work and roles employed by DMOs to influence the resilience of a destination.

Running toward Sustainability: Exploring Off-Peak Destination Resilience through a Mixed-Methods Approach—The Case of Sporting Events

The sustainability of tourism activities faces many challenges. Furthermore, in the context of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and their overall slow progress, tourism-related goals and targets are underachieved. To address these challenges, this study has recognized sporting events as an opportunity to enhance the socio-economic activities in tourism destinations during off-season periods. More specifically, the aim of this study is to explore the dynamics of off-season destination resilience through small-scale running events, focusing on three key aspects: the strategies employed by organizers, the synergy created within the community, and the sustainable outcomes. Drawing on insights from qualitative interviews with twenty-five running event organizers across Greece, supported by the Delphi method to confirm and validate the results, their perceptions of the economic and socio-cultural dimensions are explored. This study identifies a number of strategies that enrich running events and can contribute to the sustainability of off-peak destinations. Additionally, the concept of synergy is identified and explored, emphasizing the importance of local engagement, participant encouragement, and community collaborations. These findings provide a comprehensive understanding of how these factors can influence the sustainability of off-peak destinations. To further validate and extend these findings, the second part of this study performs a quantitative analysis using PLS-SEM, involving eighty local authorities in Greece. The results highlight the mediating role of small-scale event enrichment strategies on the relationship between synergy and destination sustainability. This multifaceted approach indicates the dynamics of sustainable tourism, by examining the case of small-scale running events in the off-peak season. The impact of this balanced approach on the broader achievement of relevant SDGs is also supported. The implications of this research, in terms of its strategic and stakeholder orientation for tourism professionals and government agencies, are also discussed.

Європейські вектори сільського туризму

Ukrainian tourism, particularly rural, faces various challenges related to the ongoing war, consequences of aggression against the country, and simultaneous developments of approximation of the country's policy course to the vectors of the European Union. Tourism is primarily the competence of the EU member states. However, to meet the competition, Ukraine -on the way to European integration - should prioritize digital and green transformation in unity with the guidelines for the resilience and sustainability of destinations. Among policy vectors, there is a need to improve legal mechanisms (also enabling the appropriate monitoring and data collection), introduce the industrial ecosystem approach and shift from market to destination model, and follow the initial steps in synergy between rural tourism and agriculture, focuses on community-oriented tourism, and innovations, including digitalization, involvement in international networks (Slow Food, Zero Waste, Climate Friendly Travel, Best Tourism Villages by UN Tourism, etc. The practices already developed in the EU will overtake the partly "limited by circumstances" understanding of the role of rural areas and the potential of their use in Ukrainian practice. Without proper familiarization and correlation with the EU in policy-making and designing the tools and mechanisms of its implementation, the competitive advantages will suffer now and in the future.

Analysis of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on hotel occupancy in the main tourist destinations in Mexico

The article takes an innovative approach by longitudinally assessing the impact of the pandemic on hotel occupancy in key Mexican tourist destinations. Its solid quantitative methodology, through statistical comparisons before and after the crisis by season, denotes a rigorous scientific approach. The segmentation of destinations by cluster analysis according to post-pandemic recovery is a valuable contribution. The empirical findings provide deep insight into the resilience of destinations. It highlights the importance of diversifying sources of demand and strengthening human and social capital in the face of disruptive events. The study will set methodological precedents for future research given its replicability. Its modeling of the interaction between government policies and market response provides useful perspectives on public-private sector dynamics. The solid analytical basis will facilitate designing differentiated strategies to boost the sector's recovery. The recommendation to implement tourism intelligence systems denotes visionary public policy. In conclusion, this doctoral work exemplifies a holistic and innovative approach to a phenomenon of global interest.

Smart Destination Management: Challenges and Practices

Smart destination management is a rapidly evolving concept that aims to enhance the sustainability,competitiveness, and resilience of tourism destinations through the integration of innovativetechnologies and practices. While the benefits of Smart destination management are significant,there are also several challenges that need to be addressed. In this abstract, we explore the challengesand practices of Smart destination management. One of the key challenges is the lack of astandardized framework for Smart destination management. The absence of a common set of indicators,metrics, and benchmarks makes it difficult to measure the effectiveness of Smart destinationmanagement initiatives and compare performance across destinations.

Fostering Destination Resilience: A Conceptual Framework Linking Sustainable Tourism and Tourism Threats

The sustainability of the tourism industry faces an array of threats that demand attention to ensure its viability. This paper presents a conceptual study introducing a comprehensive framework to evaluate and enhance destination resilience in the context of sustainable tourism. The study introduces a novel framework that gives a holistic overview of the challenges that faces the tourism industry in addition to resilience dimensions. By bridging sustainable tourism, destination resilience, and threats analysis, the paper establishes a symbiotic relationship crucial for effective destination management. This framework not only advances theoretical insights but also offers practical guidance for stakeholders, enabling informed decision-making to fortify destinations against diverse challenges.

Is Social Tourism a Vector for Destination Resilience to External Shocks? Evidence From Spain

Unpredictable external shocks exacerbate the negative effects usually attributed to cyclical seasonality. Two such recent shocks, the Global Financial Crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic, shifted debates from crisis management toward concerns for greater resilience in visitor economies. Social tourism is an effective stimulus to destination economies and ameliorates some negative effects of seasonality, but there is little evidence on its contributions to greater destination resilience. Furthermore, resilience, a relatively new concept, is poorly defined. We establish a conceptual link between seasonality and resilience through a holistic multivariate analysis of supply, demand and employment patterns. An empirical study examines resilience longitudinally using municipal-level data, applying multivariate analysis and innovative visualization techniques, and assesses how, where and to what degree the Imserso social tourism program has contributed to the greater resilience of Spanish destinations, demonstrating its effectiveness in contributing to resilience in those which are more vulnerable due to high seasonal imbalances.

TOURISM DESTINATION RESILIENCE OF JUNGUT BATU VILLAGE NUSA PENIDA

Tourism Destination Resilience (TDR) is a process and outcome that enables a tourism destination to survive adversity and rise from a crisis or disaster. One of the tourist destinations with serious risks related to emergencies and disasters is Jungut Batu Village. The problems faced by Jungut Batu Village are very complex, starting from its geographical location and the social life of the people to its community's excessive dependence on tourism. This study examines the resilience of tourist destinations in Jungut Batu Village. This study's qualitative data type is collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The informant determination technique used was purposive sampling and snowball sampling techniques, with the criterion that the informant must be a person or stakeholder who is knowledgeable or has accurate information about tourism destinations in Jungut Batu village and has an important role. Then, the collected data was descriptively and qualitatively analyzed using ten destination resilience stages initiated by PATA 2020. The results showed that Jungut Batu Village had fulfilled every criterion of the ten destination resilience stages proposed by PATA 2020. I am running a few minutes late; my previous meeting is over. And, therefore, was classified as a resilient tourism destination.