Association Of Resilience Research Articles

Factors associated with quality of life early after ischemic stroke: the role of resilience

ABSTRACTBackground and objectives: Stroke commonly results in physical dysfunction and seriously affects the quality of life. We aimed to estimate the prevalence and association of resilience with the quality of life among patients at hospitalization and whether the association was independent of physical function, anxiety, depression, and other population characteristics.Methods: A cross-sectional study at a tertiary hospital included 215 individuals. The Chinese version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale was used to evaluate resilience. Stroke Scale Quality of life was used to measure the quality of life. Other validated questionnaires were used to assess physical function (Functional Independency Measure), anxiety, and depression (the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale). Hierarchical regression analysis was applied to determine the association between psychological factors and quality of life. Multiple linear regression was also used to examine whether resilience independently affects the quality of life.Results: The mean score of 215 participants’ resilience was 62.36 ± 13.965. Resilience, anxiety, and depression were separately significantly associated with quality of life. Resilience was negatively associated with anxiety and depression. Subjects with high scores of resilience showed a higher quality of life at patients’ hospitalization (Standardized Coefficients = 0.275) independent of physical function, anxiety, depression, disease-related characteristics, and sociodemographic characteristics.Discussion: Resilience was an independent predictor of quality of life beyond anxiety and depression in patients with ischemic stroke. Interventions aimed at improving resilience at acute hospitalization might be a worthwhile addition to improve quality of life early after stroke.

3196 Assessing the Relationship between Resilience and Pain Catastrophizing in Patient Reported Outcomes following Total Knee Replacement

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: The aim of the present study is to explore the relationships between resilience, pain catastrophizing, and functional outcomes in pre-and post-operative TKR patients. The primary outcome is the ability of the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) to predict function using the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score Joint Replacement (KOOS, JR.) and overall health on the Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System Global Health (PROMIS GH). METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Recruited patients will provide informed consent during in-person office visits. At the pre-surgery intake appointment, patients will provide demographic information and complete baseline questionnaires assessing resilience, pain catastrophizing, knee stiffness, pain, and function, and impression of overall health. In-person or electronic follow-up assessments will be administered post-surgery at 6-week, 3-month, and 6-month appointments. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We aim to recruit 150 patients for this study. We do not expect a difference in sociodemographic characteristics of the patient sample. P-values will be based on t-tests and correlations calculated by comparing only non-missing values. Each outcome measure will be examined at each time point and trajectories will be calculated to determine the change in each outcome over time. Using latent class growth modeling we will examine individual change over time for each outcome (BRS, PCS, PROMIS GH, and KOOS JR.), and the association of resilience and pain with change in function (KOOS, JR. total score) and overall health (PROMIS GH). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: To our knowledge, this is the only known study that will compare resilience, pain catastrophizing and longitudinal health outcomes in a single paradigm. Results will hopefully inform the design and implementation of future studies that will assess the impact of preoperative treatment of vulnerable patients. The ultimate goal is to improve functional recovery by using pre-identified psychological constructs as intervention points. Ideally, the same measures would be implemented, however, details of this plan will be established following completion of this study.

Venus flytrap microbiotas withstand harsh conditions during prey digestion

The carnivorous Venus flytrap (Dionaea muscipula) overcomes environmental nutrient limitation by capturing small animals. Such prey is digested with an acidic enzyme-containing mucilage that is secreted into the closed trap. However, surprisingly little is known about associations with microorganisms. Therefore, we assessed microbiotas of traps and petioles for the Venus flytrap by 16S amplicon meta-barcoding. We also performed time-series assessments of dynamics during digestion in traps and experimental acidification of petioles. We found that the traps hosted distinct microbiotas that differed from adjacent petioles. Further, they showed a significant taxonomic turnover during digestion. Following successful catches, prey-associated bacteria had strong effects on overall composition. With proceeding digestion, however, microbiotas were restored to compositions resembling pre-digestion stages. A comparable, yet less extensive shift was found when stimulating digestion with coronatine. Artificial acidification of petioles did not induce changes towards trap-like communities. Our results show that trap microbiota were maintained during digestion despite harsh conditions and recovered after short-term disturbances through prey microbiota. This indicates trap-specific and resilient associations. By mapping to known genomes, we predicted putative adaptations and functional implications for the system, yet direct mechanisms and quantification of host benefits, like the involvement in digestion, remain to be addressed.

Association of resilience with health-related quality of life and depression in multiple myeloma and its precursors: results of a German cross-sectional study

ObjectivesTo investigate the relation between resilience, health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and depression in multiple myeloma (MM) and its premalignant stages. MM is one of the most frequent haematological disorders....

Association of Resilience and Depression with Self-care Competence in Adult Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to examine the relationships between resilience, depression, and self-care competence and identify factors associated with self-care competence in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: This study was a descriptive research. Structured questionnaire on patients’ sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, resilience, depression, and self-care competence was used for survey with a convenience sample of 152 patients with diabetes mellitus. Data were collected from July to December 2016. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one way ANOVA, Pearson`s correlation coefficient, and multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 21.0 program. Results: The mean scores on resilience, depression, and self-care competence were 2.86±0.42, 18.11±10.05, and 4.27±0.78, respectively. Self-care competence showed a statistically significant positive correlation with resilience (r=.47, p<.001), and negative correlation with depression (r=-.29, p<.001). Resilience showed a negative correlation with depression (r=-.53, p<.001). Resilience (β=.38, p<.001) was significantly associated with factors of self-care competence in patients with diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that factor influencing self-care competence was resilience in patients with diabetes mellitus. Therefore, nursing intervention programs for increasing the self-care competence should include regular assessments and strategies for improving resilience in patients with diabetes mellitus. It is recommended that the studies should be performed to confirm the relationship between resilience and self-care competence by using resilience instrument developed for adults.

Resilience and Physical and Mental Well-Being in Adults with and Without HIV

Resilience has been related to improved physical and mental health, and is thought to improve with age. No studies have explored the relationship between resilience, ageing with HIV, and well-being. A cross sectional observational study performed on UK HIV positive (N = 195) and HIV negative adults (N = 130). Associations of both age and ‘time diagnosed with HIV’ with resilience (RS-14) were assessed, and the association of resilience with depression, anxiety symptoms (PHQ-9 and GAD-7), and problems with activities of daily living (ADLs) (Euroqol 5D-3L). In a multivariable model, HIV status overall was not related to resilience. However, longer time diagnosed with HIV was related to lower resilience, and older age showed a non-significant trend towards higher resilience. In adults with HIV, high resilience was related to a lower prevalence of depression, anxiety, and problems with ADLs. It may be necessary to consider resilience when exploring the well-being of adults ageing with HIV.

Association of Resilience With Depression and Health-Related Quality of Life for Patients With Hidradenitis Suppurativa

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) places a significant burden on the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of patients, many of whom have depression. Resilience can play a role in mitigating the negative stressors, such as the symptoms of HS, on patients' mental health. To investigate the correlation among resilience, depression, and HRQOL for patients with HS. This cross-sectional survey study of 154 patients from 2 referral centers in the United States and in Denmark was conducted from June 1, 2016, to March 31, 2017. Patients were considered eligible if they were 18 years or older and had a visit for HS at 1 of the 2 referral centers in the past 2 years (from January 1, 2014, through December 31, 2016). Patients were excluded if they declined to participate, could not read or write in English or Danish, or had a cognitive disability that would preclude their understanding of the survey questions. The survey instrument included 4 questionnaires: (1) a sociodemographic and clinical characteristics questionnaire, (2) the Brief Resilient Coping Scale, (3) the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and (4) the Dermatology Life Quality Index. The main outcome of interest was the HRQOL as measured by the Dermatology Life Quality Index. All 154 patients submitted a completed survey. The mean (SD) age of the participants was 40.93 (13.5) years; most participants were women (130 [84.4%]), and most participants self-identified as white (139 [90.2%]). The rate of depression among the patients in this study was comparable to those reported in previous studies; 55 patients (35.7%) were classified as having depression, and 32 patients (20.8%) had borderline depressive symptoms. Patient-rated HS severity and the depression score each independently estimated 27% and 10% of variation in HRQOL, respectively. The interaction term for resilience and depression was significant, indicating that resilience moderates depression. Analysis of the mediation effects of resilience was not significant, indicating that resilience did not mediate the association between depressive symptoms and HRQOL. The resilience score was significantly associated with depressive symptoms (regression coefficient a = -0.21; P < .001), and the depressive symptoms score (c = 0.637; P < .001) was significantly associated with lower HRQOL (c' = 0.644; P < .001). However, both the direct association (b = 0.033; P = .86) and the indirect association (a × b = 0.007; P = .87) of resilience with HRQOL were not significant. Patients with higher resilience levels experienced a smaller decrease in HRQOL as depressive symptoms increased. Because the findings suggest that resilience can be taught, there is an opportunity to develop a resiliency training program and investigate its role in stress levels and depressive symptoms, as well as in HRQOL and disease activity.

The Associations of Resilience and HIV Risk Behaviors Among Black Gay, Bisexual, Other Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) in the Deep South: The MARI Study.

Resilience is an understudied intrapersonal factor that may reduce HIV risk among men who have sex with men (MSM). Multivariable Poisson regression models were used to estimate the prevalence ratio (PR) of sexual risk behaviors, HIV prevalence, and history of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) with resilience scores in a population-based study among 364 black MSM in the Deep South. Participants with higher resilience scores had a lower prevalence of condomless anal sex with casual sexual partners in past 12months (PR=0.80, p value=0.001) and during their last sexual encounter (PR=0.81; p value=0.009). Resilience was inversely associated with a lower prevalence of condomless anal sex with main sexual partners, participating in a sex party/orgy and having a STI in the past 12months. Resilience may have a protective effect on HIV among black MSM, especially in the Deep South, and should be further explored in studies with prospective designs.

Resilience, Pain Interference, and Upper Limb Loss: Testing the Mediating Effects of Positive Emotion and Activity Restriction on Distress

ObjectiveTo test mediating effects of positive emotion and activity restriction on the associations of resilience and pain interference with distress reported by individuals with traumatic upper limb loss evaluated for prosthetics. DesignCross-sectional correlational study of several demographic and self-report measures of resilience, pain interference, activity restriction, positive emotions, and symptoms of depression and posttraumatic stress. SettingSix regional centers throughout the United States. ParticipantsA total of 263 prospective participants consented to be evaluated for eligibility and need for upper extremity prosthetics; participants (N=202; 57 women [28.2%] and 145 men [71.8%]; mean age, 41.81±14.83y; range, 18.01–72.95y) who sustained traumatic injuries were retained in this study. Most of them were identified as white (70.8%; n=143), followed by black (10.4%; n=21), Hispanic (9.9%; n=20), Asian (3.0%; n=6), other (1.5%; n=3), and missing (4.5%; n=9). InterventionsNot applicable. Main Outcome MeasuresPrimary Care Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Screen and depression screen. ResultsResilience and pain interference were significantly correlated in predicted directions with positive emotions, activity restriction, and the 2 distress variables. A path model revealed that the associations of resilience and pain interference with both distress variables were completely mediated by positive emotions and activity restriction. There were no significant direct effects of resilience or pain interference on either distress variable. ConclusionsResilience may facilitate adjustment via beneficial and predicted associations with positive emotions and active engagement with the environment. These relations are independent of the significant and inverse associations of pain interference with these same variables. Longitudinal research is needed to understand interactions between positive emotions and activity over time in promoting adjustment after traumatic limb loss. Individuals reporting depression and/or posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms may require interventions that reduce avoidance and promote activities that may increase the likelihood of experiencing positive emotions.

The association of resilience, perceived stress and predictors of depressive symptoms in sexual and gender minority youths and adults

Research in the sexual and gender minority population (SGM) tends to focus on describing risk factors for negative health outcomes and identification of stressors, which tend to be higher in this population compared to the non-SGM (i.e., mainstream heterosexual) population. This study examines the intersection between perceived stress and resilience associated with self-reported depressive symptoms using standardised instruments, such as the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2), among SGM adults (n = 3017) and youths (n = 232). A higher proportion of SGM individuals are stressed and report depressive symptoms compared to non-SGM individuals, whereas the mean resilience scores were similar to the general population. For SGM adults, but not youths, we found an association between lower resilience scores and higher perceived stress scores. SGM adults who had a ‘higher’ depressive symptom score (PHQ-2 ≥ 3) were more likely to have a lower resilience score, a higher stress score, be unemployed or disabled, and less likely to have attended some college or graduated from college. For SGM youth, higher stress and lower resilience scores were associated with ‘higher’ depressive symptom score (PHQ-2 ≥ 3). Our findings suggest that resilience-based prevention and treatment approaches to depression may serve to mitigate the effect of stress in SGM individuals.

Führt niedrige Resilienz zu einer stärkeren psychischen Belastung?

The purpose of this article is an analysis of the association between resilience, age and gender with psychological distress through anxiety and depression. In a sample of 3784 individuals, the association of resilience with anxiety and depression was examined using a linear regression model. In addition to resilience, age and gender as well as the combination of these factors and their effects on resilience were analyzed. Low resilience predicts both anxiety and depression. Gender moderates this association. In male persons a stronger association between resilience and depression was found. In practice, these results should be considered in treatment.

Candidate SNP associations of optimism and resilience in older adults: exploratory study of 935 community-dwelling adults.

Optimism and resilience promote health and well-being in older adults, and previous reports suggest that these traits are heritable. We examined the association of selected single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with optimism and resilience in older adults. Candidate gene association study that was a follow-on at the University of California, San Diego, sites of two NIH-funded multi-site longitudinal investigations: Women's Health Initiative (WHI) and SELenium and vitamin E Cancer prevention Trial (SELECT). 426 women from WHI older than age 50 years, and 509 men older than age 55 years (age 50 years for African American men) from SELECT. 65 candidate gene SNPs that were judged by consensus, based on a literature review, as being related to predisposition to optimism and resilience, and 31 ancestry informative marker SNPs, genotyped from blood-based DNA samples and self-report scales for trait optimism, resilience, and depressive symptoms. Using a Bonferroni threshold for significant association (p = 0.00089), there were no significant associations for individual SNPs with optimism or resilience in single-locus analyses. Exploratory multi-locus polygenic analyses with p <0.05 showed an association of optimism with SNPs in MAOA, IL10, and FGG genes, and an association of resilience with a SNP in MAOA gene. Correcting for Type I errors, there were no significant associations of optimism and resilience with specific gene SNPs in single-locus analyses. Positive psychological traits are likely to be genetically complex, with many loci having small effects contributing to phenotypic variation. Our exploratory multi-locus polygenic analyses suggest that larger sample sizes and complementary approaches involving methods such as sequence-based association studies, copy number variation analyses, and pathway-based analyses could be useful for better understanding the genetic basis of these positive psychological traits.

The association of resilience and age in individuals with colorectal cancer: An exploratory cross-sectional study

Studies generally report lower emotional distress in older patients with cancer than in younger patients with cancer. The personality construct of resilience was previously found to be higher with age, but has not been assessed in relation to emotional distress in older patients with cancer. To assess the mediating effect of resilience on the associations between age and emotional distress in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). An exploratory cross-sectional study of 92 individuals, aged 27-87 years, diagnosed with CRC stage II-III, 1-5 years prior to enrollment in the study. They completed the Wagnild and Young's resilience scale and Brief Symptoms Inventory-18, cancer-related problem list, and demographic and disease-related details. Older age, male gender, and less cancer-related problems were associated with higher resilience and lower emotional distress. A Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis and mediation tests showed that, while controlling for cancer-related problems, resilience mediated the effects of age and gender on emotional distress. The study enlarges the explanation for the consistent previous findings on the better adjustment of older patients with cancer. Increased professional support should be provided for patients with low resilience levels.

Personality and Major Depression among Directly Exposed Survivors of the Oklahoma City Bombing.

Background. Few disaster studies have specifically examined personality and resilience in association with disaster exposure, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and major depression. Methods. 151 directly-exposed survivors of the Oklahoma City bombing randomly selected from a bombing survivor registry completed PTSD, major depression, and personality assessments using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for DSM-IV and the Temperament and Character Inventory, respectively. Results. The most prevalent postdisaster psychiatric disorder was bombing-related PTSD (32%); major depression was second in prevalence (21%). Bombing-related PTSD was associated with the combination of low self-directedness and low cooperativeness and also with high self-transcendence and high harm avoidance in most configurations. Postdisaster major depression was significantly more prevalent among those with (56%) than without (5%) bombing-related PTSD (P < .001) and those with (72%) than without (14%) predisaster major depression (P < .001). Incident major depression was not associated with the combination of low self-directedness and low cooperativeness. Conclusions. Personality features can distinguish resilience to a specific life-threatening stressor from general indicators of well-being. Unlike bombing-related PTSD, major depression was not a robust marker of low resilience. Development and validation of measures of resilience should utilize well-defined diagnoses whenever possible, rather than relying on nonspecific measures of psychological distress.