Resilience Framework Research Articles

Community water governance for climate-resilient water security in Fiji

ABSTRACT Climate change is a significant and growing threat to water security in the Pacific Region. However, little is known about how communities in the region mobilize resources and institutions to safeguard water security and build resilience. We engage the community disaster resilience framework and use ethnographic observations and semi-structured interviews to examine how rural communities in Fiji mobilize household and community resources (effectively and otherwise) to manage water security amid persistent climate-related disasters. We highlight important lessons on the opportunities and challenges of community water governance for water security and disaster resilience in the Pacific Islands.

Digital economy development and regional innovation resilience: mechanism and empirical analysis

ABSTRACT Improving the resilience of innovation systems is a prerequisite for achieving high-level self-reliance and self-improvement in science and technology. This study defines a conceptual framework of innovation resilience. It delves into its theoretical and empirical aspects to thoroughly examine the impact and transmission mechanisms of digital economic development on the resilience of regional innovation systems. The research findings reveal that the digital economy positively impacts regional innovation resilience (RIR), a result that persists even after a series of robustness tests. Second, the digital economy can effectively enhance RIR by expanding the scale of the digital industry, strengthening intellectual property protection, and increasing innovation. Third, there is a threshold effect on the influence of the digital economy on RIR, which becomes more pronounced with the developing digital economy and increasing levels of innovation personnel, funding, and output. The conclusions of this study provide new policy tools to strengthen innovation resilience and promote the optimization of regional innovation policies.

We Need a Combination of Approaches to Evaluate Health System Resilience Comment on "Re-evaluating Our Knowledge of Health System Resilience During COVID-19: Lessons From the First Two Years of the Pandemic".

Health system resilience has become a desirable health system attribute in the current permacrisis environment. The article by Saulnier and colleagues reviews the literature on health system resilience and refines the concept, pinpointing dimensions of resilience governance that have not reached consensus, or that are missing from the literature. In this commentary we complement the findings by discussing different conceptual frameworks for understanding resilience and introducing resilience testing, a method to assess health system resilience using a hypothetical shock scenario. Resilience testing is a mixed-methods approach that combines a review of existing data with a structured workshop, where health system experts collaboratively assess the resilience of their health system. The new method is proposed as a tool for policy-making, as the results can identify attributes of the current health system that may hinder or boost a resilient response to the next crisis.

Performing 1-1 Interventions to Address Mathematics Anxiety – An Intervention Case Study of 3 Brazilian Women Who Believed They Were Stupid in Mathematics

Mathematics Anxiety is well-researched, but solutions are few. This study shows the potential to provide an affordable solution, one that could ultimately be rolled out across the country and the world. The 1:1 interventions involve inviting the participants to tell their math story and then introducing the Mathematical Resilience Framework and reframing adverse prior experiences as unrelated to intrinsic ability. The framework includes three tools: the hand model of the brain, the growth zone model, and the relaxation response. The intervention participants were Brazilian volunteers living in England from the local and virtual communities. The levels of Mathematics Anxiety were measured before the intervention using the Betz (1978) scale, and narrative records were made. The qualitative data were analyzed using deductive thematic analysis (Braun Clarke, 2006) through the lens of the Mathematical Resilience Framework. The data indicated the positive impact of performing this kind of intervention.

Food insecurity: The resilient, but “silent poverty” perspectives of older ethnic minority individuals within UK communities

AbstractFood insecurity is acknowledged as a key social determinant of health among older adults. Despite recording significantly higher levels of poverty in comparison to white ethnic groups, older individuals from ethnic minorities are under‐represented as recipients of food aid. Thus, there are knowledge gaps in our understanding of older people and their experiences of food insecurity within ethnic minority communities. Through the theoretical lens of Individual and Community Resilience, we empirically advance our understanding of food security and resilience within South Asian communities via in‐depth interviews with community stakeholders and older individuals from Bangladeshi and Pakistani communities across the Greater Manchester region. Our findings reveal that the integration of temporal, environmental and social constructs within a resilience framework reveals significant potential for further negative social, cultural and economic impact on older ethnic minorities in the future, especially as current food support services do not appear to cater for ethnic dietary preferences, language accessibility and/or cultural norms regarding asking for help/charity outside the home. We predict therefore, in combination with the identified persistent stressors, that food insecurity issues within older ethnic minority communities are likely to get much worse, resulting in the need for extensive resilient capacities to cope with future cost‐of‐living challenges. In acknowledging previous limitations within previous resilience frameworks, we propose an incremental contribution to theory and conclude by identifying culturally and operationally appropriate food support system approaches, which can be used to address the increasing prevalence of “silent poverty” within ethnic minority communities.

Cybersecurity in the Age of AI: Protecting Our Data and Privacy in a Digital World

In the digital age, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is pivotal in enhancing cybersecurity, offering advanced capabilities to detect and mitigate cyber threats efficiently. This article delves into AI's role in strengthening cyber security, emphasizing its ability to proactively identify vulnerabilities, forecast attacks, and automate incident responses. It also addresses the challenges and ethical concerns associated with AI in cyber security, such as the potential for misuse by cybercriminals to conduct sophisticated attacks and issues related to data privacy and algorithmic bias. The piece highlights the necessity of a balanced approach to leveraging AI, advocating for collaboration among stakeholders to navigate the ethical and regulatory complexities. Ultimately, it underscores AI's indispensable role in developing resilient cyber security frameworks and fostering a secure digital environment amidst an increasingly complex threat landscape.

Building towards organisational resilience and complexity leadership: a case study of impacts and changes in a Dutch blood establishment during COVID-19

ObjectivesThis study examined how one large blood-related establishment coped and adapted during the first 1.5 years of the pandemic by evaluating the impacts and changes on its resources, communication, collaborations,...

Community Resilience Assessment: Implementation of a Novel Resilience Framework in Four Different European Case Study Areas

Community Resilience Assessment: Implementation of a Novel Resilience Framework in Four Different European Case Study Areas

Applying Kumpfer’s resilience framework to understand the social adaptation process of the trailing parents in China

BackgroundTrailing parents, a distinct group emerging from China’s rapid social change and urbanization, are experiencing migration in old age, posing challenges for their social adaptation. Existing research has mainly focused on the hardships faced by this group, but few studies have focused on how they cope with change and achieve some degree of successful social adaptation. This study aimed to understand the coping and social adaptation process of trailing parents in China.MethodsThis study used a qualitative research approach. A total of 24 trailing parents were invited to participate in a semi-structured interview and share their experiences and efforts to cope with the many challenges. Kumpfer’s resilience framework was used as the theoretical framework for the study design, data collection, and data analysis.ResultsThis study identified several intra-family and community stressors that trailing parents may face when moving to a new environment and uncovered five key resilience characteristics that may be triggered or fostered in the presence of these stressors, including physical fitness, psychological stability, open-mindedness, learning ability, and nurturing hobbies. Individuals with resilience traits have been observed to engage in positive cognitive processing and transform the new environment. Consistent with Kumpfer’s resilience framework, this study revealed the dynamics of the stressors faced by trailing parents in the new environments, the role of resilience characteristics, and the critical influence of social support in shaping the interplay between the individual and the environment that enabled them to adapt positively.ConclusionsThis study highlights the importance of fostering resilience traits and leveraging positive coping mechanisms to facilitate a smoother adaptation process for trailing parents. Meanwhile, there is an urgent need to focus on creating opportunities that strengthen their social support networks.

Resilient distributed model predictive control of state‐delayed linear parameter varying systems with quantitative communication against denial of service attacks

AbstractThis work presents a resilient distributed model predictive control (MPC) method for linear parameter varying (LPV) systems with state delays and attacks in communication networks. Coordinations are required for distributed MPC (DMPC) to achieve the global performance of centralized MPC (CMPC). However, control performance can be severely degraded by unreliable communication networks, for example, with denial of service (DoS) attacks. A resilient control framework is derived to address the unreliable communications in DMPC. A global system is divided into subsystems for the distributed control purpose. To deal with the model uncertainties and state delays, a “min‐max” DMPC algorithm is presented with a buffer to ensure resilience against DoS attacks. A quantization scheme is introduced to quantize the control information exchanged between subsystems. An iterative interaction scheme is proposed to exchange feedback control laws among subsystems. The stability of the closed‐loop system under the proposed algorithm is ensured by using a Lyapunov function method. The effectiveness of the proposed DMPC is demonstrated through two simulation examples.

Telescopic forklift selection through a novel interval-valued Fermatean fuzzy PIPRECIA–WISP approach

Telescopic forklifts stand apart from other forklift types, boasting numerous benefits. They offer notable advantages, such as enhanced manoeuvrability, accessibility to elevated areas, versatility, and the capacity to operate at high speeds. Choosing appropriate telescopic forklifts can substantially enhance operational efficiency and efficacy within the industry. Concurrently, it can bolster business competitiveness by expediting logistical processes, yielding notable cost reductions. Nonetheless, the intricacy and specificity inherent in these machines complicate the decision-making process for stakeholders. Furthermore, conflicting criteria, the continuous evolution of manufacturers’ models, and the industry’s intricate nature compound the selection challenges. Hence, there is a pressing need for a resilient, dependable, and practical decision-making framework capable of adeptly navigating uncertainties to yield reliable and coherent outcomes. This study aimed to develop an integrated decision-making model based on interval-valued Fermatean fuzzy (IVFF) sets to respond to these requirements and address this critical decision-making problem in the relevant industry, which is also significantly affected by complex uncertainties. This work, therefore, introduces an integrated methodology for decision-making, IVFF–PIPRECIA and IVFF–WISP techniques. IVFF–PIPRECIA determines criteria importance weights, whereas IVFF–WISP identifies optimal alternatives. A case study in the textile industry validates the framework’s practicality. Purchase price emerges as the primary criterion, exceeding 500 thousand euros for telescopic forklifts, followed closely by load-carrying capacity. The second alternative proves to be the best option. Comparative and sensitivity analyses confirm the model’s credibility. The approach effectively handles decision-making uncertainties, yielding competitive outcomes. It can be applied to diverse engineering problems. Insights from this study assist users in selecting optimal equipment and may inform forklift manufacturers in improving machinery. Future research could focus on establishing real-time operational data collection frameworks for these vehicles.

The effects of COVID-19 on the resilience of urban life in China

Understanding the impacts of COVID-19 on citizens from different cities is crucial for urban resilience-building and reducing inequal resilience distribution. However, little research focuses on urban life at the individual level, particularly in second- and third-tier cities. An online survey was therefore conducted to collect data on how COVID-19 affected the cities and urban residents in mainland China. The results indicate that COVID-19 limited citizens’ access to healthcare facilities and socioeconomic activities apart from the immediate health crisis. Most citizens suffered reduced income, unemployment, and social anxiety. However, COVID-19 also raised social awareness and actions for disaster adaptation. The Chinese pandemic management has strengthened governmental leadership and credibility among most citizens in the early stage. Importantly, the results suggested that citizens in first-tier cities appeared more resilient to pandemics than those in second-tier cities. A networked resilience framework was therefore discussed for resilience-building policy implications.

Exploring leaders' perceptions of school resilience during COVID-19: Constructing the framework for school development

The study aimed to develop a framework for evaluating school resilience, focusing on leaders' perceptions. This framework examined two critical aspects: firstly, how pre-pandemic school development activities influenced schools' response during the COVID-19 remote learning period, and secondly, how experiences gained during the pandemic could shape future practices.Two research questions guided the study: (1) What predictive factors contribute to leaders’ ability to manage daily leadership during distance learning? (2) What factors do leaders identify as enabling schools to enhance their learning capacity for the future?The survey was conducted among Estonian school leaders at the end of the first pandemic wave in June 2020. Two multiple linear regression models were employed to explore the variance in coping with leadership challenges during the remote learning period and the potential impact on future teaching practices.The results show that leaders effectively managed the challenges of the remote learning period, drawing on their pre-pandemic experience with joint discussions and distance teaching practices, established routines working with data and collaboration with parents. Moreover, the perception of the distance learning period as a learning opportunity for the future stemmed from their previous experiences in distance teaching, data-driven decision-making, and joint discussions with colleagues.The developed resilience framework serves as both a research and self-evaluation tool to assess schools' capacity to navigate uncertainty. Additionally, it can be integrated into leadership training or school development programs to bolster schools' resilience and cultivate context-sensitive leadership skills.

Effect of Tax Policy Changes on Corporate Investment Decisions in Saudi Arabia

Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the effect of tax policy changes on corporate investment decisions in Saudi Arabia. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: The study indicated that reductions in corporate tax rates generally lead to increased investment by companies. Lower taxes can free up funds that businesses then use for capital expenditures, research and development, and expansion projects. Conversely, higher tax rates may discourage investment, as they reduce after-tax profits and make certain projects less economically viable. However, the relationship between tax policy and investment decisions is complex and can vary depending on factors such as the overall economic environment, industry dynamics, and the specific details of the tax changes. Overall, though, there is evidence to suggest that tax policy plays a substantial role in shaping corporate investment behavior. Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Pecking order theory, agency theory and neoclassical investment theory may be used to anchor future studies on assessing the effect of tax policy changes on corporate investment decisions in Saudi Arabia. Policymakers and corporate leaders should collaborate to design tax policies that align with strategic investment objectives, fostering economic growth, innovation, and market competitiveness. The findings from research studies on the effect of tax policy changes on corporate investment decisions can inform evidence-based policymaking aimed at optimizing tax frameworks for economic resilience and dynamism.

Resilience and Self-Management of Hypertension in African American Adults Using a Conceptualized Resilience Framework: An Exploratory Analysis.

Hypertension rates have increased worldwide, with the most significant increase in morbidity and mortality observed among African Americans. Resilience is a potential factor influencing how individuals manage health-related challenges or self-management tasks for hypertension. Research is scarce related to resilience and self-management frameworks in African Americans with hypertension. We aimed to describe a conceptualized resilience framework and preliminary findings of the association among resilience precursors, stress response, hypertension self-management behaviors, and health outcomes in African Americans with hypertension. This cross-sectional, descriptive-correlational study included African American adults with hypertension, aged 25 years and older, recruited from an academic university and surrounding urban communities in the Midwest. Participants completed standardized, validated questionnaires to examine the association among resilience precursors, stress response, hypertension self-management behaviors, health-related quality of life (HRQOL), and blood pressure at baseline. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the sample demographic characteristics, whereas Pearson's correlational and multiple regression analyses were conducted to determine the associations among the variables. African Americans with hypertension (N = 30) were included in this preliminary study, with a mean age of 59.17 years; 66.7% were female. The mean systolic blood pressure was 136 (SD = 16.8) mmHg; the mean diastolic blood pressure was 78.1 (SD = 13) mmHg. Pearson's correlation analysis revealed significant relationships between resilience precursors, stress response, hypertension self-management behaviors and capability, and health outcome components. Multiple regression analysis showed that poor perceived resilience significantly predicted depression. Low dispositional optimism and low perceived resilience were significant predictors of stress. Higher perceived resilience significantly predicted self-efficacy. Perceived stress was negatively and significantly associated with HRQOL. Finally, higher self-efficacy significantly predicted better HRQOL. This study underscores the significant association between resilience, stress, self-management behaviors, and health outcomes in African Americans with hypertension. Further research with larger sample sizes and longitudinal designs is warranted to confirm and expand upon these findings.

Financial resilience-focused program: A single group pretest–posttest intervention to change financial risk perception among teenagers in an ethnic minority poverty-stricken area in China

PurposeThis study examined the effects of a single-group pretest–posttest intervention in changing the level of financial risk perceptions among teenagers from the perspective of the financial resilience framework. Method37 teenagers completed the six-week nonrandomised intervention with follow-up tests at Weeks 8 and 22. Based on the pretest scores of the Internet Financial Risk Perception Scale, the participants were divided into high- and low-risk perception groups. Bayesian repeated variance analysis was then used to evaluate the influence of the intervention on financial risk perception. ResultsCompared with the baseline level, the low-risk perception group showed an increase in total financial risk perception and each subdimension. Decreased changes were observed in the long term, although no sufficient evidence was found for changes in the high-risk perception group after the intervention. ConclusionsThe financial resilience-focused framework and its corresponding program neutralizes the perceived risk. Furthermore, similar interventions should consider the initial level of risk perception among participants.

The impact of Block chain-Based System on Goods Tracking and management in Industrial Environment

In the domain of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), the demand for robust and secure methods for goods tracking and management has become growingly critical. Conventional methods face significant challenges, including authentication, computational overhead, cyber security, and data integrity. To address these issues, this paper proposes a block-chain based system for goods management and tracking with enhanced authentication mechanism by leveraging the decentralized nature of block-chain technology and integrating Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) with Elliptic Curve Cryptography-Zero Knowledge Proof (ECC-ZKP). The proposed solution aims to ensure the authenticity and the integrity for all the transaction while providing high level privacy-preserving verification without revealing information. The research in this paper demonstrates that the proposed block-chain-based system significantly enhances security performance, key management and operational efficiency, addressing the existing challenges in IIoT goods tracking and management, providing a resilient framework for more secure industrial operations in managing goods.

A Social-Ecological Systems Perspective on Working toward Resilience in Nature-Based Tourism Planning

ABSTRACT Integration of resilience thinking and systems approaches with nature-based tourism (NBT) planning to address the uncertainties and the dynamic complexities of the twenty-first century. It highlights the inadequacy of conventional planning methods to address the challenges faced by NBT, emphasizing the need for adaptive management and sustainable development practices. The study proposes a comprehensive resilience framework that includes three foundational elements: governance flexibility, a culture of learning, and financial support for resilience initiatives. Additionally, it outlines six actionable strategies to enhance resilience in NBT planning, such as acknowledging inherent turbulence, embracing systems thinking, and fostering adaptive pathways. Through a synthesis of classical and contemporary literature, this manuscript contributes novel insights and practical guidance for incorporating resilience into NBT planning, offering a path forward for sustaining tourism in the face of global disruptions and local challenges.

Refuge and resilience: Being-together in a postapocalyptic era - the apocalyptic problematic in Western philosophy

This text presents a comprehensive overview of the author’s experiences and contributions to PESA, as well as the themes and concerns that have shaped their academic work. The lecture series, named in the author’s honour, aims to foster new thinking among emerging scholars. The author’s intellectual journey has been deeply influenced by the contemporary apocalyptic zeitgeist, which they frame as a series of local and global crises that underpin the spirit of the age. These crises encompass environmental degradation, geopolitical tensions, the erosion of democracy, and the potential for nuclear conflict. The author’s work in EPAT has been characterised by a commitment to innovation and inclusivity, with a focus on topics such as social justice, decolonization, and gender and subjectivity. The genre and methodology of collective writing and open peer review have been instrumental in nurturing the work of younger scholars. The author’s inaugural lecture, ‘Refuge and Resilience: Being-together in a post-apocalyptic era,’ explores the dynamics of being-together as a means of fostering deep relationships with the environment and biosphere, and as a source of resilience and cultural value. Four key themes are discussed: the apocalyptic problematic in modern Western philosophy, the philosophy of place, complexity and catastrophe, and ecopedagogies for living in the post-apocalyptic era. The author argues that apocalyptic philosophy can be used to unsettle the dominant worldview without resorting to fanaticism or fundamentalism, and that the concept of ‘Being-together’ can provide a framework for community, renewal, and resilience. The label ‘post-apocalyptic philosophy’ is proposed as a means of moving beyond the determinism of apocalyptic thinking. The author concludes by suggesting that the themes of Being-together offer a basis for the development of a new curriculum.

Cooperative R&D networks embeddedness and innovation resilience: the moderating role of environmental turbulence

PurposeThe relationship between cooperative R&D network embeddedness and firm innovation resilience is understudied. This paper seeks to answer the questions of whether and how embedding in cooperative R&D networks improve digital firms’ innovation resilience.Design/methodology/approachBased upon social capital theory, this paper proposes a conceptual model with several hypotheses. The empirical analysis is based on a sample of 2,908 observations from 2005 to 2022. We measure firm innovation resilience by drawing on economic resilience and use LSM tests to assess the effect of cooperative R&D network position on innovation resilience.FindingsThe results indicate that cooperative R&D network centrality has a positive impact on firm innovation resilience and that the structural holes of the cooperative R&D network have an inverted U-shaped relationship with firm innovation resilience. Moreover, technological turbulence negatively moderates the relationship between centrality and firm innovation resilience while also steepening the inverted U-shaped relationship between structural holes and firm innovation resilience. Market turbulence positively moderates the relationship between centrality and firm innovation resilience. However, the moderating effect of market turbulence on the inverted U-shaped relationship between structural holes and firm innovation resilience is not significant.Research limitations/implicationsInnovators' knowledge needs, bounded rationality, interests, and even organizational environments change over time, thus prompting them to constantly seek new opportunities to exchange and integrate knowledge, meet new beneficial partners, maintain beneficial cooperation, or terminate unhelpful cooperation. The utility of the network structure has dynamic characteristics. Only by considering the dynamics of the network can research on the mechanism of network structure be more complete, accurate and convincing. Therefore, future research can pay more attention to the relationship between dynamic networks and firm innovation resilience.Practical implicationsFirms should actively embed themselves in the cooperative R&D network and occupy a beneficial network position. By joining the cooperative R&D network, firms can gain resource advantages and enhance their ability to resist external shocks and improve innovation resilience.Originality/valueThis research advances our understanding of the antecedents of firm innovation resilience through the lens of organizational cooperation and uncovers the boundary conditions under which network embeddedness influences innovation resilience, thereby further enriching the theoretical framework of innovation resilience.