Resilient Behavior Research Articles

Influence of fibre loading on the density, voids, dimensional resilience, tensile characteristics and thermomechanical behaviour of bamboo fibre and bio‐epoxy composites

AbstractThis paper investigates the influence of bamboo fibre loadings (30, 40, 50 and 60 wt%) on the physical, tensile and dimensional behaviour of short‐bamboo‐fibre‐reinforced bio‐epoxy matrix composites. Water absorption, thickness swelling, density, void content, tensile and thermomechanical analysis were determined. The findings indicated that higher fibre loading led to elevated water absorption and increased thickness swelling in bamboo fibre composites. The order of thickness swelling and water absorption behaviour was bio‐epoxy < B‐30 < B‐40 < B‐50 < B‐60. Similarly, the measured density of composites increased with respect to fibre loading. However, the void content decreased when the fibre loading was >40 wt%. Concerning tensile characteristics, it was observed that all composite materials displayed lower tensile strength compared to the bio‐epoxy matrix. However, there was a notable enhancement in the elasticity of the composites. As an example, B‐60 exhibited the highest Young's modulus at 7.33 GPa. The analysis of the fracture behaviour of tension‐tested samples was conducted using images obtained from SEM. The coefficient of thermal expansion was increased drastically as fibre loading increased. This indicated that the dimensional change was higher. Thus, it is desirable to have lower fibre loading to obtain better dimensional stability under the influence of temperature. © 2023 Society of Industrial Chemistry.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INTERNET USAGE PREVALENCE, FAMILY DYNAMICS AND ADOLESCENT RESILIENCE: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

In the modern digital era, characterized by pervasive internet usage, understanding the complex relationship between online prevalence, family dynamics, and adolescent resilience is an essential area of study. Through the analysis of these variables, this review study seeks to comprehend how internet usage among adolescents affects their behaviour, mental health, family dynamics, parental involvement, and communication patterns. The research is done to shed light on the viable tactics for developing resilient behaviours in adolescents and enhancing family settings in the face of pervasive internet usage. The recent studys findings and limitations have been carefully considered and closely scrutinized. The reason for the research gap has also been closely examined. A variety of secondary sources, such as research journals, and other websites, were utilized to create the literature for this study. All of the research has been carefully reviewed and summarized. The selected articles were all up to date, from reliable publications, and relevant to the planned research. Paper type: Review paper KEYWORDS: Internet Usage, Family Dynamics, Adolescent Resilience, Technology Impact, Digital Culture, Parental Influence, Social Media Effects, Psychological Development.

Effect of carbonation of soil-slag mixtures on the resilient behaviour and structural response of an asphalt pavement

In the face of rapid population growth and industrialisation, mitigating the harmful effects of CO2 emissions becomes an important issue to be studied. The objective of this study was to perform a structural analysis evaluating the influence of carbonation of soil-electric arc furnace slag (EAFS) mixtures used in the subgrade layer of an asphalt pavement. Resilient modulus tests (RM) were performed on the soil-EAFS mixtures subjected to two curing processes. The structural analysis was performed using the AEMC software, being evaluated: (i) the deflection at the top of the asphalt layer, (ii) the horizontal tensile strain at the bottom of the same layer, and (iii) the vertical strain at the top of the subgrade layer. Carbonation increased the values of RM due to the formation of calcium carbonate, which led to a reduction in the analysed deflection and strains, resulting in a more durable asphalt pavement.

The Intersection of Gender and Occupational Roles in Agriculture: Stress, Resilience, and Alcohol Behaviors of US Farmers.

The purposes of this study were to explore behavioral and mental health outcomes among a sample of farmers living in the United States and to compare differences between male and female farmers. An online cross-sectional survey was distributed within the farming community by researchers, farming consultants, and community partners. χ 2 and analysis or variance analyses were used to explore relationships between variables of interest. Female survey respondents reported significantly higher perceived stress and significantly lower resilience than their male counterparts. A significant interaction effect was observed between gender and farm roles on alcohol consumption patterns, with female farm owners and managers reporting binge drinking behavior most frequently. This study identified distinct differences between respondents in terms of stress, resilience, and alcohol consumption patterns, based on both gender and occupational roles.

Effect of self-cementing properties on the resilient behaviour of recycled concrete aggregates used in base and subbase

The strength and stiffness of unbound pavement base and subbase layers built with recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) can increase due to the self-cementing properties of RCA. While the effect of different levels of self-cementing properties on resilient deformation behaviour has not been thoroughly studied. In this research, the self-cementing properties, microstructure and resilient deformation behaviour of two different RCA, NRCA (New RCA, crushed recently) and ORCA (Old RCA, crushed long time ago), showing significantly different levels of self-cementing properties, after curing for different times (1, 180, 360 and 720 days), were studied by calorimeter tests, mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) tests and repeated load triaxial tests (RLTT). The results indicate that long-term resilient behaviour is influenced by the level of self-cementing properties. For NRCA, showing strong self-cementing properties, the microstructure and resilient deformation behaviour were improved after curing for 720 days, which were comparable to those of lightly treated materials. On the contrary, for ORCA, showing negligible self-cementing properties, the resilient behaviour is not affected by curing.

Exploring the relationship between traffic resilience and driver behaviors through traffic climate

Traffic safety culture and climate have emerged as an integral part of road safety policy and practice in recent decades, resulting in an emphasis on a holistic approach to road safety through systems thinking. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between drivers' perceptions of traffic resilience and traffic climate and their impact on driver behaviors. A total of 216 drivers aged between 19 and 32 years completed an online questionnaire consisting of the Traffic Resilience Scale (TRS), the Traffic Climate Scale (TCS), the Driver Behavior Questionnaire (DBQ), and the Positive Driver Behaviors Scale (PDBS). Serial mediation analyses were conducted to examine the objectives of the study. The results showed that drivers who perceived the traffic system as more resilient tended to perceive the traffic system as more functional and less externally demanding. The drivers' perceptions of traffic resilience were found to be directly related to the traffic climate and indirectly related to the driver behaviors through external affective demands and internal requirements. Increased traffic resilience was associated with increased aberrant behaviors and decreased positive behaviors through reduced external affective demands and internal requirements. These findings can be considered to make a unique contribution to the literature in understanding the motivations behind aberrant behaviors of drivers and highlight the need for road safety policies to take into account road users' perceptions of traffic resilience and traffic climate in order to better understand, predict, and modify road user behaviors for a safer traffic system.

Strategic behaviour and resilience of an industrial enterprise to the external environment

The growing turbulence of the environment requires an industrial enterprise to find new approaches to choosing its development strategy. The study proposes a method for assessing the level of resilience of machine-building companies depending on the type of their strategic behaviour. Methodologically, the research rests on the theory of the firm and strategic management theory. Structural and logical analysis, expert assessments, matrixing, statistical and financial analysis were used as research methods. The empirical evidence is the data from the Russian Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat) and the SBIS counterparty verification system. We clarify the concepts of resilience and strategic behaviour of a machine-building enterprise and propose our own definition of resilience. We distinguish between four types of strategic behaviour of enterprises when contacting the external environment, namely the maximum control possible, constructive interaction, adaptation with elements of control, and forced adaptation. A relationship was discovered between the level of resilience and the type of strategic behaviour of an industrial enterprise. The findings were tested using the case of four machine-building plants specializing in the production of lifting equipment. We found significant differentiation in the level of resilience of the enterprises under study and established which of the four types of strategic behaviour was typical of each. This will allow them to exercise a more reasonable approach when instituting their development strategy amid turbulence.

Photocrosslinkable silk-based bioinks embedded with growth factor loaded microspheres towards cell-free 3D printing approach for biomimetic regeneration of meniscal tissue

Fibrocartilaginous meniscal tear regeneration is a major challenge due to the large avascular regions which suffer several injuries among all age-groups. Mostly, meniscus implants are focused on the development of multi-layered meniscus constructs and scaffolds that mimic the macro-architecture, functionality and mechanical strength. The native human menisci consist of vascular and avascular regions that contain different cellular phenotypes and are hence composed of a gradient of extracellular matrix (ECM) components. The biochemical composition of the inner, middle and outer regions of the knee menisci plays a significant role in the mechanical behavior and its overall functionality. We have developed a photo-polymerizing mulberry and non-mulberry silk-based biomaterial ink which is laden with growth factor loaded gelMA microspheres for the zone-specific regeneration of full thickness meniscus tears using three-dimensional (3D) fabrication. We have fabricated growth factor loaded gelMA microspheres and encapsulated them within the biomaterial ink for controlled release of Connective Tissue Growth Factor (CTGF) and Transforming Growth Factor-beta3 (TGF-β3) from the different zones of the meniscus constructs. The growth factor releasing constructs demonstrate the requisite mechanical resilience, degradability and release behaviour for regeneration of meniscal tissue. The developed growth factor loaded constructs demonstrate zone specific phenotypic differentiation of adipose derived stem cells and extracellular matrix deposition by the differentiated stem cells in vitro. The microsphere loaded constructs were found to be immuno-compatible as well. Therefore, these bioactive microsphere-laden 3D printed meniscus constructs would potentially promote regeneration and integration of meniscal tissue in vivo.

ROMANIA’S SPACE ASPIRATIONS AND THE EU SPACE STRATEGY FOR SECURITY AND DEFENCE

The article explores the interplay between European Union’s Space Strategy for Security and Defence and Romania’s space aspirations, analysing its key facets and their potential effects. As space gains significance for security and defence of the EU as a whole, understanding its opportunities and challenges is crucial. Investigating elements such as shared threat awareness, space system resilience, response strategies, and responsible behaviour in outer space, the article provides insights for stakeholders to harness EU space capabilities. The article concludes by assessing implications for the domestic realm. EU Space Strategy for Security and Defence addresses space intricacies with political, operational and other fields of action. By focusing on vital components such as threat understanding, system protection, responsive measures, and cooperative behaviour, the article sheds light on EU Space Strategy’s strategic importance in the defence and security realms.

Hydrological records can be used to reconstruct the resilience of watersheds to climatic extremes

Hydrologic resilience modeling is used in public watershed management to assess watershed ability to supply life-supporting ecoservices under extreme climatic and environmental conditions. Literature surveys criticize resilience models for failing to capture watershed dynamics and undergo adequate testing. Both shortcomings compromise their ability to provide management options reliably protecting water security under real-world conditions. We formulate an empirical protocol to establish real-world correspondence. The protocol applies empirical nonlinear dynamics to reconstruct hydrologic dynamics from watershed records, and analyze the response of reconstructed dynamics to extreme regional climatic conditions. We devise an AI-based early-warning system to forecast (out-of-sample) reconstructed hydrologic resilience dynamics. Application to the La Tejería (Spain) experimental watershed finds it to be a low dimensional nonlinear deterministic dynamic system responding to internal stressors by irregularly oscillating along a watershed attractor. Reconstructed and forecasted hydrologic resilience behavior faithfully captures monthly wet-cold/dry-warm weather patterns characterizing the Mediterranean region.

Content Analysis of Flood Relief Efforts: Examining Coping and Recovery Themes in Resilience Narrative Analysis

Climate change and pollution have increased frequency of floods. According to statistics, floods are becoming more frequent and causing significant damage, especially to the victims. Subsequently, victims must develop greater resilience. The aim of this study is to determine the focus on flood victims dealing with flood disasters. As part of the inclusion criteria, six relevant government documents were reviewed, all related to flood resilience. Thematic analysis was conducted using ATLAS.ti software identifies five main themes such as resilience behavior, community sustainability, disaster management, strategic planning, and global security. Therefore, the government should develop innovative strategies, utilize the latest technologies, and promote international collaboration to improve flood resilience. Encouraging community sustainability can help flood victims develop resilience behaviors, which is important for creating a society that can withstand natural disasters.

Relationship between Resilience and Organizational Citizenship Behavior among Staff Nurses

Relationship between Resilience and Organizational Citizenship Behavior among Staff Nurses

Predicting the level of resilience of adults aged 25-65 relation to the elderly according to their interpersonal problem-solving methods.

Elderly home caregivers are among the first and most important people involved in elderly care. Since the process of caring for the elderly affects the mental, physical, and life conditions of the caregivers, it is of utmost importance to study interpersonal problem-solving methods and the role they play in the resilience of caregivers. In this regard, the study was conducted to predict the resilience of adults aged 25-65 years compared to the elderly according to their interpersonal problem-solving methods. This is a descriptive correlational study. Two-hundred and sixty-two adults aged 25-65 living in Iran in different genders, marital status, majors, and occupations participated in this study. The data obtained from responding to questionnaires of resilience and interpersonal problem solving of respondents were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and linear regression correlation coefficient. The findings showed that there is a significant relationship between resilience and some problem-solving methods (frankness and transparency, realism, exposure, sympathy, pursuit and challenge, and incentive agreement) of elderly home caregivers. According to the result of linear regression, among the respondents' interpersonal problem-solving methods, realism was the only predictive variable for resilience (P = 0.006). That is, being more realistic is related to more resilience in caring for the elderly. Some interpersonal problem-solving methods of adults are related to their resilience in caring for the elderly. Paying attention to these resilient practices and behaviors can be effective in improving the quality of care for the elderly and reducing their difficulties. The results of this study can be used in long-term and practical planning for elderly home caregivers.

Resilient moduli characterization of cement-treated silt

The performance of a flexible pavement depends on the resilient modulus (MR) of subgrade soil. Thus, MR is a key design parameter for mechanistic-empirical pavement design of flexible pavements. Generally, the resilient modulus is determined by conducting repeated load triaxial (RLT) tests in the laboratory and has been used to characterize the subgrade soil behavior under repeated traffic loading conditions. The use of cement to stabilize natural subgrade soils is widely accepted by transportation agencies. Several research studies were conducted on the resilient behavior of cementtreated soils. However, limited research studies have been conducted on the resilient behavior of cement-treated silty soil. Therefore, the current research study assessed the resilient moduli properties of cement-treated silt. Cement-stabilized soil specimens were statically compacted and cured in a humid room for a stipulated curing period before conducting RLT tests. RLT tests were conducted on cement-treated specimens at different cement dosages and curing periods to study the effect of the cement dosage and curing time on the resilient modulus. Test results indicated that a significant improvement in performance was observed after cement treatment. The untreated soil specimens exhibited stresssoftening behavior with an increase in deviator stress, whereas the cement-treated specimens exhibited stress-hardening behavior. The resilient modulus was increased with an increase in cement dosage. Regression analyses were conducted on RLT test results using three-parameter universal model and model parameters were determined. It was observed that the three-parameter universal model exhibited an excellent fit with experimental data.

Relationship between emotional intelligence and resilience among surgical residents.

Surgical residents face many challenges and stressors during their training. Some residents can cope better with such difficult situations, whereas others experience burnout and anxiety. Emotional intelligence (EI) and resilience are personality traits that may be associated with a better response to adverse situations. A cross-sectional analytical study using validated questionnaires the Schutte Self-report EI Test (SSEIT) and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-25) was conducted to assess EI and resilience among the participants. Data were collected through the hard copies of the questionnaires, compiled using Microsoft Excel and analyzed using SPSS version 26. P < 0.5 was considered significant. The scores of EI and resilience were compared to evaluate the relationship between them. A correlation analysis was performed between EI and resilience by comparing the scores obtained from SSEIT and CD-RISC. Our analysis revealed a strong positive correlation between EI and resilience (r = 0.59, P < 0.0001). Based on our results, we can say that EI and resilience are positively correlated. This means that an emotionally intelligent person should exhibit a resilient behavior.

Type of sport-and gender-related personality features in the case of injured martial arts athletes

The aim of the research was to highlight the differences in personality features between martial artists who suffered moderate and/or severe injuries and athletes who suffered only minor sports injuries. A sample of 111 senior martial arts athletes (89 males and 22 females) took part in the study, from striking combat sports (boxing, kick-boxing, taekwondo and karate), grappling combat sports (jiu-jitsu and judo), and Mixed Martial Arts. The Romanian adaptation of the Makarowski’s Questionnaire for risk-taking behavior, the Romanian adaptation of the Brief Resilience Scale, and the Romanian adaptation of the Makarowski's Sports Aggression Questionnaire have been used. Using ANOVA statistical procedures the existing differences between groups (formed with respect to gender and type of sport practiced), in terms of aggression, resilience and risk-taking behavior were examined. Athletes who reported moderate and/or severe injuries (and are more resilient) tend to attack more, are looking for stimulating situations and assume less calculated risks, being, also, more willing to win regardless of the costs and even breaking the rules of the game.

Resilience, aggression and risk-taking behavior among Romanian racing drivers – a preliminary study

In the literature one can find a few studies on race car drivers. The aim of the research was to highlight the resilience level, the aggression level and risk taking behavior among Romanian race car drivers. 30 athletes participated in the study, rally drivers, athletes practicing competitive hill climb racing, drifting and circuit racing. The Brief Resilience Scale, The Romanian adaptation of the Makarowski's Stimulating and Instrumental Risk Questionnaire and The Romanian adaptation of the Makarowski's Aggression Questionnaire were used. After applying the Kruskal-Wallis H test, no significant differences were emphasized between sports disciplines (circuit, drift, rally and hill climbing), in terms of the psychological variables examined. However, when athletes were investigated according to age and taking into account the reported ability to concentrate and relax before competitions, significant differences were observed. Race car drivers (in the entire sample) over 18 years old registered a higher score for Foul play and Assertiveness, while athletes who reported a moderate level of concentration during competitions and, also, who declared that are less relaxed before contests, obtained higher values for Foul play. The findings provide valuable data regarding the resilience level, aggression and risk-taking behavior of race car drivers, according to age, sports discipline, perceived level of relaxation and concentration, which can guide specialists in the training process.

Resilience, organizational support, and innovative behavior on nurses' work engagement: a moderated mediation analysis.

To investigate the status of nurses' work engagement and the relationship among resilience, organizational support, and innovative behaviors. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated 496 nurses in Hunan, China, from July 2022 to December 2022. A descriptive statistical approach, Pearson's correlation analysis and Hayes' PROCESS Macro Models 4 and 14 were used to analyze the available data. The level of work engagement among nurses was found to be moderate. Resilience positively predicted work engagement among nurses. Organizational support played a partially mediating role in the association between resilience and work engagement. Furthermore, innovative behavior played a moderating role in the association between adaptive resilience and work engagement. Based on the results, greater attention needs to be paid to nurses' work engagement. A high level of resilience, organizational support, and innovative behavior may increase work engagement among nurses. Nursing leaders can take measures to increase work engagement among nurses by improving nurses' resilience and organizational support, and cultivating innovative behavior.

Using a Randomized Clinical Trial to Test the Efficacy of a Culturally Responsive Mobile Health Application in African Americans

Mindfulness is a promising health promotion strategy for African Americans, and it is imperative that culturally responsive mindfulness approaches be accessible to this population. One way to address this need is to develop and test if culturally responsive mobile health (mhealth) applications are efficacious in reducing stress-related outcomes in this population. With this goal in mind, we employed a repeated-measures randomized control trial (RCT) across a 12-week intervention period to evaluate if participants in the intervention group outperformed a wait-list control group in reductions in stress, depressive symptoms, anxiety, emotional regulation difficulties as well as in increases in self-compassion, resilience, and mindfulness attitudes and behaviors. Our sample included 170 Black/African American participants who were randomly assigned to either the intervention condition (n = 84) or the wait-list control group (n = 86). Participants in the intervention condition reported more self-compassion, used more mindfulness, and had greater self-efficacy using mindfulness; yet, no other differences were evident. Participants expressed high levels of satisfaction with the app and gave it a positive rating for its relevance to their lives. These findings support the efficacy of a culturally responsive mindfulness mHealth app to enhance self-compassion and increase the use of health-promoting behaviors, like mindfulness, among African Americans. Implications for future research are discussed.

Resilient behavior of bio-cemented sandy soil treated with enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation for pavement applications

Subgrade stability is a key factor that influences the long-term performance of the pavement structure under repeated traffic loading. Enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) has been recently explored as a bio-inspired solution to improve the mechanical properties of sandy soils. This study evaluates the potential of EICP to cement silica sand as a treated subgrade in pavement applications. The study investigated the mechanical performance of EICP-treated sand compacted at varying initial degrees of saturation and treatment cycles through repeated loading triaxial (RLT) and unconfined compressive strength (UCS). The results show that specimens having a lower initial EICP degree of saturation facilitated efficient carbonate precipitation bridging between sand grains, resulting in higher resilient modulus and UCS. Furthermore, surface percolation of EICP cementing solution resulted in a further increase in carbonate content and treated soil UCS and resilient modulus (Mr). A maximum UCS and Mr values of about 700 kPa and 165 MPa, respectively, were achieved, which implies the possibility of using EICP-treated sand as a treated subgrade layer or subbase to reduce the base layer thickness or improve the pavement structure performance. The Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images further explained the influence of the carbonate crystal shape and morphology on the treated soil strength and modulus. Finally, simulations executed using AASHTOWare Pavement ME Design software show the potential of utilizing EICP for improving subgrade for pavement structures, with a significant reduction in base layer thickness while maintaining the same rutting and fatigue performance. Hence, demonstrating the potential of EICP in enhancing subgrade properties for pavement structures.