Residual Pump Research Articles

CCl_2F_2 optical filter for a TEA CO_2-laser-pumped NH_3 laser

CCl(2)F(2) (Freon 12) gas was successfully used as an optical filter for a TEA CO(2)-laser-pumped NH(3) laser in the wavelength region from 11.7 to 13microm. When pumped by a 9R(30) line, the NH(3) lasing lines were distributed from 11.7 microm of a P(4,K) line to 13 microm of a P(8,K) line, and the residual pump energy of 1 J was decreased to less than a few millijoules without decreasing the NH(3) laser power by passing through a 5-cm-long CCl(2)F(2) cell filled at 70 Torr.

Theory of cw Raman oscillation in optical fibers

A theory for Raman fiber laser oscillators is presented. The Stokes output and the residual pump power are shown to be calculable from a knowledge of the input pump power and the fiber characteristics. The evolution of the pump and the Stokes waves along the fiber are also obtained. The threshold pump power and the oscillation condition are considered. Pump depletion is incorporated in the analysis and is shown to be the dominant saturation effect present in a Raman fiber laser.

Correction to "Asymptotic residual pump transmission characteristics in laser-induced stimulated Brillouin scattering"

Correction to "Asymptotic residual pump transmission characteristics in laser-induced stimulated Brillouin scattering"

Asymptotic residual pump transmission characteristics in laser-induced stimulated Brillouin scattering

The fraction of residual transmitted pump power following backscattering of the backward-traveling-wave (BTW)-type parametric interactions such as stimulated Brillouin scattering has a characteristic asymptotic exponential decay with pump excitation. This scattering mechanism may very well constitute an inherent limiting factor in pump penetration into an interaction medium.

Resolution of pump and leak components of sodium and potassium ion transport in human erythrocytes.

Further support for the pump-leak concept was obtained. Net transport was resolved into pump and leak components with the cardiac glycoside, ouabain. The specificity of ouabain as a pump inhibitor was demonstrated by its ineffectiveness when the pump was already inhibited by lack of one of the three pump substrates, sodium ion, potassium ion, or adenosine triphosphate. In the presence of ouabain the rates of passive transport of sodium and potassium ions changed almost in proportion to changes in their extracellular concentrations when one ion was exchanged for the other. In the presence of ouabain and at the extracellular concentrations which produced zero net transport, the ratio of potassium ions to sodium ions was 1.2-fold higher inside the cells than outside. This finding was attributed to a residual pump activity of less than 2% of capacity. The permeability to potassium ions was 10% greater than the permeability to sodium ions. A test was made of the independence of pump and leak. Conditions were chosen to change the rate through each pathway separately or in combination. When both pathways were active, net transport was the sum of the rates observed when each acted separately. A ratio of three sodium ions pumped outward per two potassium ions pumped inward was confirmed.