Residential Work Research Articles

Care workers with migration backgrounds in formal care services in Germany: a multi-level intersectional analysis

The restructuring of formal care services in Germany was followed by an increase in care workers with migration backgrounds. Based on a survey study in home-based and residential care, this article compares the situation of care workers with and without migration backgrounds. With its own conceptual framework of multi-level intersectional analysis, it examines developments in care organisations embedded in long-term care, professionalisation and migration policies. Most care workers with migration backgrounds had permanent employment and residence permits. Those with skills, in contrast to the unskilled, enjoyed favourable employment conditions, but both these groups faced difficulties in daily residential care work.

We’re told, ‘Suck it up’: Long-Term Care Workers’ Psychological Health and Safety

This pilot study analyzes interview research with long-term residential care nursing staff in four Canadian provinces, revealing relationships between workers’ psychological health and well-being and working conditions that include work overload, low worker control, disrespect and discrimination. Further, individual workers are often required to cope with these working conditions on their own. The findings suggest that these psychological health and safety hazards can be addressed by both individual workplaces and government regulation, but are currently ignored or mis-recognized by many employers and even by workers themselves. These findings indicate opportunities for improving psychological health and safety in long-term residential care work.

Winnicott and Residential Work

Winnicott and Residential Work

Winnicott and Residential Work

Winnicott and Residential Work

Modeling of urban change using remote sensing data and cellular automata technique

The understanding of urban development trends is crucial to the Egyptian government, developers, planners, resource managers, and environmental protection agencies, who are saddled with the responsibilities of conserving valuable resources and maintaining environmental integrity. The Greater Cairo Metropolitan Area is one of the most intensively populated areas in the world and experiences rapid urban expansion due to population growth in residential complexes and work facilities. Urban expansion is being witnessed in both formal and informal settlements. Informal urban expansion leads to poor planning and development. Remote sensing and modeling techniques are effective tools for monitoring and planning such phenomena. This paper utilizes the use of Landsat data and cellular automata techniques to quantify and map urban growth in the Greater Cairo Metropolitan Area. Additionally, these tools are used to estimate urbanization trends with a view of future growth pattern forecast for 2050. The region has experienced extensive conversion to urban land cover over the last 20 years, accounting for approximately 10 % of the former agriculture area (21,113 ha). Over this period, urban areas expanded by 65,460 ha, equivalent to 3273 ha per annum. It is predicted that the study area will continue to experience a rapid increase in the urbanization rate. The Greater Cairo Metropolitan Area is projected to lose approximately 44,544 ha of fertile agriculture land by 2050 should no action be taken.

Interprofessional Collaboration in Finnish Residential Child Care: Challenges in Incorporating and Sharing Expertise Between the Child Protection and Health Care Systems

ABSTRACTMany children taken into care tend to be in need of psychiatric treatment as well as child protection services, and thus the professional expertise of both systems must be coordinated in their care. However, it is widely known across Europe that collaboration between child protection services and mental health services is not working well and the outcomes for looked-after children are poor. In spite of drastic need for knowledge, interprofessional collaboration between residential workers and mental health practitioners is poorly explored in international research. Most importantly, very little is known about shared expertise in multi-agency teams between these systems. Based on the analysis of interprofessional focus group interviews (eight interviews with 17 practitioners) in Finland, it is claimed that both sides have unrealistic expectations and perceptions of the other professional grouping and its facilities to help high-need children. The study also indicates that the collaboration assumes an equality of status and responsibilities between the professionals that does not always exist amongst residential child care practitioners and mental health professionals. The analysis suggests that the concept of residential child care work itself needs more empirical research to strengthen the interprofessional competencies and enhance child-centred integrated care.

Bringing a myriad of gifts: June Kendrick

This article portrays the life and work of June Kendrick, a life member of the ANZASW, who has, and continues to have, a passion for social justice, social work education and social work with older people. The authors have both interviewed June at different times to collect her life story. We are writing this after spending a couple of sessions together with June, helping her to go through and sort out her extensive archives. This exercise provided us with a material display of the range of her involvement in social policy, practice and education and professionalism in social work. We have followed a chronological approach to writing this account, followed by reflective commentary on some of the key themes representing June’s achievements and contributions to social work. Her salient interests have been in social policy, residential work, social justice, the ANZASW, social work education and social work with the older person. June continues to live in her home in Auckland and remains active socially. She is also a keen follower of current social and political events and keeps in regular contact with several social workers with whom she has worked over the years.

A joint analysis of residential location, work location and commuting mode choices in Hanoi, Vietnam

The influence of land use policy on people's residential and travel choices may be overestimated because of self-selection effects. In the context of commuting, neighborhood and travel preferences may induce self-selection effects in choices about residential location, work location, and commuting mode. Presumably, such self-selection effects may vary across different job markets. To date, however, no study has been done in developing countries. Therefore, this study aims to fill this research gap by using data collected in Hanoi, Vietnam. A joint model with the above three choices is built by incorporating self-selection effects, where effects of land use attributes are emphasized. Choices of labor-intensive workers (11,344) and knowledge-intensive workers (12,360) are compared. The statistical significance of multiple self-selection effects is confirmed, which suggests that the joint estimation of the above three choices is a useful approach. As for the magnitude of influence of self-selection effects, self-selection seems to be more influential in knowledge-intensive workers' residential location and work location choices. As for land use attributes, different types of households, and labor-intensive and knowledge-intensive workers show different responses to different types of land in location choices (especially the work location choice). Effects of land use diversity and population density on the commuting mode choice are mixed. Additionally, the centralization of knowledge-intensive employment and decentralization of labor-intensive employment are captured. These findings may be useful for city planners in Hanoi in designing land use patterns in the future in order to keep knowledge-intensive workers working and living close together.

Reflecting on the Past: Children’s Services Workers’ Experiences of Residential Care in Scotland from 1960 to 1975

While contemporary responses to the issue of historic child abuse in the Scottish context have tended to focus upon the experiences of former residents of institutional care, it is clear that much can also be learned from the narratives of former child-care workers. This article draws upon the findings of a recent project, the overall aim of which was to explore children's services' workers experiences of residential care in Scotland from 1960-75. Using an oral history methodology, in-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with twenty-three individuals who had experience of working in, or in connection with, residential child care services, followed by thematic analysis of the data. Results highlighted a range of both positive and negative experiences, and many of the issues still have a contemporary resonance. While we should guard against complaisance and be continually vigilant to safeguard and protect children, we should not allow a focus on risk-averse practice to obscure the merits of the more positive and nurturing elements of earlier residential childcare work.

Long-term investigation of moisture environment in underground civil air defence work

Moisture becomes problematic in underground civil air defence work because of heavy rusting of protection equipment, mould and construction deterioration. This study conducted long-term measurement of the heat and humidity environment in a residential and a non-residential underground civil air defence work in Beijing. The thermal environment was very stable at a good level except in some summer days in the non-residential civil air defence work because of moisture insulation in summer and straw board interior wall furnishing, whereas it was very severe and varied with changing outdoor conditions in the residential civil air defence work. The humidity environment in the residential civil air defence work was wet or very wet (RH > 80%) for over 20% of the year, which may cause mould growth and surface condensation, because of low indoor temperature in winter and occupant activities and natural ventilation in summer. The findings of this study may prove important in elucidating the formation mechanism of thermal environment in civil air defence work and to develop appropriate desiccant solutions.

Nurses, Knowledge Concerning an Implantation Pacemaker For Adult Patients with Cardiac Rhythm Disorder at Al-Nassirrhyia Heart Center

Objective: is to determine the knowledge of nurses concerning implantation pacemaker for adults patients with cardiac rhythm disorders, to find out the relationship between nurses knowledge concerning implantation pacemaker for adult's patients with cardiac rhythm disorders and demographic characteristics. Methodology: The study was performed November 2014 to June 2015. A convenience (non-probability) sample of the study consists of (100) nurses choose purposively who are working in Al-Nassirrhyia Heart Center (The data were collected the use of a questionnaire which were consisted of two parts (demographic data, nurses knowledge about pacemaker). Content validity of the questionnaire was determine through a panel of (13) experts. Reliability and validity of questionnaire was determined through test re-test (r= 0.82) of pilot study. The data collection process was performed of 15th of March until the 5th of May 2015.the data was analyzed through the application of descriptive statistical analysis that include (frequency, Percentages [%] and cumulative percent, Mean of scores ), and the application of inferential statistical analysis that included the person correlation coefficient. Results: The result of study shows that the majority (49%) of the age group was (23-27) years old and most of the study sample (60%) was male. Most of them (52%) were single and (40%) was secondary school nursing and between parley sufficient and insufficient in monthly income their livings (93%) were urban, more of the study sample was working in coronary care unit (21%) and (11%) of them were have training course all of them inside of Iraq and most of the study sample have once course training and (80%) of them were employ in (1-5) years with (1-3) years of experience in cardiac unit (68%), mean of score are moderate on item (1) and high on the remaining items. Conclusion: Nurse's knowledge was sufficient and good, There is a relationship between nurses knowledge and gender, residential area and work site. Recommendation: There is a need for an orientation program for all new nurses. There is need for implement an active updated educational activities. Skills training to all the nurses concerning of pacemaker. Farther study is necessary in nurse's practices concerning implantation pacemaker in order to demonstrate more clearly.

Prescriptive or Interpretive Regulation at the Frontlines of Care Work in the “Three Worlds” of Canada, Germany and Norway

This paper examines the tension between macro level regulation and the rule breaking and rule following that happens at the workplace level. Using a comparative study of Canada, Norway, and Germany, the paper documents how long-term residential care work is regulated and organized differently depending on country, regional, and organizational contexts. We ask where each jurisdiction's staffing regulations fall on a prescription-interpretation continuum; we define prescription as a regulatory tendency to identify what to do and when and how to do it, and interpretation as a tendency to delineate what to do but not when and how to do it. In examining frontline care workers' strategies for accomplishing everyday social, health, and dining care tasks we explore how a policy-level prescriptive or interpretive regulatory approach affects the potential for promising practices to emerge on the frontlines of care work. Overall, we note the following associations: prescriptive regulatory environments tend to be accompanied by a lower ratio of professional to non-professional staff, a higher concentration of for-profit providers, a lower ratio of staff to residents and a sharper division of labour. Interpretive regulatory environments tend to have higher numbers of professionals relative to non-professionals, more limited for-profit provision, a higher ratio of staff to residents, and a more relational division of labour that enables the work to be more fluid and responsive. The implication of a prescriptive environment, such as is found in Ontario, Canada, is that frontline care workers possess less autonomy to be creative in meeting residents' needs, a tendency towards more task-oriented care and less job autonomy. The paper reveals that what matters is the type of regulation as well as the regulatory tendency towards controlling frontline care workers decision-making and decision-latitude.

Aroha: ‘Loving’ within a statutory and bi-cultural residential environment

‘Aroha’, as the closest Maori language equivalent of the English word ‘love’, is a concept now ingrained in practice ideals for youth residential work in Aotearoa/New Zealand, as part of a wider social services framework. This has been a purposeful shift over the last quarter century to align with the principle of bi-cultural partnership in social policy, the intentions of which can be traced to early colonial times. ‘Aroha’ will be explored as an appropriate, cross-cultural residential practice path in the relationship between young people and residential staff. Observations of how this ‘love’ has been put into practice while maintaining professional standards will be highlighted, alongside discussion of how this might interweave with similar strands of thought from the discipline of social pedagogy.

In care, aftercare and caring for those in care: my successful care journey

ABSTRACTCoyle and Pinkerton identify gaps in the care leaving system in Northern Ireland regarding social work training and meeting the challenges of transitioning from care. The primary focus of this article is to provide a perspective of care and leaving care which could contribute to social work education and practice in these areas. Framed within a strengths perspective, the article draws on my own care journey from service user to social work student to newly qualified social worker. As a final-year social work student on Placement Learning Opportunity in a children's home which mainly provided long-term care, I reflected on my own care journey and what I thought made it successful. I concluded that a number of resilience-enhancing factors existed both at the personal and environmental levels including my own level of motivation, meaningful roles, positive school experiences and surrogate relationships. I also considered the relevance of my care journey to my qualifying social work training, including the importance of relationships in residential social work, learning responsibility and understanding the reality of independent living. Implications for social work education and practice include use of personal knowledge and engaging with duality, which means recognition of an individual actively combining and integrating lived service user or carer experience and professional training in their social work qualifying training and professional practice. However, this article emphasises that elements of my care journey should not be used as a checklist for current and former “looked after” children as each child's and young person's care journey is lived and experienced in different ways.

Intelligent DC Homes in Future Sustainable Energy Systems: When efficiency and intelligence work together

The evidence that climate change is real and most likely caused by human-related activities has made the international community consider a new energy model. Europe has led the initiative, moving away from fossil fuels toward renewable energies, while powerful countries such as the United States and China are lagging behind and still rely heavily on coal, gas, and oil as energy sources. Europe has set ambitious goals for 2020 regarding the increase of renewable energy production, energy efficiency, and greenhouse gas emission reduction. The concept of a microgrid is perfectly aligned with the new energy strategy. A microgrid eases the integration of renewable energy sources (RESs) and energy-storage systems (ESSs) at the consumption level, aiming to increase power quality, reliability, and efficiency. The increasing importance of dc-based loads has reopened the discussion of dc versus ac distribution systems. As a consequence, much research has been done on dc distribution systems and their potential for residential applications. Furthermore, the growing presence and use of smart devices in homes reveal a promising future for intelligent homes integrated in the Internet of Things (IoT), where residential electrical power systems work in cooperation with smart devices to achieve smarter, more sustainable, and cleaner energy systems.

Perceptions and employment intentions among aged care nurses and nursing assistants from diverse cultural backgrounds: A qualitative interview study

The residential aged care industry faces shortages and high turnover rates of direct care workers. This situation is further complicated by the increasing cultural diversity of residents and staff. To retain direct care workers, it is crucial to explore their perceptions of the rewards and difficulties of care work, and their employment intentions in multicultural environments. A qualitative descriptive study was used to understand perceptions of the rewards and difficulties of residential aged care work for core direct care workers (i.e. nurses and nursing assistants), how these were related to their intentions to stay or leave, and how these varied between nurses and nursing assistants, and between locally and overseas born workers. Individual interviews were conducted between June and September 2013 with 16 direct care workers in an Australian residential aged care facility with a specific focus on people from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds. It was found that direct care workers’ employment intentions were related to their perceptions and management of the rewards and difficulties of care work. Their experiences of care work, the employment characteristics, and the organizational resources that fitted their personality, ability, expectations, and essential needs were viewed as rewards. Evaluating their jobs as meaningful was a shared perception for direct care workers who intended to stay. Individual workers' perceptions of the rewarding aspects of care work served to counterbalance the challenges of care work, and promoted their intentions to stay. Perceptions and employment intentions varied by occupational groups and by cultural backgrounds. Overseas born direct care workers are valuable resources in residential aged care facility rather than a limitation, but they do require organizational support, such as cultural awareness of the management, English language support, a sense of family, and appropriate job responsibility. The findings indicated that aged care policy makers and service providers should understand the range of individual direct care workers’ positive and negative perceptions, and their employment intentions within the context of their roles and their cultural backgrounds.

Does punishment in secure residential youth care work? An overview of the evidence

Purpose– Violence is a common problem in secure residential units for young people. Group workers often think that young people have to learn to behave by means of punishment. The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether this approach is effective in these settings, and, if so, under what circumstances. Furthermore, it aims to provide alternatives to punishment when dealing with violence.Design/methodology/approach– Recent evidence on the effectiveness of punishment in secure residential units is reviewed. In addition, methods which are promising in dealing with violence are described.Findings– The review shows that punishment is often used to regain control by group workers or, alternatively, is a result of professional helplessness in the face of escalating problems. Only when the living group climate is marked by trust and cooperation can punishment be effective.Originality/value– Punishment in secure residential settings can have severe negative consequences. Nevertheless, group workers are tempted to use it as a response to violence in an attempt to gain control.

Tres Torres y un mar: La última obra de Fernando Cassinello

The work of spanish architect, Fernando Cassinello Perez has been rarely published, although he built a lot and well. His life is based on three areas: architectural production, academic and research activities. In this research his latest work will be discussed: Three Tower triplets Star-Building (1975) was built on the seafront in Zapillo, Almeria; and that is a smart residential work of formal investigation and structural sincerity. Star-Building is an example of how, since the resignation and moderate density, it is possible to construct interesting proposals for housing -oriented towards tourism- on the beachfront. Of course, it deserves to be well known by who nowadays decides to design and build collective architecture. The three project versions will be discussed and described, also explaining how the structure and the traces of the process of building are the genesis and story of this work.

The Application of Energy-Saving Wall Insulation

This paper expounds the importance of wall insulation energy-saving wall insulation materials, introduces the characteristics and process practice requirements. Bring forth the new through the old to accelerate energy-saving technical insulation wall material, plays a positive role in promoting to create a more comfortable living environment, provide the beneficial reference for the wall heat preservation and energy saving. Building energy saving is the main content of environmental protection and energy conservation, is an important part of sustainable development. Residential building energy-saving work unceasingly thorough, continuously improve the energy efficiency standards, the development of many new energy-saving technology, vigorously promote the use of residential buildings. But the current level of building energy saving, but also far lower than developed countries. So the building energy conservation is an important task of building industry. In the construction of the external retaining structure, the heat loss, the supporting structure of the external wall and a big share. Development and reform of building wall and wall energy saving technology is the main content of building energy-saving technology, the development of external insulation materials and energy-saving technology is the main way to achieve energy-saving building. Thermal insulation external wall energy saving is mainly divided into exterior insulation and exterior wall insulation two categories.

The conditional returns to origin-country human capital among Turkish and Moroccan immigrants in Belgium

This study extends the analysis of the economic returns to pre-migration human capital by examining the role of the receiving context, co-ethnic residential concentration, and post-migration investments in human capital. It uses large-scale survey data on Turkish and Moroccan immigrants in Belgium. The analysis demonstrates that regarding employment, Moroccan immigrants, that is, those originating from former French colonies receive larger returns to their origin-country education and work experience in French- vs. Dutch-speaking regions. Other than the positive interaction effect between co-ethnic residential concentration and work experience on employment, there is little evidence that co-ethnic concentration increases the returns to origin-country human capital. Speaking the host-country language facilitates economic returns to origin-country work experience. Conversely, immigrants who acquire host-country credentials and work experience receive lower returns to origin-country education and experience, suggesting that, at least among low-skilled immigrants, pre- and post-migration human capital substitute rather than complement each other.