Residential Land Use Research Articles

Analysis of Flood Hazard Level in Widas Sub Watershed of Nganjuk Regency Using Geographic Information System

Widas Subwatershed in Nganjuk Regency is a tributary of the Brantas Subwatershed that often experiences flooding during the rainy season. The data on flooding is still in the form of numbers and tables so it needs to be mapped. The presentation of data in the form of a map is needed so that readers can analyse its distribution and help in mitigation planning against flood disasters. The purpose of this research is to analyse the level of flood hazard in the Widas Subwatershed of Nganjuk Regency and present it in the form of a map. The method used was scoring of 6 flood parameters, namely slope, land elevation, soil type, rainfall, land use, and river density, then weighting with the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. The result of this research is that Widas Sub Watershed of Nganjuk Regency is dominated by flood hazard area of 33,375.95 Ha while the flood hazard area is 3,415.55 Ha. Flood hazard areas are found in 28 villages in Gondang, Loceret, Nganjuk, Pare, Sukomoro, and Tanjunganom sub-districts. The flood-prone areas are caused by 4 main factors: low land elevation, Alluvial soil type, residential land use, and the density of the river is very sparse.

ASSESSING THE AUCTION WORK OF RESIDENTIAL LAND USE RIGHTS IN BAO YEN DISTRICT, LAO CAI PROVINCE

The study aims to assess the current status of land use rights auctions in Bao Yen district, Lao Cai province. Secondary data was collected mainly at the Land Fund Development Center of Bao Yen district, primary data was investigated from 30 people who won auctions of residential land use rights using pre-printed questionnaires with questions in 4 categories: The group includes 15 criteria with evaluation scores from 1 to 5. During 2021 - 2023, Bao Yen district successfully auctioned 35 residential land projects with 248 plots of land, total area of ​​54,237 m2. The average starting price from 2021 to 2023 is 2,612.68 thousand VND/ m2, respectively; 2664.2 thousand VND/ m2; and 18,240 thousand VND/ m2. The average winning price has a difference coefficient of 1.001 to 1.015 compared to the starting price. People rated the auction work with an overall satisfaction score of 3.62 points (quite satisfied). However, there are still some limitations regarding people's ability to access auction information, which is still low, the starting price is high compared to people's income... From there, it is necessary to develop solutions to enhance village access to information. They are auctioning people's residential land use rights and increasing the ability to successfully auction them with people in need.

KETERKAITAN ANTARA KETERSEDIAAN PELAYANAN DASAR PENUNJANG PERMUKIMAN PERKOTAAN DAN GUNA LAHAN PERMUKIMAN (Studi Kasus: Kecamatan Rangkasbitung, Banten)

Rapid urbanization has become a significant global phenomenon, affecting not only major cities but also suburban areas, with profound impacts on various aspects of urban life. This article explores the correlation between the increase in population as an impact from urbanization and the availability of basic services in Rangkasbitung, which consists of 16 villages. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of the availability of basic daily services on the amount of residential land use in Rangkasbitung. Basic services are assessed using the 20-Minute Neighbourhood parameter, which represents an area designed to provide essential services within a short walk for residents. This research uses quantitative descriptive methodology, with spatial analysis and descriptive statistical analysis. The study is limited to the availability of residential land use, basic services, and public transportation as the three main components in the development of urban residential areas based on the 20-Minute Neighbourhood parameter. The 20-Minute Neighbourhood is a city planning concept defined as an area where residents can access most activities necessary for a good life without traveling outside the area. The results indicate that the availability of basic services in an area affects residents' decisions on where to live.

Spatiotemporal Urban Evolution Along the China–Laos Railway in Laos Determined Using Multiple Sources of Remote-Sensed Landscape Indicators and Interpretable Machine Learning

Constructing high-speed railways (HSRs) is critical for developing countries to stimulate economic growth and urbanization. This study focuses on the Lao section of the China–Laos Railway (CLR) and employs explicitly spatial remote sensing images to investigate the urban development surrounding HSR stations. Data-driven machine learning and causal inference approaches are integrated to quantify the spatial–temporal evolution and discover its driving factors. The results suggest that the CLR has had positive spatial spillover effects on the development of the surrounding urban space. These spillover effects have exhibited a distance attenuation pattern, reflecting obvious development in 2D rather than in 3D urban space. Meanwhile, the distance to stations and adjacent city centers as well as functional urban characteristics, such as land use patterns and industrialization level, have significantly influences the surrounding spatial development. Specifically, in industrial-dominated cities, the surrounding spatial changes have been most significant under the influence of the HSR. Change related to industrial and residential land use has shown significant land expansion patterns and increased utilization efficiency, reflecting that industrialization and urbanization have been the primary drivers of land demand surrounding the HSR. The findings offer valuable insights and references for developing nations to formulate and implement spatial management policies and initiatives related to HSR.

Linkages between the Availability of Basic Services Supporting Urban Settlements and Settlement Land Use (Case Study: Rangkasbitung District, Lebak Regency, Banten Province)

Rapid urbanization has become a significant global phenomenon, affecting major cities and suburban areas and profoundly impacting urban life. This article explores the correlation between the increase in population as an effect of urbanization and the availability of essential services in Rangkasbitung, which consists of 16 villages. This research aims to determine the impact of the availability of crucial daily services on the amount of residential land use in Rangkasbitung. Essential services are assessed using the 20-minute neighborhood parameter, representing an area designed to provide essential services within a short walk for residents. This research uses a quantitative descriptive methodology with spatial and descriptive statistical analysis. The study is limited to the availability of residential land use, essential services, and public transportation as the three main components in the development of urban residential areas based on the 20-Minute Neighborhood parameter. The 20-minute neighborhood is a city planning concept defined as an area where residents can access most activities necessary for a good life without traveling outside the area. The results indicate that the availability of essential services in an area affects residents' decisions on where to live.

A Study of the Mechanisms of Government Embedment and Organizational Environment Related to Supervisory Effectiveness in the Collective Governance of Rural Residential Land

Rural Residential Land is a kind of public pond resource, and the implementation of the collective governance of Rural Residential Land is a response to the dilemma of utilizing the land. This paper takes the attribute of using Rural Residential Land as a public pond resource as an entry point, draws on Autonomous Governance Theory, and utilizes the OLS model and the mediated effect model to explore the influence of Government Embedment on supervisory effectiveness in the collective governance of Rural Residential Land, based on the fieldwork data of 450 farming households in three districts (cities and counties) in Sichuan Province. This study shows that Government Embedment, the Technological Environment and the Cultural Environment can significantly enhance supervisory effectiveness in the collective governance of Rural Residential Land, while the Resource Environment has a negative effect on it. The Resource Environment has a masking effect on the influence of Government Embedment on supervisory effectiveness in the collective governance of Rural Residential Land, while the Technological Environment and the Cultural Environment play a part in the mediating effect. The anonymous whistleblowing mechanism positively moderates the influence of the Technological and Cultural Environments on supervisory effectiveness. Additionally, there is obvious locational heterogeneity in the influence of Government Embedment and the Organizational Environment on supervisory effectiveness. Therefore, a coordinated supervision and sanctioning mechanism should be constructed in towns and villages to promote the integration and complementarity of formal and informal systems; a sound mechanism for anonymous reporting of illegal and irregular use of Rural Residential Land should be established; and the effective implementation of the collective governance of Rural Residential Land should be promoted in accordance with the differences in the location of the villages.

From policies to outcomes: multi-level analysis of the influence of regional planning on land take

ABSTRACT Urban expansion poses significant challenges to sustainability and undermines efforts for efficient spatial development. This study examines the relationship between regional planning regulations, interest groups and contextual factors affecting residential land take in Germany. The study employs a multi-level regression approach, analysing 4032 municipalities nested in 91 planning regions and utilizes a nationwide dataset on changes in residential and mixed land use. The overall goal of the study is to examine the effect of regional planning regulations and local interest groups, within varying contextual factors, on residential land take. Results show a dampening effect of regional regulatory intensity on residential land take at the local level. However, the effect becomes non-significant when considering local and regional covariates, revealing that regional planning alone may not be sufficient to reduce residential land take effectively. Findings underscore the complexity of regional planning and the importance of understanding its impacts on the local and regional level. As this study focuses on residential land take, further research is required to analyse the effectiveness of regional planning in managing land uses like trade, industry and infrastructure, concentrating urban development in central places, promoting transit-oriented development and supporting higher residential densities.

Navigating the blame game: Investigating automated vehicle fault in collisions under mixed traffic conditions

Vehicle being at fault in a crash has extensively been associated with its driver's behaviors and other human errors for human-driven vehicles (HDV). The introduction of automated vehicles (AVs) is expected to eliminate such human errors due to the ability of AVs to communicate with the external environment. However, various reports have documented AVs being at fault in collisions. This study applied text mining and mixed-effects logistic regression (MELR) on crash data involving AVs collected between 2017 and 2022 in California to explore the likelihood of an AV being at fault during a collision. It was found that among 497 crashes, a relatively small percentage (14.29 %) involved AVs being at fault. The text network results revealed patterns of keywords associated with the AVs being at fault. Such patterns include conventional mode of operation, area of impact, and resulting injuries. Furthermore, with about a 93 % prediction accuracy and an 83 % sensitivity score, the MELR results revealed that the likelihood of AVs being at fault increases when they are operated in conventional mode or when disengagement is involved. Moreover, turning, merging, or changing lane movements, unclear weather conditions, and operating on roadways with four or more lanes significantly increased the odds of an AV being at fault during a crash. Conversely, AVs were less likely to be at fault in commercial land use than residential land use, at intersection locations, and when the crash involved a truck. The practical implications of the findings are presented to improve AV operations.

A mediation analysis of the relationship between land use regulation stringency and employment dynamics

ABSTRACT The paper examines the effects of stringent land use regulations, measured using the Wharton Residential Land Use Regulatory Index (WRLURI), on employment growth during the period 2010–2020 in the Retail, Professional, and Information sectors across 878 local jurisdictions in the United States. All the local jurisdictions exist in both (2006 and 2018) waves of the WRLURI surveys and hence constitute unique panel data. We apply a mediation analytical framework to decompose the direct and indirect effects of land use regulation stringency on sectoral employment growth and specialization. Our analysis suggests a fully mediated pattern in the relationship between excessive land use regulations and employment growth, with housing cost burden as the mediator. Specifically, a one standard deviation increase in the WRLURI index is associated with an approximate increase of 0.8 percentage point in the proportion of cost burdened renters. Relatedly, the higher prevalence of cost-burdened renters has moderate adverse effects on employment growth in two sectors. A 1 percentage point increase in the proportion of cost burdened renters is associated with 0.04 and 0.017 percentage point decreases in the Professional and Information sectors, respectively.

An Investigation into the Mechanism of Government Embedment and Organizational Environment Influencing Farmers’ Credible Commitment in Regard to the Collective Governance of Rural Residential Land

The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of Government Embedment and Organizational Environment on farmers’ Credible Commitment in regard to the Collective Governance of Rural Residential Land and to inform decision-making processes that promote farmers’ compliance with Rural Residential Land management regulations and enhance the effectiveness of the Collective Governance of Rural Residential Land. The research employs various models, including Oprobit, Ologit, IV-2SLS, and moderated mediation. The research results show that (1) both Government Embedment and the Cultural Environment within the Organizational Context significantly enhance Farmers’ Credible Commitment in regard to the Collective Governance of Rural Residential Land. Notably, the quality of the Cultural Environment, when improved by Government Embedment, boosts this commitment further. (2) Endogeneity issues can lead to an overestimation of the effects of these factors. (3) Punishment intensity only positively moderates the impact of the Cultural Environment on Farmers’ Credible Commitment. (4) The moderating effect of punishment intensity correlates positively with its strength, exhibiting a threshold value. In conclusion, our research underscores the need to establish a robust regulatory framework for Rural Residential Land use, foster a conducive village cultural atmosphere, and consistently enhance the punishment intensity for illegal Rural Residential Land use. These measures will encourage farmers to adhere to Credible Commitment in regard to Rural Residential Land use, thereby facilitating the effective implementation of Collective Governance over Rural Residential Land.

Human-derived food shrinks home ranges and alters resource selection of mammals at the urban-wild interface

Protected lands are an important source of food, shelter, and reproductive opportunities for wildlife, especially in urban landscapes. When urban development abuts the edges of undisturbed ecosystems, synanthropic species can alter their foraging behaviors and movement to utilize human-supplemented resources throughout the urban-wild interface. Therefore, urban development on the edges of protected lands can have pronounced effects on animal movement and ecosystem functions. Iconic urban adaptive mesopredators such as northern raccoons (Procyon lotor) and Virginia opossums (Didelphis virginiana) often benefit from human-supplemented food sources such as unsecured garbage, pet food, and fresh water when available. To investigate how urban edges affect the movements of urban-adapted omnivores within conservation lands, we estimated home ranges and third-order resource selection of 27 raccoons and 12 opossums with GPS collars throughout the protected areas of northern Key Largo, FL, USA between April 2022–October 2023. The proportion of urban development in an individual's home range was the most influential factor associated with home range size, followed by species and sex. Individuals with greater proportions of residential neighborhoods and commercial areas in their home ranges exhibited smaller home ranges. Third-order resource selection functions identified both mesopredator species using residential and commercial land use areas more than they were available on the landscape. These results indicate that urban areas attract urban-adapted mesopredators from protected areas and result in smaller home ranges in the face of abundant human-derived food. Reduced home ranges on edges can support higher densities of animals, which may increase rates of disease transmission, especially when the urban borders support populations of feral domestic species. Shifting foraging behaviors from the protected areas to urban edges could have cascading downward effects if seed-dispersing roles are diluted. As urbanization increases and the distance between wild lands and human disturbance decreases, it is increasingly important to study the mechanisms of how urban development on the edges of protected areas affect the movement of wildlife.

The Impact of Light Rail Transit on Urban Development in Dubai, UAE

Over the last two decades, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) has experienced significant urban growth, prompting the Dubai Roads and Transport Authority (RTA) to advocate for sustainable transport solutions. This led to the implementation of the Light Rail Transit (LRT) to address urban mobility, environmental sustainability, and energy efficiency. Dubai has strategically prioritized infrastructure and transportation network expansion to support its rapid development. This paper aims to examine the critical role of the LRT system, particularly the metro and tramway, in steering Dubai towards sustainability. Metro and tramway systems offer crucial high-capacity public transport, enhance connectivity, stimulate economic growth, and contribute to a sustainable environment. The study assesses the transformative impact of the Dubai Metro on urban development, focusing on key stations like Jabal Ali, Al-Barsha First, and Business Bay. Using qualitative research methods, including GIS, spatial maps, interviews, case studies, and land use investigations, the research analyzes population density, connectivity, accessibility, and urban land use patterns around these stations. Results indicate a positive impact of the Dubai Metro on both commercial and residential land use, improved connectivity, and enhanced accessibility, reinforcing its role in cultivating a sustainable urban environment.

The temporal distribution of ridership in metro stations from land-use perspective.

A reasonable land use development around subway stations can balance the utilization rates of the subway system during peak and off-peak hours, thereby enhancing its service levels and operational efficiency. Analyzing the temporal distribution patterns of passenger flow and their influencing factors is crucial for determining the optimum ratio of each land use type surrounding metro stations. Thus, this paper employs principal component analysis (PCA) at first to investigate the temporal distribution of metro ridership, and identify their main patterns and factor loadings. Then, using geographically weighted regression, the study examines the spatial dependencies between the main component proportions and influencing factors, focusing on Xi'an subway stations. The results indicate that the temporal distribution of passenger flow can be decomposed into three principal components: the first representing commuting characteristics, and the second and third representing regulating functions. The overall distribution is a composite of these components in varying proportions. Residential and educational land uses primarily drive morning and evening peak flows, with residential land use in the city center and peripheral areas having a more pronounced effect compared to transitional areas. Conversely, commercial & office, healthcare, and recreational & park land mitigate peak flows and increase off-peak flows. External hub enhances passenger flow throughout the day, while industrial land use has negligible impact.

Mapping of Pharmacies in Bandar Lampung Municipality: Nearest Neighbor Analysis and Overlay Approach

Background: Pharmacies should improve people's quality of life by providing pharmaceutical services. In this case, the distribution and accessibility of pharmacy facilities play an essential role.Objectives: This research aims to provide an overview of the distribution of pharmacies in Bandar Lampung municipality and analyze their distribution and accessibility.Methods: Non-experimental research with descriptive methods was conducted using spatial analysis. All population pharmacies in Bandar Lampung were selected as a sample, and their location was pointed using the Garmin Global Positioning System (GPS). Arc-Gis software was used for data analysis. A nearest-neighbor analysis was conducted to get a distribution pattern, and the pharmacies' density was calculated to obtain accessibility data. The overlapping approach was carried out to determine factors related to pharmacy distribution patterns.Results: Bandar Lampung municipality has 268 pharmacies spread across 20 districts. This research shows that the average density of pharmacies per 10,000 residents is 2.26. The highest pharmacy accessibility is in Sukarame, with a ratio of 4.07, and the lowest is in Bumi Waras, with a ratio of 0.62. The distribution of pharmacies is a clustered pattern (T value 0.55) and centralizes on collector roads, residential urban land use, and health facilities.Conclusion: The distribution of pharmacies is odd. They are distributed in a cluster pattern.

Identification and Redevelopment of Inefficient Residential Landuse in Urban Areas: A Case Study of Ring Expressway Area in Harbin City of China

Identification and Redevelopment of Inefficient Residential Landuse in Urban Areas: A Case Study of Ring Expressway Area in Harbin City of China

Enhancing landslide susceptibility mapping using a positive-unlabeled machine learning approach: a case study in Chamoli, India

IntroductionThe Indian Himalayas' susceptibility to landslides, particularly as a location where climate change effects may be event catalysts, necessitates the development of dependable landslide susceptibility maps (LSM).MethodThis study diverges from traditional binary classification models, framing LSM as a positive-unlabeled learning problem. This approach acknowledges that regions without recorded landslides are not necessarily at low risk but could simply have not experienced landslides yet. The study utilizes novel positive-unlabeled learning-enhanced algorithms—Random Forest, K-Nearest Neighbor, and Decision Tree—to create LSM for Chamoli district, India. Eleven causative factors for landslides are identified, including elevation, aspect, slope, geology, geomorphology, distance to lineament, lithology, NDVI, distance to river, distance to road and residential land use. To address spatial correlation biases, instead of randomly splitting the dataset, the study adopts spatial splitting to get the training and testing datasets.ConclusionThe study reveals that positive-unlabeled learning substantially improves the Area Under Curve and recall, leading to a more conservative LSM compared to binary classification methods. Analysis shows that the southern region of Chamoli exhibits high recall but lower accuracy, suggesting a latent high landslide susceptibility despite a lack of historical landslides in this region. The study also quantifies the impact of human activity on landslide risk, indicating an elevated threat to life and the local economy, especially in Chamoli's southwestern areas.

Nonlinear associations of built environments around residences and workplaces with commuting satisfaction

This is one of the first studies that explores built environments around both residences and workplaces, as well as their nonlinear and interaction effects on commuting satisfaction. Based on 1,044 respondents in Shanghai, China, we applied an extreme gradient boosting model to examine associations of the built environment with commuting satisfaction, adjusted by commuting characteristics and sociodemographics. Results show the built environment around workplaces is more important than that around residences. Workplace land use diversity promotes commuting satisfaction, while residential land use diversity reduces it. Around both residences and workplaces, areas of green spaces reduce commuting satisfaction and population density has inversed U-shaped associations with commuting satisfaction. Moreover, the effects of green spaces and land use diversity around workplaces are diminished by those around residences; while the effects of population density around workplaces are strengthened by those around residences. These findings highlight promoting commuting satisfaction by optimizing built environments.

Investigating urban mobility through multi-source public transportation data: A multiplex network perspective

The integration of multi-source and diverse spatio-temporal travel data provides a comprehensive insight into urban mobility. Using data from Shenzhen's public transportation system, this study presents an analytical framework based on multiplex networks to examine variations in multi-mode public transportation usage (metro, bus, taxi, and shared bike) and their correlation with the built environment. This framework encompasses the analysis of network topological characteristics, centrality, and communities. The examination of network topological characteristics reveals that the multiplex transportation network exhibits high global accessibility and local connectivity. Network centrality analysis, focusing on weighted outdegree centrality, captures the patterns of public transportation ridership. Centrality modeling, employing the light gradient boosting machine, demonstrates a nonlinear relationship between ridership and the built environment. Factors including population density, residential land use percentage, entertainment service density, restaurant density, and metro station density consistently exhibit positive correlations with ridership across different times of the day. The community structure analysis, using consensus community detection, indicates that distinct urban areas exhibit clustering behavior based on public transportation demand patterns, forming distinct communities that closely align with the functional zoning of urban planning. These findings could provide valuable insights for the strategic planning of transportation services and the built environment.

Development of a Land Price Model for a Medium Sized Indian City

Land price plays a crucial role in the development of a region, which serves as an indicator of the features of a property. The primary goal of this paper is to explore the relationship between land price and various geographical and accessibility parameters and thereby arrive at a model to predict the land price. Based on literature surveys, the parameters that influence land price are identified further through which data collection from primary surveys, the creation of a road network map, a geographic information system (GIS) analysis to determine the distance to the central business district (CBD), measurement of road density and access road width, assessment of employment opportunities through establishment surveys, and identification of various land use parcels in the study region are accomplished. The land prices are collected from recently sold parcels in each of the zones in the study region. A negative and significant correlation is observed between land price and distance to the CBD. Positive correlations are observed between land price and other factors considered, such as road density, availability of educational facilities, employment opportunities, and the extent of commercial and residential land use areas. A non-linear regression model is developed that can predict land price depending on the significant parameters.

Effects of recreational and residential functional land use on urban soils

Soils in residential areas of cities are heavily degraded, and the environmentally protective and formative functions are instead realized by the soils in recreational areas (city parks, etc.). The study aimed to analyse the influence of functional land use and the level of anthropogenic impact on the properties of anthropogenic horizons (Au and Aτ) in the city of Volgograd, Russia. In this study, we analysed 50 soil samples from the city’s recreational and residential functional areas under field and laboratory conditions. The study evaluated the morphological aspects (thickness, colour, structure, and presence of artefacts), physical properties (bulk density, texture), and chemical properties (pHwater, salt content, CaCO3, Corg, SOCstoc)of the soils. The anthropogenic Au horizons in residential areas exhibited a clumpy structure, numerous artefacts, and significant compaction. Conversely, the soils in recreational zones contained fewer anthropogenic artefacts, with the Aτ horizons characterized by a lumpy structure. The anthropogenic horizons’ median and mean property values in the functional zones showed significant differences. The acid-alkaline properties of the studied horizons were weakly alkaline in recreational areas and alkaline in residential areas. A common feature of all anthropogenic horizons was the variability in chemical, physical, and morphological properties depending on the functional zone and level of anthropogenic load. The indicators of a specific level of anthropogenic impact on urban landscapes included horizon thickness, Corg content, colour, and structure.