Resident Research Research Articles

Assessment of sandcrete hollow blocks’ thermal performance as a walling material for tropical buildings in Lokoja, Nigeria

PurposeUnderstanding the thermal performance of sandcrete hollow block walls in the tropic is very essential for occupants' well-being, productivity and efficiency, due to its widespread application in buildings in the study area. Lokoja, in Nigeria, lies in the warm humid zone with its attendant's high temperatures all year round. Thus, providing an acceptable walling material that will control the high indoor air temperature becomes imperative. This paper assessed sandcrete hollow blocks as a walling material used in Lokoja, to determine the thermal performances for effective thermal comfort of the residents.Design/methodology/approachIt involves the construction of a habitable model building with the commonly available sandcrete hollow blocks in the area. One unit of Cryopak iMINI Temperature and Relative Humidity Data Logger called new generation intelligent iMINI with Serial Number and Product Code MX-CI-145–0009 and MX-HE-S-16-L was installed, to record the indoor air temperature and relative humidity data at an interval of one hour, for 12 months covering dry and wet seasons. The results of the recorded data were downloaded to an excel spread sheet for assessment and analysis throughout the seasons. The values were computed using the temperature–humidity index (THI) equation, with a view to determine the indoor thermal comfort level category.FindingsThe study revealed that sandcrete hollow block walls provide thermal discomfort of the indoor environment for both seasons, with attendant adverse effects in the comfort of the occupants. The paper concludes that proper orientation of buildings, planting of trees, use of low absorbing or reflective surface materials, application of cavity walls to receive insulation materials in between the hollow spaces provided, instead of the single walling as well as providing shading device elements, can improve users' comfort and also ameliorate the heat effect on the external surface of building transferred into the interior by conduction, radiation or convection within the area and in the tropics at large. Other thermally eco-friendly wall materials available in Lokoja includes timber, stabilized laterite–cement blocks, burnt bricks and earth-mud bricks which can be used to replace sandcrete hollow block walls. These alternative wall materials are used for construction of residential and office buildings by the colonial government of Sir Fredrick Lugard in the study area.Practical implicationsThe application of sandcrete hollow blocks as a wall material is in vogue, not minding its thermal discomfort to the users and the environment; this is due to its availability and ease of production. The acceptability of this walling material requires holistic study to unravel the best way to reduce the thermal discomfort inherent in its application.Originality/valueThe author succeeded in revealing the thermal performance of sandcrete hollow blocks as walling material in Lokoja, the study area. It is a first attempt at understanding the performance for human comfort in the area. This will greatly assist the resident and other researchers to improve on the application of sandcrete hollow blocks as walling material towards ensuring that maximum indoor thermal comfort is achieved.

Early Outcomes of a New NIH Program to Support Research in Residency.

The work of physician-investigators has historically led to key discoveries and developments in modern medicine, but recent decades have seen significant declines in the number of U.S. physician-investigators. One of the barriers to physicians participating in research is the lack of mentored research opportunities during clinical training, especially during residency training. In response to this identified barrier and to expand the physician-investigator workforce, the National Institutes of Health initiated the R38 program, known as Stimulating Access to Research in Residency, to support mentored research opportunities for residents. This article reports on the early outcomes of the recipients of the initial round of R38 awards, granted in 2018. Early positive outcomes include increases in the reported likelihood of resident-investigators pursuing physician-investigator careers, greater reported clarity in resident-investigators' research directions, the commitment of additional institutional resources to support the R38-awarded programs, and the approval of resident-investigators as having met training requirements for certification by multiple medical boards.

Diversity in National Society Leadership and Podium Speakers in Cardiothoracic Surgery

BackgroundWomen and people of color are often underrepresented in medicine. This study examined the inclusivity and diversity of the recent history of the Canadian Association of Thoracic Surgeons (CATS) in both its executive committees and invited participation at its annual meeting. MethodsCATS internal records and previous programs of CATS annual meetings were reviewed from 1997 to 2020. Leadership positions, invited speakers, and award recipients were categorized by sex and race. ResultsOf 199 CATS members in 2020, 93 (47%) were White men, 64 (32%) were men of color, 24 (12%) were White women, and 18 (9%) were women of color. The majority of CATS presidents (86%), committee chairs (57%), named lecturers (88%), other invited speakers (67%), and major award winners (90%) were White men. Women and people of color were underrepresented. The Resident Research Award was the most diverse: of 23 awards, 10 (44%) have been to men of color, 6 (26%) to White men, 4 (15%) to women of color, and 2 (8%) to White women. ConclusionsThere is a need for more representation and inclusion of both women and people of color at multiple levels in CATS. This includes opportunities for improvement in the make-up of its executive committees, the speakers at its annual conference, and the recipients of its awards. CATS has established an Equity, Diversity and Inclusion Task Force to address this critical issue.

Views of medical residents on a research training program: A qualitative study.

The American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC) developed the Fellowship and Residency Research Program (FRRP) to provide residents and clinical fellows with a supervised and structured research experience. The objective of this study was to explore the views of FRRP participants about the training program and how to enhance it. In 2018, we conducted a qualitative study targeting residents where we invited potential participants through email and via snowball sampling. We continued the data collection until we reached data saturation with 21 participants (N = 21) and used thematic analysis to identify emerging themes. Thematic analysis generated four emerging themes: one related to the expectations of residents, while the remaining three themes related to how the program is working to meet those expectations, specifically: coordination, mentorship, and capacity building. For these three latter themes, we discussed the strengths and challenges related to each. In terms of coordination, few residents complained that the deadlines to submit deliverables are not evenly distributed across the years. In terms of mentorship, participants appreciated the flexibility in choosing the mentor. In terms of capacity building activities, participants found the lecture series, both real time and virtual, to be helpful. Finally, participants pointed out that the FRRP program should be mandatory. To provide residents and clinical fellows with a supervised and structured research experience, we have built on our findings to introduce several changes to our program such as ensuring the availability and commitment of faculty mentors, and providing capacity building activities to the program participants.

Presentation at the Canadian Association of Radiologists Annual General Meeting Is Associated With Higher Likelihood of Publication of Canadian Radiology Resident Research Day Presentations.

Objective: Determine how many radiology resident research day projects are presented at the Canadian Association of Radiologists Annual Scientific Meeting (CAR ASM) and if presentation at the CAR ASM is associated with increased rates of publication. Methods: A database of radiology resident presentations from 2012 to 2017 research days at seven Canadian radiology programs was utilized. Each presenting resident was searched for in 2011-2019 CAR ASM books of abstracts to identify all CAR ASM presentations both related to and separate from their research day projects. These presentations were matched with resident research day presentations and their publication status. Descriptive statistical analysis and calculation of relative risk (RR) between publication of research day projects and presentation at CAR was performed. Results: 208 residents presented 288 projects at internal research days. 93 of the 208 residents had a total of 195 presentations at CAR (mean .94 +/- 1.91 SD). 36 of the 288 (13%) research day projects were presented at a CAR ASM, of which 18/36 (50%) were published. 83 of the 252 (32%) research day projects not presented at CAR were published. CAR ASM presentation of a research day project was associated with an increased rate of publication (RR 1.537 P=.0396). There was no significant association between research day project publication and unrelated CAR ASM presentations (P=.275). Most research day projects both presented at CAR ASM and published (56%) were in the Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal. Conclusion: CAR ASM presentation of research day projects is associated with an increased rate of publication.

Are medical residents research work being at stake?

Are medical residents research work being at stake?

Reply by Authors.

No AccessUrology PracticeBusiness of Urology1 Jan 2022Reply by Authorsis a reply to letterEditorial Commentary Alexis R. Steinmetz, Jacob Gantz, Kevin Fiscella, and Edward M. Messing Alexis R. SteinmetzAlexis R. Steinmetz http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5833-851X Department of Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York Supported in part by Urology Care Foundation Residency Research Award and Kahlert Foundation. Equal study contribution. More articles by this author , Jacob GantzJacob Gantz Department of Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York Equal study contribution. More articles by this author , Kevin FiscellaKevin Fiscella Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York More articles by this author , and Edward M. MessingEdward M. Messing ‡Correspondence: Department of Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave., Rochester, New York telephone: 585-275-9273; FAX: 585-273-1068; E-mail Address: [email protected] http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0985-7065 Department of Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/UPJ.0000000000000268.02AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Reply by Authors." Urology Practice, 9(1), pp. 54–55 © 2021 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsRelated articlesUrology PracticeOct 5, 2021, 12:00:00 AMEditorial Commentary Volume 9Issue 1January 2022Page: 54-55 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2021 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Alexis R. Steinmetz Department of Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York Supported in part by Urology Care Foundation Residency Research Award and Kahlert Foundation. Equal study contribution. More articles by this author Jacob Gantz Department of Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York Equal study contribution. More articles by this author Kevin Fiscella Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York More articles by this author Edward M. Messing Department of Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York ‡Correspondence: Department of Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave., Rochester, New York telephone: 585-275-9273; FAX: 585-273-1068; E-mail Address: [email protected] More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...

Online promotion of resident research and research training among postgraduate year 1 (PGY1) pharmacy residency programs

AbstractIntroductionNational pharmacy organizations advocate for training relating to the investigation and evaluation of scientific evidence. Accordingly, most postgraduate year 1 (PGY1) residents conduct longitudinal research. However, residents typically report low confidence in their research abilities and may benefit from structured training within the residency program. The purpose of this study was to assess how PGY1 programs promote research on their websites, including the proportion offering resident research training.MethodsPGY1 residency programs were identified using the American Society of Health‐System Pharmacists residency directory. Community‐based, managed care, or PGY1/postgraduate year 2 (PGY2) combined programs were excluded. Study data were extracted using the residency directory and program websites and included program characteristics, research requirements, dedicated research time, promotion of past research, research mentorship and support, and research training. Characteristics of the programs with and without research training were compared.ResultsOf 1139 PGY1 residency program websites, 3.0% had a highly prominent research section, 19.7% had a clear paragraph relevant to research information, 63.4% had minimal information on research, and 14.0% offered no research information. Forty‐one percent of PGY1 residency programs required dissemination of research findings via poster presentation, platform presentation, or completed manuscript. Fifty‐one programs (4.5%) provided research development training through seminars, a development program, or a certificate program. Compared with programs without research training, these programs were more likely to be fully accredited (100% vs 92.2%, P = .028), offer five or more PGY1 positions (25.5% vs 14.0%, P = .037), and offer one or more PGY2 specialty residencies (60.8% vs 35.6%, P < .001).ConclusionMost PGY1 program websites had minimal information related to resident research. Although the presentation and dissemination of research was a commonly listed residency requirement, less than 5% of programs indicated that they provide resident research development. Residency program directors should ensure that their program websites accurately reflect their residents' research experience, including development opportunities.

KIERUNKI PRZEKSZTAŁCEŃ PRZESTRZENI PULICZNYCH MAŁYCH MIAST PODKARPACIA W OPINII MIESZKAŃCÓW

The public spaces of small towns play an important role in the lives of residents. They have commercial, service, recreational and social functions. They should be adapted to the needs of residents. In recent years there have been transformations within the public spaces of many towns of Subcarpathian region. The study includes the results of questionnaire research of residents regarding their opinion on the changes made. The essence of social participation based on dialogue between citizens and local authorities as well as benefits resulting from its application were also indicated. Spatial observation, juxtaposed with public opinion, allowed for the identification of significant issues affecting the perception and use of urban spaces.

ICRE Top Research Abstracts

ICRE Top Research Abstracts

110 Interim Federal Health Program (IFHP): Survey of Access & Utilization by Pediatric Health Care Providers

Abstract Primary Subject area Public Health and Preventive Medicine Background Canada is currently facing an increasing number of refugees and refugee claimants, yet Canadian health professionals are underutilizing the system intended to provide these individuals with healthcare. The Interim Federal Health Program (IFHP) provides temporary healthcare coverage for those who are ineligible for provincial or territorial insurance, including resettled refugees and asylum seekers. Research suggests there are ongoing challenges around the program such as who is covered and what services are covered. Objectives The objective of this study was to assess Canadian pediatricians’ current understanding and utilization of the IFHP, and perceived barriers to its utilization. Design/Methods A one-time survey was administered via the Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program. The ten question adaptive survey was available in English or French, in either paper or electronic format. Survey responses were collected for 6 weeks in early 2020 with two reminders sent prior to survey closing. In addition to descriptive statistics, multinomial logistic regressions were built to examine pediatrician use of the IFHP, work with IFHP-covered patients, and provider characteristics associated with registration and use. Results Of the 2,753 pediatricians and pediatric subspecialists surveyed, there were 1006 respondents (36.5% response rate). 52.2% of respondents had provided care to the IFHP-eligible patients in the previous 6 months. Of those participants, only 26.4% were registered IFHP providers, and just 10% could identify all services covered by the IFHP (Figure 1). Knowledge of 80% or more of supplemental benefits was associated with registration status (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.92; 95% CI 1.09 - 3.37). Amongst those who knew they were not registered, 70.2% indicated they did not know they had to register. aOR demonstrated that those with fewer years of practice had higher odds of not knowing that they had to register (aOR 1.22; 95% CI 1.01 - 1.49) Conclusion We demonstrate that the IFHP is poorly utilized by pediatric providers, with low registration rates and poor understanding of the IFHP-covered supplemental services, even among those who have recently provided care to the IFHP-eligible patients. Efforts to improve registration and knowledge of the IFHP are essential to improving access to health care for refugee children and youth. Funding: Study funded by the CPSP Resident Research Grant

Researcher in Residence: sharing the daily professional life of nature conservation

The “Researcher-in-residence” experiment was born in 2015 in the Écrins National Park with the aim of enriching collaborations between the world of research, in environmental sciences, and the world of nature conservation. This incentive is based on the observation, shared by various authors and actors, that the links between these two professional worlds are too distant. Creating mechanisms for getting to know each other in a transdisciplinary manner would thus improve the ways of working and responding to the pressing issues of biodiversity conservation. This article firstly traces the genesis and concretization of this experiment through the singular trajectories of its first protagonists, which inform us about the relational, institutional and professional investments made in order to “get to know each other.” Secondly, the story of this experience illustrates that transdisciplinary collaboration involves moments of cross-professional learning. The interest of a residency, even a one-time one, thus lies in the sharing of temporalities and everyday knowledge in order to get to know each other in an epistemic and professional way.

Leveraging Google Scholar to Facilitate Resident Research Reporting.

IntroductionThe Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) requires annual reporting of resident scholarly activities. However, this can be time-consuming for both residents and residency leadership and may not contain the most accurate or up-to-date information. This study sought to determine whether Google Scholar could adequately identify resident publications when compared with their ACGME self-report.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study comparing resident Google Scholar publications with their ACGME self-reported data from 2018 to 2020. Manuscripts were only included if they were published prior to June 30, 2020, and while the participant was a resident at Rush University Medical Center. We did not count articles published prior to beginning residency. We independently collected data from the residents' self-report and Google Scholar profiles and compared the results. We assessed the overall concordance between data. When a discordant publication was identified, it was reviewed in full and discussed with the resident to ensure that it was correctly attributed to the resident. Data were presented primarily as descriptive statistics including percentages.ResultsOf 24 (96%) residents, 23 created Google Scholar profiles. There were 22 total publications. Google Scholar was concordant with self-report in 18 (78.3%) instances and discordant in five (21.7%) cases. In all five residents (n = 9 publications), the discordant publication was correctly identified by Google Scholar despite not being reported by the resident in their ACGME self-report.ConclusionWe found that resident Google Scholar accounts resulted in the identification of publications that had not been previously reported on their ACGME self-report without missing any relevant publications.

The Rise of Open Access Journals in Radiation Oncology: Are We Paying for Impact?

<h3>Purpose/Objective(s)</h3> We aimed to examine how the rise of open access (OA) journals in biomedicine has impacted resident research in radiation oncology. <h3>Materials/Methods</h3> We built a comprehensive database of first-author, PubMed-searchable articles published by US radiation oncology residents who graduated between 2015 and 2019. We then classified each journal in which these manuscripts appeared as either OA or non-OA, and obtained the current article processing charge (APC) for every publication that appeared in an OA journal. Lastly, we performed a secondary analysis to identify the factors associated with publishing an article in an OA journal. <h3>Results</h3> The US radiation oncology residents in this study published 2,637 first-author, PubMed-searchable manuscripts, 555 (21.0%) of which appeared in 138 OA journals. The number of publications in OA journals increased from 0.47 per resident for the class of 2015 to 0.79 per resident for the class of 2019. Likewise, the number of publications in OA journals with a 2019 impact factor of zero increased from 0.14 per resident for the class of 2015 to 0.43 per resident for the class of 2019. Publications in OA journals garnered fewer citations than those in non-OA journals (8.9 versus 14.9, <i>P</i> < 0.01). 90.6% of OA journals levy an APC for original research reports (median $1,896), which is positively correlated with their 2019 impact factor (r = 0.63, <i>P</i> < 0.01). Aggregate APCs totaled $900,319.21 for all US radiation oncology residency programs and appeared to increase over the study period. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The number of first-author, PubMed-searchable manuscripts published by graduating US radiation oncology residents in OA journals rose significantly over the study period. US radiation oncology residency programs appear to be investing increasing and significant sums of money to publish the work of their residents in these journals. A more substantive discussion about the proper role of OA journals in resident research is needed.

Do Dedicated Research Years during Medical School Predict Academic Productivity during Residency?

Background:Evidence regarding whether medical school research portends resident research is limited. This information will provide program directors with data that may be useful for selecting applicants with a commitment to continued academic productivity.Methods:A questionnaire distributed via the American Society of Plastic Surgeons Resident Council to residents in 44 plastic surgery training programs in May 2020 assessed participation in dedicated research years during medical school, the number of publications completed before residency, and the total number of publications by each resident at the time of the survey. One-way ANOVA and post hoc analysis determined significant associations between publication count and number of research years.Results:Of the 256 included respondents, 203 did not complete a research year during medical school, 44 completed 1 research year, and nine completed 2 research years. Mean publications before residency were higher for participants who took 1 or 2 research years (9.88 and 27.60, respectively) compared with those who did not (4.83, P < 0.001). A comparison of total publications during residency similarly revealed increased productivity by individuals who took 1 or more research years; however, there was no difference between the number of publications completed during residency for individuals who took 1 versus 2 years (P = 0.23).Conclusions:Residents with research experience during medical school continue to produce an increased number of publications during residency compared with those without, suggesting dedicated research years taken during medical school serve as a predictor of academic productivity in plastic surgery residents.

Exploring Residency Program Directors, Preceptors, and Residents' Intentions to Participate in Multicenter Pediatric Pharmacy Resident Research Projects.

The purpose was to explore preceptors, residency program directors (RPDs), and residents' beliefs and intentions in participating in multicenter pediatric resident research projects (PRRPs). This exploratory qualitative study used the theory of planned behavior to explore beliefs, attitudes, and intentions toward participation in a multicenter PRRP. Two focus groups were formed: RPDs/preceptors and pharmacy residents. The primary objective was to identify attitudes/salient beliefs, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral controls regarding participation in multicenter PRRPs. The secondary objectives included identifying potential barriers and mitigation strategies for multicenter PRRPs. Descriptive statistics and a thematic analysis were performed. The 2 focus groups included 24 participants: RPDs/preceptors (n = 16) and pharmacy residents (n = 8). The RPD/preceptor group had a mean of 7.4 ± 5.4 years of research experience; all residents had prior research experience as students. Participants shared and contrasted their salient beliefs, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control beliefs about logistical challenges, networking, mentoring, sample size, collaboration, workload, shared responsibilities for data collection and the institutional review board application, and resources associated with participation in multicenter PRRPs. Other items that participants felt were important were discussion of authorship order and dedicated research time for residents. Participants provided favorable comments toward multicenter PRRPs but acknowledged some barriers. The resident, preceptor, and RPD intention to participate in multi-center PRRPs is very likely if they perceive this as an opportunity for increased networking and mentorship, increased likelihood of publication, enhanced research skill experience, and shared resources and responsibilities.

Impact of COVID-19 on Postgraduate research in Obstetrics and Gynaecology: Challenges, Solutions and Opportunities

Objectives: COVID-19 pandemic has affected medical services and facilities throughout the world. This has resulted in unavoidable decline in postgraduate training and learning in different medical specialties. There has been reduction in all aspects of training and learning of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (OBG) residents in general and research training in particular. At the time of the study, although limited institutions have started to put some efforts to resume and endure resident research in OBG but still there are no uniform adaptive measures which can be implemented in all of the institutions. The present study was conducted with the aim to assess challenges faced by OBG residents in doing research during COVID-19 pandemic in a government medical college of India. We also assessed the helpfulness and support provided by the Thesis Mentorship Programme (TMP) of the department during pandemic. Material and Methods: A self developed semi structured, pre-validated questionnaire was mailed to the residents of the OBG training program of our medical college. It was completed anonymously by them after accepting an informed consent. Results: 21 postgraduates from the second and third year OBG residency participated in this cross-sectional study. We found that COVID-19 pandemic was associated with a significant research training impairment. There was “some” to “complete interruption” in the various research activities of the residents. The research aspect most severely affected was data collection. Also majority of residents were satisfied with the support offered by the TMP of the department in sustaining resident research during pandemic. Conclusion: COVID-19 has significant and critical implications for the resident research training in OBG.The TMP and similar experiences also helps residents in continuing research during untoward circumstances. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(5) 2021 p.77-84

Using institutional entrepreneurship to understand the role of innovation teams in healthcare: a longitudinal qualitative study

ObjectivesWe draw on institutional theory to explore the roles and actions of innovation teams and how this influences their behaviour and capabilities as ‘institutional entrepreneurs (IEs)’, in particular the extent...

Empowering younger residents living in long-term care homes as co-researchers

We draw on our research, our lived experiences of disability and the grounded expertise of disabled persons living in long-term care (LTC) homes as co-researchers, to illustrate the value of disability-led participatory research. Our approach to a co-designed collaborative project on young adults living in LTC highlights the benefits of research that centers the lived realities of disabled people. Points of interest Research and knowledge about disabled people living in long-term care (LTC) homes routinely excludes the perspectives of the people who live there; this is especially true for younger residents living in LTC. This article shares information about a study on promising approaches to residential LTC for people under 65 years of age that was co-led with care home resident researchers. The study design provided opportunities and supports to encourage meaningful engagement, such as training and access to research assistants. Resident co-researchers brought lived expertise and experiential insights that enriched the research process and knowledge produced, and that supported them in their own disability advocacy work. Inequities persist when budgets fail to consider and address barriers to residents’ full participation in all aspects of the research.

MP12-16 THE IMPACT OF A DEDICATED DEPARTMENT CLINICAL RESEARCH TEAM AND FORMAL RESIDENCY RESEARCH CURRICULUM

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE:Our objective was to assess the impact of a dedicated clinical research team and a formal residency research curriculum implementation on the number of publications, jour...