Attitudes Of Residents Research Articles

Understanding tourists’ ambassador role of their origin places from perspective of residents’ attitudes towards tourists

Recognizing the pivotal role of tourists as ambassadors for their hometown is imperative, as it relates to the dynamic host-guest relationship, thereby significantly influencing the sustainable tourism progress in both their originating locations and the visited destinations. To delve deeper into this ambassadorial role, this study employed the tripartite model of resident attitude, which bridges the intricate interplay between residents’ cognitive, affective, and conative attitudes towards tourists. 204 U.S. people have been enrolled through Amazon’s Mechanical Turk to finish semi-structured questionnaire about their attitudes towards Chinese outbound tourists. Leximancer, a computer-assisted qualitative data analysis approach was applied. Results demonstrated that neutral or positive cognitive-attitudes U.S. residents held towards Chinese tourists exceeded negative cognitive attitudes. Further analysis inferred that it was the interpretation or attribution of cognitive attitudes that would induce residents’ different emotional feelings and behavioral intention. Positive interpretation would lead to positive feeling (i.e., admiration) and positive intention to visit China. Negative interpretation would lead to negative feeling (i.e., contempt) and negative intention to visit China. This research provided implications for destination management organization of tourists’ origin place to incorporate outbound tourists as their place ambassadors.

Engaging Communities in Energy Transitions: A Study on Attitudes Towards Sustainable Heating Technologies and the Role of Peer Effects in Southern Chile

This study investigates the role of peer effects in shaping the adoption of sustainable heating systems in two highly polluted communes in Southern Chile. Despite policies promoting cleaner alternatives, wood-burning stoves, a major source of particulate matter emissions, remain widespread. This research work addresses a critical gap in the literature by examining how peer influence—typically studied in relation to visible technologies like solar panels or electric vehicles—affects the adoption of less visible but essential sustainable heating technologies. The main objective of this study is to understand how peer networks can influence the attitudes of residents towards sustainable heating technologies in highly polluted urban environments. Employing a non-experimental, cross-sectional design with a sample of 244 participants, this study reveals that peer effects and health risk perception are significant predictors of positive attitudes towards sustainable heating systems. These findings contribute valuable insights for policymakers seeking to accelerate energy transitions in polluted regions.

The Impact of Social Environment Perception on Relative Deprivation among Residents in Rural Tourism Destinations

The sustainable development of rural tourism requires not only active participation from the government and enterprises but is also closely tied to the attitudes of local residents. This study, grounded in the theories of relative deprivation and social comparison, focuses on the residents living near the Jinshi Gorge Scenic Area in Shangluo City. We constructed a structural equation model to explore how residents’ perceptions of the social environment in rural tourism influence their sense of relative deprivation, enhance their happiness, and ultimately promote the sustainable development of rural tourism. The study’s findings reveal the following: (1) that demographic characteristics, including age, education level, and annual income, significantly influence residents’ perceptions of their social environment, particularly their sense of group identity, social support, and feelings of inequality. (2) Levels of relative deprivation vary significantly across different demographic groups. (3) There is a strong positive correlation between individual cognitive relative deprivation and individual emotional relative deprivation. Similarly, group cognitive relative deprivation positively predicts group emotional relative deprivation. (4) Experiences of discrimination, feelings of inequality, and strength of group identity emerge as significant predictors of both individual and group-level cognitive and emotional relative deprivation. (5) Social support has a significant negative effect on individual cognition, individual emotions, group cognition, and group emotional relative deprivation.

Sociodemographic correlates of fear-related attitudes toward the wolf (Canis lupus lupus). A survey in southeastern Norway

The recent increase in the grey wolf Canis lupus population in Norway has led to an intense debate about the management of this species. A telephone survey of fear-related attitudes toward the wolf was conducted in four counties in south eastern Norway. 52% claimed that they not at all, or to a small degree, would become concerned about their own or their family’s safety when being outdoors if wolves were living in their area, while 31% said they clearly would become more concerned. 36% of the sample expressed that they definitely would become more careful when walking in the fields and forest, 25% partly agreed to this, while 38% said they would not become more careful. 25% said they were very much afraid of wolves, 30% were somewhat afraid, while 43% were not afraid at all. Generally, women, the elderly, persons with short education, and rural inhabitants expressed more negative, fear-related attitudes than did other sociodemographic groups. Parents with young children expressed more fear of wolves compared to equally old parents without children at home, but this finding applied only to residents in the city. People who had a dog in their household were less afraid of wolves than those who did not have a dog; this applied only to rural residents. In general, the level of self-reported fear and concern equals what has been found in Sweden and Finland, but the attitudes found in Norwegian rural areas were more negative than attitudes of rural residents in Sweden. The results are discussed on the background of evolutionary/genetic, cultural, and political influences.

Residents' Cognition, Attitudes, and Intentions to Participate in Long-Term Care Insurance: Moderating Effect of Policy Support.

This study took a comprehensive approach to considering residents' demands and investigated the intentions of residents in Hebei Province to participate in LTCI, exploring the potential for individual participation. By integrating the unique Chinese context and existing literature, this study established a theoretical framework for research hypotheses concerning the influencing factors of residents' participation intentions. Leveraging a sample of 516 survey responses, we employed structural equation modeling (SEM) and hierarchical regression analysis (HRA) for validation. The research revealed that the heterogeneity of resident attributes has a significant influence on their participation intentions, and a gap exists between residents' attitudes and intentions, leading to a scenario where attitudes are high but intentions are low. Moreover, perceived usefulness, risk perception, and perceived trust were found to directly affect residents' intentions and could indirectly affect intentions through the mediating effect of attitudes. Additionally, the moderating role of policy support is instrumental in facilitating the translation of attitudes into actual intentions, bridging the gap between attitudes and participation intentions. These findings will assist researchers in gaining a deeper understanding of Chinese residents' participation intentions and their underlying influencing factors, ultimately providing a solid foundation for government policy formulation and insurance companies' strategic adjustments.

116 Emergency Medicine Resident Attitudes Surrounding Resuscitation of a Critically Ill Child: Overcoming Obstacles Using a Novel Form of Simulation

116 Emergency Medicine Resident Attitudes Surrounding Resuscitation of a Critically Ill Child: Overcoming Obstacles Using a Novel Form of Simulation

Marshes to mangroves: Residential surveys reveal perceived wetland trade-offs for ecosystem services

Coastal landscapes are rapidly changing due to both climate change and the decisions of waterfront landowners. For instance, the climate-driven encroachment of woody mangrove species into grassy marshland areas is predicted to impact coastal ecosystems, with consequences for the ecosystem services these landscapes provide to people. However, there is a dearth of knowledge concerning coastal resident perceptions of the effects of mangrove expansion on wetlands and their ecosystem services, which may impact residents’ behavior around shorelines and landscape-level patterns. We surveyed waterfront residents in the northern Gulf of Mexico (USA) to understand perceptions of the relative performance of marshes and mangroves to deliver fisheries ecosystem services. Residential-scale shoreline condition and preference, recreational fishing activity, geography, and demographics were evaluated as potential predictors of resident perceptions through non-parametric comparisons across groups and ordered logit modeling. Significant predictors included area of residence, marsh shoreline condition, marsh shoreline preference, fishing frequency, and household income. Florida residents (where mangroves are most prevalent) and frequent recreational fishing participants exhibited stronger preference for mangroves. Unexpectedly, residents with marsh currently present on their shoreline also perceived that mangroves were better at delivering fisheries ecosystem services than marshes. Considering the important role that coastal residents play in shoreline management decisions, these results demonstrate how coastal resident attitudes may drive or mediate climate-driven processes in ways that are not evident by examining environmental conditions alone. Understanding social-ecological shifts due to climate change will be important to inform effective landscape management that promotes resilience in coastal ecosystems and societies.

A Pilot Longitudinal Clinical Reasoning Curriculum for Pediatric Residents.

Clinical reasoning (CR) is required for physicians. Pediatric residents often gain CR skills through experiential learning. Currently, deliberate education on CR targeted toward pediatric residents is inconsistent. Our objective was to implement a pilot CR curriculum, including five hour-long sessions, and evaluate its impact on self-identified CR Milestones and comfort with CR skills. We used Kern's six steps for curriculum development to develop our curriculum. Five morning report sessions included didactics and small-group activities. Pre/post surveys assessed resident self-identified level on ACGME Milestones related to CR skills (Patient Care 4 [PC4] and Medical Knowledge 2 [MK2]) and comfort with CR skills. The postsurvey assessed resident attitudes toward the sessions. Paired samples for Milestone and comfort-based questions were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed rank tests. Attitude questions were reported with descriptive statistics. Each of the five curricular sessions was attended by 40-50 pediatric residents. Seventy-one trainees (58% of residency) and 51 trainees (42% of residency) completed the pre- and postsurveys, respectively, with 20 paired samples. Self-assessment of PC4 (p = .006) and resident comfort with all measured CR skills increased significantly. Of trainees who attended at least one session (n = 44), most reported finding the sessions helpful (97%), relevant to their clinical work (97%), and impactful on their clinical practice (73%). Following exposure to this CR curriculum, pediatric residents reported increased self-identified competency levels on the evaluated Milestones and improved comfort with CR skills. Dedicated CR education may advance pediatric resident understanding of and comfort with CR.

Medical residents' knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding antibiotics, antimicrobial stewardship and multidrug-resistant bacteria: a cross-sectional study in a major university in Iran.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the biggest threats to global public health systems. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practice about AMR, antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) and multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. A web-based questionnaire survey was conducted among the residents of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences from May to November 2023. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 24.0 software. Overall, 400 out of 450 medical residents responded to the questionnaire, giving a response rate of 88.9%. The participants' ages ranged from 26 to 54 years, and the majority were female (227/400 56.8%). Average scores for knowledge, attitudes, and practices were 53.70 ± 15.88, 36.97 ± 5.89 and 24.69 ± 4.24, respectively. In terms of knowledge, only 26.8% had heard the term "ASPs" and knew what it was. Most incorrect answers appeared to the treatment of infection caused by MDR bacteria including ESBL-producing Escherichia coli (27.8%) and carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (30.8%), as well as the atypical bacteria (45.5%). Approximately, 50 and 71.7% said they had received no specific training in the fields of microbiological sampling methods and the appropriate time to prescribe antibiotics, respectively. Surprisingly, regarding practice, 81.8% of the respondents stated that antibiotics are used to treat flu or the common cold. Residents considered their training on important issues including ASPs, MDR bacteria and the spectrum of antibiotics insufficient. This result highlights the need for targeted training interventions about antibiotic prescription in the curriculum at the university with more emphasis on ASPs to limit the development of resistance.

Leveraging Evolutionary Psychology for Tourism Research: Identifying and Addressing Key Challenges

Evolutionary psychology has led to an increasing number of important and novel findings on tourist and resident attitudes and behaviors. However, in parallel with such advances, several challenges hinder the further application of evolutionary psychology in tourism studies. In this letter to the editor, we therefore identify and address six key challenges to the use of evolutionary psychology in tourism. These challenges are: (1) a difficulty in distinguishing proximate from ultimate explanations, (2) a belief that evolutionary psychology focuses on nature, and ignores nurture, (3) a belief in human exceptionalism, (4) an impression that evolutionary psychology overemphasizes gender differences, (5) a view of evolutionary psychology as a single, unified theory, and (6) a belief that evolutionary psychology can be used to justify genetic determinism, sexism, and racism. In identifying and responding to these challenges, we hope to inspire scholars to consider adopting an evolutionary psychology lens in their future research.

ЗАКОН ОБ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯХ ОБЪЕДИНЕННОГО ТИПА: ВЗГЛЯД ПАРЛАМЕНТАРИЯ

Federal Law No. 126-FZ of May 29, 2024 “On Amendments to Article 6 of the Law of the Russian Federation “On Institutions and Bodies of the Penal Enforcement System of the Russian Federation”” provides for the creation of institutions of a combined, so-called hybrid type. It is planned to concentrate correctional institutions and pre-trial detention facilities in a single center, modernize and unify existing technologies in the field of regime maintenance and development of the production sector, as well as provide a reasonable approach to creating conditions for the detention of convicts, suspects and accused. Correctional institutions of the combined type are beneficial to the state, since the organizational and financial costs of moving convicts and escorting them are reduced; the efficiency of logistical support of the institution is increased; forces and means for the protection of convicts are being saved; it is possible to create modern production facilities that could employ all categories of convicts, while solving the problem of eliminating dilapidated facilities in order to improve the conditions of detention of convicts, suspects and accused. The article discusses some problematic issues that will have to be taken into account when implementing the reform. The main thing is the additional allocation of material and financial resources for the construction of centers or the reconstruction of old institutions; the creation of a modern socio-economic environment for employees working in the institution and their family members; a new type of head will be required, the expansion of staff with high qualifications, knowledge, skills and relevant experience; it is necessary to ensure the isolation of various categories of convicts, security and maintenance of the regime. The ambiguous attitude of local residents towards such construction should also be taken into account. The opinion that educational colonies, medical correctional institutions and detention houses could also be located in joint- type institutions was not supported by deputies of the State Duma. Nevertheless, this issue is not completely closed. It is subject to broader discussion with the participation of specialists, including on the pages of this journal, which may allow the relevant draft law to be submitted to the State Duma.

54843 QR Codes and Dermatology: Examining Resident Attitudes on Digitized After Visit Summaries

54843 QR Codes and Dermatology: Examining Resident Attitudes on Digitized After Visit Summaries

The effect of natural environment, tourism infrastructure, perceived social benefit, and perceived barriers on residents’ attitude towards agrotourism in Seremban, Malaysia

The rising trend of tourists selecting agrotourism as a tourist destination has become an intriguing study issue. Seremban is a well-known tourist attraction that is popular among visitors. As a result, Seremban has been selected as the study site. However, river pollution may have an influence on Seremban’s natural environment and agrotourism potential. Furthermore, inadequate infrastructure, such as unauthorized parking, exacerbated the inhabitants’ problems. A growing number of young people leave Seremban to pursue employment or further education in other cities, with no desire to work as farmers. The labor scarcity has also made it difficult for farmers to grow their farms. Consequently, the study aims to examine how factors such as the natural environment, tourist infrastructure, perceived social advantages, and perceived barriers influence the attitudes of Seremban residents towards agrotourism, with a focus on its potential for driving economic growth. This study adopts quantitative research methods, employing descriptive and causal research designs. Primary data collection is conducted through questionnaires, supplemented by secondary data. Non-probability quota sampling is utilized due to the absence of a specific sampling frame, with a sample size of 385 respondents determined using G*Power software. Constructs are developed based on previous research, and the questionnaire comprises Likert-scale items to gauge attitudes and perceptions. A pilot study assesses the instrument’s reliability. Data analysis is performed using SPSS software, encompassing multiple linear regression and Pearson correlation analyses in addition to descriptive statistics. The findings provide valuable insights into the factors driving residents’ perceptions of agrotourism in Seremban, emphasizing the importance of the natural environment, tourism infrastructure, perceived social benefits, and perceived barriers in shaping attitudes. Additionally, the study highlights the resilience of residents’ positive attitudes toward agrotourism, despite potential challenges and barriers identified. Overall, these results offer implications for policymakers and stakeholders involved in tourism development in the region.

Legal aspects of the family life of chinese women in the first half of the twentieth century: erosion of patriarchate, consequences of modernization

The article analyzes the perception and attitudes of local residents towards the reforms implemented by the new authorities during the period from 1937 to 1949, particularly regarding the change in the social status of rural women in the provinces of Shaanxi, Gansu, and Ningxia. We argue that deeply rooted traditional beliefs created significant difficulties in implementing programs aimed at radical transformations, which were endorsed by a portion of Chinese society embracing a socialist perspective. The ideal of “freedom of marriage”, actively promoted by the ideologues of the new authorities, faced recognition with noticeable difficulties. Nonetheless, the reforms that began in the 1930s not only undermined the reliance on seemingly eternal Confucian-based traditions but also contributed to the formation and rise of the social self-consciousness of women, prompting them to learn to defend their rights and interests.

The 2022 FIFA world cup in Qatar: resident interests and attitudes

ABSTRACT This study examined residents’ attitudes towards the staging of the 2022 FIFA World Cup in Qatar and assess their interest and level of support or opposition to this mega sport event. Guided by the Social Exchange Theory (SET) and the Social Representation Theory (SRT), the study used a survey conducted in 2019, involving 2031 residents: 1017 Qataris and 1014 non-Qataris. T-test and ANOVA analyses were employed. Examination of the factors shaping residents’ attitudes towards and interest in Qatar’s hosting of the 2022 FIFA World Cup revealed strong and positive associations between respondents’ demographic characteristics and their interest. Significant relationships were identified between respondents’ gender, nationality and educational level and interest in the 2022 World Cup. Findings suggest directions for sports policy makers and sport event managers to improve strategic planning for hosting major sporting events. Future research can draw on this study’s findings for adaption to other contexts.

Attitudes and Perceptions of Dentists and Dental Residents Practicing in the Navi Mumbai Region Toward the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Dentistry: A Descriptive Survey.

Introduction Artificial intelligence (AI) has been gaining considerable attention in recent years within the healthcare field. It has established a presence in various aspects of health sciences, including accurate diagnosis and precise, streamlined treatment. This study aimed to assess the attitudes of dental residents and dentists in the Navi Mumbai region toward the use of AI in dentistry. Methods An online questionnaire-based survey was conducted, inviting 130 dental residents and dentists from the Navi Mumbai region. The collected data were compiled on a worksheet and subjected to descriptive statistical tests, which were expressed in numbers and frequencies. Results A total of 100 responses were received. Sixty-eight percent of individuals agreed that AI helps enhance diagnosis and treatment planning in the dental field. Sixty-five percent of the respondents stated that they are most likely to incorporate AI tools into their practice within the next five years. Conclusion From the present study, it can be inferred that AI is a promising and essential subsidiary tool in dentistry as well as in healthcare as a whole. However, major concerns such as extensive, in-depth training, data security, and cybercrime must be addressed before the full-scale incorporation of AI in the health sciences.

Resident Aggression and Staff Burnout in Nursing Homes in Hong Kong.

This study examined the effects of exposure to resident aggression, self-efficacy, neuroticism, and attitudes toward dementia on burnout among direct care workers (DCWs) in nursing homes. A convenience sample of 800 DCWs from 70 randomly selected nursing homes in Hong Kong were recruited and individually interviewed. DCWs reported past-month experiences of resident aggression, levels of burnout, self-efficacy, neuroticism, attitudes toward dementia, and other personal and facility characteristics. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that, while physical environment of the facilities, and demographic background and self-efficacy of DCWs were not significant contributing factors, DCWs' exposure to resident aggression, insufficient experience and training in dementia care, negative attitudes toward dementia, and neurotic personality were associated with higher levels of staff burnout. Findings point to the importance of mitigating resident aggression and adequately screen and train staff to optimize their empathy and competence in minimizing the risk of burnout.

Sustainable Waste Management and Service Quality Delivery in Nigeria

Waste disposal, collection and treatment is an indispensable facet in the developmental phases of rural and urban cities across the globe. The accumulation, disposal and treatment of waste in urban centers have become a predicament to both private and public stakeholders in Uyo metropolis, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. The objective of this study is to examine sustainable waste management and service quality delivery in Nigeria. The issues to be addressed by this study include; attitude of residents towards waste disposal, non-conformity with modern waste collection/treatment processes, and the waste management infrastructural gaps. The study adopted the 9 Development Band global theory of waste and development - using Integrated Sustainable Waste Management – ISWM approaches, with a model elucidating the effects of waste management on environmental footprint. Descriptive survey technique was adopted in which, questionnaire was administered to 384 respondents in the metropolis, as well as the conduct of in-depth interview to obtain additional information on issues that were not clarified in the structured questionnaire. Data collected from the field were collated and analyzed using Pearson Correlations Analysis Technique, to ascertain the relationship between the dependent and independent variables. The findings of the study revealed unwholesome and unsustainable approaches in waste disposal/management, and suggest effective service delivery approaches in line with the 9DB model ISWM. The study recommends that residents should dispose waste in line with established waste disposal procedures, waste management authorities should adopt efficient and sustainable waste collection and treatment approaches. If these suggestions are implemented; it could reduce the metropolis environmental footprint, mitigate on the current global climate change challenges, and promote the UN-SDG - 11 which anchors on the need for sustainable cities and communities.

Attitudes and Practice of Solid Waste Management among Residents of Federal Capital Territory Municipal Council, Nigeria

Background: Attitude is a major determinant of health behaviour. Proper management of solid waste at the household level can only be achieved by identifying the attitude of residents towards household solid waste management practices. Solid wastes (SW) are materials created from human activities that are no longer useful. They are disposable solid materials and might be hazardous to human well-being, e.g. plastics, wood, food, textiles, metals, glass, leather, sanitary waste, septic tank waste, etc. Aim: This study assessed the attitude of Abuja residents towards solid waste management practices in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) Municipal Council. Method: A cross-sectional survey design was used for the study. The respondents for the study were adults from randomly selected households in the AMAC and Bwari suburbs of Abuja FCT. Data was collected from 197 respondents using a self-structured questionnaire (α=0.78). Data was analysed using SPSS version 25.0 Findings: The study showed that the residents of the FCT municipal agreed that organic and plastic materials are the most solid waste materials produced. There was a positive attitude towards waste collection through waste bins (mean value: 2.79, SD: 1.214) but a very poor attitude towards separation of solid wastes before final disposal (mean value: 1.45, SD: 0.939). Conclusion: Despite having a favourable attitude towards collecting their solid wastes in waste baskets (bins) and plastic bags and temporary storage of their solid waste before disposal, 47.2% of FCT residents still dump refuse along the roadside and have a very poor attitude towards separating solid wastes before final disposal. Keywords: Solid waste, Management practices, FCT Municipal council, Solid Waste Management

Gambaran Pengetahuan dan Sikap Warga Tentang Manajemen Pra Bencana Banjir di Kelurahan Bugel Kecamatan Polokarto

Bugel Village is one of the villages in Polokarto Sub-district that is often affected by natural disasters in the form of floods because of its location in the lowlands close to the Bengawan Solo River tributaries, namely the Langsur and Samin River. When there is high rainfall, the Bengawan Solo River experiences an increase in water discharge so that water from tributaries cannot enter the Bengawan Solo River and damage the embankment and river siltation caused by garbage. to determine the description of residents' knowledge and attitudes about pre-disaster flood management in Bugel Village, Polokarto Subdistrict. This type of research uses descriptive methods with a quantitative approach, with a population of 477 people sampling 83 respondents. The research instrument used a questionnaire with data analysis using univariate analysis. The results of the majority of knowledge research in the good category as many as 79 (95.2%) respondents and 4 (4.8%) respondents in the sufficient category. Then the results of attitude research in the moderate category were 46 (55,4%) respondents and 37 (44,6%) in the good category. The knowledge of residents in RW 6 Bugel Village, Polokarto Subdistrict is in the good category, while the attitudes of residents are in the moderate category.