Shanghai Residents Research Articles

Health related quality of life and its impacts by chronic diseases in urban community population, Shanghai, China in 2015

ABSTRACT This survey aimed to describe the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and to explore the relationship between chronic diseases and HRQoL among urban residents in Shanghai, China. A cross-sectional study of 9 426 adults was conducted in Xuhui District of Shanghai, China in 2015. The EuroQol five-dimension three-level (EQ-5D-3 L) was used to measure HRQoL. The average age of subjects was 55.6 ± 17.4 years and 53% were female. Their mean values of utility and visual analogue scale (VAS) were 0.974 ± 0.099 and 80.00 ± 12.36, respectively, which were above the Chinese norm values. Women had lower scores compared with men. The utility value decreased with age, which accelerated after the age of 55 years. Chronic conditions including diabetes, tumor, cardiovascular disease, and respiratory disease, were significantly related to HRQoL, and the reported proportions of problems in the five dimensions increased with the number of chronic diseases (p < 0.05). Chronic diseases except for respiratory disease had a negative effect on HRQoL utility value and VAS score after the adjustment for covariates (p < 0.05). Chronic diseases had a negative impact on both EQ-5D-3 L utility and VAS scores, although the health-related quality of life for the study was above the national average.

Analysis on adult health life expectancy in Shanghai

Objective: To investigate health status and calculate health life expectancy (HE) of residents in Shanghai, analyze health related factors and provided foundation of health policy. Methods: A multi-stage stratified random sampling was used to obtain self-reported health survey in Shanghai. WHO questionnaire was used to evaluate the health quality of life which was designed for the world health survey, Sullivan's method was used to calculate HE. Results: The self-assessment disability measure for adults over 18 years old in Shanghai was 0.25, higher for women (0.28) than for men (0.23). LE was 65.76 years for adults over 18 years old, higher for women (68.22) than for men (63.39). HE for adults over 18 years old was 47.99 years old, higher for men (49.05) than women (47.14). HE's proportion in LE gradually decreases with age. It accounts for 72.97% in the 18 years old and 39.00% in the 85 years old. Conclusions: The health of adult male in Shanghai is higher than that of female, and the proportion of HE loss of elderly is higher than young people. It is necessary to focus on the aging problem and strengthen the long-term care and health support system for the elderly. Improve the prevention and control of major diseases such as chronic diseases,which affect the quality of life expectancy seriously. Promotes the health level and quality of life in Shanghai.

Urinary benzophenones and synthetic progestin in Chinese adults and children: concentration, source and exposure.

The endocrine-disrupting activities of UV filters and synthetic progestin have raised concerns about their adverse risks. In this study, 208 urine samples were collected from Shanghai residents for the determination of seven benzophenones (BPs) and six synthetic progestins. The highest median concentration (6.21ng g-1 Cr) was observed in young adults (21-50 years), followed by a concentration of 3.86 ng g-1 Cr in elderly adults (over 50 years old), and the lowest median concentration (1.32 ng g-1 Cr) was found in children (8-11 years old). The detection rates of BP-3 and EE2 in adults were 97% and 82%, and in children were 31% and 24%, respectively. Synthetic progestin levels in Shanghai, China, were relatively low compared to other countries. And the urinary BPs level showed an increasing trend in Chinese in the past 5 years. The principal component analysis suggested that adults' exposure to BP-1 and BP-3 was related, which occurs through food or dermal absorption of these chemicals present in cosmetic products and coatings. And diet was an important exposure pathway for children exposed to BPs. Despite relatively high levels of synthetic progestin for female and obese, the total estimated daily intake (EDI) was still lower than acceptable daily intake adopted by America. In the Monte-Carlo analysis, the 95th percentile of hazard quotients (HQs) was 0.83, which indicated that potential health risks were appreciated in the studied population.

The Knowledge, Attitude and Practice about Public Emergencies and the Response Capability of Residents in Shanghai after the Outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Cross-Sectional Study.

People’s knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) are a part of the public’s emergency response capability and play an important role in controlling public health emergencies. This study aims to evaluate Shanghai residents’ KAP and the response ability regarding public health emergency events in China. An anonymous questionnaire investigation including demographics, socioeconomic characteristics and KAP was conducted through the online survey system from April 19 to April 30 2020. Of the 1243 people who completed the questionnaire, 1122 respondents (90.3%) had a good, positive attitude, while only 46.8% of participants had good knowledge, 46.2% performed well in the aspect of practice and 19.5% of residents had good response capability. It was found that men (OR:1.57,95% CI: 1.16–2.13), and people with 10 to 12 years or longer than 12 years of education (OR: 2.08,95% CI: 1.14–3.92; OR: 3.56,95% CI: 1.96–6.72) had the best public emergency response capability. Positive attitudes may be significantly associated with good practice (OR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.18–2.64). Internet and television were the major media for people to acquire knowledge and skills. A lack of knowledge, poor perception and poor emergency response ability were found in Shanghai residents. Target intervention should be developed and implemented to improve the knowledge and skills of people for dealing with public emergency events.

Prediction of 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk among community residents in Shanghai, China – a comparative analysis of risk algorithms

Background and aimsThe accuracy of various 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk models has been debatable. We compared two risk algorithms and explored clustering patterns across different risk stratifications among community residents in Shanghai. Methods and resultsA total of 28,201 residents (aged 40–74 years old) who were free of ASCVD were selected from the Shanghai Survey in China. The 10-year ASCVD risk was estimated by applying the 2013 Pooled Cohort Equations (PCEs) and Prediction for ASCVD Risk in China (China-PAR). The agreement was assessed between PCEs and China-PAR using Cohen's kappa statistics.The mean absolute 10-year ASCVD risk calculated by PCEs and China-PAR was about 10.0% and 6.0%, respectively. PCEs estimated that 44.9% of participants [with a 95% confidence interval (CI):44.0%–45.8%] were at high risk, while China-PAR estimated only 16.7% (95%CI:15.8%–18.0%) were at high risk. In both models, the percentage of high ASCVD risk was higher for participants who were older, men, less educated, current smokers, drinkers and manual workers. Among high-risk individuals, almost all participants (PCEs:90.5%; China-PAR:98.6%) had at least one risk factor; hypertension being the most prevalent. The concordance between PCEs and China-PAR was moderate (kappa:0.428, 95%CI: 0.420–0.434) with a better agreement for women (kappa:0.503,95%CI: 0.493–0.513) than for men (kappa:0.211,95%CI: 0.201–0.221). ConclusionThe proportion of participants with a 10-year ASCVD high risk predicted by China-PAR was lower than the results of the PCEs. The risk stratifications of the two algorithms were inconsistent in terms of demographic and life-behaviour characteristics.

Study on the current situation and the effectiveness of food safety education among certain community residents in Shanghai

Study on the current situation and the effectiveness of food safety education among certain community residents in Shanghai

The Shanghai Museum and the introduction of taxidermy and habitat dioramas into China, 1874–1952

The Shanghai Museum, which was established by the primarily British and American expatriate-led North-China Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society in 1874 and continued to operate until 1952, had a major influence on the popularization of natural history knowledge in China. It contributed to training the first generation of Chinese taxidermists, many descendants of whom continue even today to hold positions in academic institutions related to natural history in the country. Moreover, the Museum's habitat dioramas, in particular, played a significant role in raising public awareness about environmental issues among local and foreign residents of Shanghai. This paper traces the salient aspects of the Museum's history, focusing on the key individuals involved in its development and the contributions that it made to the production, dissemination and popularization of natural history knowledge and techniques.

Linking Perceived Policy Effectiveness and Proenvironmental Behavior: The Influence of Attitude, Implementation Intention, and Knowledge.

Residents’ behavior is the result of the combined effect of external environment factors and internal psychological factors. Based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and the attitude–behavior–condition (ABC) theory, this study aims to explore the impact of policy support on residents’ psychological factors and proenvironmental behavior. This study developed an extended TPB and ABC model and replaced the behavioral intention in the TPB model with implementation intentions to enhance the ability of the variables to explain and predict proenvironmental behavior. The longitudinal research method was adopted to collect data through a two-stage questionnaire survey of 1145 Shanghai residents. Results demonstrated that perceived policy effectiveness has a significant and positive impact on attitude, implementation intention, and proenvironmental behavior. This means that proenvironmental behavior tends to appear in people with a high perception of policy effectiveness, positive attitude, and strong implementation intention. Moreover, this study points out for the first time that high waste management knowledge weakens the relationship between perceived policy effectiveness and attitude. For residents with high waste management knowledge, the effect of simple policy publicity is limited. The findings suggest that the government should increase the breadth and depth of policy support and policy publicity to cover the entire waste management process.

Pride and prejudice: Different responses to migrant information among different identity groups

Abstract Previous studies have examined how information intervention affects intergroup prejudice and conflict. On that basis, this study introduced psychological adjustment cost into a behavioral model for identity and individual attitude change. The model predicts that changes in attitude are related to an individual’s initial identity, and the same information can either change or reinforce initial attitudes. Then, we used a survey to explore whether information about migration could change the attitudes of Shanghai residents toward interregional migrants to their city. We found that after reading neutrally described information about the benefits of internal migration, the attitudes of non-native interviewees toward immigrants became more positive while those of native Shanghai residents became more negative. We also found that young, well-educated people developed more positive attitudes about immigrants after reading the information.

Impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic and a free influenza vaccine strategy on the willingness of residents to receive influenza vaccines in Shanghai, China

ABSTRACT The influenza vaccine is not included in China’s national immunization program. Here, we assessed influenza vaccine coverage among Shanghai residents and estimated the impacts of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic and a hypothetical free vaccine strategy on the willingness of participants to receive influenza vaccines. The coverage of influenza vaccines among Shanghai residents from 2015 to 2019 was 1.4% (range: 1%–2.4%). A total of 792 adult participants (aged 19–59 years) along with 821 children and 445 older individuals were included in the analysis. The willingness of participants to receive influenza vaccines reached 68.4% following the COVID-19 epidemic. Furthermore, if the vaccine was made available at no cost, 85.9% of participants were willing to be vaccinated. Our data indicated that influenza vaccine coverage is extremely low in Shanghai but that more than two-thirds of participants were willing to receive influenza vaccines following the COVID-19 epidemic. Making influenza vaccines available for free could further increase coverage.

The Influences of Internal Recycling Competencies and External Environmental Conditions on Urban Residents' Waste Classification and Recycling Behaviours: Based on the Mediating Effects of Classification and Recycling Intentions

Waste classification and recycling behaviours of urban residents are important for waste recovery, reduction, and decontamination. Because residents' waste classification and recycling behaviours are influenced by several factors, this study developed a new waste classification and recycling influencing factor model. Based on 424 questionnaires collected from Shanghai residents, the influences of internal recycling competencies (i.e., waste classification skills and habits) and external environmental conditions (i.e., classification facilities and systems, reward and penalty measures for classification, and failure to safeguard classification achievements) on residents' classification and recycling behaviours were empirically tested. It was found that residents' classification and recycling skills and habits as well as government reward and penalty measures for classification had a significant positive effect on the residents' classification and recycling behaviours(0.159,p

基于Logistic回归模型的我国城市社区居民就医选择的影响因素研究

基于Logistic回归模型的我国城市社区居民就医选择的影响因素研究

RETRACTED: Khan et al. Spatiotemporal Analysis of Tourists and Residents in Shanghai Based on Location-Based Social Network’s Data from Weibo. ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2020, 9, 70

The IJGI Editorial Office has been made aware that the published paper [...]

Mobile Phone Data in Urban Commuting: A Network Community Detection-Based Framework to Unveil the Spatial Structure of Commuting Demand

As the outcomes of rapid urbanization, the spatial separation of homes and workplaces extends the commuting distance and complicates the commuting demand of residents. To promote urban livability and sustainability, it becomes crucially important to understand the commuting patterns by decomposing and simplifying the diverse commuting demand. In this paper, a methodology framework is proposed to describe the spatial structure of commuting demand in a city using mobile phone data. Four steps are mainly included in the proposed methodology: the preprocessing of mobile phone data, the labeling of individuals and their activity points, the construction of the jobs-housing relationship network, and the network decomposition based on the community detection algorithm. To demonstrate the practical use of the proposed methodologies, a case study is carried out in Shanghai to explore the commuting patterns of Shanghai residents. The result indicates the regions with dense jobs-housing connections and cross-regional commuting demand. The result also finds that the administrative boundaries show a significant effect on the residential commuting behavior and the metro lines on the cross-regional commuting behavior. The results generated by the methodology proposed can be referenced by policymakers to support urban transportation planning and promote urban livability and sustainability.

Risk and protective factors for burnout among physicians from standardized residency training programs in Shanghai: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundHigh burnout has been reported in physician populations. Although the standardized residency training (SRT) in China includes components that might put residents at a higher risk for burnout, the burnout of Chinese medical residents is unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of burnout and the associated risk and protective factors for medical residents in the SRT program in Shanghai, China.MethodsThis study was a prospective cross-sectional design. A random sampling strategy was used to recruit 330 resident physicians from four SRT sites in Shanghai, and 318 completed questionnaires were returned. Respondents completed a self-made questionnaire including demographic and work characteristics, four burnout and wellness-specific surveys. Bivariate analyses and hierarchical multiple regression models were used to analyze factors associated with three sub-scales of burn out separately.ResultsThe overall burnout rate was 71.4%. Low level rate of personal accomplishment (PA) was extremely high at 69.5%. Night shift experience, high occupational stress, and low social support were significant predictors, which explained 49.1% variance of emotional exhaustion (EE) (F = 26.528, P < 0.01). Factors that significantly predicted depersonalization (DP) included male gender, senior residents, night shift experience, high occupational stress, and low psychological empathy, which explained 51.5% variance totally (F = 29.004, P < 0.01). Senior residents, high income, low occupational stress, and high empathy were also significant predictors of decreased personal achievement (PA), which explained 18.4% variance totally (F = 12.897, P < 0.01).ConclusionsThere was a high burnout rate among SRT residents in Shanghai. Occupational stress and several work-related factors were significant and strong risk factors for burnout, while empathy and social support were mild protective factors. Decreased work-related demands and increased access to resources could assist residents in reducing their work stress and improving their well-being.

Effect evaluation of health education intervention on nutrition label for community residents in Shanghai

To understand the knowledge, attitude and practice(KAP) of nutrition label for community residents in Shanghai and the effects of health education interventions, and to explore the factors affecting the knowledge, attitude and practice(KAP), and to provide theoretical bases for relevant policies. Using stratified random sampling to randomly select at least 20 residents before and after the intervention in each community in Shanghai. A baseline survey was carried out in early March 2016. The survey included basic information and the knowledge、attitude and practice of nutrition label. Using a combination of online and offline method such as issuing posters, folding pages, conducting lectures on knowledge, tweeting on WeChat public accounts, etc. , for a 4-month intervention, and an assessment survey was conducted in June. The same questionnaire was used before and after the intervention. The awareness rate of nutrition labels among community residents in Shanghai increased from 63. 0% before the intervention to 87. 4% after the intervention. The proportion of those who felt it necessary to label nutrition labels increased from 77. 7% before the intervention to 88. 3%. When purchasing prepackaged food, the proportion of people who often read nutrition labels increased from 32. 2% before intervention to 51. 8%, and the above differences were statistically significant(P&lt;0. 05). After the intervention, the mastery of nutrition labeling knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of men were positively changed(P&lt;0. 05). After the intervention, residents in the suburban areas have significantly improved their knowledge, attitudes and behaviors related to nutrition labeling(P&lt;0. 05). The improvement effects of residents in the suburbs was lower than that in the other two types of areas(P&lt;0. 05). Logistic regression analysis showed that intervention, female, high education, living in the central city, knowing the nutrition label, and thinking that it is necessary to label the nutrition label are the protective factors of looking at the nutrition label when buying foods. Health education can effectively improve the awareness rate of prepackaged food nutrition labels, relevant attitudes and behavior changes of residents in Shanghai communities. After intervention, the knowledge and behavior of nutrition labels in Shanghai communities are at a high level. Men, low-education low-income and residents in remote areas are the key population for future health education related to nutrition labels.

The impact of mandatory policies on residents’ willingness to separate household waste: A moderated mediation model

The impact of mandatory policies on residents' willingness to separate waste and how they respond to such measures is not clearly understood. To answer this question, based on deterrence theory, theories of belief change, the theory of rational behavior, and the theory of cognitive consistency, this paper established a mechanism model for the impact of mandatory policies on residents' willingness to separate waste, and analyzed the roles of attitude, subjective norms, and new ecological paradigms. Through a questionnaire survey of 442 ordinary residents in Shanghai, hierarchical regression and bootstrapping analysis were used to verify the above model. The results showed that:(1) mandatory policies positively affected residents' attitude and subjective norms toward waste separation; (2) through the mediation of attitude and subjective norms, mandatory policies positively affected residents' willingness to separate waste; and (3) the new ecological paradigm moderated the above effects. For residents with higher ecological paradigm, the positive influence of mandatory policies on attitudes and subjective norms was stronger, and the mediation effect of attitude and subjective norms was also stronger.

Analysis on Residents' Acceptance and Its Influencing Factors of Waste Classification Policy

In order to investigate the implementation of Shanghai's waste classification policy, this paper uses multiple linear regression models based on field surveys and online questionnaire data from 2570 residents in Shanghai's six districts to empirically analyze the factors affecting the acceptance of urban residents' waste classification policies and their differences. The research results show that, first, among the residents, women, high education levels, and school students have higher acceptance of garbage classification policies. Second, the main factors affecting residents' policy acceptance are policy understanding, behavior attitudes subjective norms and effective perception of policies. Third, "the government has not provided a complete waste sorting facility" and "too far away from the waste disposal sites" are the main reasons for restraining residents from sorting waste.

Marketing professional clubs to a foreign market: the brand image of Real Madrid and its impact on behavior intentions from a Chinese perspective

The purpose of this research is first to ascertain what the brand image of a globally recognized sport club is as perceived by the citizens of a foreign market, then to determine how brand image predict behavioral intentions from the perspective of citizens of a foreign market. Using Real Madrid as an example, a survey study was conducted to collect data from residents of Shanghai, China on their perceptions of the club using a public intercept methodology, and CFA analysis resulted in a 16-item scale showing acceptable validity resulted in the creation of five dimensions titled ‘club performance’, ‘CSR activity’, ‘club quality’, ‘club history and tradition’, and ‘team spirit’. In addition, the study supported the assumption that club image would predict the behavioral intentions of citizens from a foreign market. Professional sport clubs wanting to engage with foreign markets need to recognize the relationship between their brand image and the behavioral intentions of citizens in each foreign market to attract them to become supporters of the club.

Role of Big Data in the Development of Smart City by Analyzing the Density of Residents in Shanghai

In recent decades, a large amount of research has been carried out to analyze location-based social network data to highlight their application. These location-based social network datasets can be used to propose models and techniques that can analyze and reproduce the spatiotemporal structures and symmetries in user activities as well as density estimations. In the current study, different density estimation techniques are utilized to analyze the check-in frequency of users in more detail from location-based social network dataset acquired from Sina-Weibo, also referred as Weibo, over a specific period in 10 different districts of Shanghai, China. The aim of this study is to analyze the density of users in Shanghai city from geolocation data of Weibo as well as to compare their density through univariate and bivariate density estimation techniques; i.e., point density and kernel density estimation (KDE) respectively. The main findings of the study include the following: (i) characteristics of users’ spatial behavior, the center of activity based on their check-ins, (ii) the feasibility of check-in data to explain the relationship between users and social media, and (iii) the presentation of evident results for regulatory or managing authorities for urban planning. The current study shows that the point density and kernel density estimation. KDE methods provide useful insights for modeling spatial patterns using geo-spatial dataset. Finally, we can conclude that, by utilizing the KDE technique, we can examine the check-in behavior in more detail for an individual as well as broader patterns in the population as a whole for the development of smart city. The purpose of this article is to figure out the denser places so that the authorities can divide the mobility of people from the same routes or at least they can control the situation from any further inconvenience.